B. E Bengtsson, C. H Carlin, A. Larsson, and O. Svanberg (1975)
Vertebral damage in [a Baltic population of] minnows, Phoxinus phoxinus L., exposed to cadmium [in test aquarias]
Ambio, 4(4):166–168.
Vertebral damage has been recorded by X-radiography in a Baltic poulation of minnows exposed to cadmium in the laboratory. Within 70 days vertebral fractures developed, especially in the caudal region, at concentrations as low as 7.5 μg cadmium/l. This concentration corresponds to 1/5200 of the 96-hr LC50 and is close to values in the water from polluted areas of the Baltic
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