Emma MICHAUD

Bioturbation / flux biogéochimiques / écologie fonctionnelle / biodiversité benthique / mangroves

Chargée de Recherches, HDR
CNRS

Affectation

Laboratoire LEMAR

Discovery

Contact

J’étudie les effets des activités de bioturbation des invertébrés benthiques sur les caractéristiques géochimiques des sédiments côtiers et les flux biogéochimiques qui en résultent. Du fait des contraintes naturelles et anthropiques fortes qui affectent les milieux côtiers, je m’intéresse aux impacts des changements de biodiversité benthique au sein des communautés sur les modifications des activités de bioturbation. J’aborde ces questionnements par une approche fonctionnelle de la biodiversité. J’ai choisi de traiter mes questions scientifiques dans des écosystèmes stockant d’importantes quantités de carbone (ex : mangroves, estuaires, fjords) où les activités de bioturbation sont susceptibles de modifier ce processus d’enfouissement par les modifications du milieu qu’elles induisent et de stimuler la dégradation et minéralisation de cette matière organique. Je travaille à la fois par des approches expérimentales en laboratoire (microcosmes) ou sur le terrain (mésocosmes benthiques), mais aussi via des observations lors de nombreuses campagnes en milieu côtier/intertidal. J’utilise des technologies de pointe pour l’analyse et l’observation 2D ou 3D de la matrice sédimentaire (Optodes planaires, CT-Scan Rayons X, Drone, photogrammétrie, télédétection…), en collaboration étroite avec des collègues chimistes, physiciens et ingénieurs, afin d’intégrer dans mes travaux l’hétérogénéité spatiale des milieux étudiés, de la micro à la macro-échelle.

Je coordonne depuis quelques années différents programmes nationaux et internationaux (projets ANR, EC2CO, GDR LIGA) autour du fonctionnement des écosystèmes à mangroves, principalement sur le littoral de Guyane dont la dynamique sous influence amazonienne en fait un cas d’étude très original, et je participe activement à des projets sur d’autres types de mangroves Outre-Mer visant à étudier la vulnérabilité de ces milieux face aux différentes pressions.

Au sein du Lemar, je co-anime avec mon collègue S. Petek (IRD), l’axe transverse “Lemar au Sud” et je suis impliquée dans différents comités localement au sein de l’IUEM et d’Isblue.

Raimonet, M., Ragueneau, O., Soetaert, K., Khalil, K., Leynaert, A., Michaud, E., Moriceau, B., Rabouille, C., & Memery, L. (2023). Benthic contribution to seasonal silica budgets in two macrotidal estuaries in North-Western France. FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE, 10, 1269142. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2023.1269142 Cite
Serafim, T. S. G., de Almeida, M. G., Thouzeau, G., Michaud, E., Niggemann, J., Dittmar, T., Seidel, M., & de Rezende, C. E. (2023). Land-use changes in Amazon and Atlantic rainforests modify organic matter and black carbon compositions transported from land to the coastal ocean. Science of the Total Environment, 878, 162917. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162917 Cite
Spedicato, A., Zeppilli, D., Thouzeau, G., & Michaud, E. (2023). Nematode diversity patterns in mangroves: a review of environmental drivers at different spatial scales. Biodiversity and Conservation. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-023-02562-6 Cite
Cepeda, D., Gonzalez-Casarrubios, A., Sanchez, N., Spedicato, A., Michaud, E., & Zeppilli, D. (2022). Two new species of mud dragons (Scalidophora: Kinorhyncha) inhabiting a human-impacted mangrove from Mayotte (Southwestern Indian Ocean). Zoologischer Anzeiger, 301, 23–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2022.09.001 Cite
Cepeda, D., Gayet, N., Spedicato, A., Michaud, E., & Zeppilli, D. (2022). Two new species of the Echinoderes coulli-group (Kinorhyncha: Cyclorhagida: Echinoderidae) from a low human-impacted mangrove swamp in French Guiana (western Atlantic Ocean). Zoologischer Anzeiger, 301, 179–195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2022.10.008 Cite
Michaud, E., Aschenbroich, A., Gauthier, O., Fromard, F., Aller, J. Y., Aller, R. C., Brunier, G., Anthony, E. J., Gardel, A., Le Garrec, V., Leynaert, A., & Thouzeau, G. (2022). The Codevelopment of Mangroves and Infaunal Community Diversity in Response to the Natural Dynamics of Mud Deposition in French Guiana. Sustainability, 14(5), 2829. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14052829 Cite
Fiard, M., Cuny, P., Sylvi, L., Hubas, C., Jezequel, R., Lamy, D., Walcker, R., El Houssainy, A., Heimburger-Boavida, L.-E., Robinet, T., Bihannic, I., Gilbert, F., Michaud, E., Dirberg, G., & Militon, C. (2022). Mangrove microbiota along the urban-to-rural gradient of the Cayenne estuary (French Guiana, South America): Drivers and potential bioindicators. Science of the Total Environment, 807, 150667. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150667 Cite
Jaud, M., Sicot, G., Brunier, G., Michaud, E., Le Dantec, N., Ammann, J., Grandjean, P., Launeau, P., Thouzeau, G., Fleury, J., & Delacourt, C. (2021). Easily Implemented Methods of Radiometric Corrections for Hyperspectral-UAV-Application to Guianese Equatorial Mudbanks Colonized by Pioneer Mangroves. Remote Sensing, 13(23), 4792. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13234792 Cite
Michaud, E., Aller, R. C., Zhu, Q., Heilbrun, C., & Stora, G. (2021). Density and size-dependent bioturbation effects of the infaunal polychaete Nephtys incisa on sediment biogeochemistry and solute exchange. Journal of Marine Research, 79(4), 181–220. https://doi.org/10.1357/002224021834670801 Cite
Gilbert, F., Kristensen, E., Aller, R. C., Banta, G. T., Archambault, P., Belley, R., Bellucci, L. G., Calder, L., Cuny, P., de Montaudouin, X., Eriksson, S. P., Forster, S., Gillet, P., Godbold, J. A., Glud, R. N., Gunnarsson, J., Hulth, S., Lindqvist, S., Maire, A., … Stora, G. (2021). Sediment reworking by the burrowing polychaete Hediste diversicolor modulated by environmental and biological factors across the temperate North Atlantic. A tribute to Gaston Desrosiers. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 541, 151588. HAL. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2021.151588 Cite
Michelet, C., Zeppilli, D., Hubas, C., Baldrighi, E., Cuny, P., Dirberg, G., Militon, C., Walcker, R., Lamy, D., Jézéquel, R., Receveur, J., Gilbert, F., Houssainy, A. E., Dufour, A., Heimbürger-Boavida, L.-E., Bihannic, I., Sylvi, L., Vivier, B., & Michaud, E. (2021). First Assessment of the Benthic Meiofauna Sensitivity to Low Human-Impacted Mangroves in French Guiana. Forests, 12(3), 338. https://doi.org/10.3390/f12030338 Cite
Morata, N., Michaud, E., Poullaouec, M.-A., Devesa, J., Le Goff, M., Corvaisier, R., & Renaud, P. E. (2020). Climate change and diminishing seasonality in Arctic benthic processes. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A-Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences, 378(2181), 20190369. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2019.0369 Cite
Ray, R., Thouzeau, G., Walcker, R., Vantrepotte, V., Gleixner, G., Morvan, S., Devesa, J., & Michaud, E. (2020). Mangrove-Derived Organic and Inorganic Carbon Exchanges Between the Sinnamary Estuarine System (French Guiana, South America) and Atlantic Ocean. Journal of Geophysical Research-Biogeosciences, 125(8), e2020JG005739. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JG005739 Cite
Baldrighi, E., Dovgal, I., Zeppilli, D., Abibulaeva, A., Michelet, C., Michaud, E., Franzo, A., Grassi, E., Cesaroni, L., Guidi, L., Balsamo, M., Sandulli, R., & Semprucci, F. (2020). The Cost for Biodiversity: Records of Ciliate-Nematode Epibiosis with the Description of Three New Suctorian Species. Diversity-Basel, 12(6), 224. https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00632/74417/. https://doi.org/10.3390/d12060224 Cite
Brunier, G., Michaud, E., Fleury, J., Anthony, E. J., Morvan, S., & Gardel, A. (2020). Assessing the relationship between macro-faunal burrowing activity and mudflat geomorphology from UAV-based Structure-from-Motion photogrammetry. Remote Sensing of Environment, 241, 111717. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2020.111717 Cite
Dirberg, G., Barnaud, G., Brivois, O., Caessteker, P., Cormier-Salem, M. C., Cuny, P., Fiard, M., Fromard, F., Gilbert, F., Grouard, S., Guiral, D., Hubas, C., Imbert, D., Lamy, D., Meziane, T., Michaud, E., Michelet, C., Militon, C., Pibot, A., … Monnier, O. (2020). Towards the Development of Ecosystem-Based Indicators of Mangroves Functioning State in the Context of the Eu Water Framework Directive. Vie Et Milieu-Life and Environment, 70(3–4), 303–310. https://www.webofscience.com/wos/woscc/full-record/WOS:000675537200029 Cite
Cuny, P., Jezequel, R., Michaud, E., Sylvi, L., Gilbert, F., Fiard, M., Chevalier, C., Morel, V., & Militon, C. (2020). Oil Spill Response in Mangroves: Why a Specific Ecosystem-Based Management Is Required? The Case of French Guiana - a Mini-Review. Vie Et Milieu-Life and Environment, 70(3–4), 69–76. https://www.webofscience.com/wos/woscc/full-record/WOS:000675537200008 Cite
Oleszczuk, B., Michaud, E., Morata, N., Renaud, P. E., & Kedra, M. (2019). Benthic macrofaunal bioturbation activities from shelf to deep basin in spring to summer transition in the Arctic Ocean. Marine Environmental Research, 150, UNSP 104746. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2019.06.008 Cite
Ray, R., Michaud, E., Aller, R. C., Vantrepotte, V., Gleixner, G., Walcker, R., Devesa, J., Le Goff, M., Morvan, S., & Thouzeau, G. (2018). The sources and distribution of carbon (DOC, POC, DIC) in a mangrove dominated estuary (French Guiana, South America). Biogeochemistry, 138(3), 297–321. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-018-0447-9 Cite
Aschenbroich, A., Michaud, E., Gilbert, F., Fromard, F., Alt, A., Le Garrec, V., Bihannic, I., De Coninck, A., & Thouzeau, G. (2017). Bioturbation functional roles associated with mangrove development in French Guiana, South America. Hydrobiologia, 794(1), 179–202. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-017-3093-7 Cite
Aschenbroich, A., Michaud, E., Stieglitz, T., Fromard, F., Gardel, A., Tavares, M., & Thouzeau, G. (2016). Brachyuran crab community structure and associated sediment reworking activities in pioneer and young mangroves of French Guiana, South America. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science, 182, 60–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2016.09.003 Cite
Brunier, G., Fleury, J., Anthony, E. J., Pothin, V., Vella, C., Dussouillez, P., Gardel, A., & Michaud, E. (2016). Structure-from-Motion photogrammetry for high-resolution coastal and fluvial geomorphic surveys. Géomorphologie : Relief, Processus, Environnement, 22(2), 147–161. https://doi.org/10.4000/geomorphologie.11358 Cite
Berge, J., Daase, M., Renaud, P. E., Ambrose, W. G., Darnis, G., Last, K. S., Leu, E., Cohen, J. H., Johnsen, G., Moline, M. A., Cottier, F., Varpe, O., Shunatova, N., Balazy, P., Morata, N., Massabuau, J.-C., Falk-Petersen, S., Kosobokova, K., Hoppe, C. J. M., … Callesen, T. A. (2015). Unexpected Levels of Biological Activity during the Polar Night Offer New Perspectives on a Warming Arctic. Current Biology, 25(19), 2555–2561. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2015.08.024 Cite
Morata, N., Michaud, E., & Wlodarska-Kowalczuk, M. (2015). Impact of early food input on the Arctic benthos activities during the polar night. Polar Biology, 38(1), 99–114. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-013-1414-5 Cite
Raimonet, M., Andrieux-Loyer, F., Ragueneau, O., Michaud, E., Kérouel, R., Philippon, X., Nonent, M., & Mémery, L. (2013). Strong gradient of benthic biogeochemical processes along a macrotidal temperate estuary: focus on P and Si cycles. Biogeochemistry, 115(1–3), 399–417. http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10533-013-9843-3 Cite
Michaud, E., Aller, R. C., & Stora, G. (2010). Sedimentary organic matter distributions, burrowing activity, and biogeochemical cycling: natural patterns and experimental artifacts. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 90(1), 21–34. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0272771410002799 Cite

 

Autres publications avant 2010

Michaud, E., G. Desrosiers, R. Aller, F. Mermillod-Blondin, B. Sundby, G. Stora. 2009. Spatial interactions in the Macoma balthica community control biogeochemical fluxes at the sediment-water interface and microbial abundances. J. Mar. Res. 61, 1, 43-70. https://doi.org/10.1357/002224009788597926

Gilbert F., Hulth S., Grossi V., Poggiale J-C., Desrosiers G., Rosenberg R., Gérino M., François-Carcaillet F., Michaud E., Stora G. 2007. Sediment reworking activity rates and patterns in some marine benthic species from the Gullmar Fjord (Western Sweden). Importance of faunal biovolume. JEMBE, 348, 1-2, 133-144. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2007.04.015

Michaud, E., G. Desrosiers, F. Mermillod-Blondin, B. Sundby, G. Stora. 2006. The functional group approach to bioturbation: II. The effects of the M. balthica community on fluxes of nutrients and dissolved organic carbon across the sediment-water interface. JEMBE, 337: 178-189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2006.06.025

Michaud, E., G. Desrosiers, F. Mermillod-Blondin, B. Sundby, G. Stora. 2005. The functional group approach to bioturbation: The effects of biodiffusers and gallery-diffusers of the M. balthica community on sediment oxygen uptake. JEMBE, Vol. 326, 77-88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2005.05.016

Mermillod-Blondin, S. Marie, G. Desrosiers, B. Long, L. de Montety, E. Michaud, G. Stora. 2003. Assessment of the spatial variability of intertidal benthic communities by axial tomodensitometry: importance of fine-scale heterogeneity. JEMBE, Vol. 287, 193-208. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-0981(02)00548-8

Solan, J.D. Germano, D.C. Rhoads, C. Smith, E. Michaud, D. Parry, F. Wenzhöfer, B. Kennedy, C. Henriques, E. Battle, D. Carey, L. Iocco, R. Valente, J. Watson and R. Rosenberg. 2003. Towards a greater understanding of pattern, scale and process in marine benthic systems: a picture is worth a thousand worms. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. Vol. 285-286, 313-339. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-0981(02)00535-X

Michaud, E., G. Desrosiers, B. Long, L. de Montety, J.F. Crémer, E. Pelletier, J. Locat, F. Gilbert, G. Stora. 2003. Use of axial tomography to follow temporal changes of benthic communities in an unstable sedimentary environment (Ha!Ha! Bay, Saguenay Fjord). J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol.Vol. 285-286, 265-282. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-0981(02)00532-4

Desrosiers, G., Gonon, M., de Montety, L., Pelletier, É., Nozais, C., Michaud, E., Stora, G., Long, B., Tremblay, H., Locat, J. 2nd International Symposium on Contaminated Sediments. Québec, Canada, 26-28 mai. Editeur : H. Tremblay, J. Locat, R. Galvez-Cloutier. pp. 78-82

Michaud, E., B. Long, J.F. Crémer, G. Desrosiers, L. de Montety. 2001. Les phases de construction deltaïques, influence d’un apport catastrophique. Canadian Coastal Conference, Quebec, Proceedings. Québec, 16-19 mai. Éditeur : B.F. Long. pp. 533-547.

 

Livres:

E. Michaud, A. Aschenbroich, G. Thouzeau. “La mangrove, l’incontournable du littoral guyanais” in A. Gardel & D. Davy (sous la direction de), Oyapock et Maroni. Portraits d’estuaires amazoniens, Paris, éditions Quæ, Paru le 25 mars 2021. 142 p. ISBN 2759232743

Mangrove, une forêt dans la mer. in F. Fromard, E. Michaud, M. Hossaert-McKey (sous la direction de), Eds Cherche-Midi. Paru le 2 février 2018. 167 p. ISBN 978-2-7491-5764-1

 

Réseaux de Recherche:

Le groupement de recherche GDR LIGA (Littoral de Guyane sous influence amazonienne) : https://ligagdr.wordpress.com/

International network on the bioturbation studies: Nereis Park: http://nereispark.org/

Participation aux projets de recherche