Małgorzata Witeska, Barbara Jezierska, and Jerzy Chaber (1995)
The influence of cadmium on common carp embryos and larvae
Aquaculture, 129(1-4):129–132.
Incubation of fertilized eggs in water containing 0.001/2-0.05 ppm of cadmium resulted in decreased swelling of the eggs, extended development time (delayed hatching) and reduced survival of embryos compared with the control. The proportion of normal, live hatched fry also was reduced in Cd2+ solutions (8–35\%) with respect to the control (86–88\%). Acute toxicity tests revealed high individual variability of fish tolerance to cadmium; 96-h LC50 results were 0.002 ppm for fish under 10 days, 0.005 ppm 10–20 days, and 0.007 ppm of cadmium over 20 days.
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