| ONGLETS | |||||
| NOM | DESIGNATION | ORIGINE | EXTRACTION | N1 | COMMENTAIRE |
| DES-Ong | Descriptif du contenu des onglets | / | / | / | |
| DIC-Var | Dictionnaire des variables | / | / | / | |
| WOS | Web of Science | https://www.webofscience.com/wos/woscc/basic-search | Automatique | 114 | "Global fishing watch" + [All fields] |
| GS | Google Scholar | https://scholar.google.fr/schhp?hl=fr | Automatique | 123 | "Global fishing watch" + "AIS data" - "journal" [Tous types de documents] [All fields] |
| GFW | Site Global Fishing Watch | https://globalfishingwatch.org/publications/ | Manuelle | 53 | Extraction exhaustive |
| FAO | Organisation des Nations unies pour l'alimentation et l'agriculture | https://openknowledge.fao.org/search?query=%22global%20fishing%20watch%22&f.isoLanguage=English,equals&spc.page=1 | Moissonnage | 52 | "Global fishing watch" + [English] |
| BM | Banque Mondiale | https://documents.banquemondiale.org/fr/publication/documents-reports/documentlist?qterm=%22global+fishing+watch%22&lang_exact=English | Moissonnage | 79 | "Global fishing watch" + [English] |
| NU | Nations Unies | https://digitallibrary.un.org/search?ln=fr&rm=&sf=&so=d&rg=50&c=Resource%20Type&c=UN%20Bodies&c=&of=hb&fti=1&fti=1&p=%22global%20fishing%20watch%22 | Moissonnage | 18 | "Global fishing watch" |
| CIEM | Conseil International pour l'Exploration de la Mer | https://ices-library.figshare.com/search?q=%22Global+Fishing+Watch%22 | Manuelle | 2 | "Global fishing watch" |
| UE | Union européenne | https://op.europa.eu/en/search-results?p_p_id=eu_europa_publications_portlet_search_executor_SearchExecutorPortlet_INSTANCE_q8EzsBteHybf&p_p_lifecycle=1&p_p_state=normal&queryText=global+fishing+watch&facet.studies=&facet.collection=EULex%2CEUPub%2CEUDir%2CEUWebPage%2CEUSummariesOfLegislation&language=en&startRow=1&resultsPerPage=10&keywordOptions=EXACT&SEARCH_TYPE=ADVANCED | Moissonnage | 34 | "Global fishing watch" + [EU publications] + [EU officiel directory] + [Any languages] |
| OCDE | Organisation de Coopération et de Développement Economiques | https://www.oecd.org/fr/publications/reports.html?orderBy=mostRelevant&page=0 | / | 0 | Pas de recherche par chaînes de caractères libres |
| CORPUS-1 | Corpus global après 1er screening | / | / | 475 | Doublons existants |
| CORPUS-1_SD | Corpus global (sans doublon) après 1er screening | / | / | 410 | |
| RECHERCHE_RESUME | Références dont le résumé était à rechercher manuellement | / | / | 101 | |
| CORPUS_RESUME | Toutes les références de Corpus-1_SD avec les résumés trouvés | / | / | 410 | |
| CORPUS-1_SD_RESUME | Toutes les références de Corpus-1_SD avec résumés disponibles | / | / | 360 | |
| VARIABLES | ||
| NOM | DESIGNATION | COMMENTAIRE |
| ID | Identifiant unique | Nombre entier |
| DOI | Identifiant de la publication | DOI, URL, ISSN, … |
| AUTEURS | Auteurs de la publication | tous |
| ANNEE | Année de parution | aaaa |
| TITRE | Titre de la publication | |
| SOURCE | Origine de l'extraction | WOS//GS//GFW//FAO//BM//NU//CIEM//UE//OCDE |
| DATE | Date d'extraction | jj/mm/aaaa |
| ID | DOI | AUTEURS | ANNEE | TITRE | SOURCE | DATE |
| WOS001 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/25148486221111786 | Drakopulos, Lauren; Silver, Jennifer J.; Nost, Eric; Gray, Noella; Hawkins, Roberta | 2023 | Making global oceans governance in/visible with Smart Earth: The case of Global Fishing Watch | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS002 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps13549 | Pereira, Jorge M.; Ramos, Jaime A.; Marques, Ana M.; Ceia, Filipe R.; Kruger, Lucas; Votier, Stephen C.; Paiva, Vitor H. | 2021 | Low spatial overlap between foraging shearwaters during the breeding season and industrial fisheries off the west coast of Portugal | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS003 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13224507 | He, Bin; Yan, Fengqin; Yu, Hao; Su, Fenzhen; Lyne, Vincent; Cui, Yikun; Kang, Lu; Wu, Wenzhou | 2021 | Global Fisheries Responses to Culture, Policy and COVID-19 from 2017 to 2020 | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS004 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/25148486221130849 | Drakopulos, L.; Silver, J. J.; Nost, E. | 2023 | Making global oceans governance in/visible with Smart Earth: The case of Global Fishing Watch (Jul, 10.1177/25148486221111786, 2022) | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS005 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00509 | Galbraith, Eric D.; Le Mezo, Priscilla; Hernandez, Gerard Solanes; Bianchi, Daniele; Kroodsma, David | 2019 | Growth Limitation of Marine Fish by Low Iron Availability in the Open Ocean | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS006 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2023.106730 | Parra, Hugo; Pham, Christopher K.; Machete, Miguel; Santos, Marco; Bjorndal, Karen A.; Vandeperre, Frederic | 2023 | The Portuguese industrial pelagic longline fishery in the Northeast Atlantic: Catch composition, spatio-temporal dynamics of fishing effort, and target species catch rates | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS007 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2023.105908 | Morse, Molly; Mccauley, Douglas; Orofino, Sara; Stears, Keenan; Mladjov, Samantha; Caselle, Jenn; Clavelle, Tyler; Freedman, Ryan | 2024 | Preferential selection of marine protected areas by the recreational scuba diving industry | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS008 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/429/1/012051 | Lumban-Gaol, J.; Syah, A. F.; Arhatin, R. E.; Natih, N. M. N.; Nurholis; Kusumaningrum, E. E. | 2020 | Distribution of fishing vessels derived Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) Sensor and Vessel Monitoring System (VMS) in the Java Sea | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS009 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cobi.14224 | Navarro-Herrero, Leia; Saldanha, Sarah; Militao, Teresa; Vicente-Sastre, Diego; March, David; Gonzalez-Solis, Jacob | 2024 | Use of bird-borne radar to examine shearwater interactions with legal and illegal fisheries | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS010 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.13849 | Orben, Rachael A.; Adams, Josh; Hester, Michelle; Shaffer, Scott A.; Suryan, Robert M.; Deguchi, Tomohiro; Ozaki, Kiyoaki; Sato, Fumio; Young, Lindsay C.; Clatterbuck, Corey; Conners, Melinda G.; Kroodsma, David A.; Torres, Leigh G. | 2021 | Across borders: External factors and prior behaviour influence North Pacific albatross associations with fishing vessels | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS011 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps14565 | Arnoldi, Natalie S.; Carlisle, Aaron B.; Andrzejaczek, Samantha; Castleton, Michael R.; Micheli, Fiorenza; Schallert, Robert J.; White, Timothy D.; Block, Barbara A. | 2024 | Salmon shark seasonal site fidelity demonstrates the influence of scale on identifying potential high-use areas and vulnerabilities | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS012 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2023.110026 | Kroodsma, David; Turner, Joanna; Luck, Cian; Hochberg, Tim; Miller, Nathan; Augustyn, Philip; Prince, Stephanie | 2023 | Global prevalence of setting longlines at dawn highlights bycatch risk for threatened albatross | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS013 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps13586 | Fischer, Johannes H.; Debski, Igor; Spitz, Derek B.; Taylor, Graeme A.; Wittmer, Heiko U. | 2021 | Year-round offshore distribution, behaviour, and overlap with commercial fisheries of a Critically Endangered small petrel | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS014 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2018.00240 | Miller, Nathan A.; Roan, Aaron; Hochberg, Timothy; Amos, John; Kroodsma, David A. | 2018 | Identifying Global Patterns of Transshipment Behavior | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS015 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/d41586-021-02752-8 | Joo, Rocio | 2021 | Keep online option at conferences - it makes them more inclusive | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS016 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/marpol.2019.103623 | Mullie, Wim C. | 2019 | Apparent reduction of illegal trawler fishing effort in Ghana's Inshore Exclusive Zone 2012-2018 as revealed by publicly available AIS data | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS017 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2024.1355481 | Bichler, Gisela; Petrossian, Gohar A.; Viramontes, Kierston; Marteache, Nerea | 2024 | Detecting communities at high-risk of IUU fishing: networks of shadow encounters in Area 81 of the Western Central Pacific | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS018 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adg3527 | Shea, Brendan D.; Gallagher, Austin J.; Bomgardner, Lindsay K.; Ferretti, Francesco | 2023 | Quantifying longline bycatch mortality for pelagic sharks in western Pacific shark sanctuaries | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS019 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12010032 | Ruiz, Javier; Caballero, Isabel; Navarro, Gabriel | 2020 | Sensing the Same Fishing Fleet with AIS and VIIRS: A Seven-Year Assessment of Squid Jiggers in FAO Major Fishing Area 41 | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS020 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/LGRS.2021.3084183 | Carlos, Hugo; Aranda, Ramon; Rivera-De Velasco, Mariana; Rodriguez-Gonzalez, Ansel Y.; Elena Mendez-Lopez, Maria | 2022 | Fishing Gear Pattern Recognition by Including Supervised Autoencoder Dimensional Reduction | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS021 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps14195 | Clark, Bethany L.; Irigoin-Lovera, Cinthia; Gonzales-DelCarpio, Diego D.; Diaz-Santibanez, Isabella; Votier, Stephen C.; Zavalaga, Carlos B. | 2022 | Interactions between anchovy fisheries and Peruvian boobies revealed by bird-borne cameras and movement loggers | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS022 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2022.03.127 | Shanthi, T. S.; Dheepanbalaji, L.; Priya, R.; Kumar, V. D. Ambeth; Kumar, Abhishek; Sindhu, P.; Kumar, Ankit | 2022 | Illegal fishing, anomalous vessel behavior detection through automatic identification system | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS023 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3416389 | Coro, Gianpaolo; Pavirani, Laura; Ellenbroek, Anton | 2024 | Extracting Mediterranean Hidden Fishing Hotspots Through Big Data Mining | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS024 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10113-023-02139-7 | Demirel, Nazli; Akoglu, Ekin; Yildiz, Taner | 2023 | Shifts in the pelagic fishery dynamics in response to regional sea warming and fishing in the Northeastern Mediterranean | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS025 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40152-024-00351-7 | Rudolph, Terence Adam | 2024 | Seeing like an algorithm: the limits of using remote sensing to link vessel movements with worker abuse at sea | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS026 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2023.116588 | Zhao, Zhongning; Chen, Jiaxuan; Shi, Yuqi; Hong, Feng; Jiang, Guiyuan; Huang, Haiguang; Zhao, Jinhua | 2024 | HiTrip: Historical trajectory interpolation for trawlers via deep learning on multi-source data | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS027 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13073769 | Thoya, Pascal; Maina, Joseph; Moellmann, Christian; Schiele, Kerstin S. | 2021 | AIS and VMS Ensemble Can Address Data Gaps on Fisheries for Marine Spatial Planning | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS028 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.798893 | Petrossian, Gohar A.; Barthuly, Bryce; Sosnowski, Monique C. | 2022 | Identifying Central Carriers and Detecting Key Communities Within the Global Fish Transshipment Networks | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS029 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41208-023-00646-2 | Demirci, Sevil | 2024 | The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Iskenderun Bay fishery, Northeastern Mediterranean, Turkey | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS030 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15112911 | Tsuda, Masaki E.; Miller, Nathan A.; Saito, Rui; Park, Jaeyoon; Oozeki, Yoshioki | 2023 | Automated VIIRS Boat Detection Based on Machine Learning and Its Application to Monitoring Fisheries in the East China Sea | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS031 | http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/rev.biol.trop..v71i1.53174 | Cubero-Pardo, Priscilla; Castro-Azofeifa, Cesar; Chavarria-Chaves, Juan B.; Vargas-Bolanos, Christian; Corrales-Garro, Francini | 2023 | Foreign fishing fleets in the Costa Rican Pacific and their overlap with oceanic protected areas, the fishing zoning, and the Thermal Dome | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS032 | Paolo, Fernando S.; Lin, Tsu-Ting Tim; Gupta, Ritwik; Goodman, Bryce; Patel, Nirav; Kuster, Daniel; Kroodsma, David; Dunnmon, Jared | 2022 | xView3-SAR: Detecting Dark Fishing Activity Using Synthetic Aperture Radar Imagery | WOS | 7/26/2024 | |
| WOS033 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0278481 | Staebler, Moritz; Letschert, Jonas; Fujitani, Marie; Partelow, Stefan | 2022 | Fish grabbing: Weak governance and productive waters are targets for distant water fishing | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS034 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-23688-7 | Kroodsma, David A.; Hochberg, Timothy; Davis, Pete B.; Paolo, Fernando S.; Joo, Rocio; Wong, Brian A. | 2022 | Revealing the global longline fleet with satellite radar | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS035 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11030353 | Snapir, Boris; Waine, Toby W.; Biermann, Lauren | 2019 | Maritime Vessel Classification to Monitor Fisheries with SAR: Demonstration in the North Sea | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS036 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s43016-020-0121-y | Long, Tony; Widjaja, Sjarief; Wirajuda, Hassan; Juwana, Stephanie | 2020 | Approaches to combatting illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS037 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aao5646 | Kroodsma, David A.; Mayorga, Juan; Hochberg, Timothy; Miller, Nathan A.; Boerder, Kristina; Ferretti, Francesco; Wilson, Alex; Bergman, Bjorn; White, Timothy D.; Block, Barbara A.; Woods, Paul; Sullivan, Brian; Costello, Christopher; Worm, Boris | 2018 | Tracking the global footprint of fisheries | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS038 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abp8200 | Park, Jaeyoon; Van Osdel, Jennifer; Turner, Joanna; Farthing, Courtney M.; Miller, Nathan A.; Linder, Hannah L.; Crespo, Guillermo Ortuno; Carmine, Gabrielle; Kroodsma, David A. | 2023 | Tracking elusive and shifting identities of the global fishing fleet | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS039 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2022.105262 | Dunkley, Frith; Solandt, Jean-Luc | 2022 | Windfarms, fishing and benthic recovery: Overlaps, risks and opportunities | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS040 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2023.106673 | Parra, Hugo; Machete, Miguel; Santos, Marco; Bjorndal, Karen A.; Vandeperre, Frederic | 2023 | Incidental capture of sea turtles in the Northeast Atlantic Portuguese pelagic longline fishery | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS041 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2021.105925 | White, Easton R.; Baker-Medard, Merrill; Vakhitova, Valeriia; Farquhar, Samantha; Ramaharitra, Tendro Tondrasoa | 2022 | Distant water industrial fishing in developing countries: A case study of Madagascar | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS042 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rsma.2024.103632 | Cappa, Paolo; Andreoli, Vania; Krueger, Kai; Barrie, Shannon; La, Charlotte; Zeller, Dirk | 2024 | Estimating fisheries catch from space: Comparing catch estimates derived from AIS fishing effort with reported catches for Indian Ocean industrial fisheries | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS043 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40163-024-00210-0 | Petrossian, Gohar A.; Pires, Stephen F.; Spencer, M. Dylan; Cohen, Noah D. | 2024 | An empirical assessment of seaports as facilitators of FOC-flagged transshipment landings | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS044 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cobi.14114 | Barbour, Nicole; Shillinger, George L. L.; Gurarie, Eliezer; Hoover, Aimee L. L.; Gaspar, Philippe; Temple-Boyer, Julien; Candela, Tony; Fagan, William F. F.; Bailey, Helen | 2023 | Incorporating multidimensional behavior into a risk management tool for a critically endangered and migratory species | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS045 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aqc.3685 | Thompson, David R.; Goetz, Kimberly T.; Sagar, Paul M.; Torres, Leigh G.; Kroeger, Caitlin E.; Sztukowski, Lisa A.; Orben, Rachael A.; Hoskins, Andrew J.; Phillips, Richard A. | 2021 | The year-round distribution and habitat preferences of Campbell albatross (Thalassarche impavida) | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS046 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2020.107051 | Morgan, Nicole B.; Baco, Amy R. | 2021 | Recent fishing footprint of the high-seas bottom trawl fisheries on the Northwestern Hawaiian Ridge and Emperor Seamount Chain: A finer-scale approach to a large-scale issue | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS047 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fishes8100530 | Fei, Yingjie; Yang, Shenglong; Huang, Mengya; Wu, Xiaomei; Yang, Zhenzhen; Zhao, Jiangyue; Tang, Fenghua; Fan, Wei; Yuan, Sanling | 2023 | Evaluating Suitability of Fishing Areas for Squid-Jigging Vessels in the Northwest Pacific Ocean Derived from AIS Data | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS048 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0282374 | Chinacalle-Martinez, Nicole; Hearn, Alex R.; Boerder, Kristina; Posada, Juan Carlos Murillo; Lopez-Macias, Jean; Penaherrera-Palma, Cesar R. | 2024 | Fishing effort dynamics around the Galápagos Marine Reserve as depicted by AIS data | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS049 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11090995 | Hsu, Feng-Chi; Elvidge, Christopher D.; Baugh, Kimberly; Zhizhin, Mikhail; Ghosh, Tilottama; Kroodsma, David; Susanto, Adi; Budy, Wiryawan; Riyanto, Mochammad; Nurzeha, Ridwan; Sudarja, Yeppi | 2019 | Cross-Matching VIIRS Boat Detections with Vessel Monitoring System Tracks in Indonesia | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS050 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-06825-8 | Paolo, Fernando; Kroodsma, David; Raynor, Jennifer; Hochberg, Tim; Davis, Pete; Cleary, Jesse; Marsaglia, Luca; Orofino, Sara; Thomas, Christian; Halpin, Patrick | 2024 | Satellite mapping reveals extensive industrial activity at sea | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS051 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oneear.2020.11.017 | Carmine, Gabrielle; Mayorga, Juan; Miller, Nathan A.; Park, Jaeyoon; Halpin, Patrick N.; Crespo, Guillermo Ortuno; Osterblom, Henrik; Sala, Enric; Jacquet, Jennifer | 2020 | Who is the high seas fishing industry? | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS052 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/faf.12555 | Li, Mi-Ling; Ota, Yoshitaka; Underwood, Philip J.; Reygondeau, Gabriel; Seto, Katherine; Lam, Vicky W. Y.; Kroodsma, David; Cheung, William W. L. | 2021 | Tracking industrial fishing activities in African waters from space | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS053 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2023.1152226 | Coro, Gianpaolo; Sana, Lorenzo; Ferra, Carmen; Bove, Pasquale; Scarcella, Giuseppe | 2023 | Estimating hidden fishing activity hotspots from vessel transmitted data | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS054 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aat7789 | Kroodsma, David A.; Mayorga, Juan; Hochberg, Timothy; Miller, Nathan A.; Boerder, Kristina; Ferretti, Francesco; Wilson, Alex; Bergman, Bjorn; White, Timothy D.; Block, Barbara A.; Woods, Paul; Sullivan, Brian; Costello, Christopher; Worm, Boris | 2018 | Response to Comment on Tracking the global footprint of fisheries | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS055 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-28916-2 | Selig, Elizabeth R.; Nakayama, Shinnosuke; Wabnitz, Colette C. C.; Osterblom, Henrik; Spijkers, Jessica; Miller, Nathan A.; Bebbington, Jan; Sparks, Jessica L. Decker | 2022 | Revealing global risks of labor abuse and illegal, unreported, and unregulated fishing | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS056 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0281646 | Roux, Jerome; Bez, Nicolas; Rochet, Paul; Joo, Rocio; Mahevas, Stephanie | 2023 | Graphlet correlation distance to compare small graphs | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS057 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2022.106265 | Silva, Juan A.; Rivera-Hechem, Maria Ignacia; Hong, Corinna; Clawson, Gage; Hoover, Barbara Rose; Butera, Thomas; Oyanedel, Rodrigo; McDonald, Gavin; Jakub, Raymond; Muawanah, Umi; Zulham, Armen; Baihaki, Aki; Costello, Christopher | 2022 | Assessing the drivers of vessel tracking systems adoption for improved small-scale fisheries management | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS058 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2023.105751 | Hosch, Gilles; Miller, Nathan A.; Yvergniaux, Yann; Young, Elaine; Huntington, Tim | 2023 | IUU safe havens or PSMA ports: A global assessment of port State performance and risk | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS059 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aat2504 | Sala, Enric; Mayorga, Juan; Costello, Christopher; Kroodsma, David; Palomares, Maria L. D.; Pauly, Daniel; Rashid Sumaila, U.; Zeller, Dirk | 2018 | The economics of fishing the high seas | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS060 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/facets-2021-0122 | Bryndum-Buchholz, A.; Boerder, K.; Stanley, R. R. E.; Hurley, I; Boyce, D. G.; Dunmall, K. M.; Hunter, K. L.; Lotze, H. K.; Shackell, N. L.; Worm, B.; Tittensor, D. P. | 2022 | A climate-resilient marine conservation network for Canada | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS061 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-22184-2 | Hitt, Nicholas T.; Sinclair, Daniel J.; Neil, Helen L.; Fallon, Stewart J.; Komugabe-Dixson, Aimee; Fernandez, Denise; Sutton, Philip J.; Hellstrom, John C. | 2022 | Natural cycles in South Pacific Gyre strength and the Southern Annular Mode | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS062 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/csp2.12926 | Iacarella, Josephine C.; Burke, Lily; Clyde, Georgia; Wicks, Adam; Clavelle, Tyler; Dunham, Anya; Rubidge, Emily; Woods, Paul | 2023 | Application of AIS- and flyover-based methods to monitor illegal and legal fishing in Canada's Pacific marine conservation areas | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS063 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heares.2022.108679 | Zeyl, Jeffrey N.; Snelling, Edward P.; Clusella-Trullas, Susana; Joo, Rocio | 2023 | Scaling of ear morphology across 127 bird species and its implications for hearing performance | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS064 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abb1197 | Park, Jaeyoon; Lee, Jungsam; Seto, Katherine; Hochberg, Timothy; Wong, Brian A.; Miller, Nathan A.; Takasaki, Kenji; Kubota, Hiroshi; Oozeki, Yoshioki; Doshi, Sejal; Midzik, Maya; Hanich, Quentin; Sullivan, Brian; Woods, Paul; Kroodsma, David A. | 2020 | Illuminating dark fishing fleets in North Korea | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS065 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/faf.12436 | Belhabib, Dyhia; Cheung, William W. L.; Kroodsma, David; Lam, Vicky W. Y.; Underwood, Philip J.; Virdin, John | 2020 | Catching industrial fishing incursions into inshore waters of Africa from space | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS066 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40462-022-00322-9 | Joo, Rocio; Picardi, Simona; Boone, Matthew E.; Clay, Thomas A.; Patrick, Samantha C.; Romero-Romero, Vilma S.; Basille, Mathieu | 2022 | Recent trends in movement ecology of animals and human mobility | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS067 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109796 | Carneiro, Ana P. B.; Clark, Bethany L.; Pearmain, Elizabeth J.; Clavelle, Tyler; Wood, Andrew G.; Phillips, Richard A. | 2022 | Fine-scale associations between wandering albatrosses and fisheries in the southwest Atlantic Ocean | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS068 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/csp2.12919 | Iacarella, Josephine C.; Burke, Lily; Clyde, Georgia; Wicks, Adam; Clavelle, Tyler; Dunham, Anya; Rubidge, Emily; Woods, Paul | 2023 | Monitoring temporal and spatial trends of illegal and legal fishing in marine conservation areas across Canada's three oceans | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS069 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adl5528 | Welch, Heather; Clavelle, Tyler; White, Timothy D.; Cimino, Megan A.; Kroodsma, David; Hazen, Elliott L. | 2024 | Unseen overlap between fishing vessels and top predators in the northeast Pacific | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS070 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2024.1369447 | Lippi, Simona; Piroddi, Chiara; Graziano, Mariagrazia; Di Franco, Antonio | 2024 | Highlighting the gap on spatial regulatory data in the official MPAs databases | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS071 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/esr01251 | Good, S. D.; Gummery, M.; McLennan, S.; Dewar, K.; Votier, S. C.; Phillips, R. A. | 2023 | Evaluating the appropriateness of risk-based approaches to assess the sustainability of fishery impacts on seabirds | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS072 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0216819 | Guiet, Jerome; Galbraith, Eric; Kroodsma, David; Worm, Boris | 2019 | Seasonal variability in global industrial fishing effort | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS073 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2020.104200 | Seto, Katherine; Miller, Nathan; Young, Mark; Hanich, Quentin | 2022 | Toward transparent governance of transboundary fisheries: The case of Pacific tuna transshipment | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS074 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abq2109 | Welch, Heather; Clavelle, Tyler; White, Timothy D.; Cimino, Megan A.; Van Osdel, Jennifer; Hochberg, Timothy; Kroodsma, David; Hazen, Elliott L. | 2022 | Hot spots of unseen fishing vessels | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS075 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsab068 | Joo, Rocio; Bez, Nicolas; Etienne, Marie-Pierre; Marin, Pablo; Goascoz, Nicolas; Roux, Jerome; Mahevas, Stephanie | 2021 | Identifying partners at sea from joint movement metrics of pelagic pair trawlers | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS076 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.13968 | Gillies, Natasha; Weimerskirch, Henri; Thorley, Jack; Clay, Thomas A.; Lopez, Lucia Martina Martin; Joo, Rocio; Basille, Mathieu; Patrick, Samantha C. | 2023 | Boldness predicts plasticity in flight responses to winds | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS077 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0276623 | Laura Dans, Silvana; Agustin Luzenti, Elvio; Alberto Coscarella, Mariano; Joo, Rocio; Degrati, Mariana; Soledad Curcio, Nadia | 2022 | Seasonal variation and group size affect movement patterns of two pelagic dolphin species (Lagenorhynchus obscurus and Delphinus delphis) | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS078 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/faf.12285 | Dunn, Daniel C.; Jablonicky, Caroline; Crespo, Guillermo O.; McCauley, Douglas J.; Kroodsma, David A.; Boerder, Kristina; Gjerde, Kristina M.; Halpin, Patrick N. | 2018 | Empowering high seas governance with satellite vessel tracking data | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS079 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.add8125 | Seto, Katherine L.; Miller, Nathan A.; Kroodsma, David; Hanich, Quentin; Miyahara, Masanori; Saito, Rui; Boerder, Kristina; Tsuda, Masaki; Oozeki, Yoshioki; Urrutia, S. Osvaldo | 2023 | Fishing through the cracks: The unregulated nature of global squid fisheries | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS080 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/conl.12708 | Ferretti, Francesco; Jacoby, David M. P.; Pfleger, Mariah O.; White, Timothy D.; Dent, Felix; Micheli, Fiorenza; Rosenberg, Andrew A.; Crowder, Larry B.; Block, Barbara A. | 2020 | Shark fin trade bans and sustainable shark fisheries | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS081 | Cimino, Megan a.; Welch, Heather; Santora, Jarrod a.; Kroodsma, David; Hazen, Elliott l.; Bograd, Steven j.; Warzybok, Pete; Jahncke, Jaime; Shaffer, Scott a. | 2024 | TRACKED GULLS HELP IDENTIFY POTENTIAL ZONES OF INTERACTION BETWEEN WHALES AND SHIPPING TRAFFIC | WOS | 7/26/2024 | |
| WOS082 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aau3761 | White, Timothy D.; Ferretti, Francesco; Kroodsma, David A.; Hazen, Elliott L.; Carlisle, Aaron B.; Scales, Kylie L.; Bograd, Steven J.; Block, Barbara A. | 2019 | Predicted hotspots of overlap between highly migratory fishes and industrial fishing fleets in the northeast Pacific | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS083 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/acv.12768 | Carneiro, A. P. B.; Dias, M. P.; Oppel, S.; Pearmain, E. J.; Clark, B. L.; Wood, A. G.; Clavelle, T.; Phillips, R. A. | 2022 | Integrating immersion with GPS data improves behavioural classification for wandering albatrosses and shows scavenging behind fishing vessels mirrors natural foraging | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS084 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153150 | Zhang, Chongliang; Chen, Yong; Xu, Binduo; Xue, Ying; Ren, Yiping | 2022 | The dynamics of the fishing fleet in China Seas: A glimpse through AIS monitoring | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS085 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cobi.13584 | White, Timothy D.; Ong, Tiffany; Ferretti, Francesco; Block, Barbara A.; McCauley, Douglas J.; Micheli, Fiorenza; De Leo, Giulio A. | 2020 | Tracking the response of industrial fishing fleets to large marine protected areas in the Pacific Ocean | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS086 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsae038 | Gammage, Louise C.; Longo, Catherine S.; van Putten, Ingrid; Bucio-Bustos, Edaysi; Gordon, Andrew Kenneth; Lejbowicz, Amanda; Vergara-Solana, Francisco J. | 2024 | The power of collaboration in multifishery improvement initiatives | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS087 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/env.2876 | Panunzi, Greta; Moro, Stefano; Marques, Isa; Martino, Sara; Colloca, Francesco; Ferretti, Francesco; Lasinio, Giovanna Jona | 2024 | Estimating the spatial distribution of the white shark in the Mediterranean Sea via an integrated species distribution model accounting for physical barriers | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS088 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.adl4019 | Villasenor-Derbez, Juan Carlos; Costello, Christopher; Plantinga, Andrew J. | 2024 | A market for 30x30 in the ocean | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS089 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2218679120 | Gillies, Natasha; Lopez, Lucia Martina Martin; den Ouden, Olivier F. C.; Assink, Jelle D.; Basille, Mathieu; Clay, Thomas A.; Clusella-Trullas, Susana; Joo, Rocio; Weimerskirchi, Henri; Zampolli, Mario; Zeyl, Jeffrey N.; Patrick, Samantha C. | 2023 | Albatross movement suggests sensitivity to infrasound cues at sea | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS090 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.596619 | Curnick, David J.; Andrzejaczek, Samantha; Jacoby, David M. P.; Coffey, Daniel M.; Carlisle, Aaron B.; Chapple, Taylor K.; Ferretti, Francesco; Schallert, Robert J.; White, Timothy; Block, Barbara A.; Koldewey, Heather J.; Collen, Ben | 2020 | Behavior and Ecology of Silky Sharks Around the Chagos Archipelago and Evidence of Indian Ocean Wide Movement | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS091 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2024.106117 | Good, Stephanie D.; Mclennan, Shaun; Gummery, Matt; Lent, Rebecca; Essington, Timothy E.; Wallace, Bryan P.; Phillips, Richard A.; Peatman, Tom; Baker, G. Barry; Reid, Keith; Currey, Rohan J. C. | 2024 | Updating requirements for Endangered, Threatened and Protected species MSC Fisheries Standard v3.0 to operationalise best practices | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS092 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41893-019-0389-9 | Englander, Gabriel | 2019 | Property rights and the protection of global marine resources | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS093 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aau2161 | McCauley, Douglas J.; Jablonicky, Caroline; Allison, Edward H.; Golden, Christopher D.; Joyce, Francis H.; Mayorga, Juan; Kroodsma, David | 2018 | Wealthy countries dominate industrial fishing | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS094 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2023.102773 | Loveridge, Alexandra; Elvidge, Christopher D.; Kroodsma, David A.; White, Timothy D.; Evans, Karen; Kato, Akiko; Ropert-Coudert, Yan; Sommerfeld, Julia; Takahashi, Akinori; Patchett, Robert; Robira, Benjamin; Rutz, Christian; Sims, David W. | 2024 | Context-dependent changes in maritime traffic activity during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS095 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/faf.12828 | Farchadi, Nima; Welch, Heather; Braun, Camrin D.; Allyn, Andrew J.; Bograd, Steven J.; Brodie, Stephanie; Hazen, Elliott L.; Kerney, Alex; Lezama-Ochoa, Nerea; Mills, Katherine E.; Pugh, Dylan; Young-Morse, Riley; Lewison, Rebecca L. | 2024 | Marine heatwaves redistribute pelagic fishing fleets | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS096 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2104563118 | McDonald, Gavin G.; Costello, Christopher; Bone, Jennifer; Cabral, Reniel B.; Farabee, Valerie; Hochberg, Timothy; Kroodsma, David; Mangin, Tracey; Meng, Kyle C.; Zahn, Oliver | 2021 | REPLY TO SWARTZ ET AL.: Challenges and opportunities for identifying forced labor using satellite-based fishing vessel monitoring | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS097 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2016238117 | McDonald, Gavin G.; Costello, Christopher; Bone, Jennifer; Cabral, Reniel B.; Farabee, Valerie; Hochberg, Timothy; Kroodsma, David; Mangin, Tracey; Meng, Kyle C.; Zahn, Oliver | 2021 | Satellites can reveal global extent of forced labor in the world's fishing fleet | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS098 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/acv.12961 | Rutter, J. D.; Borrelle, S. B.; Bose, S.; Carneiro, A. P. B.; Clark, B. L.; Debski, I.; Elliott, G.; Fischer, J. H.; Walker, K.; Pittman, S. J. | 2024 | A probabilistic time geographic approach to quantifying seabird-vessel interactions | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS099 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-47975-1 | Jacquemont, Juliette; Loiseau, Charles; Tornabene, Luke; Claudet, Joachim | 2024 | 3D ocean assessments reveal that fisheries reach deep but marine protection remains shallow | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS100 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aay9969 | Tittensor, Derek P.; Beger, Maria; Boerder, Kristina; Boyce, Daniel G.; Cavanagh, Rachel D.; Cosandey-Godin, Aurelie; Crespo, Guillermo Ortuno; Dunn, Daniel C.; Ghiffary, Wildan; Grant, Susie M.; Hannah, Lee; Halpin, Patrick N.; Harfoot, Mike; Heaslip, Susan G.; Jeffery, Nicholas W.; Kingston, Naomi; Lotze, Heike K.; McGowan, Jennifer; McLeod, Elizabeth; McOwen, Chris J.; O'Leary, Bethan C.; Schiller, Laurenne; Stanley, Ryan R. E.; Westhead, Maxine; Wilson, Kristen L.; Worm, Boris | 2019 | Integrating climate adaptation and biodiversity conservation in the global ocean | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS101 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s43017-024-00516-2 | Kebede, Endalkachew Abebe; Abou Ali, Hanan; Clavelle, Tyler; Froehlich, Halley E.; Gephart, Jessica A.; Hartman, Sarah; Herrero, Mario; Kerner, Hannah; Mehta, Piyush; Nakalembe, Catherine; Ray, Deepak K.; Siebert, Stefan; Thornton, Philip; Davis, Kyle Frankel | 2024 | Assessing and addressing the global state of food production data scarcity | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS102 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps13439 | Bonnet-Lebrun, Anne-Sophie; Catry, Paulo; Clark, Tyler J.; Campioni, Letizia; Kuepfer, Amanda; Tierny, Megan; Kilbride, Elizabeth; Wakefield, Ewan D. | 2020 | Habitat preferences, foraging behaviour and bycatch risk among breeding sooty shearwaters Ardenna grisea in the Southwest Atlantic | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS103 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010164 | Joo, Rocio; Sanchez-Tapia, Andrea; Mortara, Sara; Saibene, Yanina Bellini; Turner, Heather; Peter, Dorothea Hug; Morandeira, Natalia Soledad; Bannert, Matt; Almazrouq, Batool; Hare, Elizabeth; Acion, Laura; Narvaez-Gomez, Juan Pablo; Cordoba, Marcela Alfaro; Marini, Federico; Giordano, Rita; Canelon, Silvia; Ebou, Anicet; Upadhya, Adithi R.; Chavez, Joselyn; Ravi, Janani | 2022 | Ten simple rules to host an inclusive conference | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS104 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2023.1161580 | Gonzalez-Santana, Alberto; Oosterbaan, Marijn; Clavelle, Tyler; Maze, Guillaume; Notarstefano, Giulio; Poffa, Noe; Velez-Belchi, Pedro | 2023 | Analysis of the global shipping traffic for the feasibility of a structural recovery program of Argo floats | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS105 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.485512 | Van Vranken, Cooper; Vastenhoud, Berthe M. J.; Manning, James P.; Plet-Hansen, Kristian S.; Jakoboski, Julie; Gorringe, Patrick; Martinelli, Michela | 2020 | Fishing Gear as a Data Collection Platform: Opportunities to Fill Spatial and Temporal Gaps in Operational Sub-Surface Observation Networks | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS106 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2017.01.009 | White, Timothy D.; Carlisle, Aaron B.; Kroodsma, David A.; Block, Barbara A.; Casagrandi, Renato; De Leo, Giulio A.; Gatto, Marino; Michell, Fiorenza; McCauley, Douglas J. | 2017 | Assessing the effectiveness of a large marine protected area for reef shark conservation | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS107 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2021.104922 | Lozano, Alejandro J. Garcia; Sparks, Jessica L. Decker; Durgana, Davina P.; Farthing, Courtney M.; Fitzpatrick, Juno; Krough-Poulsen, Birgitte; McDonald, Gavin; McDonald, Sara; Ota, Yoshitaka; Sarto, Nicole; Cisneros-Montemayor, Andres M.; Lout, Gabrielle; Finkbeiner, Elena; Kittinger, John N. | 2022 | Decent work in fisheries: Current trends and key considerations for future research and policy | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS108 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.14270 | Popovic, Gordana; Mason, Tanya Jane; Drobniak, Szymon Marian; Marques, Tiago Andre; Potts, Joanne; Joo, Rocio; Altwegg, Res; Burns, Carolyn Claire Isabelle; Mccarthy, Michael Andrew; Johnston, Alison; Nakagawa, Shinichi; Mcmillan, Louise; Devarajan, Kadambari; Taggart, Patrick Leo; Wunderlich, Alison; Mair, Magdalena; Martinez-Lanfranco, Juan Andres; Lagisz, Malgorzata; Pottier, Patrice | 2024 | Four principles for improved statistical ecology | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS109 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2020.104377 | Wagner, Daniel; van der Meer, Liesbeth; Gorny, Matthias; Sellanes, Javier; Gaymer, Carlos F.; Soto, Eulogio H.; Easton, Erin E.; Friedlander, Alan M.; Lindsay, Dhugal J.; Molodtsova, Tina N.; Boteler, Ben; Durussel, Carole; Gjerde, Kristina M.; Currie, Duncan; Gianni, Matthew; Brooks, Cassandra M.; Shiple, Marianne J.; Wilhelm, T. Aulani; Quesada, Marco; Thomas, Tamara; Dunstan, Piers K.; Clark, Nichola A.; Villanueva, Luis A.; Pyle, Richard L.; Clark, Malcolm R.; Georgian, Samuel E.; Morgan, Lance E. | 2021 | The Salas y G ? omez and Nazca ridges: A review of the importance, opportunities and challenges for protecting a global diversity hotspot on the high seas | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS110 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2021.740027 | Patrick, Samantha C.; Assink, Jelle D.; Basille, Mathieu; Clusella-Trullas, Susana; Clay, Thomas A.; den Ouden, Olivier F. C.; Joo, Rocio; Zeyl, Jeffrey N.; Benhamou, Simon; Christensen-Dalsgaard, Jakob; Evers, Laeslo G.; Fayet, Annette L.; Koeppl, Christine; Malkemper, E. Pascal; Lopez, Lucia Martina Martin; Padget, Oliver; Phillips, Richard A.; Prior, Mark K.; Smets, Pieter S. M.; van Loon, E. Emiel | 2021 | Infrasound as a Cue for Seabird Navigation | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS111 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2021.105305 | Gimenez, Joan; Canadas, Ana; de Stephanis, Renaud; Ramirez, Francisco | 2021 | Expanding protected areas to encompass the conservation of the endangered common dolphin (Delphinus delphis) in the Alboran Sea | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS112 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1444-4 | Queiroz, Nuno; Humphries, Nicolas E.; Couto, Ana; Vedor, Marisa; da Costa, Ivo; Sequeira, Ana M. M.; Mucientes, Gonzalo; Santos, Antonio M.; Abascal, Francisco J.; Abercrombie, Debra L.; Abrantes, Katya; Acuna-Marrero, David; Afonso, Andre S.; Afonso, Pedro; Anders, Darrell; Araujo, Gonzalo; Arauz, Randall; Bach, Pascal; Barnett, Adam; Bernal, Diego; Berumen, Michael L.; Lion, Sandra Bessudo; Bezerra, Natalia P. A.; Blaison, Antonin V.; Block, Barbara A.; Bond, Mark E.; Bonfil, Ramon; Bradford, Russell W.; Braun, Camrin D.; Brooks, Edward J.; Brooks, Annabelle; Brown, Judith; Bruce, Barry D.; Byrne, Michael E.; Campana, Steven E.; Carlisle, Aaron B.; Chapman, Demian D.; Chapple, Taylor K.; Chisholm, John; Clarke, Christopher R.; Clua, Eric G.; Cochran, Jesse E. M.; Crochelet, Estelle C.; Dagorn, Laurent; Daly, Ryan; Cortes, Daniel Devia; Doyle, Thomas K.; Drew, Michael; Duffy, Clinton A. J.; Erikson, Thor; Espinoza, Eduardo; Ferreira, Luciana C.; Ferretti, Francesco; Filmalter, John D.; Fischer, G. Chris; Fitzpatrick, Richard; Fontes, Jorge; Forget, Fabien; Fowler, Mark; Francis, Malcolm P.; Gallagher, Austin J.; Gennari, Enrico; Goldsworthy, Simon D.; Gollock, Matthew J.; Green, Jonathan R.; Gustafson, Johan A.; Guttridge, Tristan L.; Guzman, Hector M.; Hammerschlag, Neil; Harman, Luke; Hazin, Fabio H. V.; Heard, Matthew; Hearn, Alex R.; Holdsworth, John C.; Holmes, Bonnie J.; Howey, Lucy A.; Hoyos, Mauricio; Hueter, Robert E.; Hussey, Nigel E.; Huveneers, Charlie; Irion, Dylan T.; Jacoby, David M. P.; Jewell, Oliver J. D.; Johnson, Ryan; Jordan, Lance K. B.; Jorgensen, Salvador J.; Joyce, Warren; Daly, Clare A. Keating; Ketchum, James T.; Klimley, A. Peter; Kock, Alison A.; Koen, Pieter; Ladino, Felipe; Lana, Fernanda O.; Lea, James S. E.; Llewellyn, Fiona; Lyon, Warrick S.; MacDonnell, Anna; Macena, Bruno C. L.; Marshall, Heather; McAllister, Jaime D.; McAuley, Rory; Meyer, Michael A.; Morris, John J.; Nelson, Emily R.; Papastamatiou, Yannis P.; Patterson, Toby A.; Penaherrera-Palma, Cesar; Pepperell, Julian G.; Pierce, Simon J.; Poisson, Francois; Quintero, Lina Maria; Richardson, Andrew J.; Rogers, Paul J.; Rohner, Christoph A.; Rowat, David R. L.; Samoilys, Melita; Semmens, Jayson M.; Sheaves, Marcus; Shillinger, George; Shivji, Mahmood; Singh, Sarika; Skomal, Gregory B.; Smale, Malcolm J.; Snyders, Laurenne B.; Soler, German; Soria, Marc; Stehfest, Kilian M.; Stevens, John D.; Thorrold, Simon R.; Tolotti, Mariana T.; Towner, Alison; Travassos, Paulo; Tyminski, John P.; Vandeperre, Frederic; Vaudo, Jeremy J.; Watanabe, Yuuki Y.; Weber, Sam B.; Wetherbee, Bradley M.; White, Timothy D.; Williams, Sean; Zarate, Patricia M.; Harcourt, Robert; Hays, Graeme C.; Meekan, Mark G.; Thums, Michele; Irigoien, Xabier; Eguiluz, Victor M.; Duarte, Carlos M.; Sousa, Lara L.; Simpson, Samantha J.; Southall, Emily J.; Sims, David W. | 2019 | Global spatial risk assessment of sharks under the footprint of fisheries | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS113 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2117440119 | Womersley, Freya C.; Humphries, Nicolas E.; Queiroz, Nuno; Vedor, Marisa; da Costa, Ivo; Furtado, Miguel; Tyminski, John P.; Abrantes, Katya; Araujo, Gonzalo; Bach, Steffen S.; Barnett, Adam; Berumen, Michael L.; Bessudo Lion, Sandra; Braun, Camrin D.; Clingham, Elizabeth; Cochran, Jesse E. M.; de la Parra, Rafael; Diamant, Stella; Dove, Alistair D. M.; Dudgeon, Christine L.; Erdmann, Mark, V; Espinoza, Eduardo; Fitzpatrick, Richard; Gonzalez Cano, Jaime; Green, Jonathan R.; Guzman, Hector M.; Hardenstine, Royale; Hasan, Abdi; Hazin, Fabio H., V; Hearn, Alex R.; Hueter, Robert E.; Jaidah, Mohammed Y.; Labaja, Jessica; Ladino, Felipe; Macena, Bruno C. L.; Morris Jr, John J.; Norman, Bradley M.; Penaherrera-Palma, Cesar; Pierce, Simon J.; Quintero, Lina M.; Ramirez-Macias, Deni; Reynolds, Samantha D.; Richardson, Anthony J.; Robinson, David P.; Rohner, Christoph A.; Rowat, David R. L.; Sheaves, Marcus; Shivji, Mahmood S.; Sianipar, Abraham B.; Skomal, Gregory B.; Soler, German; Syakurachman, Ismail; Thorrold, Simon R.; Webb, D. Harry; Wetherbee, Bradley M.; White, Timothy D.; Clavelle, Tyler; Kroodsma, David A.; Thums, Michele; Ferreira, Luciana C.; Meekan, Mark G.; Arrowsmith, Lucy M.; Lester, Emily K.; Meyers, Megan M.; Peel, Lauren R.; Sequeira, Ana M. M.; Eguiluz, Victor M.; Duarte, Carlos M.; Sims, David W. | 2022 | Global collision-risk hotspots of marine traffic and the world's largest fish, the whale shark | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| WOS114 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/esr01169 | Jorgensen, Salvador J.; Micheli, Fiorenza; White, Timothy D.; Van Houtan, Kyle S.; Alfaro-Shigueto, Joanna; Andrzejaczek, Samantha; Arnoldi, Natalie S.; Baum, Julia K.; Block, Barbara; Britten, Gregory L.; Butner, Cheryl; Caballero, Susana; Cardenosa, Diego; Chapple, Taylor K.; Clarke, Shelley; Cortes, Enric; Dulvy, Nicholas K.; Fowler, Sarah; Gallagher, Austin J.; Gilman, Eric; Godley, Brendan J.; Graham, Rachel T.; Hammerschlag, Neil; Harry, Alastair, V; Heithaus, Michael R.; Hutchinson, Melanie; Huveneers, Charlie; Lowe, Chris G.; Lucifora, Luis O.; MacKeracher, Tracy; Mangel, Jeffrey C.; Martins, Ana Paula Barbosa; McCauley, Douglas J.; McClenachan, Loren; Mull, Christopher; Natanson, Lisa J.; Pauly, Daniel; Pazmino, Diana A.; Pistevos, Jennifer C. A.; Queiroz, Nuno; Roff, George; Shea, Brendan D.; Simpfendorfer, Colin A.; Sims, David W.; Ward-Paige, Christine; Worm, Boris; Ferretti, Francesco | 2022 | Emergent research and priorities for shark and ray conservation | WOS | 7/26/2024 |
| ID | DOI | AUTEURS | ANNEE | TITRE | SOURCE | DATE |
| GS001 | Nugent J | 2019 | Citizen Science: Collaborative Science Projects You Can Join: Global Fishing Watch | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS002 | de Vos A,Emmert S,Watch GF | Potential application of Automatic Identification System (AIS) data extracted from a public platform to monitor ship-strike of whales | GS | 7/24/2024 | ||
| GS003 | Malarky L,Lowell B | 2018 | Avoiding detection: Global case studies of possible AIS avoidance | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS004 | Kerry CR,Exeter OM,Witt MJ | 2022 | Monitoring global fishing activity in proximity to seamounts using automatic identification systems | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS005 | Winnard S,Hochberg T,Miller N,Kroodsma D,Small C,Augustyn P | 2018 | A new method using AIS data to obtain independent compliance data to determine mitigation use at sea | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS006 | Kalaiselvi VKG,Ranjani J,Sm VK,Others | 2022 | Illegal fishing detection using neural network | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS007 | Watch GF | 2020 | Fisheries Intelligence Report | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS008 | Hsu WW,Hong WS,Hu RH,Wang HH,Zhao JY | 2020 | A Framework to Learn Behaviours of Flag of Convenience Fishing Vessel Activities | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS009 | Stevens H | 2023 | How disappearing ships could hold the clue to stopping illegal fishing | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS010 | Block B,Ferretti F,White T,De Leo G,Hazen EL,Bograd SJ | 2016 | Assessing Anthropogenic Impacts on Tunas, Sharks and Billfishes with Direct Observations of Human Fishers on the High Seas | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS011 | Gutierrez M,Daniels A,Jobbins G | 2018 | Fishing for data | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS012 | Fishing AD | Overview of the Project Goals and Methodology | GS | 7/24/2024 | ||
| GS013 | Coro G,Pavirani L,Ellenbroek A | 2024 | Extracting Mediterranean Hidden Fishing Hotspots Through Big Data Mining | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS014 | Dunn DC,Jablonicky C,Crespo GO,McCauley DJ,Kroodsma DA,Boerder K,Gjerde KM,Halpin PN | 2018 | Empowering high seas governance with satellite vessel tracking data | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS015 | Jablonicky C,McCauley D,Kroodsma D,Boerder K,Dunn D | 2016 | Satellite tracking to monitor area-based management tools and identify governance gaps in fisheries beyond national jurisdiction | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS016 | Li ML,Ota Y,Underwood PJ,Reygondeau G,Seto K,Lam VW,Kroodsma D,Cheung WW | 2021 | Tracking industrial fishing activities in African waters from space | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS017 | Watson RA,Tidd A | 2018 | Mapping nearly a century and a half of global marine fishing: 1869--2015 | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS018 | White TD,Ong T,Ferretti F,Block BA,McCauley DJ,Micheli F,De Leo GA | 2020 | Tracking the response of industrial fishing fleets to large marine protected areas in the Pacific Ocean | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS019 | Belhabib D,Cheung WW,Kroodsma D,Lam VW,Underwood PJ,Virdin J | 2020 | Catching industrial fishing incursions into inshore waters of Africa from space | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS020 | Morgan NB,Baco AR | 2021 | Recent fishing footprint of the high-seas bottom trawl fisheries on the Northwestern Hawaiian Ridge and Emperor Seamount Chain: A finer-scale approach to a large-scale issue | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS021 | Woodill AJ,Kavanaugh M,Harte M,Watson JR | 2021 | Ocean seascapes predict distant-water fishing vessel incursions into exclusive economic zones | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS022 | Clark BL,Irigoin-Lovera C,Gonzales-DelCarpio DD,Diaz-Santibañez I,Votier SC,Zavalaga CB | 2022 | Interactions between anchovy fisheries and Peruvian boobies revealed by bird-borne cameras and movement loggers | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS023 | Watson R | 2019 | Global Fisheries Landings V4. 0 | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS024 | Carneiro APB,Dias MP,Oppel S,Pearmain EJ,Clark BL,Wood AG,Clavelle T,Phillips RA | 2022 | Integrating immersion with GPS data improves behavioural classification for wandering albatrosses and shows scavenging behind fishing vessels mirrors natural foraging | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS025 | Thompson DR,Goetz KT,Sagar PM,Torres LG,Kroeger CE,Sztukowski LA,Orben RA,Hoskins AJ,Phillips RA | 2021 | The year-round distribution and habitat preferences of Campbell albatross (Thalassarche impavida) | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS026 | Seto K,Miller N,Young M,Hanich Q | 2022 | Toward transparent governance of transboundary fisheries: The case of Pacific tuna transshipment | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS027 | Kroodsma D,Turner J,Luck C,Hochberg T,Miller N,Augustyn P,Prince S | 2023 | Global prevalence of setting longlines at dawn highlights bycatch risk for threatened albatross | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS028 | Watson R | Global Fisheries Landings V3. 0 [ARCHIVED VERSION] | GS | 7/24/2024 | ||
| GS029 | Frankish CK,Phillips RA,Clay TA,Somveille M,Manica A | 2020 | Environmental drivers of movement in a threatened seabird: insights from a mechanistic model and implications for conservation | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS030 | Xing Q,Yu H,Wang H,Ito SI,Chai F | 2023 | Mesoscale eddies modulate the dynamics of human fishing activities in the global midlatitude ocean | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS031 | Iacarella JC,Burke L,Clyde G,Wicks A,Clavelle T,Dunham A,Rubidge E,Woods P | 2023 | Application of AIS-and flyover-based methods to monitor illegal and legal fishing in Canada's Pacific marine conservation areas | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS032 | Vasudevan R,Chola C | 2024 | AI Based Approach for Transshipment Detection in the Maritime Domain | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS033 | Welch H,Clavelle T,White TD,Cimino MA,Van Osdel J,Hochberg T,Kroodsma D,Hazen EL | 2022 | Hotspots of Unseen Fishing Vessels Illuminate Areas of Concern for Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS034 | Guggisberg S | 2019 | The roles of nongovernmental actors in improving compliance with fisheries regulations | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS035 | Pereira JM,Ramos JA,Marques AM,Ceia FR,Krüger L,Votier SC,Paiva VH | 2021 | Low spatial overlap between foraging shearwaters during the breeding season and industrial fisheries off the west coast of Portugal | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS036 | Arnoldi NS,Carlisle AB,Andrzejaczek S,Castleton MR,Micheli F,Schallert RJ,White TD,Block BA | 2024 | Salmon shark seasonal site fidelity demonstrates the influence of scale on identifying potential high-use areas and vulnerabilities | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS037 | Morse M,McCauley D,Orofino S,Stears K,Mladjov S,Caselle J,Clavelle T,Freedman R | 2024 | Preferential selection of marine protected areas by the recreational scuba diving industry | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS038 | Zhao Z,Chen J,Shi Y,Hong F,Jiang G,Huang H,Zhao J | 2024 | HiTrip: Historical trajectory interpolation for trawlers via deep learning on multi-source data | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS039 | Betsill JD | 2017 | Small Vessel Smuggling of Nuclear and Radiological Material: Innovative Monitoring Approaches for Emerging Maritime Security Threat in the Indian Ocean Region | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS040 | Iacarella JC,Burke L,Clyde G,Wicks A,Clavelle T,Dunham A,Rubidge E,Woods P | 2023 | Monitoring temporal and spatial trends of illegal and legal fishing in marine conservation areas across Canada's three oceans | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS041 | Kuczenski B,Vargas Poulsen C,Gilman EL,Musyl M,Geyer R,Wilson J | 2022 | Plastic gear loss estimates from remote observation of industrial fishing activity | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS042 | Song AM,Scholtens J,Barclay K,Bush SR,Fabinyi M,Adhuri DS,Haughton M | 2020 | Collateral damage? Small-scale fisheries in the global fight against IUU fishing | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS043 | Robards MD,Silber GK,Adams JD,Arroyo J,Lorenzini D,Schwehr K,Amos J | 2016 | Conservation science and policy applications of the marine vessel Automatic Identification System (AIS)—a review | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS044 | Willis-Norton E,Mangin T,Schroeder DM,Cabral RB,Gaines SD | 2024 | A synthesis of socioeconomic and sociocultural indicators for assessing the impacts of offshore renewable energy on fishery participants and fishing communities | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS045 | Müller OJ,Peters K | 2024 | Positioning possibilities for human geographies of the sea: Automatic Identification Systems and its role in spatialising understandings of shipping | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS046 | Nomura KJ,Woodill AJ,Sweeney J,Harte M,Jameal FS,Watson JR | 2024 | Emergent geopolitical risks from fishing activities and past conflicts in the Pacific Ocean | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS047 | Guida R,Rodger M,Bissonauth V,Soreefan Z,Hurnath P,Matthews M,Elseoud A | 2023 | Nereus: A Space-Based Maritime Surveillance System for Fisheries Monitoring and Anomaly Detection | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS048 | Harden-Davies H | 2021 | Marine Technology Transfer | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS049 | Yap XS | Opportunities and Challenges of Space-based Infrastructures for Arctic governance: Assessment from an innovation system perspective | GS | 7/24/2024 | ||
| GS050 | Loveridge A,Elvidge CD,Kroodsma DA,White TD,Evans K,Kato A,Ropert-Coudert Y,Sommerfeld J,Takahashi A,Patchett R,Others | 2024 | Context-dependent changes in maritime traffic activity during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS051 | Hespanha JP,Garagić D | 2020 | Optimal Sensor Selection for Binary Detection based on Stochastic Submodular Optimization | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS052 | Rutter JD,Borrelle SB,Bose S,Carneiro APB,Clark BL,Debski I,Elliott G,Fischer JH,Walker K,Pittman SJ | 2024 | A probabilistic time geographic approach to quantifying seabird-vessel interactions | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS053 | Jing Y,Liu Y | 2024 | Spatiotemporally explicit risk assessment of fishing grounds in Asian waters | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS054 | Panunzi G,Moro S,Marques I,Martino S,Colloca F,Ferretti F,Jona Lasinio G | 2024 | Estimating the spatial distribution of the white shark in the Mediterranean Sea via an integrated species distribution model accounting for physical barriers | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS055 | Fromant A,Collet J,Vansteenberghe C,Musseau R,Filippi D,Delord K,Barbraud C | 2024 | Fine-scale behaviour and population estimates suggest low exposure but do not exclude high sensitivity to bycatch for Endangered sooty albatrosses | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS056 | Spedicato MT,Cannas R,Mahe K,Morales B,Tsigenopoulos C,Zane L,Kavadas S,Maina I,Scarcella G,Sartor P,Others | 2021 | Study on advancing fisheries assessment and management advice in the Mediterranean by aligning biological and management units of priority species. MED_UNITs | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS057 | Patel SH | KAREN L. JONES | GS | 7/24/2024 | ||
| GS058 | Vince J,Hardesty BD,Wilcox C | 2021 | Progress and challenges in eliminating illegal fishing | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS059 | Rodríguez JP,Klemm K,Duarte CM,Eguíluz VM | 2024 | Shipping traffic through the Arctic Ocean: spatial distribution, temporal evolution and its dependence on the sea ice extent | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS060 | Fischer JH,Debski I,Spitz DB,Taylor GA,Wittmer HU | 2021 | Year-round offshore distribution, behaviour, and overlap with commercial fisheries of a Critically Endangered small petrel | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS061 | Bernabé P,Gotlieb A,Legeard B,Marijan D,Sem-Jacobsen FO,Spieker H | 2023 | Detecting Intentional AIS Shutdown in Open Sea Maritime Surveillance Using Self-Supervised Deep Learning | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS062 | Yang S,Wang L,Fei Y,Zhang S,Yu L,Zhang H,Wang F,Wu Y,Wu Z,Wang W,Others | 2024 | Spatio-temporal variability of fishing habitat suitability to tuna purse seine fleet in the Western and Central Pacific Ocean | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS063 | Zec M,Mihalić I,Engelen D | 2023 | REPORT ABOUT SEABIRD AND FISHERIES INTERACTION: EXPLORATIVE BYCATCH RISK ANALYSES | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS064 | Rance L | Bottom trawling in UK’s marine reserves, legally, is apparently a thing | GS | 7/24/2024 | ||
| GS065 | Watson JR,Woodill AJ | 2022 | Detecting illegal maritime activities from anomalous multiscale fleet behaviours | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS066 | Recio-Blanco X,Amos J,Carney W,Goldberg M | 2019 | Technology and the seas: enforcement in marine protected areas | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS067 | Hespanha JP,Garagić D | 2019 | Sensor-reveal games | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS068 | Li H,Jia P,Wang X,Yang Z,Wang J,Kuang H | 2023 | Ship carbon dioxide emission estimation in coastal domestic emission control areas using high spatial-temporal resolution data: A China case | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS069 | Rodger M,Guida R | 2023 | Revealing Dark Vessels in the Mauritius Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) Using Multi-Temporal SAR and AIS Data | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS070 | McCarthy N,CaJacob D,Kawamoto D | 2017 | Eating Your Own Big-Data Dogfood: Exquisite Collection with Non-Exquisite Hardware | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS071 | Widjaja S,Long T,Wirajuda H,Van As H,Bergh PE,Brett A,Copeland D,Fernandez M,Gusman A,Juwana S,Others | 2023 | Illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and associated drivers | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS072 | Filippi DP,Elliott G | 2022 | Use of Innovative Tag Technology to Examine Foraging Patterns of Seabirds and Association with Fishing Vessels | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS073 | Rowlanda Z | 2022 | Analysis of the impact of volcanic eruptions on fishery resources using Earth Observation data Zachary Rowlanda*, Minh-Trang Nguyen Thib, Georgia Christodoulouc, Eva Fernández-Rodríguezd*, Chukwuma J | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS074 | Díaz H,Soares CG | 2020 | An integrated GIS approach for site selection of floating offshore wind farms in the Atlantic continental European coastline | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS075 | Mazurek R,Burroughs L | WHO’S IN YOUR BACKYARD? | GS | 7/24/2024 | ||
| GS076 | Dudev E,Meijer M | Detecting suspicious ship outages in the AIS protocol | GS | 7/24/2024 | ||
| GS077 | Delord K,Poupart T,Gasco N,Weimerskirch H,Barbraud C | 2022 | First evidence of migration across the South Pacific in endangered Amsterdam albatross and conservation implications | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS078 | Kapsar K,Sullender B,Liu J,Poe A | 2022 | North Pacific and Arctic marine traffic dataset (2015--2020) | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS079 | Acuña Barros JA | 2018 | Feasibility study on the expansion to phases 2 and 3 of the global record of fishing vessels, refrigerated transport vessels and supply vessels | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS080 | Bunwaree P | 2023 | The illegality of fishing vessels ‘going dark’and methods of deterrence | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS081 | Gimeno M,Giménez J,Chiaradia A,Davis LS,Seddon PJ,Ropert-Coudert Y,Reisinger RR,Coll M,Ramírez F | 2024 | Climate and human stressors on global penguin hotspots: Current assessments for future conservation | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS082 | Oloruntobi O,Chuah LF,Mokhtar K,Gohari A,Rady A,Abo-Eleneen RE,Akhtar MS,Mubashir M | 2024 | Decarbonising ASEAN coastal shipping: Addressing climate change and coastal ecosystem issues through sustainable carbon neutrality strategies | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS083 | Walton GW,Keen M,Hanich Q | 2022 | Can greater transparency improve the sustainability of Pacific fisheries? | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS084 | Bonnet-Lebrun AS,Catry P,Clark TJ,Campioni L,Kuepfer A,Tierny M,Kilbride E,Wakefield ED | 2020 | Habitat preferences, foraging behaviour and bycatch risk among breeding sooty shearwaters Ardenna grisea in the Southwest Atlantic | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS085 | Coro G,Tassetti AN,Armelloni EN,Pulcinella J | COVID-19 lockdowns reveal the resilience of Adriatic Sea fisheries to forced fishing effort reduction-Supplementary Information | GS | 7/24/2024 | ||
| GS086 | De Santo EM | 2018 | Implementation challenges of area-based management tools (ABMTs) for biodiversity beyond national jurisdiction (BBNJ) | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS087 | Vilas D,Coll M,Corrales X,Steenbeek J,Piroddi C,Macias D,Ligas A,Sartor P,Claudet J | 2021 | Current and potential contributions of the Gulf of Lion Fisheries Restricted Area to fisheries sustainability in the NW Mediterranean Sea | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS088 | Ebrahimirad AA | 2024 | Technologies of Transparency: The Role of Information and Communications Technologies in Promoting Labour Rights in Distant Water Fisheries | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS089 | Frawley TH,Muhling B,Brodie S,Blondin H,Welch H,Arostegui MC,Bograd SJ,Braun CD,Cimino MA,Farchadi N,Others | 2024 | Dynamic human, oceanographic, and ecological factors mediate transboundary fishery overlap across the Pacific high seas | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS090 | Gutierrez M,Lemma A,Gutierrez G,Montenegro C | 2024 | Fishy Business | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS091 | Drinkwin J | 2022 | Reporting and retrieval of lost fishing gear: recommendations for developing effective programmes | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS092 | Phillips-Levine T,Phillips-Levine D,Mills W | Tag Archives: featured | GS | 7/24/2024 | ||
| GS093 | Read AD,McBride C,Spencer T,Anderson P,Smith J,Costa T,Clementz S,Dowd A | 2019 | Preventing noncompliance in marine protected areas using a real-time alert system | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS094 | Bargnesi F,Moro S,Leone A,Giovos I,Ferretti F | 2022 | New technologies can support data collection on endangered shark species in the Mediterranean Sea | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS095 | Telesetsky A | 2014 | Scuttling IUU fishing and rewarding sustainable fishing: Enhancing the effectiveness of the port state measures agreement with trade-related measures | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS096 | Hassan A,Khokhar SS | 2024 | Internet of Things-Enabled Vessel Monitoring System for Enhanced Maritime Safety and Tracking at Sea | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS097 | Darby JH,de Grissac S,Arneill GE,Pirotta E,Waggitt JJ,Börger L,Shepard E,Cabot D,Owen E,Bolton M,Others | 2021 | Foraging distribution of breeding northern fulmars is predicted by commercial fisheries | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS098 | Van As H,Bergh PE,Brett A,Copeland D,Fernandez M,Gusman A,Juwana S,Ruchimat T,Trent S,Wilcox C | Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing and Associated Drivers | GS | 7/24/2024 | ||
| GS099 | Pécastaing N,Salavarriga J | 2022 | The potential impact of fishing in peruvian marine protected areas (MPAs) on artisanal fishery poverty during El Niño events | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS100 | Rousseau Y | 2020 | Predicting the future of global seafood production | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS101 | Pacific MA | 2021 | The quantification of illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing in the Pacific Islands region--A 2020 update | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS102 | Chawla AK,Pvsm A,Nm VSM,Suri CG | Maritime Domain Awareness (MDA) in the Indo-Pacific and the Way Ahead for Indo-Pacific Partnership for MDA (IPMDA) | GS | 7/24/2024 | ||
| GS103 | Mao X,Meng Z | 2022 | Decarbonizing China’s coastal shipping: The role of fuel efficiency and low-carbon fuels | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS104 | Morgan NB | 2021 | A Multiple Scale Approach to Understand Connectivity and Fragmentation of Seamount Megafaunal Assemblages in the North Pacific | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS105 | Vilás González D,Coll M,Corrales X,Steenbeek J,Piroddi C,Macías D,Ligas A,Sartor P,Claudet J | 2021 | Current and potential contributions of the Gulf of Lion Fisheries Restricted Area to fisheries sustainability in the NW Mediterranean Sea | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS106 | Statistics CW | FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Report No. 1213 FIAS/R1213 (En) | GS | 7/24/2024 | ||
| GS107 | Pierucci A,Xuan AN,Kraan C,Bradshaw C,Garcia C,Mangano MC,Smith C,van Denderen D,Connor D,Punzo E,Others | 2022 | Working Group on Fisheries Benthic Impact and Trade-offs (WGFBIT; outputs from 2021 meeting) | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS108 | Morales NA,Heidemeyer M,Bauer R,Hernández S,Acuña E,van Gennip SJ,Friedlander AM,Gaymer CF | 2021 | Residential movements of top predators in Chile’s most isolated marine protected area: Implications for the conservation of the Galapagos shark, Carcharhinus galapagensis, and the yellowtail amberjack, Seriola lalandi | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS109 | Wright G,Rochette J,Gjerde K,Seeger I | 2018 | The long and winding road: negotiating a treaty for the conservation and sustainable use of marine biodiversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS110 | Solway H | 2023 | Assessing changing Baleen whale distributions and incidents relative to vessel activity | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS111 | Kannell D | 2023 | Essays in Environmental and Resource Economics | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS112 | Bakker K | 2024 | Gaia's Web: How Digital Environmentalism Can Combat Climate Change, Restore Biodiversity, Cultivate Empathy, and Regenerate the Earth | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS113 | Paradis Vilar S | 2020 | Physical and Biogeochemical Impacts of Deep Bottom Trawling in Sedimentary Environments of the Western Mediterranean | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS114 | Crespo GA | 2020 | Opportunities for Enhancing an Ecosystem-based Approach to Pelagic Fisheries Management in the High Seas | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS115 | Chevrot A | 2022 | Detection of contextual anomalies in air traffic data using neural network models | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS116 | Cabanelas AM,Quelch GD,Von Kistowski K,Young M,Carrara G,Aneiros AR,Artés RF,Ásmundsson S,Kuemlangan B,Camilleri M | 2020 | Transshipment: a closer look An in-depth study in support of the development of international guidelines | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS117 | Almpanidou V,Doxa A,Mazaris AD | 2021 | Combining a cumulative risk index and species distribution data to identify priority areas for marine biodiversity conservation in the Black Sea | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS118 | Baldwin CW,Palin PJ,Nieto-Gomez R,Day J | 2016 | Deterrence Impact Modeling Environment (DIME) Proof-of-Concept Test Evaluations and Findings | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS119 | Rotjan RD | 2019 | evidence and patterns of tuna spawning inside a large no-take Marine protected Area | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS120 | Granholm G,Aarsæther KG,Uriondo Z,Quincozes I,Jensen JH,Haugen J | 2017 | D3. 1 Fishery Pilot Definition | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS121 | Leung L | 2023 | Should There Be a Negligence Exception to the Autonomy Principle for Letters of Credit? | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS122 | Darby J | 2023 | Ollscoil na hÉireann, Corcaigh | GS | 7/24/2024 | |
| GS123 | Darby J | 2023 | How seabirds respond to a changing oceanic environment: a | GS | 7/24/2024 |
| ID | DOI | AUTEURS | ANNEE | TITRE | SOURCE | DATE |
| GFW001 | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-06825-8 | Fernando S. Paolo, David Kroodsma, Jennifer Raynor, Tim Hochberg, Pete Davis, Jesse Cleary, Luca Marsaglia, Sara Orofino, Christian Thomas, Patrick Halpin | 2024 | Satellite mapping reveals extensive industrial activity at sea | GFW | 7/29/2024 |
| GFW002 | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2023.110026 | David Kroodsma, Joanna Turner, Cian Luck, Tim Hochberg, Nathan Miller, Philip Augustyn, Stephanie Prince | 2023 | Global prevalence of setting longlines at dawn highlights bycatch risk for threatened albatross | GFW | 7/29/2024 |
| GFW003 | https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.add8125 | Katherine L. Seto, Nathan A. Miller, David Kroodsma, Quentin Hanich, Masanori Miyahara, Rui Saito, Kristina Boerder, Masaki Tsuda, Yoshioki Oozeki, Osvaldo Urrutia S. | 2023 | Fishing through the cracks: The unregulated nature of global squid fisheries | GFW | 7/29/2024 |
| GFW004 | https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abp8200 | Jaeyoon Park, Jennifer Van Osdel, Joanna Turner, Courtney M. Farthing, Nathan A. Miller, Hannah L. Linder, Guillermo Ortuño Crespo, Gabrielle Carmine, David A. Kroodsma | 2023 | Tracking elusive and shifting identities of the global fishing fleet | GFW | 7/29/2024 |
| GFW005 | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-23688-7 | David A. Kroodsma, Timothy Hochberg, Pete B. Davis, Fernando S. Paolo, Rocío Joo, Brian A. Wong | 2022 | Revealing the global longline fleet with satellite radar | GFW | 7/29/2024 |
| GFW006 | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109796 | Ana P.B. Carneiro, Bethany L. Clark, Elizabeth J. Pearmain, Tyler Clavelle, Andrew G. Wood, Richard A. Phillips | 2022 | Fine-scale associations between wandering albatrosses and fisheries in the southwest Atlantic Ocean | GFW | 7/29/2024 |
| GFW007 | https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abq2109 | Heather Welch, Tyler Clavelle, Timothy D. White, Megan A. Cimino, Jennifer Van Osdel, Timothy Hochberg, David Kroodsma, Elliott L. Hazen | 2022 | Hot spots of unseen fishing vessels | GFW | 7/29/2024 |
| GFW008 | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2022.106265 | Juan A. Silva, María Ignacia Rivera-Hechem, Corinna Hong, Gage Clawson, Barbara Rose Hoover, Thomas Butera, Rodrigo Oyanedel, Gavin McDonald, Raymond Jakub, Umi Muawanah, Armen Zulham, Aki Baihaki, Christopher Costello | 2022 | Assessing the drivers of vessel tracking systems adoption for improved small-scale fisheries management | GFW | 7/29/2024 |
| GFW009 | https://doi.org/10.1111/acv.12768 | A P B Carneiro, M P Dias, S Oppel, E J Pearmain, B L Clark, A G Wood, T Clavelle, R A Phillips | 2022 | Integrating immersion with GPS data improves behavioural classification for wandering albatrosses and shows scavenging behind fishing vessels mirrors natural foraging | GFW | 7/29/2024 |
| GFW010 | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-28916-2 | Elizabeth R. Selig, Shinnosuke Nakayama, Colette C. C. Wabnitz, Henrik Österblom, Jessica Spijkers, Nathan A. Miller, Jan Bebbington, Jessica L. Decker Sparks | 2022 | Revealing global risks of labor abuse and illegal, unreported, and unregulated fishing | GFW | 7/29/2024 |
| GFW011 | https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2117440119 | Freya C. Womersley, Nicolas E. Humphries, Nuno Queiroz, Marisa Vedor, Ivo da Costa, Miguel Furtado, John P. Tyminski, Katya Abrantes, Gonzalo Araujo, Steffen S. Bach, Adam Barnett, Michael L. Berumen, Sandra Bessudo Lion, Camrin D. Braun, Elizabeth Clingham, Jesse E. M. Cochran, Rafael de la Parra, Stella Diamant, Alistair D. M. Dove, Christine L. Dudgeon, Mark V. Erdmann, Eduardo Espinoza, Richard Fitzpatrick, Jaime Gonzalez Cano, Jonathan R. Green, Hector M. Guzman, Royale Hardenstine, Abdi Hasan, Fabio H. V. Hazin, Alex R. Hearn, Robert E. Hueter, Mohammed Y. Jaidah, Jessica Labaja, Felipe Ladino, Bruno C. L. Macena, John J. Morris Jr., Bradley M. Norman, Cesar Penaherrera-Palma, Simon J. Pierce, Lina M. Quintero, Deni Ramirez-Macias, Samantha D. Reynolds, Anthony J. Richardson, David P. Robinson, Christoph A. Rohner, David R. L. Rowat, Marcus Sheaves, Mahmood S. Shivji, Abraham B. Sianipar, Gregory B. Skomal, German Soler, Ismail Syakurachman, Simon R. Thorrold, D. Harry Webb, Bradley M. Wetherbee, Timothy D. White, Tyler Clavelle, David A. Kroodsma, Michele Thums, Luciana C. Ferreira, Mark G. Meekan, Lucy M. Arrowsmith, Emily K. Lester, Megan M. Meyers, Lauren R. Peel, Ana M. M. Sequeira, Victor M. Eguiluz, Carlos M. Duarte,David W. Sims |
2022 | Global collision-risk hotspots of marine traffic and the world’s largest fish, the whale shark | GFW | 7/29/2024 |
| GFW012 | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2021.104922 | Alejandro J. Garcia Lozano, Jessica L. Decker Sparks, Davina P. Durgana, Courtney M. Farthing, Juno Fitzpatrick, Birgitte Krough-Poulsen, Gavin McDonald, Sara McDonald, Yoshitaka Ota, Nicole Sarto, Andres M. Cisneros-Montemayor, Gabrielle Lout, Elena Finkbeiner, John N. Kittinger | 2022 | Decent work in fisheries: Current trends and key considerations for future research and policy | GFW | 7/29/2024 |
| GFW013 | https://doi.org/10.1111/faf.12555 | Mi-Ling Li, Yoshitaka Ota, Philip J. Underwood, Gabriel Reygondeau, Katherine Seto, Vicky W. Y. Lam, David Kroodsma, William W. L. Cheung | 2021 | Tracking industrial fishing activities in African waters from space | GFW | 7/29/2024 |
| GFW014 | https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.13849 | Rachael A. Orben, Josh Adams, Michelle Hester, Scott A. Shaffer, Robert M. Suryan, Tomohiro Deguchi, Kiyoaki Ozaki, Fumio Sato, Lindsay C. Young, Corey Clatterbuck, Melinda G. Conners, David A. Kroodsma, Leigh G. Torres | 2021 | Across borders: External factors and prior behaviour influence North Pacific albatross associations with fishing vessels | GFW | 7/29/2024 |
| GFW015 | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03371-z | Enric Sala, Juan Mayorga, Darcy Bradley, Reniel B. Cabral, Trisha B. Atwood, Arnaud Auber, William Cheung, Christopher Costello, Francesco Ferretti, Alan M. Friedlander, Steven D. Gaines, Cristina Garilao, Whitney Goodell, Benjamin S. Halpern, Audra Hinson, Kristin Kaschner, Kathleen Kesner-Reyes, Fabien Leprieur, Jennifer McGowan, Lance E. Morgan, David Mouillot, Juliano Palacios-Abrantes, Hugh P. Possingham, Kristin D. Rechberger, Boris Worm & Jane Lubchenco | 2021 | Protecting the global ocean for biodiversity, food and climate | GFW | 7/29/2024 |
| GFW016 | https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2016238117 | Gavin G. McDonald, Christopher Costello, Jennifer Bone, Reniel B. Cabral, Valerie Farabee, Timothy Hochberg, David Kroodsma, Tracey Mangin, Kyle C. Meng, Oliver Zahn | 2020 | Satellites can reveal global extent of forced labor in the world’s fishing fleet | GFW | 7/29/2024 |
| GFW017 | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oneear.2020.11.017 | Gabrielle Carmine, Juan Mayorga, Nathan A. Miller, Jaeyoon Park, Patrick N. Halpin, Guillermo Ortuno Crespo, Henrik Osterblom, Enric Sala, Jennifer Jacquet | 2020 | Who is the high seas fishing industry? | GFW | 7/29/2024 |
| GFW018 | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2020.104200 | Katherine Seto, Nathan Miller, Mark Young, Quentin Hanich | 2020 | Toward transparent governance of transboundary fisheries: The case of Pacific tuna transshipment | GFW | 7/29/2024 |
| GFW019 | https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.13584 | Timothy D. White, Tiffany Ong, Francesco Ferretti, Barbara A. Block, Douglas J. McCauley, Fiorenza Micheli, Giulio A. De Leo | 2020 | Tracking the response of industrial fishing fleets to large marine protected areas in the Pacific Ocean | GFW | 7/29/2024 |
| GFW020 | https://doi.org/10.1007/s11625-020-00865-z | Christopher Costello, Katherine Millage, Sabrina Eisenbarth, Elsa Galarza, Gakushi Ishimura, Laura Lea Rubino, Vienna Saccomanno, U. Rashid Sumaila & Kent Strauss | 2020 | Ambitious subsidy reform by the WTO presents opportunities for ocean health restoration | GFW | 7/29/2024 |
| GFW021 | https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abb1197 | Jaeyoon Park, Jungsam Lee, Katherine Seto, Timothy Hochberg, Brian A. Wong, Nathan A. Miller, Kenji Takasaki, Hiroshi Kubota, Yoshioki Oozeki, Sejal Doshi, Maya Midzik, Quentin Hanich, Brian Sullivan, Paul Woods, David A. Kroodsma | 2020 | Illuminating dark fishing fleets in North Korea | GFW | 7/29/2024 |
| GFW022 | https://doi.org/10.1038/s43016-020-0121-y | Tony Long, Sjarief Widjaja, Hassan Wirajuda, Stephanie Juwana | 2020 | Approaches to combatting illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing | GFW | 7/29/2024 |
| GFW023 | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2020.103927 | Morgan E. Visalli, Benjamin D. Best, Reniel B. Cabral, William W.L. Cheung, Nichola A. Clark, Cristina Garilao, Kristin Kaschner, Kathleen Kesner-Reyes, Vicky W., Y. Lam, Sara M. Maxwell, Juan Mayorga, Holly V. Moeller, Lance Morgan, Guillermo Ortuno Crespo, Malin L. Pinsky, Timothy D. White, Douglas J. McCauley | 2020 | Data-driven approach for highlighting priority areas for protection in marine areas beyond national jurisdiction | GFW | 7/29/2024 |
| GFW024 | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41893-019-0459-z | Villaseñor-Derbez J.C., Lynham J., Costello C | 2020 | Environmental market design for large-scale marine conservation | GFW | 7/29/2024 |
| GFW025 | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-14588-3 | John Lynham, Anton Nikolaev, Jennifer Raynor, Thaís Vilela, Juan Carlos Villaseñor-Derbez | 2020 | Impact of two of the world's largest protected areas on longline fishery catch rates | GFW | 7/29/2024 |
| GFW026 | https://doi.org/10.1111/faf.12436 | Dyhia Belhabib, William W. L. Cheung, David Kroodsma, Vicky W. Y. Lam, Philip J. Underwood, John Virdin | 2019 | Catching industrial fishing incursions into inshore waters of Africa from space | GFW | 7/29/2024 |
| GFW027 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/handle/20.500.14283/ca7012en | Taconet M., Kroodsma D., Fernandes J. | 2019 | Global atlas of AIS-based fishing activity | GFW | 7/29/2024 |
| GFW028 | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41893-019-0389-9 | Gabriel Englander | 2019 | Property rights and the protection of global marine resources | GFW | 7/29/2024 |
| GFW029 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00509 | Galbraith Eric D., Le Mézo Priscilla, Solanes Hernandez Gerard, Bianchi Daniele, Kroodsma David | 2019 | Growth Limitation of Marine Fish by Low Iron Availability in the Open Ocean | GFW | 7/29/2024 |
| GFW030 | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1444-4 | Queiroz, N., Humphries, N.E., Couto, A. et al. | 2019 | Global spatial risk assessment of sharks under the footprint of fisheries | GFW | 7/29/2024 |
| GFW031 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0216819 | Jérôme Guiet , Eric Galbraith, David Kroodsma, Boris Worm | 2019 | Seasonal variability in global industrial fishing effort | GFW | 7/29/2024 |
| GFW032 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11090995 | Feng-Chi Hsu, Christopher D. Elvidge, Kimberly Baugh, Mikhail Zhizhin, Tilottama Ghosh, David Kroodsma, Adi Susanto, Wiryawan Budy, Mochammad Riyanto, Ridwan Nurzeha, Yeppi Sudarja | 2019 | Cross-Matching VIIRS Boat Detections with Vessel Monitoring System Tracks in Indonesia | GFW | 7/29/2024 |
| GFW033 | https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aau3761 | Timothy D. White, Francesco Ferretti, David A. Kroodsma, Elliott L. Hazen, Aaron B. Carlisle, Kylie L. Scales, Steven J. Bograd, Barbara A. Block | 2019 | Predicted hotspots of overlap between highly migratory fishes and industrial fishing fleets in the northeast Pacific | GFW | 7/29/2024 |
| GFW034 | https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aau0561 | Manuel Dureuil, Kristina Boerder, Kirsti A. Burnett, Rainer Froese, Boris Worm | 2018 | Elevated trawling inside protected areas undermines conservation outcomes in a global fishing hot spot | GFW | 7/29/2024 |
| GFW035 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0201640 | Jessica H. Ford, David Peel, David Kroodsma, Britta Denise Hardesty, Uwe Rosebrock, Chris Wilcox | 2018 | Detecting suspicious activities at sea based on anomalies in Automatic Identification Systems transmissions | GFW | 7/29/2024 |
| GFW036 | https://doi.org/10.1111/conl.12610 | Darcy Bradley, Juan Mayorga, Douglas J. McCauley, Reniel B. Cabral, Patric Douglas, Steven D. Gaines | 2018 | Leveraging satellite technology to create true shark sanctuaries | GFW | 7/29/2024 |
| GFW037 | https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1802862115 | Grant R. McDermott, Kyle C. Meng, Gavin G. McDonald, Christopher J. Costello | 2018 | The blue paradox: Preemptive overfishing in marine reserves | GFW | 7/29/2024 |
| GFW038 | https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aat7789 | David A. Kroodsma, Juan Mayorga, Timothy Hochberg, Nathan A. Miller, Kristina Boerder, Francesco Ferretti, Alex Wilson, Bjorn Bergman, Timothy D. White, Barbara A. Block, Paul Woods, Brian Sullivan, Christopher Costello, Boris Worm | 2018 | Response to Comment on “Tracking the global footprint of fisheries” | GFW | 7/29/2024 |
| GFW039 | https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aat3681 | Guillermo Ortuño Crespo, Daniel C. Dunn, Gabriel Reygondeau, Kristina Boerder, Boris Worm, William Cheung, Derek P. Tittensor, Patrick N. Halpin | 2018 | The environmental niche of the global high seas pelagic longline fleet | GFW | 7/29/2024 |
| GFW040 | https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aau2161 | Douglas J. McCauley , Caroline Jablonicky, Edward H. Allison, Christopher D. Golden, Francis H. Joyce, Juan Mayorga, David Kroodsma | 2018 | Wealthy countries dominate industrial fishing | GFW | 7/29/2024 |
| GFW041 | https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aat7159 | Kristina Boerder, Nathan A. Miller, Boris Worm | 2018 | Global hot spots of transshipment of fish catch at sea | GFW | 7/29/2024 |
| GFW042 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2018.00240 | Miller NA, Roan A, Hochberg T, Amos J, Kroodsma DA | 2018 | Identifying Global Patterns of Transshipment Behavior | GFW | 7/29/2024 |
| GFW043 | https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aat2504 | Enric Sala, Juan Mayorga, Christopher Costello, David Kroodsma, Maria L. D. Palomares, Daniel Pauly, U. Rashid Sumaila, Dirk Zeller | 2018 | The economics of fishing the high seas | GFW | 7/29/2024 |
| GFW044 | https://doi.org/10.1111/faf.12285 | Daniel C Dunn, Caroline Jablonicky, Guillermo O Crespo, Douglas J McCauley, David A Kroodsma, Kristina Boerder, Kristina M Gjerde, Patrick N Halpin | 2018 | Empowering high seas governance with satellite vessel tracking data | GFW | 7/29/2024 |
| GFW045 | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-018-0499-1 | Cabral R.B., Mayorga J., Clemence M. et al. | 2018 | Rapid and lasting gains from solving illegal fishing | GFW | 7/29/2024 |
| GFW046 | https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aao5646 | David A. Kroodsma, Juan Mayorga, Timothy Hochberg, Nathan A. Miller, Kristina Boerder, Francesco Ferretti, Alex Wilson, Bjorn Bergman, Timothy D. White, Barbara A. Block, Paul Woods, Brian Sullivan, Christopher Costello, Boris Worm | 2018 | Tracking the global footprint of fisheries | GFW | 7/29/2024 |
| GFW047 | https://globalfishingwatch.org/wp-content/uploads/GlobalViewOfTransshipment_Aug2017.pdf | Kroodsma D.A., Miller N.A., Roan A. | 2017 | The Global View of Transshipment: Revised Preliminary Findings. Global Fishing Watch, SkyTruth | GFW | 7/29/2024 |
| GFW048 | https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000246839_eng | Kroodsma D.A., Sullivan B. | 2016 | Protecting Marine World Heritage from space | GFW | 7/29/2024 |
| GFW049 | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2017.01.009 | Timothy D. White, Aaron B. Carlisle, David A. Kroodsma, Barbara A. Block, Renato Casagrandi, Giulio A. De Leo, Marino Gatto, Fiorenza Micheli, Douglas J. McCauley | 2017 | Assessing the effectiveness of a large marine protected area for reef shark conservation | GFW | 7/29/2024 |
| GFW050 | https://nereusprogram.org/works/policy-brief-satellite-tracking-to-monitor-area-based-management-tools-identify-governance-gaps-in-fisheries-beyond-national-jurisdiction/ | Caroline Jablonicky, Doug McCauley, David Kroodsma, Kristina Boerder, Daniel Dunn | 2016 | Satellite tracking to monitor area-based management tools & identify governance gaps in fisheries beyond national jurisdiction | GFW | 7/29/2024 |
| GFW051 | http://dx.doi.org/10.5343/bms.2015.1034 | MD Robards, GK Silber, JD Adams, J Arroyo, D Lorenzini, K Schwehr, J Amos | 2016 | Conservation science and policy applications of the marine vessel Automatic Identification System (AIS)—a review | GFW | 7/29/2024 |
| GFW052 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0158248 | Erico N. de Souza, Kristina Boerder, Stan Matwin, Boris Worm | 2016 | Improving Fishing Pattern Detection from Satellite AIS Using Data Mining and Machine Learning | GFW | 7/29/2024 |
| GFW053 | https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aad5686 | Douglas J. McCauley , Paul Woods, Brian Sullivan, Bjorn Bergman, Caroline Jablonicky, Aaron Roan, Michael Hirshfield, Kristina Boerder, Boris Worm | 2016 | Ending hide and seek at sea | GFW | 7/29/2024 |
| ID | DOI | AUTEURS | ANNEE | TITRE | SOURCE | DATE | LIEN |
| FAO001 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cd1554en | FAO | 2024 | Forum on fisheries science in the Mediterranean and the Black Sea: Scaling up science for effective fisheries management | FAO | 2024 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/0f814fdf-51c9-4a29-aef0-36680beb81cc/full |
| FAO002 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cd0054en | Welch, E.; Louafi, S.; De Donà, M.; Xuan Nguyen, A.; Raab, K.; | 2024 | Global science–policy interfaces related to agrifood systems: a desktop review of structures and common patterns | FAO | 2024 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/c3d56f5b-0c9a-4b7d-96a3-0c9effaf2843/full |
| FAO003 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cd0320en | FAO | 2024 | Strategic roadmap of surveillance for fisheries resources | FAO | 2024 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/e3bff2a2-4021-47da-95c5-ffe959d01698/full |
| FAO004 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cc7657en | FAO; CITES; | 2024 | Technical report on the regional workshop on the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), fisheries, and legal acquisition findings with Latin American and Caribbean countries | FAO | 2024 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/cd989196-503d-4609-b837-b4ef5e9d5861/full |
| FAO005 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cc8652en | FAO | 2024 | Report of the twenty-fourth session of the Scientific Advisory Committee on Fisheries, FAO headquarters, Rome, Italy, 20–23 June 2023 | FAO | 2024 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/4e2d6a03-af93-491b-8506-c6f98d6f2893/full |
| FAO006 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cd0033en | FAO | 2024 | Report of the fifth meeting of the WECAFC Working Group on Fisheries using Anchored (or Moored) Fish Aggregating Devices (aFADs), Roseau, Dominica and Virtual meeting, 17–19 April 2023 | FAO | 2024 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/1f7b4c04-852a-4375-91d6-6f4294a4b886/full |
| FAO007 | 2024 | Committee on Fisheries. Sub-Committee on Fisheries Management. First Session. Written Correspondence Procedure: 22 November–22 December 2023. Virtual Plenary Sessions: 15–18 January 2024. List of participants | FAO | 2024 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/b4ad9470-025c-4614-ae1d-8e4cd32b0ef1/full | ||
| FAO008 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cc6667en | FAO | 2023 | Report of the Fourth Meeting of the Parties to the Agreement on Port State Measures to Prevent, Deter and Eliminate Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing | FAO | 2024 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/0d4611eb-e931-4e71-8ce5-53e08daa6942/full |
| FAO009 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cc9045en | FAO | 2023 | Report of the fourth meeting of the Part 6 Working Group established by the Parties to the Agreement on Port State Measures to Prevent, Deter and Eliminate Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing, Rome, 4 April 2023 | FAO | 2024 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/de805f3c-e859-4ac8-81e2-72224dc0cd88/full |
| FAO010 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cc7783en | FAO | 2023 | Report of the third meeting of the Agreement on Port State Measures (PSMA) Open-Ended Technical Working Group on Information Exchange, Rome, 13–14 December 2022 | FAO | 2024 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/07ff9912-8812-4623-9617-166127c1534a/full |
| FAO011 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cc7449en | FAO | 2023 | Report of the first meeting of the Strategy ad hoc Working Group, Rome, 3–7 April 2023 | FAO | 2024 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/f45a4e54-768a-4e32-a760-96a4cc8ecfa7/full |
| FAO012 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cc5484en | Blaha, F.; Vincent, A.; Piedrahita, Y. ; | 2023 | Guidance document: Advancing end-to-end traceability | FAO | 2024 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/5a6b950c-6bbb-4a96-b446-f3c7e655a1d7/full |
| FAO013 | 2023 | CWP Intersessional Meetings of Aquaculture and Fisheries Subject Groups Joint Session - 28- 30 June 2023 - Relevant activities carried out by ICES during the intersessional period (July 2022-June 2023) | FAO | 2024 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/0221ea14-f42c-41be-a80f-a2da613529c4/full | ||
| FAO014 | 2023 | Update on capacity-building activities to address IUU fishing (the CAPFISH project) | FAO | 2024 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/ab42cd9a-e817-4962-952c-9b127a12ed55/full | ||
| FAO015 | 2023 | REPORT OF THE FOURTH MEETING OF THE PART 6 WORKING GROUP ESTABLISHED BY THE PARTIES TO THE PSMA | FAO | 2024 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/aec6ec4a-63b6-40d7-975d-632245411671/full | ||
| FAO016 | FAO | 2023 | REPORT OF THE THIRD MEETING OF THE PSMA OPEN-ENDED TECHNICAL WORKING GROUP ON INFORMATION EXCHANGE (Advance version) | FAO | 2024 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/de2e5dc8-481f-4ec7-a42f-193570b25009/full | |
| FAO017 | 2023 | REPORT OF THE FIRST MEETING OF THE STRATEGY AD HOC WORKING GROUP | FAO | 2024 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/347d694c-f066-4772-8c6d-8b4493dbd3af/full | ||
| FAO018 | 2023 | Report of the FIFTH MEETING OF THE WECAFC WORKING GROUP ON FISHERIES USING ANCHORED (OR MOORED) FISH AGGREGATING DEVICES (aFADs) | FAO | 2024 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/2c4ef829-6e3f-432d-ae0a-a3531009367e/full | ||
| FAO019 | Roseau, Dominica and Virtual meeting, 17-19 April 2023/CINQUIÈME RÉUNION DU GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE LA COPACO SUR LES PÊCHES UTILISANT DES DISPOSITIFS DE CONCENTRATION DE POISSONS ANCRÉS (OU AMARRÉS) (aFAD)/QUINTA REUNIÓN DEL GRUPO DE TRABAJO DE LA COPACO SOBRE PESCA QUE UTILIZAN DISPOSITIVOS DE CONCENTRACIÓN DE PECES ANCLADOS (O AMARRADOS) (aFAD) | FAO | 2024 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/40af1e6c-e59b-45fc-bf65-40dcf8dabc72/full | |||
| FAO020 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cb8067en | Drinkwin, J. | 2022 | Reporting and retrieval of lost fishing gear: recommendations for developing effective programmes | FAO | 2024 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/216baa63-796b-44a0-b167-e0d1bf90d36d/full |
| FAO021 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cb9399en | FAO | 2022 | First virtual Global Fisheries Enforcement Training Workshop | FAO | 2024 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/56ab800c-bc63-4b47-8d3b-eaa11fd7ef2e/full |
| FAO022 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cb9389en | FAO | 2022 | EAF-Nansen Programme expert workshop on ecosystem characterization | FAO | 2024 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/458905a7-588d-45b7-a7c4-4c86c819597f/full |
| FAO023 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cc2545en | FAO | 2022 | Mapping distant-water fisheries access arrangements | FAO | 2024 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/71b35cba-d525-4110-a272-2de889c2e36c/full |
| FAO024 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cb8100en | FAO | 2022 | Inclusive social development and decent work for enhancing small-scale fisheries resilience to the COVID-19 pandemic | FAO | 2024 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/41d3bfa7-137f-4f91-bfa5-2f13eb8089ed/full |
| FAO025 | 2022 | Sub-Committee on Fish Trade Eighteenth Session. Written Correspondence Procedure: 8 April to 8 May 2022 Virtual Plenary sessions: 7, 8, 9 and 20 June 2022 - Scoping paper on social responsibility. Additional information | FAO | 2024 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/fb34c037-abdd-4234-8e8c-133efcc971b1/full | ||
| FAO026 | 2022 | Coordinating Working Party on Fishery Statistics. Intersessional Meetings of Aquaculture and Fisheries Subject Groups. Eight Meeting of the Aquaculture Subject Group (AS) and Twenty-Ninth meeting of the Fisheries Subject Group (FS), 20–23 June 2022. Progress report of the CWP ad-hoc Task Group on effort concepts | FAO | 2024 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/89b2008b-4167-4621-a3a0-720a9ab5b7b5/full | ||
| FAO027 | 2022 | Sub-Committee on Fish Trade Eighteenth Session. Written Correspondence Procedure: 8 April to 8 May 2022 Virtual Plenary sessions: 7, 8, 9 and 20 June 2022. Draft guidance document: Advancing end-to-end traceability along capture fisheries and aquaculture value chains | FAO | 2024 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/69666966-7d56-4824-b674-2f26aa2babc1/full | ||
| FAO028 | 2022 | TECHNICAL GUIDELINES ON METHODOLOGIES AND INDICATORS FOR THE ESTIMATION OF THE MAGNITUDE AND IMPACT OF ILLEGAL, UNREPORTED AND UNREGULATED FISHING (IUU FISHING) | FAO | 2024 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/0bba73c5-5dff-4954-a002-358b335a43d4/full | ||
| FAO029 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cb5398en | FAO | 2021 | Aquatic food systems under COVID-19 | FAO | 2024 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/e9bcd780-ba5b-422c-a380-634b33fb63ba/full |
| FAO030 | FAO | 2021 | Report of the Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction Deep-sea Fisheries under the Ecosystem Approach Project's Inception Workshop | FAO | 2024 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/20f160cc-df35-4b40-92a3-5d59178ed5ea/full | |
| FAO031 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cb7507en | FAO | 2021 | Beyond COVID-19 | FAO | 2024 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/4336d30c-e008-4fdd-b27e-f0762e8bd124/full |
| FAO032 | 2021 | CWP Intersessional Meetings of Aquaculture and Fisheries Subject Groups – Joint Session - Terms of Reference of the CWP ad-hoc Task Group on “fishing effort concepts” (TG-effort) | FAO | 2024 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/f79edf29-701e-4453-b669-c2fa5f82f96b/full | ||
| FAO033 | 2021 | Artificial Intelligence for a Digital Blue Planet - FORUM AGENDA | FAO | 2024 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/68bd4aee-0a8c-4894-909f-18a815513fa2/full | ||
| FAO034 | 2021 | CWP ad-hoc Task Group on “fishing effort concepts” (TG-effort) Progress report on the review and development of CWP fishing effort concepts and measures | FAO | 2024 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/e31a18f5-a520-4111-b8ef-59ee07c1ce39/full | ||
| FAO035 | 2020 | Report on the findings of the questionnaire to inform the Western Central Atlantic Fishery Commission (WECAFC) Ad Hoc Intersessional Working Group for the Strategic reorientation of WECAFC | FAO | 2024 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/47626cf5-8e32-40ea-9ac9-c2ebd950620a/full | ||
| FAO036 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cb1197en | FAO and ECLAC | 2020 | Food systems and COVID-19 in Latin America and the Caribbean | FAO | 2024 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/66838534-6530-426c-a9aa-88414b47fb0b/full |
| FAO037 | https://doi.org/10.4060/ca9349en | FAO | 2020 | Summary of the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the fisheries and aquaculture sector - Addendum to the State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2020 | FAO | 2024 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/3d5a8025-c722-4e97-b465-57856bc659d3/full |
| FAO038 | https://doi.org/10.4060/ca9165en | FAO | 2020 | Proceedings of the International Symposium on Fisheries Sustainability: strengthening the science-policy nexus | FAO | 2024 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/3a8abd8f-6862-4f5d-8775-2beb10815a64/full |
| FAO039 | Taconet, M., Kroodsma, D. & Fernandes, J. | 2019 | Global atlas of AIS-based fishing activity | FAO | 2024 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/b31bd116-982e-4402-b5f0-22e31b910386/full | |
| FAO040 | FAO | 2019 | Report of the Twenty-Sixth Session of the Coordinating Working Party on Fishery Statistics, Rome, 15-18 May 2019 | FAO | 2024 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/061e0f32-c7ad-4796-b87b-8a41048d9b55/full | |
| FAO041 | FAO Regional Office for Africa | 2019 | Stories from Africa | FAO | 2024 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/bcd33eb1-9604-4094-aadf-037294c7a730/full | |
| FAO042 | 2019 | Report of the Thirty-third Session of the Committee on Fisheries | FAO | 2024 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/0a01a098-121b-45ae-98ce-266e1ef62d3f/full | ||
| FAO043 | FAO | 2019 | FAO Statistical Programme of Work 2018-19 | FAO | 2024 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/1a61933f-f2d7-4028-949a-fe24fb3453db/full | |
| FAO044 | FAO | 2019 | Internation Symposium on Fisheries Sustainability: Strengthening the Science-Policy Nexus | FAO | 2024 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/02d6f1a8-0af9-465a-91cb-45d242307002/full | |
| FAO045 | FAO | 2019 | FAO Partnerships - Access to new technologies (Google case study) | FAO | 2024 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/7a757ea9-113a-46bb-a132-b457fb1f7e53/full | |
| FAO046 | 2020 | Summary report of the International Symposium on Fisheries sustainability | FAO | 2024 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/c15c3638-2beb-4a86-83ed-9a692adf1708/full | ||
| FAO047 | 2020 | International Symposium on Fisheries Sustainability. List of Registered Attendees | FAO | 2024 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/d47704f4-ba36-40f5-93be-4f33545f01ab/full | ||
| FAO048 | FAO | 2017 | FAO and the SDGs Indicators | FAO | 2024 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/a88ab683-edca-44ca-9b2c-db0e57583102/full | |
| FAO049 | CWP Secretariat | 2017 | CWP - Report of the Fifth Meeting of the Aquaculture Subject Group and the Twenty-sixth Meeting of the Fisheries Subject, Copenhagen, Denmark, 19-22 June 2017 | FAO | 2024 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/2249046f-6e3f-4831-9a68-8abcc77620f0/full | |
| FAO050 | 2018 | JM 2018.2/4 Progress in implementation of the strategies for partnerships with the private | FAO | 2024 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/f2bb7042-3450-4a34-9c90-7ba571c2f7e6/full | ||
| FAO051 | 2018 | Follow-up to the decisions and recommendations of the Thirty-second Session of the Committee on Fisheries, Rome, 11-15 July 2016 | FAO | 2024 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/f1e7b801-9b10-48e6-865d-ae8e1c78a2d1/full | ||
| FAO052 | 2017 | Provisional Programme | 2024 |
| ID | DOI | AUTEURS | ANNEE | TITRE | SOURCE | DATE | LIEN |
| BM001 | Borrowing Agency | 2021 | Environmental and Social Management Plan - Maritime Tonga Climate Resilient Transport Project II (P176208) | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/708481633703195263/Environmental-and-Social-Management-Plan-Maritime-Tonga-Climate-Resilient-Transport-Project-II-P176208 | |
| BM002 | Fountalbert, Charlotte de; Desramaut,Nicolas Benjamin Claude; Devine,Peter Augustus | 2019 | Sao Tome and Principe - Country Economic Memorandum : Background Note 15 - Blue Economy and Environmental Resiliency | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/162571562913551840/Sao-Tome-and-Principe-Country-Economic-Memorandum-Background-Note-15-Blue-Economy-and-Environmental-Resiliency | |
| BM003 | 2019 | Conceptual Plan for Integrating Community-Based Tourism Along the Bangladesh-India Protocol Route for Inland Navigation : Third Draft Report | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/515671546852120359/Conceptual-Plan-for-Integrating-Community-Based-Tourism-Along-the-Bangladesh-India-Protocol-Route-for-Inland-Navigation-Third-Draft-Report | ||
| BM004 | 2018 | Suriname - Saramacca Canal System Rehabilitation Project : Environmental Assessment : Preliminary Environmental and Social Impact Assessment with an Environmental and Social Management Plan | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/879421542017532044/Preliminary-Environmental-and-Social-Impact-Assessment-with-an-Environmental-and-Social-Management-Plan | ||
| BM005 | Klapare,Solvita | 2018 | China - Henan Zhoukou Longhu Wetland Protection and Management Project | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/675291517568133419/China-Henan-Zhoukou-Longhu-Wetland-Protection-and-Management-Project | |
| BM006 | Nepal,Ashim | 2017 | Nepal - Second Phase of the Modernization of Rani Jamara Kulariya Irrigation Scheme Project : environmental assessment : Biodiversity impact assessment | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/883771514399187366/Biodiversity-impact-assessment | |
| BM007 | 2017 | Sri Lanka : Managing Coastal Natural Wealth | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/935641540997593260/Sri-Lanka-Managing-Coastal-Natural-Wealth | ||
| BM008 | Wilson,David; Whiteside,Alan W. | 2016 | AIDS at 35 : a midlife crisis | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/171981487940623776/AIDS-at-35-a-midlife-crisis | |
| BM009 | 2016 | Kenya - Western Kenya Community Driven Development and Flood Mitigation Project | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/706421481552765649/Kenya-Western-Kenya-Community-Driven-Development-and-Flood-Mitigation-Project | ||
| BM010 | 2016 | Seychelles post disaster needs assessment : tropical cyclone Fantala April 2016 | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/802481498125766383/Seychelles-post-disaster-needs-assessment-tropical-cyclone-Fantala-April-2016 | ||
| BM011 | 2016 | Seychelles post disaster needs assessment : tropical cyclone fantala : A report by the Government of Seychelles | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/767291481886997139/A-report-by-the-Government-of-Seychelles | ||
| BM012 | 0000A8056 | 2015 | Kenya - Western Kenya CDD and Flood Mitigation Project : P074106 - Implementation Status Results Report : Sequence 15 | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/769831468039248979/Kenya-Western-Kenya-CDD-and-Flood-Mitigation-Project-P074106-Implementation-Status-Results-Report-Sequence-15 | |
| BM013 | Kossoy,Alexandre; Peszko,Grzegorz; Oppermann,Klaus; Prytz,Nicolai; Gilbert, Alyssa; Klein, Noemie; ; Lam,Long Khanh; ; Wong, Lindee | 2015 | Carbon pricing watch 2015 : an advance brief from the state and trends of carbon pricing 2015 report, to be released late 2015 | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/387741468188935412/Carbon-pricing-watch-2015-an-advance-brief-from-the-state-and-trends-of-carbon-pricing-2015-report-to-be-released-late-2015 | |
| BM014 | 2015 | Tanzania - Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project : additional financing : environmental assessment (Vol. 4) : Ombeyi integrated wetland management plan | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/955041467980513750/Ombeyi-integrated-wetland-management-plan | ||
| BM015 | 2015 | Tanzania - Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project : additional financing : environmental assessment (Vol. 2) : Kibirong integrated wetland management plan | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/354021468183848030/Kibirong-integrated-wetland-management-plan | ||
| BM016 | 2015 | China - Ningbo Water And Environment Project | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/492691475117593207/China-Ningbo-Water-And-Environment-Project | ||
| BM017 | 2014 | Belize - Management and Protection of Key Biodiversity Areas Project | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/894681468201280561/Belize-Management-and-Protection-of-Key-Biodiversity-Areas-Project | ||
| BM018 | 2014 | Belize - Management and Protection of Key Biodiversity Areas in Belize Project : indigenous peoples plan : Culturally appropriate community consultations and indigenous peoples planning framework | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/819151468017367227/Culturally-appropriate-community-consultations-and-indigenous-peoples-planning-framework | ||
| BM019 | 2014 | Philippines - Rural Development Project | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/494411468296969716/Philippines-Rural-Development-Project | ||
| BM020 | 2014 | Tanzania - Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project : additional financing : environmental assessment (Vol. 9) : Environmental impact assessment report for the proposed biotoilet contruction at Saint Augustine Nyamonye girls secondary school, Siaya county | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/589181468190139633/Environmental-impact-assessment-report-for-the-proposed-biotoilet-contruction-at-Saint-Augustine-Nyamonye-girls-secondary-school-Siaya-county | ||
| BM021 | Cira,Dean A. | 2014 | Project Information Document (Appraisal Stage) - Uganda: Albertine Region Sustainable Development Project - P145101 | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/904261468113942435/Project-Information-Document-Appraisal-Stage-Uganda-Albertine-Region-Sustainable-Development-Project-P145101 | |
| BM022 | 2013 | Tanzania - Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project : additional financing : environmental assessment (Vol. 8) : Environmental and social impact assessment for construction of simplified community sewerage system for Mabatini and Igogo areas in Mwanza city | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/191411467988935120/Environmental-and-social-impact-assessment-for-construction-of-simplified-community-sewerage-system-for-Mabatini-and-Igogo-areas-in-Mwanza-city | ||
| BM023 | 2013 | Myanmar economic monitor | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/107851468062088730/Myanmar-economic-monitor | ||
| BM024 | 2013 | 2011 ICP : validation and experimental calculations | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/688241468180895051/2011-ICP-validation-and-experimental-calculations | ||
| BM025 | 2013 | Tanzania - Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project : additional financing : environmental assessment (Vol. 13) : Environmental and social impacts assessment for the construction of sewerage sludge disposal facility in Bukoba Municipality in Kagera Region | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/555441468202148702/Environmental-and-social-impacts-assessment-for-the-construction-of-sewerage-sludge-disposal-facility-in-Bukoba-Municipality-in-Kagera-Region | ||
| BM026 | 2013 | Tanzania - Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project : additional financing : environmental assessment (Vol. 15) : Environmental and social impacts assessment for construction of sewerage system in Bukoba municipality in Kagera region | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/483051467992766869/Environmental-and-social-impacts-assessment-for-construction-of-sewerage-system-in-Bukoba-municipality-in-Kagera-region | ||
| BM027 | 2013 | Tanzania - Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project : additional financing : environmental assessment : Environmental and social impact assessment study report for Homa Bay sewerage treatment system, Homa Bay County | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/758661468182655091/Environmental-and-social-impact-assessment-study-report-for-Homa-Bay-sewerage-treatment-system-Homa-Bay-County | ||
| BM028 | 2012 | China - Global Environment Facility (GEF) Sustainable Management and Biodiversity Conservation of the Lake Aibi Basin Project : financial statements and audit report for the year ended December 31, 2012 | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/796441468221670666/China-Global-Environment-Facility-GEF-Sustainable-Management-and-Biodiversity-Conservation-of-the-Lake-Aibi-Basin-Project-financial-statements-and-audit-report-for-the-year-ended-December-31-2012 | ||
| BM029 | 2012 | Tanzania - Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project : additional financing : environmental assessment (Vol. 11) : Preliminary environmental assessment for the proposed construction of Charco Dam at Mwabuma Village in Meatu District in Simiyu Region | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/478461468001782283/Preliminary-environmental-assessment-for-the-proposed-construction-of-Charco-Dam-at-Mwabuma-Village-in-Meatu-District-in-Simiyu-Region | ||
| BM030 | 2012 | Tanzania - Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project : additional financing : environmental assessment (Vol. 12) : Preliminary environmental assessment study for the proposed construction of Charco Dam at Mwamkala Village in Busega District in Simiyu Region | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/699331467993494752/Preliminary-environmental-assessment-study-for-the-proposed-construction-of-Charco-Dam-at-Mwamkala-Village-in-Busega-District-in-Simiyu-Region | ||
| BM031 | 2012 | Tanzania - Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project : additional financing : environmental assessment (Vol. 10) : Preliminary environmental assessment for the proposed construction of artificial wetland at Butuja Sub-Ward in Ilemela Ward located in Mwanza City | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/355921467999115113/Preliminary-environmental-assessment-for-the-proposed-construction-of-artificial-wetland-at-Butuja-Sub-Ward-in-Ilemela-Ward-located-in-Mwanza-City | ||
| BM032 | 2012 | Central Asia - Tien Shan Ecosystem Development Project | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/180781474905439685/Central-Asia-Tien-Shan-Ecosystem-Development-Project | ||
| BM033 | 2012 | Kenya - Western Kenya Community Driven Development and Flood Mitigation Project : restructuring : Main report | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/237491468276357250/Main-report | ||
| BM034 | 2012 | China - GEF-Ningbo Water and Environment Project | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/145901468023682111/China-GEF-Ningbo-Water-and-Environment-Project | ||
| BM035 | Sri Lanka - Metro Colombo Urban Development Project : environmental assessment (Vol. 8) : Environmental screening report for establishment of Beddagana and Kotte Ramparts Parks | BM | 2024 | https://documents.worldbank.org/en/publication/documents-reports/documentdetail/284121468301730343/Environmental-screening-report-for-establishment-of-Beddagana-and-Kotte-Ramparts-Parks | |||
| BM036 | 2011 | Sri Lanka - Metro Colombo Urban Development Project : environmental assessment (Vol. 2) : Environmental management framework | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/465891468164963589/Environmental-management-framework | ||
| BM037 | Vogel,Frederic A. | 2011 | Some simple methods to validate basic heading PPPs | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/866081468166186318/Some-simple-methods-to-validate-basic-heading-PPPs | |
| BM038 | 2011 | India - Assam State Roads Project : environmental assessment (Vol. 7) : Environmental impact assessment (SH-32) | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/716151468041944239/Environmental-impact-assessment-SH-32 | ||
| BM039 | 2011 | Egypt, Arab Republic of - Second Integrated Sanitation and Sewerage Infrastructure Project : environmental assessment (Vol. 7) : Framework for the environmental and social impact assessment framework (ESIAF) : Delta governorates - executive summary | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/569871468037737151/Framework-for-the-environmental-and-social-impact-assessment-framework-ESIAF-Delta-governorates-executive-summary | ||
| BM040 | 2011 | Egypt, Arab Republic of - Second Integrated Sanitation and Sewerage Infrastructure Project : environmental assessment (Vol. 8) : Framework for the environmental and social impact assessment framework (ESIAF) : Delta governorates | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/952931468236072343/Framework-for-the-environmental-and-social-impact-assessment-framework-ESIAF-Delta-governorates | ||
| BM041 | 2011 | Sri Lanka - Eco-Systems Conservation and Management Project | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/657011468334290853/Sri-Lanka-Eco-Systems-Conservation-and-Management-Project | ||
| BM042 | 2011 | Sri Lanka - Eco-Systems Conservation And Management Project (ESCAMP) | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/408381468103456464/Sri-Lanka-Eco-Systems-Conservation-And-Management-Project-ESCAMP | ||
| BM043 | Fitzpatrick, Lisa | 2011 | Defying extinction : partnership to safeguard global diversity | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/600921468331035202/Defying-extinction-partnership-to-safeguard-global-diversity | |
| BM044 | Frederic Giovannetti, Consultant, France / Tonki; ; ; R. J. Burnside International Limited / Dilon Con | 2010 | Uganda - Private Power Generation Project : social and environmental assessment (Vol. 11) : Kalagala offset sustainable management plan (201 0-2019) | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/774671468108872355/Kalagala-offset-sustainable-management-plan-201-0-2019 | |
| BM045 | Frederic Giovannetti, Consultant, France / Tonki; ; ; R. J. Burnside International Limited / Dilon Con | 2010 | Uganda - Private Power Generation Project : social and environmental assessment (Vol. 13) : The Kalagala-Itanda eco-tourism development plan (2010-2019) : appendix one | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/611151468109740770/The-Kalagala-Itanda-eco-tourism-development-plan-2010-2019-appendix-one | |
| BM046 | 2010 | Sri Lanka - Road Sector Assistance Project : second additional financing - environmental assessment (Vol. 2) : Environmental assessment report : Kanthale to Trincomalee road section | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/863611468307191045/Environmental-assessment-report-Kanthale-to-Trincomalee-road-section | ||
| BM047 | 2010 | Uganda - Transforming Settlements of the Urban Poor in Uganda (TSUPU) : a secondary cities support programme : a partnership between cities alliance and the government of Uganda | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/515121468340834519/Uganda-Transforming-Settlements-of-the-Urban-Poor-in-Uganda-TSUPU-a-secondary-cities-support-programme-a-partnership-between-cities-alliance-and-the-government-of-Uganda | ||
| BM048 | 2009 | Announcement of World Bank and Global Environment Facility Support Ecosystem Development in the Tien Shan Region on November 3, 2009 | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/534071635865708110/Announcement-of-World-Bank-and-Global-Environment-Facility-Support-Ecosystem-Development-in-the-Tien-Shan-Region-on-November-3-2009 | ||
| BM049 | 2009 | Civic engagement in procurement : a review of eight international case studies | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/900321468041934999/Civic-engagement-in-procurement-a-review-of-eight-international-case-studies | ||
| BM050 | 2009 | Bosnia and Herzegovina - Forests and Mountain Protected Areas Project : procurement plan | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/598781468200351492/Bosnia-and-Herzegovina-Forests-and-Mountain-Protected-Areas-Project-procurement-plan | ||
| BM051 | Dikhanov, Yuri | 2009 | Efficiency of the core product list in international comparisons : paper for session three | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/443371468150300666/Efficiency-of-the-core-product-list-in-international-comparisons-paper-for-session-three | |
| BM052 | 2009 | Nigeria - Scaling up Sustainable Land Management Practice, Knowledge, and Coordination Project : environmental assessment (Vol. 3) : Environmental impact assessment and management plan | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/988351468098986094/Environmental-impact-assessment-and-management-plan | ||
| BM053 | Dikhanov, Yuri | 2009 | Efficiency of the core product list in international comparisons : paper for session two | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/652231468338518308/Efficiency-of-the-core-product-list-in-international-comparisons-paper-for-session-two | |
| BM054 | 2009 | Sri Lanka - Sustainable Tourism Development Project : environmental assessment : Social management framework (SMF) | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/786731468334256860/Social-management-framework-SMF | ||
| BM055 | 2009 | Cambodia economic watch | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/226761468227102872/Cambodia-economic-watch | ||
| BM056 | 2008 | Cambodia - Economic watch | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/391161468229170497/Cambodia-Economic-watch | ||
| BM057 | 2008 | Mexico - Environmental Sustainability Development Policy Loan | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/790131468279546163/Mexico-Environmental-Sustainability-Development-Policy-Loan | ||
| BM058 | 2008 | Lao PDR - Nam Theun 2 (NT2) Hydroelectric Project : update | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/978211468299171787/Lao-PDR-Nam-Theun-2-NT2-Hydroelectric-Project-update | ||
| BM059 | 2008 | Cambodia economic watch | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/213411468225287589/Cambodia-economic-watch | ||
| BM060 | 2008 | Mexico - First Programmatic Environment Structural Adjustment Loan Project and Second Programmatic Environment Development Policy Loan Project | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/620021468286248467/Mexico-First-Programmatic-Environment-Structural-Adjustment-Loan-Project-and-Second-Programmatic-Environment-Development-Policy-Loan-Project | ||
| BM061 | Zambia | 2006 | Zambia - Road Rehabilitation and Maintenance Project : environmental assessment (Vol. 8) : Assessment and engineering design of damaged and washed away crossings : consultancy design report | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/527051468168865871/Assessment-and-engineering-design-of-damaged-and-washed-away-crossings-consultancy-design-report | |
| BM062 | 2006 | China - GEF-Ningbo Water and Environment Project | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/997521468214498292/China-GEF-Ningbo-Water-and-Environment-Project | ||
| BM063 | South China Institute of Environmental Sciences,; Wetlands International / EDAW | 2006 | China - Ningbo Water Management (GEF) Project : environmental assessment | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/465331468212992735/China-Ningbo-Water-Management-GEF-Project-environmental-assessment | |
| BM064 | 2004 | Transcript of oral history interview with Gloria Davis held on June 28 and 29, 2004 | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/576181468337293562/Transcript-of-oral-history-interview-with-Gloria-Davis-held-on-June-28-and-29-2004 | ||
| BM065 | 2004 | Mexico - First Programmatic Environment Structural Adjustment Loan | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/105661468774642171/Mexico-First-Programmatic-Environment-Structural-Adjustment-Loan | ||
| BM066 | 2004 | India - Kerala Forestry Project | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/752751468752724550/India-Kerala-Forestry-Project | ||
| BM067 | 2004 | Panama - San Lorenzo Effective Protection with Community Participation : implemenation completion report : Panama - San Lorenzo Effective Protection with Community Participation Project | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/230571468780945214/Panama-San-Lorenzo-Effective-Protection-with-Community-Participation-Project | ||
| BM068 | 2004 | Organization of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS) - Protected Areas and Associated Livelihoods Project : resettlement plan : Organization of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS) - Protected Areas and Associated Livelihoods Project : resettlement plan | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/126521468290741012/Organization-of-Eastern-Caribbean-States-OECS-Protected-Areas-and-Associated-Livelihoods-Project-resettlement-plan | ||
| BM069 | Bhaopichitr, Kirida; ; ; Atsavasirilert, Wallada; ; ; Chockanapitaksa, Poonyanuch | 2003 | Thailand economic monitor | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/137131468133162634/Thailand-economic-monitor | |
| BM070 | Coastal and Environmental Services (CES) | 2003 | South Africa - Greater Addo Elephant National Park Project : environmental assessment | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/694771468759861512/South-Africa-Greater-Addo-Elephant-National-Park-Project-environmental-assessment | |
| BM071 | Dava, Fernando; ; ; Ahmed, Zuber; ; ; Easton, Peter | 2002 | Managing natural resources along the Mozambican shoreline - the role of myths and rites | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/483981468287717969/Managing-natural-resources-along-the-Mozambican-shoreline-the-role-of-myths-and-rites | |
| BM072 | Instituto Hondureno de Turismo | 2000 | Honduras - Sustainable Coastal Tourism Project : social assessment | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/345291468771050207/Honduras-Sustainable-Coastal-Tourism-Project-social-assessment | |
| BM073 | 1998 | Rural development : from vision to action - focus countries at a glance | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/694331468753021134/Rural-development-from-vision-to-action-focus-countries-at-a-glance | ||
| BM074 | Harstad, Jarle [editor] | 1998 | Encouraging private sector involvement in GEF projects | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/883831468759294184/Encouraging-private-sector-involvement-in-GEF-projects | |
| BM075 | Carrington,Timothy T.; Nelson,Mark; Park,Shinok | 1998 | Asia development forum dispatches | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/274371468218408727/Asia-development-forum-dispatches | |
| BM076 | Cullen,Timothy W. B.; Goto,Shihoko; Keynes; Rafferty, Kevin; Shen,Anna; Sopher,Jamil | 1998 | Bank's World | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/182921548342847496/Banks-World | |
| BM077 | Dowdeswell, Elizabeth; Ketema, Seyfu; Pinstrup Andersen,Per; ; Sayer,Jeffrey A. | 1997 | Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) news | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/395281468225293631/Consultative-Group-on-International-Agricultural-Research-CGIAR-news | |
| BM078 | DHV Consultants BV; ; ; Consulting Engineering Servic | 1996 | Bangladesh - Third Road Rehabilitation and Maintenance Project : environmental impact assessment (Vol. 6) | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/490551468742183373/Bangladesh-Third-Road-Rehabilitation-and-Maintenance-Project-environmental-impact-assessment | |
| BM079 | Gustaf Lundin, Carl; Linden, Olof; | 1995 | Proceedings of the national workshop on integrated coastal zone management in the Seychelles | BM | 2024 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/571491468304270730/Proceedings-of-the-national-workshop-on-integrated-coastal-zone-management-in-the-Seychelles |
| ID | DOI | AUTEURS | ANNEE | TITRE | SOURCE | DATE | LIEN |
| NU001 | UN. Department of Economic and Social Affairs | 2023 | Mapping report on existing ocean databases in support of SDG 14 : | NU | 2024 | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/4037863 | |
| NU002 | UN. Secretariat | 2017 | Increasing scientific knowledge, and developing research capacity and transfer of marine technology : concept paper / prepared by the secretariat | NU | 2024 | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/1307986 | |
| NU003 | 2022 | Canadian input on the 2020 UN Ocean Conference Interactive Dialogue : concept papers | NU | 2024 | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/3996803 | ||
| NU004 | UN Open-ended Informal Consultative Process on Oceans and the Law of the Sea | 2024 | Report on the work of the United Nations Open-ended Informal Consultative Process on Oceans and the Law of the Sea at its 22nd meeting : letter dated 19 July 2024 from the Co-Chairs of the Informal Consultative Process addressed to the President of the General Assembly | NU | 2024 | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/4059170 | |
| NU005 | UN. Committee on Non-Governmental Organizations (2021 sess. : New York) | 2021 | Report of the Committee on Non-Governmental Organizations on its 2021 resumed session (New York, 30 August to 10 September and 17 September 2021) | NU | 2024 | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/3945330 | |
| NU006 | 2022 | Final list of participants : Intergovernmental Conference on an international legally binding instrument under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea on the conservation and sustainable use of marine biological diversity of areas beyond national jurisdiction, 4th session, New York, 7–18 March 2022 | NU | 2024 | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/3968211 | ||
| NU007 | UN. Human Rights Council. Special Rapporteur on the Right to Food | 2019 | Right to food : report of the Special Rapporteur on the Right to Food | NU | 2024 | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/3792443 | |
| NU008 | UNEP | 2023 | Environmental rule of law : tracking progress and charting future directions | NU | 2024 | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/4028034 | |
| NU009 | UN. Secretary-General | 2022 | Situation of piracy and armed robbery at sea in the Gulf of Guinea and its underlying causes : report of the Secretary-General | NU | 2024 | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/3993689 | |
| NU010 | FAO. Fisheries and Aquaculture Department | 2018 | The state of world fisheries and aquaculture. 2018 : meeting the sustainable development goals | NU | 2024 | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/3934545 | |
| NU011 | UN. Secretary-General | 2023 | List of non-governmental organizations in consultative status with the Economic and Social Council as of 31 December 2022 : note / by the Secretary-General | NU | 2024 | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/4012070 | |
| NU012 | UN. Secretary-General | 2023 | List of non-governmental organizations in consultative status with the Economic and Social Council as of 31 December 2022 : note / by the Secretary-General | NU | 2024 | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/4025469 | |
| NU013 | International Organization for Migration | 2023 | Harnessing Data Innovation for Migration Policy: A Handbook for Practitioners | NU | 2024 | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/4012987 | |
| NU014 | IBRD | 2021 | World Development Report 2021 : data for better lives | NU | 2024 | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/3963929 | |
| NU015 | FAO. Fisheries and Aquaculture Department | 2020 | The state of world fisheries and aquaculture. 2020 : sustainability in action | NU | 2024 | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/3934505 | |
| NU016 | UN. Department of Economic and Social Affairs. Division for Public Administration and Development Management | 2018 | United Nations e-government survey 2018 : gearing e-Government to support transformation towards sustainable and resilient societies | NU | 2024 | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/3868848 | |
| NU017 | 2022 | Report of the 2022 United Nations Conference to Support the Implementation of Sustainable Development Goal 14: Conserve and Sustainably Use the Oceans, Seas and Marine Resources for Sustainable Development : Lisbon, 27 June–1 July 2022 | NU | 2024 | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/3993162 | ||
| NU018 | UN. Economic and Social Council (2021-2022 : New York) | 2022 | Resolutions and decisions of the Economic and Social Council : 2022 session, New York, 23 July 2021-22 July 2022 | NU | 2024 | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/3993531 |
| ID | DOI | AUTEURS | ANNEE | TITRE | SOURCE | DATE |
| CIEM001 | https://doi.org/10.17895/ices.pub.22789475 | Tania Mendo, Marta Mega Rufino, Josefine Egekvis | 2023 | Workshop on small scale fisheries and geo-spatial data 2 (WKSSFGEO2) | CIEM | 7/24/2024 |
| CIEM002 | https://doi.org/10.17895/ices.advice.24087489 | ICES | 2023 | EU request for a technical service to compile available data and methods to estimate fishing pressure from small scale fisheries under D1/D6 for the MSFD | CIEM | 7/24/2024 |
| ID | DOI | AUTEURS | ANNEE | TITRE | SOURCE | DATE | LIEN |
| UE001 | https://doi.org/10.2861/676908 | AZTI Marine Research Department; Directorate-General for Internal Policies of the Union | 2021 | Workshop on electronic technologies for fisheries . Part I, Transmitted positional data systems | UE | 2024 | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/9ad0f395-2d63-11ec-bd8e-01aa75ed71a1/language-en |
| UE002 | https://doi.org/10.2760/87451 | Joint Research Centre; Scientific, Technical and Economic Committee for Fisheries | 2022 | Scientific, Technical and Economic Committee for Fisheries (STECF) - 70th plenary report (PLEN-22-01) | UE | 2024 | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/78925322-751d-11ed-9887-01aa75ed71a1/language-en |
| UE003 | https://doi.org/10.2760/185588 | Joint Research Centre | 2023 | Earth observation in support of EU policies for biodiversity - A deep-dive assessment of the Knowledge Centre on Earth Observation | UE | 2024 | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/bb713e80-e316-11ed-a05c-01aa75ed71a1/language-en |
| UE004 | https://doi.org/10.2830/110399 | Capgemini Invent; European Data Portal; Publications Office of the European Union | 2020 | Enabling smart rural - The open data gap | UE | 2024 | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/18d1354e-db7d-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en |
| UE005 | https://doi.org/10.2926/909535 | Agencia Estatal Consejo superior de Investigaciones Científicas CSIC; COISPA Tecnologia & Ricerca; Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche IRBIM; Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare CoNISMa; Consorzio per il Centro Interuniversitario di Biologia Marina ed Ecologia Applicata “G. Bacci” di Livorno (CIBM); European Climate, Infrastructure and Environment Executive Agency; Hellenic Centre of Marine Research HCMR; IFREMER Département Ressources Biologiques et Environnement - Boulogne sur mer; Instituto Español de Oceanografía IEO; Istituto Nazionale di Oceanograficia e di Geofisica Sperimentale OGS | 2022 | Study on advancing fisheries assessment and management advice in the Mediterranean by aligning biological and management units of priority species MED_UNITs - Final report | UE | 2024 | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/027a7baf-aa5b-11ec-83e1-01aa75ed71a1/language-en |
| UE006 | https://doi.org/10.2861/617655 | Directorate-General for Internal Policies of the Union; Thünen Institute of Sea Fisheries | 2020 | Impact of the use of offshore wind and other marine renewables on European fisheries - Research for PECH Committee | UE | 2024 | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/84b731bb-53bb-11eb-b59f-01aa75ed71a1/language-en |
| UE007 | https://doi.org/10.2760/19269 | Joint Research Centre | 2023 | EU bioeconomy monitoring system indicator update | UE | 2024 | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/e4cc8c00-a11c-11ed-b508-01aa75ed71a1/language-en |
| UE008 | https://doi.org/10.2815/520375 | European Union Institute for Security Studies | 2023 | Africa atlas - Mapping the future of the AU-EU partnership | UE | 2024 | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/a09e7f31-8500-11ee-99ba-01aa75ed71a1/language-en |
| UE009 | Directorate-General for Maritime Affairs and Fisheries | 2020 | EUMOFA, European Market Observatory for Fisheries and Aquaculture Products - Monthly highlights. No. 9/2020 | UE | 2024 | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/277255a5-3060-11eb-b27b-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | |
| UE010 | https://doi.org/10.2861/572 | Directorate-General for Internal Policies of the Union | 2022 | Role and impact of China on world fisheries and aquaculture | UE | 2024 | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/74c3d8b8-92f8-11ed-b508-01aa75ed71a1/language-en |
| UE011 | https://doi.org/10.2767/879305 | Directorate-General for Employment, Social Affairs and Inclusion | 2017 | Quality of public administration - A toolbox for practitioners. Theme 1, Policy-making, implementation and innovation | UE | 2024 | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/d1d02a42-d580-11e7-a5b9-01aa75ed71a1/language-en |
| UE012 | https://doi.org/10.2826/35050 | AZTI TECNALIA; CEFAS; Executive Agency for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises; IEO; IPMA; MRAG | 2019 | Scientific approaches for the assessment and management of deep-sea fisheries and ecosystems in RFMOs and RFBs - Final report | UE | 2024 | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/0f2b559b-4610-11e9-a8ed-01aa75ed71a1/language-en |
| UE013 | https://doi.org/10.2926/425550 | BlueFarm; CE Delft; ECORYS; European Climate, Infrastructure and Environment Executive Agency; SML | 2024 | Techno-economic analysis for the energy transition of the EU fisheries and aquaculture sector | UE | 2024 | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/a8d20a8c-39eb-11ef-87a1-01aa75ed71a1/language-en |
| UE014 | https://doi.org/10.2835/726865 | European Fisheries Control Agency | 2022 | Course for EU fisheries monitoring centres’ operators on vessel tracking systems - Non-EU countries | UE | 2024 | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/5e6281d5-a66e-11ec-83e1-01aa75ed71a1/language-en |
| UE015 | https://doi.org/10.2826/581374 | Capgemini; Executive Agency for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises | 2021 | Advanced technologies for industry - AT watch : technology focus on data sharing | UE | 2024 | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/cb3900ea-a635-11eb-9585-01aa75ed71a1/language-en |
| UE016 | https://doi.org/10.2760/29623 | Joint Research Centre; Scientific, Technical and Economic Committee for Fisheries | 2023 | Scientific, Technical and Economic Committee for Fisheries (STECF) - Evaluation of economic indicators and closure areas in the western Mediterranean (STECF-23-01) | UE | 2024 | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/c4fcda28-ed5d-11ed-a05c-01aa75ed71a1/language-en |
| UE017 | Directorate-General for Maritime Affairs and Fisheries | 2019 | EUMOFA, European Market Observatory for Fisheries and Aquaculture Products - Monthly highlights. No. 5/2019 | UE | 2024 | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/f7abc165-5224-11ea-aece-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | |
| UE018 | https://doi.org/10.2771/813984 | Directorate-General for Maritime Affairs and Fisheries | 2021 | Species analyses - 2020 edition | UE | 2024 | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/d33345a6-a3db-11eb-9585-01aa75ed71a1/language-en |
| UE019 | https://doi.org/10.2760/214080 | Joint Research Centre; Scientific, Technical and Economic Committee for Fisheries | 2023 | Scientific, Technical and Economic Committee for Fisheries (STECF) - Validation of selected sustainability indicators and underlying methodologies for the revision of the EU marketing standards for fisheries products (STECF-22-12) | UE | 2024 | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/897fe1a6-b19b-11ed-8912-01aa75ed71a1/language-en |
| UE020 | https://doi.org/10.2861/882830 | Directorate-General for Internal Policies of the Union; Öko-Institut e.V | 2021 | The role of artificial intelligence in the European Green Deal | UE | 2024 | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/2c3de271-525a-11ec-91ac-01aa75ed71a1/language-en |
| UE021 | https://doi.org/10.2826/387890 | Executive Agency for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises | 2020 | Review of the research knowledge and gaps on fish populations, fisheries and linked ecosystems in the Central Arctic Ocean (CAO) | UE | 2024 | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/aae1e59e-46fe-11ea-b81b-01aa75ed71a1/language-en |
| UE022 | https://doi.org/10.2771/500972 | Directorate-General for Maritime Affairs and Fisheries; EUMOFA European Market Observatoryfor Fisheries and Aquaculture Products | 2021 | Country analyses - 2020 edition | UE | 2024 | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/d33149d5-a3db-11eb-9585-01aa75ed71a1/language-en |
| UE023 | https://doi.org/10.2777/100029 | Directorate-General for Research and Innovation | 2023 | S&T&I for 2050 - Science, technology and innovation for ecosystem performance : accelerating sustainability transitions | UE | 2024 | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/260eaaf7-6bd7-11ee-9220-01aa75ed71a1/language-en |
| UE024 | https://doi.org/10.2830/63132 | Publications Office of the European Union | 2020 | The economic impact of open data - Opportunities for value creation in Europe | UE | 2024 | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/1021d8a7-5782-11ea-8b81-01aa75ed71a1/language-en |
| UE025 | https://doi.org/10.2771/563899 | Directorate-General for Maritime Affairs and Fisheries | 2021 | The EU fish market - 2021 edition | UE | 2024 | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/6f87e818-dbd4-11ec-a534-01aa75ed71a1/language-en |
| UE026 | https://doi.org/10.2878/94903 | European Union Agency for the Space Programme | 2022 | EUSPA EO and GNSS Market Report. 2022 / Issue 1 | UE | 2024 | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/c7072179-1e9f-11ed-8fa0-01aa75ed71a1/language-en |
| UE027 | https://doi.org/10.2760/143313 | Joint Research Centre; Scientific, Technical and Economic Committee for Fisheries | 2020 | Evaluation of fishing effort regime in the Western Mediterranean. Part V (STEC-20-13) | UE | 2024 | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/935fdb67-4405-11eb-b59f-01aa75ed71a1/language-en |
| UE028 | https://doi.org/10.2815/458263 | European Union Institute for Security Studies | 2021 | African futures 2030 - Free trade, peace and prosperity | UE | 2024 | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/56a504b3-c413-11eb-a925-01aa75ed71a1/language-en |
| UE029 | https://doi.org/10.2771/793264 | Directorate-General for Maritime Affairs and Fisheries; Joint Research Centre | 2022 | The EU blue economy report 2022 | UE | 2024 | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/156eecbd-d7eb-11ec-a95f-01aa75ed71a1/language-en |
| UE030 | https://doi.org/10.2826/278419 | AZTI; CEFAS; Executive Agency for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises; IEO; IPMA; MRAG; WMR | 2019 | Selecting ecosystem indicators for fisheries targeting highly migratory species - Final report | UE | 2024 | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/152d6214-6faa-11e9-9f05-01aa75ed71a1/language-en |
| UE031 | https://doi.org/10.2926/854134 | AZTI; CEFAS; CSIC; European Climate, Infrastructure and Environment Executive Agency; IEO; IPMA; IRD; MRAG-EU; WMR | 2023 | Improving environmental sustainability of deep sea fisheries with emphasis on the conservation of Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems (VMEs) - Final report | UE | 2024 | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/8a9b0297-3b24-11ee-bd8d-01aa75ed71a1/language-en |
| UE032 | https://doi.org/10.2771/896161 | Directorate-General for Maritime Affairs and Fisheries | 2023 | Faits saillants du mois. No. 8 / 2023 | UE | 2024 | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/233e8808-9fbd-11ee-b164-01aa75ed71a1/language-fr |
| UE033 | https://doi.org/10.2771/196367 | Directorate-General for Maritime Affairs and Fisheries | 2023 | Évaluation rétrospective et prospective du Protocole à l’accord de partenariat dans le domaine de la pêche entre l’Union européenne et la Guinée-Bissau - Rapport final | UE | 2024 | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/8cf785f5-6341-11ee-9220-01aa75ed71a1/language-fr |
| UE034 | https://doi.org/10.2771/264668 | Directorate-General for Maritime Affairs and Fisheries; F&S; POSEIDON | 2024 | Évaluation rétrospective du Protocole de mise en œuvre de l’accord de partenariat dans le domaine de la pêche entre l’Union européenne et la République de Sao Tomé-et-Principe et prospective d’un éventuel futur protocole - Rapport final | UE | 2024 | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/55fcd1d2-132e-11ef-a251-01aa75ed71a1/language-fr |
| ID | DOI | AUTEURS | ANNEE | TITRE | SOURCE | DATE |
| ID | DOI | AUTEURS | ANNEE | TITRE | LIEN | SOURCE |
| WOS001 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/25148486221111786 | Drakopulos, Lauren; Silver, Jennifer J.; Nost, Eric; Gray, Noella; Hawkins, Roberta | 2023 | Making global oceans governance in/visible with Smart Earth: The case of Global Fishing Watch | NA | WOS |
| WOS002 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps13549 | Pereira, Jorge M.; Ramos, Jaime A.; Marques, Ana M.; Ceia, Filipe R.; Kruger, Lucas; Votier, Stephen C.; Paiva, Vitor H. | 2021 | Low spatial overlap between foraging shearwaters during the breeding season and industrial fisheries off the west coast of Portugal | NA | WOS |
| WOS003 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13224507 | He, Bin; Yan, Fengqin; Yu, Hao; Su, Fenzhen; Lyne, Vincent; Cui, Yikun; Kang, Lu; Wu, Wenzhou | 2021 | Global Fisheries Responses to Culture, Policy and COVID-19 from 2017 to 2020 | NA | WOS |
| WOS004 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/25148486221130849 | Drakopulos, L.; Silver, J. J.; Nost, E. | 2023 | Making global oceans governance in/visible with Smart Earth: The case of Global Fishing Watch (Jul, 10.1177/25148486221111786, 2022) | NA | WOS |
| WOS005 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00509 | Galbraith, Eric D.; Le Mezo, Priscilla; Hernandez, Gerard Solanes; Bianchi, Daniele; Kroodsma, David | 2019 | Growth Limitation of Marine Fish by Low Iron Availability in the Open Ocean | NA | WOS |
| WOS006 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2023.106730 | Parra, Hugo; Pham, Christopher K.; Machete, Miguel; Santos, Marco; Bjorndal, Karen A.; Vandeperre, Frederic | 2023 | The Portuguese industrial pelagic longline fishery in the Northeast Atlantic: Catch composition, spatio-temporal dynamics of fishing effort, and target species catch rates | NA | WOS |
| WOS007 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2023.105908 | Morse, Molly; Mccauley, Douglas; Orofino, Sara; Stears, Keenan; Mladjov, Samantha; Caselle, Jenn; Clavelle, Tyler; Freedman, Ryan | 2024 | Preferential selection of marine protected areas by the recreational scuba diving industry | NA | WOS |
| WOS008 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/429/1/012051 | Lumban-Gaol, J.; Syah, A. F.; Arhatin, R. E.; Natih, N. M. N.; Nurholis; Kusumaningrum, E. E. | 2020 | Distribution of fishing vessels derived Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) Sensor and Vessel Monitoring System (VMS) in the Java Sea | NA | WOS |
| WOS009 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cobi.14224 | Navarro-Herrero, Leia; Saldanha, Sarah; Militao, Teresa; Vicente-Sastre, Diego; March, David; Gonzalez-Solis, Jacob | 2024 | Use of bird-borne radar to examine shearwater interactions with legal and illegal fisheries | NA | WOS |
| WOS010 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.13849 | Orben, Rachael A.; Adams, Josh; Hester, Michelle; Shaffer, Scott A.; Suryan, Robert M.; Deguchi, Tomohiro; Ozaki, Kiyoaki; Sato, Fumio; Young, Lindsay C.; Clatterbuck, Corey; Conners, Melinda G.; Kroodsma, David A.; Torres, Leigh G. | 2021 | Across borders: External factors and prior behaviour influence North Pacific albatross associations with fishing vessels | NA | WOS |
| WOS011 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps14565 | Arnoldi, Natalie S.; Carlisle, Aaron B.; Andrzejaczek, Samantha; Castleton, Michael R.; Micheli, Fiorenza; Schallert, Robert J.; White, Timothy D.; Block, Barbara A. | 2024 | Salmon shark seasonal site fidelity demonstrates the influence of scale on identifying potential high-use areas and vulnerabilities | NA | WOS |
| WOS012 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2023.110026 | Kroodsma, David; Turner, Joanna; Luck, Cian; Hochberg, Tim; Miller, Nathan; Augustyn, Philip; Prince, Stephanie | 2023 | Global prevalence of setting longlines at dawn highlights bycatch risk for threatened albatross | NA | WOS |
| WOS013 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps13586 | Fischer, Johannes H.; Debski, Igor; Spitz, Derek B.; Taylor, Graeme A.; Wittmer, Heiko U. | 2021 | Year-round offshore distribution, behaviour, and overlap with commercial fisheries of a Critically Endangered small petrel | NA | WOS |
| WOS014 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2018.00240 | Miller, Nathan A.; Roan, Aaron; Hochberg, Timothy; Amos, John; Kroodsma, David A. | 2018 | Identifying Global Patterns of Transshipment Behavior | NA | WOS |
| WOS015 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/d41586-021-02752-8 | Joo, Rocio | 2021 | Keep online option at conferences - it makes them more inclusive | NA | WOS |
| WOS016 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/marpol.2019.103623 | Mullie, Wim C. | 2019 | Apparent reduction of illegal trawler fishing effort in Ghana's Inshore Exclusive Zone 2012-2018 as revealed by publicly available AIS data | NA | WOS |
| WOS017 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2024.1355481 | Bichler, Gisela; Petrossian, Gohar A.; Viramontes, Kierston; Marteache, Nerea | 2024 | Detecting communities at high-risk of IUU fishing: networks of shadow encounters in Area 81 of the Western Central Pacific | NA | WOS |
| WOS018 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adg3527 | Shea, Brendan D.; Gallagher, Austin J.; Bomgardner, Lindsay K.; Ferretti, Francesco | 2023 | Quantifying longline bycatch mortality for pelagic sharks in western Pacific shark sanctuaries | NA | WOS |
| WOS019 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12010032 | Ruiz, Javier; Caballero, Isabel; Navarro, Gabriel | 2020 | Sensing the Same Fishing Fleet with AIS and VIIRS: A Seven-Year Assessment of Squid Jiggers in FAO Major Fishing Area 41 | NA | WOS |
| WOS020 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/LGRS.2021.3084183 | Carlos, Hugo; Aranda, Ramon; Rivera-De Velasco, Mariana; Rodriguez-Gonzalez, Ansel Y.; Elena Mendez-Lopez, Maria | 2022 | Fishing Gear Pattern Recognition by Including Supervised Autoencoder Dimensional Reduction | NA | WOS |
| WOS021 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps14195 | Clark, Bethany L.; Irigoin-Lovera, Cinthia; Gonzales-DelCarpio, Diego D.; Diaz-Santibanez, Isabella; Votier, Stephen C.; Zavalaga, Carlos B. | 2022 | Interactions between anchovy fisheries and Peruvian boobies revealed by bird-borne cameras and movement loggers | NA | WOS |
| WOS022 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2022.03.127 | Shanthi, T. S.; Dheepanbalaji, L.; Priya, R.; Kumar, V. D. Ambeth; Kumar, Abhishek; Sindhu, P.; Kumar, Ankit | 2022 | Illegal fishing, anomalous vessel behavior detection through automatic identification system | NA | WOS |
| WOS023 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3416389 | Coro, Gianpaolo; Pavirani, Laura; Ellenbroek, Anton | 2024 | Extracting Mediterranean Hidden Fishing Hotspots Through Big Data Mining | NA | WOS |
| WOS024 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10113-023-02139-7 | Demirel, Nazli; Akoglu, Ekin; Yildiz, Taner | 2023 | Shifts in the pelagic fishery dynamics in response to regional sea warming and fishing in the Northeastern Mediterranean | NA | WOS |
| WOS025 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40152-024-00351-7 | Rudolph, Terence Adam | 2024 | Seeing like an algorithm: the limits of using remote sensing to link vessel movements with worker abuse at sea | NA | WOS |
| WOS026 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2023.116588 | Zhao, Zhongning; Chen, Jiaxuan; Shi, Yuqi; Hong, Feng; Jiang, Guiyuan; Huang, Haiguang; Zhao, Jinhua | 2024 | HiTrip: Historical trajectory interpolation for trawlers via deep learning on multi-source data | NA | WOS |
| WOS027 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13073769 | Thoya, Pascal; Maina, Joseph; Moellmann, Christian; Schiele, Kerstin S. | 2021 | AIS and VMS Ensemble Can Address Data Gaps on Fisheries for Marine Spatial Planning | NA | WOS |
| WOS028 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.798893 | Petrossian, Gohar A.; Barthuly, Bryce; Sosnowski, Monique C. | 2022 | Identifying Central Carriers and Detecting Key Communities Within the Global Fish Transshipment Networks | NA | WOS |
| WOS029 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41208-023-00646-2 | Demirci, Sevil | 2024 | The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Iskenderun Bay fishery, Northeastern Mediterranean, Turkey | NA | WOS |
| WOS030 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15112911 | Tsuda, Masaki E.; Miller, Nathan A.; Saito, Rui; Park, Jaeyoon; Oozeki, Yoshioki | 2023 | Automated VIIRS Boat Detection Based on Machine Learning and Its Application to Monitoring Fisheries in the East China Sea | NA | WOS |
| WOS031 | http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/rev.biol.trop..v71i1.53174 | Cubero-Pardo, Priscilla; Castro-Azofeifa, Cesar; Chavarria-Chaves, Juan B.; Vargas-Bolanos, Christian; Corrales-Garro, Francini | 2023 | Foreign fishing fleets in the Costa Rican Pacific and their overlap with oceanic protected areas, the fishing zoning, and the Thermal Dome | NA | WOS |
| WOS032 | NA | Paolo, Fernando S.; Lin, Tsu-Ting Tim; Gupta, Ritwik; Goodman, Bryce; Patel, Nirav; Kuster, Daniel; Kroodsma, David; Dunnmon, Jared | 2022 | xView3-SAR: Detecting Dark Fishing Activity Using Synthetic Aperture Radar Imagery | NA | WOS |
| WOS033 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0278481 | Staebler, Moritz; Letschert, Jonas; Fujitani, Marie; Partelow, Stefan | 2022 | Fish grabbing: Weak governance and productive waters are targets for distant water fishing | NA | WOS |
| WOS034 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-23688-7 | Kroodsma, David A.; Hochberg, Timothy; Davis, Pete B.; Paolo, Fernando S.; Joo, Rocio; Wong, Brian A. | 2022 | Revealing the global longline fleet with satellite radar | NA | WOS |
| WOS035 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11030353 | Snapir, Boris; Waine, Toby W.; Biermann, Lauren | 2019 | Maritime Vessel Classification to Monitor Fisheries with SAR: Demonstration in the North Sea | NA | WOS |
| WOS036 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s43016-020-0121-y | Long, Tony; Widjaja, Sjarief; Wirajuda, Hassan; Juwana, Stephanie | 2020 | Approaches to combatting illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing | NA | WOS |
| WOS037 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aao5646 | Kroodsma, David A.; Mayorga, Juan; Hochberg, Timothy; Miller, Nathan A.; Boerder, Kristina; Ferretti, Francesco; Wilson, Alex; Bergman, Bjorn; White, Timothy D.; Block, Barbara A.; Woods, Paul; Sullivan, Brian; Costello, Christopher; Worm, Boris | 2018 | Tracking the global footprint of fisheries | NA | WOS |
| WOS038 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abp8200 | Park, Jaeyoon; Van Osdel, Jennifer; Turner, Joanna; Farthing, Courtney M.; Miller, Nathan A.; Linder, Hannah L.; Crespo, Guillermo Ortuno; Carmine, Gabrielle; Kroodsma, David A. | 2023 | Tracking elusive and shifting identities of the global fishing fleet | NA | WOS |
| WOS039 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2022.105262 | Dunkley, Frith; Solandt, Jean-Luc | 2022 | Windfarms, fishing and benthic recovery: Overlaps, risks and opportunities | NA | WOS |
| WOS040 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2023.106673 | Parra, Hugo; Machete, Miguel; Santos, Marco; Bjorndal, Karen A.; Vandeperre, Frederic | 2023 | Incidental capture of sea turtles in the Northeast Atlantic Portuguese pelagic longline fishery | NA | WOS |
| WOS041 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2021.105925 | White, Easton R.; Baker-Medard, Merrill; Vakhitova, Valeriia; Farquhar, Samantha; Ramaharitra, Tendro Tondrasoa | 2022 | Distant water industrial fishing in developing countries: A case study of Madagascar | NA | WOS |
| WOS042 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rsma.2024.103632 | Cappa, Paolo; Andreoli, Vania; Krueger, Kai; Barrie, Shannon; La, Charlotte; Zeller, Dirk | 2024 | Estimating fisheries catch from space: Comparing catch estimates derived from AIS fishing effort with reported catches for Indian Ocean industrial fisheries | NA | WOS |
| WOS043 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40163-024-00210-0 | Petrossian, Gohar A.; Pires, Stephen F.; Spencer, M. Dylan; Cohen, Noah D. | 2024 | An empirical assessment of seaports as facilitators of FOC-flagged transshipment landings | NA | WOS |
| WOS044 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cobi.14114 | Barbour, Nicole; Shillinger, George L. L.; Gurarie, Eliezer; Hoover, Aimee L. L.; Gaspar, Philippe; Temple-Boyer, Julien; Candela, Tony; Fagan, William F. F.; Bailey, Helen | 2023 | Incorporating multidimensional behavior into a risk management tool for a critically endangered and migratory species | NA | WOS |
| WOS045 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aqc.3685 | Thompson, David R.; Goetz, Kimberly T.; Sagar, Paul M.; Torres, Leigh G.; Kroeger, Caitlin E.; Sztukowski, Lisa A.; Orben, Rachael A.; Hoskins, Andrew J.; Phillips, Richard A. | 2021 | The year-round distribution and habitat preferences of Campbell albatross (Thalassarche impavida) | NA | WOS |
| WOS046 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2020.107051 | Morgan, Nicole B.; Baco, Amy R. | 2021 | Recent fishing footprint of the high-seas bottom trawl fisheries on the Northwestern Hawaiian Ridge and Emperor Seamount Chain: A finer-scale approach to a large-scale issue | NA | WOS |
| WOS047 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fishes8100530 | Fei, Yingjie; Yang, Shenglong; Huang, Mengya; Wu, Xiaomei; Yang, Zhenzhen; Zhao, Jiangyue; Tang, Fenghua; Fan, Wei; Yuan, Sanling | 2023 | Evaluating Suitability of Fishing Areas for Squid-Jigging Vessels in the Northwest Pacific Ocean Derived from AIS Data | NA | WOS |
| WOS048 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0282374 | Chinacalle-Martinez, Nicole; Hearn, Alex R.; Boerder, Kristina; Posada, Juan Carlos Murillo; Lopez-Macias, Jean; Penaherrera-Palma, Cesar R. | 2024 | Fishing effort dynamics around the Galápagos Marine Reserve as depicted by AIS data | NA | WOS |
| WOS049 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11090995 | Hsu, Feng-Chi; Elvidge, Christopher D.; Baugh, Kimberly; Zhizhin, Mikhail; Ghosh, Tilottama; Kroodsma, David; Susanto, Adi; Budy, Wiryawan; Riyanto, Mochammad; Nurzeha, Ridwan; Sudarja, Yeppi | 2019 | Cross-Matching VIIRS Boat Detections with Vessel Monitoring System Tracks in Indonesia | NA | WOS |
| WOS050 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-06825-8 | Paolo, Fernando; Kroodsma, David; Raynor, Jennifer; Hochberg, Tim; Davis, Pete; Cleary, Jesse; Marsaglia, Luca; Orofino, Sara; Thomas, Christian; Halpin, Patrick | 2024 | Satellite mapping reveals extensive industrial activity at sea | NA | WOS |
| WOS051 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oneear.2020.11.017 | Carmine, Gabrielle; Mayorga, Juan; Miller, Nathan A.; Park, Jaeyoon; Halpin, Patrick N.; Crespo, Guillermo Ortuno; Osterblom, Henrik; Sala, Enric; Jacquet, Jennifer | 2020 | Who is the high seas fishing industry? | NA | WOS |
| WOS052 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/faf.12555 | Li, Mi-Ling; Ota, Yoshitaka; Underwood, Philip J.; Reygondeau, Gabriel; Seto, Katherine; Lam, Vicky W. Y.; Kroodsma, David; Cheung, William W. L. | 2021 | Tracking industrial fishing activities in African waters from space | NA | WOS |
| WOS053 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2023.1152226 | Coro, Gianpaolo; Sana, Lorenzo; Ferra, Carmen; Bove, Pasquale; Scarcella, Giuseppe | 2023 | Estimating hidden fishing activity hotspots from vessel transmitted data | NA | WOS |
| WOS054 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aat7789 | Kroodsma, David A.; Mayorga, Juan; Hochberg, Timothy; Miller, Nathan A.; Boerder, Kristina; Ferretti, Francesco; Wilson, Alex; Bergman, Bjorn; White, Timothy D.; Block, Barbara A.; Woods, Paul; Sullivan, Brian; Costello, Christopher; Worm, Boris | 2018 | Response to Comment on Tracking the global footprint of fisheries | NA | WOS |
| WOS055 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-28916-2 | Selig, Elizabeth R.; Nakayama, Shinnosuke; Wabnitz, Colette C. C.; Osterblom, Henrik; Spijkers, Jessica; Miller, Nathan A.; Bebbington, Jan; Sparks, Jessica L. Decker | 2022 | Revealing global risks of labor abuse and illegal, unreported, and unregulated fishing | NA | WOS |
| WOS056 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0281646 | Roux, Jerome; Bez, Nicolas; Rochet, Paul; Joo, Rocio; Mahevas, Stephanie | 2023 | Graphlet correlation distance to compare small graphs | NA | WOS |
| WOS057 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2022.106265 | Silva, Juan A.; Rivera-Hechem, Maria Ignacia; Hong, Corinna; Clawson, Gage; Hoover, Barbara Rose; Butera, Thomas; Oyanedel, Rodrigo; McDonald, Gavin; Jakub, Raymond; Muawanah, Umi; Zulham, Armen; Baihaki, Aki; Costello, Christopher | 2022 | Assessing the drivers of vessel tracking systems adoption for improved small-scale fisheries management | NA | WOS |
| WOS058 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2023.105751 | Hosch, Gilles; Miller, Nathan A.; Yvergniaux, Yann; Young, Elaine; Huntington, Tim | 2023 | IUU safe havens or PSMA ports: A global assessment of port State performance and risk | NA | WOS |
| WOS059 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aat2504 | Sala, Enric; Mayorga, Juan; Costello, Christopher; Kroodsma, David; Palomares, Maria L. D.; Pauly, Daniel; Rashid Sumaila, U.; Zeller, Dirk | 2018 | The economics of fishing the high seas | NA | WOS |
| WOS060 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/facets-2021-0122 | Bryndum-Buchholz, A.; Boerder, K.; Stanley, R. R. E.; Hurley, I; Boyce, D. G.; Dunmall, K. M.; Hunter, K. L.; Lotze, H. K.; Shackell, N. L.; Worm, B.; Tittensor, D. P. | 2022 | A climate-resilient marine conservation network for Canada | NA | WOS |
| WOS061 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-22184-2 | Hitt, Nicholas T.; Sinclair, Daniel J.; Neil, Helen L.; Fallon, Stewart J.; Komugabe-Dixson, Aimee; Fernandez, Denise; Sutton, Philip J.; Hellstrom, John C. | 2022 | Natural cycles in South Pacific Gyre strength and the Southern Annular Mode | NA | WOS |
| WOS062 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/csp2.12926 | Iacarella, Josephine C.; Burke, Lily; Clyde, Georgia; Wicks, Adam; Clavelle, Tyler; Dunham, Anya; Rubidge, Emily; Woods, Paul | 2023 | Application of AIS- and flyover-based methods to monitor illegal and legal fishing in Canada's Pacific marine conservation areas | NA | WOS |
| WOS063 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heares.2022.108679 | Zeyl, Jeffrey N.; Snelling, Edward P.; Clusella-Trullas, Susana; Joo, Rocio | 2023 | Scaling of ear morphology across 127 bird species and its implications for hearing performance | NA | WOS |
| WOS064 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abb1197 | Park, Jaeyoon; Lee, Jungsam; Seto, Katherine; Hochberg, Timothy; Wong, Brian A.; Miller, Nathan A.; Takasaki, Kenji; Kubota, Hiroshi; Oozeki, Yoshioki; Doshi, Sejal; Midzik, Maya; Hanich, Quentin; Sullivan, Brian; Woods, Paul; Kroodsma, David A. | 2020 | Illuminating dark fishing fleets in North Korea | NA | WOS |
| WOS065 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/faf.12436 | Belhabib, Dyhia; Cheung, William W. L.; Kroodsma, David; Lam, Vicky W. Y.; Underwood, Philip J.; Virdin, John | 2020 | Catching industrial fishing incursions into inshore waters of Africa from space | NA | WOS |
| WOS066 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40462-022-00322-9 | Joo, Rocio; Picardi, Simona; Boone, Matthew E.; Clay, Thomas A.; Patrick, Samantha C.; Romero-Romero, Vilma S.; Basille, Mathieu | 2022 | Recent trends in movement ecology of animals and human mobility | NA | WOS |
| WOS067 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109796 | Carneiro, Ana P. B.; Clark, Bethany L.; Pearmain, Elizabeth J.; Clavelle, Tyler; Wood, Andrew G.; Phillips, Richard A. | 2022 | Fine-scale associations between wandering albatrosses and fisheries in the southwest Atlantic Ocean | NA | WOS |
| WOS068 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/csp2.12919 | Iacarella, Josephine C.; Burke, Lily; Clyde, Georgia; Wicks, Adam; Clavelle, Tyler; Dunham, Anya; Rubidge, Emily; Woods, Paul | 2023 | Monitoring temporal and spatial trends of illegal and legal fishing in marine conservation areas across Canada's three oceans | NA | WOS |
| WOS069 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adl5528 | Welch, Heather; Clavelle, Tyler; White, Timothy D.; Cimino, Megan A.; Kroodsma, David; Hazen, Elliott L. | 2024 | Unseen overlap between fishing vessels and top predators in the northeast Pacific | NA | WOS |
| WOS070 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2024.1369447 | Lippi, Simona; Piroddi, Chiara; Graziano, Mariagrazia; Di Franco, Antonio | 2024 | Highlighting the gap on spatial regulatory data in the official MPAs databases | NA | WOS |
| WOS071 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/esr01251 | Good, S. D.; Gummery, M.; McLennan, S.; Dewar, K.; Votier, S. C.; Phillips, R. A. | 2023 | Evaluating the appropriateness of risk-based approaches to assess the sustainability of fishery impacts on seabirds | NA | WOS |
| WOS072 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0216819 | Guiet, Jerome; Galbraith, Eric; Kroodsma, David; Worm, Boris | 2019 | Seasonal variability in global industrial fishing effort | NA | WOS |
| WOS073 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2020.104200 | Seto, Katherine; Miller, Nathan; Young, Mark; Hanich, Quentin | 2022 | Toward transparent governance of transboundary fisheries: The case of Pacific tuna transshipment | NA | WOS |
| WOS074 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abq2109 | Welch, Heather; Clavelle, Tyler; White, Timothy D.; Cimino, Megan A.; Van Osdel, Jennifer; Hochberg, Timothy; Kroodsma, David; Hazen, Elliott L. | 2022 | Hot spots of unseen fishing vessels | NA | WOS |
| WOS075 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsab068 | Joo, Rocio; Bez, Nicolas; Etienne, Marie-Pierre; Marin, Pablo; Goascoz, Nicolas; Roux, Jerome; Mahevas, Stephanie | 2021 | Identifying partners at sea from joint movement metrics of pelagic pair trawlers | NA | WOS |
| WOS076 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.13968 | Gillies, Natasha; Weimerskirch, Henri; Thorley, Jack; Clay, Thomas A.; Lopez, Lucia Martina Martin; Joo, Rocio; Basille, Mathieu; Patrick, Samantha C. | 2023 | Boldness predicts plasticity in flight responses to winds | NA | WOS |
| WOS077 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0276623 | Laura Dans, Silvana; Agustin Luzenti, Elvio; Alberto Coscarella, Mariano; Joo, Rocio; Degrati, Mariana; Soledad Curcio, Nadia | 2022 | Seasonal variation and group size affect movement patterns of two pelagic dolphin species (Lagenorhynchus obscurus and Delphinus delphis) | NA | WOS |
| WOS078 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/faf.12285 | Dunn, Daniel C.; Jablonicky, Caroline; Crespo, Guillermo O.; McCauley, Douglas J.; Kroodsma, David A.; Boerder, Kristina; Gjerde, Kristina M.; Halpin, Patrick N. | 2018 | Empowering high seas governance with satellite vessel tracking data | NA | WOS |
| WOS079 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.add8125 | Seto, Katherine L.; Miller, Nathan A.; Kroodsma, David; Hanich, Quentin; Miyahara, Masanori; Saito, Rui; Boerder, Kristina; Tsuda, Masaki; Oozeki, Yoshioki; Urrutia, S. Osvaldo | 2023 | Fishing through the cracks: The unregulated nature of global squid fisheries | NA | WOS |
| WOS080 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/conl.12708 | Ferretti, Francesco; Jacoby, David M. P.; Pfleger, Mariah O.; White, Timothy D.; Dent, Felix; Micheli, Fiorenza; Rosenberg, Andrew A.; Crowder, Larry B.; Block, Barbara A. | 2020 | Shark fin trade bans and sustainable shark fisheries | NA | WOS |
| WOS081 | NA | Cimino, Megan a.; Welch, Heather; Santora, Jarrod a.; Kroodsma, David; Hazen, Elliott l.; Bograd, Steven j.; Warzybok, Pete; Jahncke, Jaime; Shaffer, Scott a. | 2024 | TRACKED GULLS HELP IDENTIFY POTENTIAL ZONES OF INTERACTION BETWEEN WHALES AND SHIPPING TRAFFIC | NA | WOS |
| WOS082 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aau3761 | White, Timothy D.; Ferretti, Francesco; Kroodsma, David A.; Hazen, Elliott L.; Carlisle, Aaron B.; Scales, Kylie L.; Bograd, Steven J.; Block, Barbara A. | 2019 | Predicted hotspots of overlap between highly migratory fishes and industrial fishing fleets in the northeast Pacific | NA | WOS |
| WOS083 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/acv.12768 | Carneiro, A. P. B.; Dias, M. P.; Oppel, S.; Pearmain, E. J.; Clark, B. L.; Wood, A. G.; Clavelle, T.; Phillips, R. A. | 2022 | Integrating immersion with GPS data improves behavioural classification for wandering albatrosses and shows scavenging behind fishing vessels mirrors natural foraging | NA | WOS |
| WOS084 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153150 | Zhang, Chongliang; Chen, Yong; Xu, Binduo; Xue, Ying; Ren, Yiping | 2022 | The dynamics of the fishing fleet in China Seas: A glimpse through AIS monitoring | NA | WOS |
| WOS085 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cobi.13584 | White, Timothy D.; Ong, Tiffany; Ferretti, Francesco; Block, Barbara A.; McCauley, Douglas J.; Micheli, Fiorenza; De Leo, Giulio A. | 2020 | Tracking the response of industrial fishing fleets to large marine protected areas in the Pacific Ocean | NA | WOS |
| WOS086 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsae038 | Gammage, Louise C.; Longo, Catherine S.; van Putten, Ingrid; Bucio-Bustos, Edaysi; Gordon, Andrew Kenneth; Lejbowicz, Amanda; Vergara-Solana, Francisco J. | 2024 | The power of collaboration in multifishery improvement initiatives | NA | WOS |
| WOS087 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/env.2876 | Panunzi, Greta; Moro, Stefano; Marques, Isa; Martino, Sara; Colloca, Francesco; Ferretti, Francesco; Lasinio, Giovanna Jona | 2024 | Estimating the spatial distribution of the white shark in the Mediterranean Sea via an integrated species distribution model accounting for physical barriers | NA | WOS |
| WOS088 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.adl4019 | Villasenor-Derbez, Juan Carlos; Costello, Christopher; Plantinga, Andrew J. | 2024 | A market for 30x30 in the ocean | NA | WOS |
| WOS089 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2218679120 | Gillies, Natasha; Lopez, Lucia Martina Martin; den Ouden, Olivier F. C.; Assink, Jelle D.; Basille, Mathieu; Clay, Thomas A.; Clusella-Trullas, Susana; Joo, Rocio; Weimerskirchi, Henri; Zampolli, Mario; Zeyl, Jeffrey N.; Patrick, Samantha C. | 2023 | Albatross movement suggests sensitivity to infrasound cues at sea | NA | WOS |
| WOS090 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.596619 | Curnick, David J.; Andrzejaczek, Samantha; Jacoby, David M. P.; Coffey, Daniel M.; Carlisle, Aaron B.; Chapple, Taylor K.; Ferretti, Francesco; Schallert, Robert J.; White, Timothy; Block, Barbara A.; Koldewey, Heather J.; Collen, Ben | 2020 | Behavior and Ecology of Silky Sharks Around the Chagos Archipelago and Evidence of Indian Ocean Wide Movement | NA | WOS |
| WOS091 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2024.106117 | Good, Stephanie D.; Mclennan, Shaun; Gummery, Matt; Lent, Rebecca; Essington, Timothy E.; Wallace, Bryan P.; Phillips, Richard A.; Peatman, Tom; Baker, G. Barry; Reid, Keith; Currey, Rohan J. C. | 2024 | Updating requirements for Endangered, Threatened and Protected species MSC Fisheries Standard v3.0 to operationalise best practices | NA | WOS |
| WOS092 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41893-019-0389-9 | Englander, Gabriel | 2019 | Property rights and the protection of global marine resources | NA | WOS |
| WOS093 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aau2161 | McCauley, Douglas J.; Jablonicky, Caroline; Allison, Edward H.; Golden, Christopher D.; Joyce, Francis H.; Mayorga, Juan; Kroodsma, David | 2018 | Wealthy countries dominate industrial fishing | NA | WOS |
| WOS094 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2023.102773 | Loveridge, Alexandra; Elvidge, Christopher D.; Kroodsma, David A.; White, Timothy D.; Evans, Karen; Kato, Akiko; Ropert-Coudert, Yan; Sommerfeld, Julia; Takahashi, Akinori; Patchett, Robert; Robira, Benjamin; Rutz, Christian; Sims, David W. | 2024 | Context-dependent changes in maritime traffic activity during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic | NA | WOS |
| WOS095 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/faf.12828 | Farchadi, Nima; Welch, Heather; Braun, Camrin D.; Allyn, Andrew J.; Bograd, Steven J.; Brodie, Stephanie; Hazen, Elliott L.; Kerney, Alex; Lezama-Ochoa, Nerea; Mills, Katherine E.; Pugh, Dylan; Young-Morse, Riley; Lewison, Rebecca L. | 2024 | Marine heatwaves redistribute pelagic fishing fleets | NA | WOS |
| WOS096 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2104563118 | McDonald, Gavin G.; Costello, Christopher; Bone, Jennifer; Cabral, Reniel B.; Farabee, Valerie; Hochberg, Timothy; Kroodsma, David; Mangin, Tracey; Meng, Kyle C.; Zahn, Oliver | 2021 | REPLY TO SWARTZ ET AL.: Challenges and opportunities for identifying forced labor using satellite-based fishing vessel monitoring | NA | WOS |
| WOS097 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2016238117 | McDonald, Gavin G.; Costello, Christopher; Bone, Jennifer; Cabral, Reniel B.; Farabee, Valerie; Hochberg, Timothy; Kroodsma, David; Mangin, Tracey; Meng, Kyle C.; Zahn, Oliver | 2021 | Satellites can reveal global extent of forced labor in the world's fishing fleet | NA | WOS |
| WOS098 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/acv.12961 | Rutter, J. D.; Borrelle, S. B.; Bose, S.; Carneiro, A. P. B.; Clark, B. L.; Debski, I.; Elliott, G.; Fischer, J. H.; Walker, K.; Pittman, S. J. | 2024 | A probabilistic time geographic approach to quantifying seabird-vessel interactions | NA | WOS |
| WOS099 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-47975-1 | Jacquemont, Juliette; Loiseau, Charles; Tornabene, Luke; Claudet, Joachim | 2024 | 3D ocean assessments reveal that fisheries reach deep but marine protection remains shallow | NA | WOS |
| WOS100 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aay9969 | Tittensor, Derek P.; Beger, Maria; Boerder, Kristina; Boyce, Daniel G.; Cavanagh, Rachel D.; Cosandey-Godin, Aurelie; Crespo, Guillermo Ortuno; Dunn, Daniel C.; Ghiffary, Wildan; Grant, Susie M.; Hannah, Lee; Halpin, Patrick N.; Harfoot, Mike; Heaslip, Susan G.; Jeffery, Nicholas W.; Kingston, Naomi; Lotze, Heike K.; McGowan, Jennifer; McLeod, Elizabeth; McOwen, Chris J.; O'Leary, Bethan C.; Schiller, Laurenne; Stanley, Ryan R. E.; Westhead, Maxine; Wilson, Kristen L.; Worm, Boris | 2019 | Integrating climate adaptation and biodiversity conservation in the global ocean | NA | WOS |
| WOS101 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s43017-024-00516-2 | Kebede, Endalkachew Abebe; Abou Ali, Hanan; Clavelle, Tyler; Froehlich, Halley E.; Gephart, Jessica A.; Hartman, Sarah; Herrero, Mario; Kerner, Hannah; Mehta, Piyush; Nakalembe, Catherine; Ray, Deepak K.; Siebert, Stefan; Thornton, Philip; Davis, Kyle Frankel | 2024 | Assessing and addressing the global state of food production data scarcity | NA | WOS |
| WOS102 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps13439 | Bonnet-Lebrun, Anne-Sophie; Catry, Paulo; Clark, Tyler J.; Campioni, Letizia; Kuepfer, Amanda; Tierny, Megan; Kilbride, Elizabeth; Wakefield, Ewan D. | 2020 | Habitat preferences, foraging behaviour and bycatch risk among breeding sooty shearwaters Ardenna grisea in the Southwest Atlantic | NA | WOS |
| WOS103 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010164 | Joo, Rocio; Sanchez-Tapia, Andrea; Mortara, Sara; Saibene, Yanina Bellini; Turner, Heather; Peter, Dorothea Hug; Morandeira, Natalia Soledad; Bannert, Matt; Almazrouq, Batool; Hare, Elizabeth; Acion, Laura; Narvaez-Gomez, Juan Pablo; Cordoba, Marcela Alfaro; Marini, Federico; Giordano, Rita; Canelon, Silvia; Ebou, Anicet; Upadhya, Adithi R.; Chavez, Joselyn; Ravi, Janani | 2022 | Ten simple rules to host an inclusive conference | NA | WOS |
| WOS104 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2023.1161580 | Gonzalez-Santana, Alberto; Oosterbaan, Marijn; Clavelle, Tyler; Maze, Guillaume; Notarstefano, Giulio; Poffa, Noe; Velez-Belchi, Pedro | 2023 | Analysis of the global shipping traffic for the feasibility of a structural recovery program of Argo floats | NA | WOS |
| WOS105 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.485512 | Van Vranken, Cooper; Vastenhoud, Berthe M. J.; Manning, James P.; Plet-Hansen, Kristian S.; Jakoboski, Julie; Gorringe, Patrick; Martinelli, Michela | 2020 | Fishing Gear as a Data Collection Platform: Opportunities to Fill Spatial and Temporal Gaps in Operational Sub-Surface Observation Networks | NA | WOS |
| WOS106 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2017.01.009 | White, Timothy D.; Carlisle, Aaron B.; Kroodsma, David A.; Block, Barbara A.; Casagrandi, Renato; De Leo, Giulio A.; Gatto, Marino; Michell, Fiorenza; McCauley, Douglas J. | 2017 | Assessing the effectiveness of a large marine protected area for reef shark conservation | NA | WOS |
| WOS107 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2021.104922 | Lozano, Alejandro J. Garcia; Sparks, Jessica L. Decker; Durgana, Davina P.; Farthing, Courtney M.; Fitzpatrick, Juno; Krough-Poulsen, Birgitte; McDonald, Gavin; McDonald, Sara; Ota, Yoshitaka; Sarto, Nicole; Cisneros-Montemayor, Andres M.; Lout, Gabrielle; Finkbeiner, Elena; Kittinger, John N. | 2022 | Decent work in fisheries: Current trends and key considerations for future research and policy | NA | WOS |
| WOS108 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.14270 | Popovic, Gordana; Mason, Tanya Jane; Drobniak, Szymon Marian; Marques, Tiago Andre; Potts, Joanne; Joo, Rocio; Altwegg, Res; Burns, Carolyn Claire Isabelle; Mccarthy, Michael Andrew; Johnston, Alison; Nakagawa, Shinichi; Mcmillan, Louise; Devarajan, Kadambari; Taggart, Patrick Leo; Wunderlich, Alison; Mair, Magdalena; Martinez-Lanfranco, Juan Andres; Lagisz, Malgorzata; Pottier, Patrice | 2024 | Four principles for improved statistical ecology | NA | WOS |
| WOS109 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2020.104377 | Wagner, Daniel; van der Meer, Liesbeth; Gorny, Matthias; Sellanes, Javier; Gaymer, Carlos F.; Soto, Eulogio H.; Easton, Erin E.; Friedlander, Alan M.; Lindsay, Dhugal J.; Molodtsova, Tina N.; Boteler, Ben; Durussel, Carole; Gjerde, Kristina M.; Currie, Duncan; Gianni, Matthew; Brooks, Cassandra M.; Shiple, Marianne J.; Wilhelm, T. Aulani; Quesada, Marco; Thomas, Tamara; Dunstan, Piers K.; Clark, Nichola A.; Villanueva, Luis A.; Pyle, Richard L.; Clark, Malcolm R.; Georgian, Samuel E.; Morgan, Lance E. | 2021 | The Salas y G ? omez and Nazca ridges: A review of the importance, opportunities and challenges for protecting a global diversity hotspot on the high seas | NA | WOS |
| WOS110 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2021.740027 | Patrick, Samantha C.; Assink, Jelle D.; Basille, Mathieu; Clusella-Trullas, Susana; Clay, Thomas A.; den Ouden, Olivier F. C.; Joo, Rocio; Zeyl, Jeffrey N.; Benhamou, Simon; Christensen-Dalsgaard, Jakob; Evers, Laeslo G.; Fayet, Annette L.; Koeppl, Christine; Malkemper, E. Pascal; Lopez, Lucia Martina Martin; Padget, Oliver; Phillips, Richard A.; Prior, Mark K.; Smets, Pieter S. M.; van Loon, E. Emiel | 2021 | Infrasound as a Cue for Seabird Navigation | NA | WOS |
| WOS111 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2021.105305 | Gimenez, Joan; Canadas, Ana; de Stephanis, Renaud; Ramirez, Francisco | 2021 | Expanding protected areas to encompass the conservation of the endangered common dolphin (Delphinus delphis) in the Alboran Sea | NA | WOS |
| WOS112 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1444-4 | Queiroz, Nuno; Humphries, Nicolas E.; Couto, Ana; Vedor, Marisa; da Costa, Ivo; Sequeira, Ana M. M.; Mucientes, Gonzalo; Santos, Antonio M.; Abascal, Francisco J.; Abercrombie, Debra L.; Abrantes, Katya; Acuna-Marrero, David; Afonso, Andre S.; Afonso, Pedro; Anders, Darrell; Araujo, Gonzalo; Arauz, Randall; Bach, Pascal; Barnett, Adam; Bernal, Diego; Berumen, Michael L.; Lion, Sandra Bessudo; Bezerra, Natalia P. A.; Blaison, Antonin V.; Block, Barbara A.; Bond, Mark E.; Bonfil, Ramon; Bradford, Russell W.; Braun, Camrin D.; Brooks, Edward J.; Brooks, Annabelle; Brown, Judith; Bruce, Barry D.; Byrne, Michael E.; Campana, Steven E.; Carlisle, Aaron B.; Chapman, Demian D.; Chapple, Taylor K.; Chisholm, John; Clarke, Christopher R.; Clua, Eric G.; Cochran, Jesse E. M.; Crochelet, Estelle C.; Dagorn, Laurent; Daly, Ryan; Cortes, Daniel Devia; Doyle, Thomas K.; Drew, Michael; Duffy, Clinton A. J.; Erikson, Thor; Espinoza, Eduardo; Ferreira, Luciana C.; Ferretti, Francesco; Filmalter, John D.; Fischer, G. Chris; Fitzpatrick, Richard; Fontes, Jorge; Forget, Fabien; Fowler, Mark; Francis, Malcolm P.; Gallagher, Austin J.; Gennari, Enrico; Goldsworthy, Simon D.; Gollock, Matthew J.; Green, Jonathan R.; Gustafson, Johan A.; Guttridge, Tristan L.; Guzman, Hector M.; Hammerschlag, Neil; Harman, Luke; Hazin, Fabio H. V.; Heard, Matthew; Hearn, Alex R.; Holdsworth, John C.; Holmes, Bonnie J.; Howey, Lucy A.; Hoyos, Mauricio; Hueter, Robert E.; Hussey, Nigel E.; Huveneers, Charlie; Irion, Dylan T.; Jacoby, David M. P.; Jewell, Oliver J. D.; Johnson, Ryan; Jordan, Lance K. B.; Jorgensen, Salvador J.; Joyce, Warren; Daly, Clare A. Keating; Ketchum, James T.; Klimley, A. Peter; Kock, Alison A.; Koen, Pieter; Ladino, Felipe; Lana, Fernanda O.; Lea, James S. E.; Llewellyn, Fiona; Lyon, Warrick S.; MacDonnell, Anna; Macena, Bruno C. L.; Marshall, Heather; McAllister, Jaime D.; McAuley, Rory; Meyer, Michael A.; Morris, John J.; Nelson, Emily R.; Papastamatiou, Yannis P.; Patterson, Toby A.; Penaherrera-Palma, Cesar; Pepperell, Julian G.; Pierce, Simon J.; Poisson, Francois; Quintero, Lina Maria; Richardson, Andrew J.; Rogers, Paul J.; Rohner, Christoph A.; Rowat, David R. L.; Samoilys, Melita; Semmens, Jayson M.; Sheaves, Marcus; Shillinger, George; Shivji, Mahmood; Singh, Sarika; Skomal, Gregory B.; Smale, Malcolm J.; Snyders, Laurenne B.; Soler, German; Soria, Marc; Stehfest, Kilian M.; Stevens, John D.; Thorrold, Simon R.; Tolotti, Mariana T.; Towner, Alison; Travassos, Paulo; Tyminski, John P.; Vandeperre, Frederic; Vaudo, Jeremy J.; Watanabe, Yuuki Y.; Weber, Sam B.; Wetherbee, Bradley M.; White, Timothy D.; Williams, Sean; Zarate, Patricia M.; Harcourt, Robert; Hays, Graeme C.; Meekan, Mark G.; Thums, Michele; Irigoien, Xabier; Eguiluz, Victor M.; Duarte, Carlos M.; Sousa, Lara L.; Simpson, Samantha J.; Southall, Emily J.; Sims, David W. | 2019 | Global spatial risk assessment of sharks under the footprint of fisheries | NA | WOS |
| WOS113 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2117440119 | Womersley, Freya C.; Humphries, Nicolas E.; Queiroz, Nuno; Vedor, Marisa; da Costa, Ivo; Furtado, Miguel; Tyminski, John P.; Abrantes, Katya; Araujo, Gonzalo; Bach, Steffen S.; Barnett, Adam; Berumen, Michael L.; Bessudo Lion, Sandra; Braun, Camrin D.; Clingham, Elizabeth; Cochran, Jesse E. M.; de la Parra, Rafael; Diamant, Stella; Dove, Alistair D. M.; Dudgeon, Christine L.; Erdmann, Mark, V; Espinoza, Eduardo; Fitzpatrick, Richard; Gonzalez Cano, Jaime; Green, Jonathan R.; Guzman, Hector M.; Hardenstine, Royale; Hasan, Abdi; Hazin, Fabio H., V; Hearn, Alex R.; Hueter, Robert E.; Jaidah, Mohammed Y.; Labaja, Jessica; Ladino, Felipe; Macena, Bruno C. L.; Morris Jr, John J.; Norman, Bradley M.; Penaherrera-Palma, Cesar; Pierce, Simon J.; Quintero, Lina M.; Ramirez-Macias, Deni; Reynolds, Samantha D.; Richardson, Anthony J.; Robinson, David P.; Rohner, Christoph A.; Rowat, David R. L.; Sheaves, Marcus; Shivji, Mahmood S.; Sianipar, Abraham B.; Skomal, Gregory B.; Soler, German; Syakurachman, Ismail; Thorrold, Simon R.; Webb, D. Harry; Wetherbee, Bradley M.; White, Timothy D.; Clavelle, Tyler; Kroodsma, David A.; Thums, Michele; Ferreira, Luciana C.; Meekan, Mark G.; Arrowsmith, Lucy M.; Lester, Emily K.; Meyers, Megan M.; Peel, Lauren R.; Sequeira, Ana M. M.; Eguiluz, Victor M.; Duarte, Carlos M.; Sims, David W. | 2022 | Global collision-risk hotspots of marine traffic and the world's largest fish, the whale shark | NA | WOS |
| WOS114 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/esr01169 | Jorgensen, Salvador J.; Micheli, Fiorenza; White, Timothy D.; Van Houtan, Kyle S.; Alfaro-Shigueto, Joanna; Andrzejaczek, Samantha; Arnoldi, Natalie S.; Baum, Julia K.; Block, Barbara; Britten, Gregory L.; Butner, Cheryl; Caballero, Susana; Cardenosa, Diego; Chapple, Taylor K.; Clarke, Shelley; Cortes, Enric; Dulvy, Nicholas K.; Fowler, Sarah; Gallagher, Austin J.; Gilman, Eric; Godley, Brendan J.; Graham, Rachel T.; Hammerschlag, Neil; Harry, Alastair, V; Heithaus, Michael R.; Hutchinson, Melanie; Huveneers, Charlie; Lowe, Chris G.; Lucifora, Luis O.; MacKeracher, Tracy; Mangel, Jeffrey C.; Martins, Ana Paula Barbosa; McCauley, Douglas J.; McClenachan, Loren; Mull, Christopher; Natanson, Lisa J.; Pauly, Daniel; Pazmino, Diana A.; Pistevos, Jennifer C. A.; Queiroz, Nuno; Roff, George; Shea, Brendan D.; Simpfendorfer, Colin A.; Sims, David W.; Ward-Paige, Christine; Worm, Boris; Ferretti, Francesco | 2022 | Emergent research and priorities for shark and ray conservation | NA | WOS |
| GS001 | NA | Nugent J | 2019 | Citizen Science: Collaborative Science Projects You Can Join: Global Fishing Watch | NA | GS |
| GS002 | NA | de Vos A,Emmert S,Watch GF | NA | Potential application of Automatic Identification System (AIS) data extracted from a public platform to monitor ship-strike of whales | NA | GS |
| GS003 | NA | Malarky L,Lowell B | 2018 | Avoiding detection: Global case studies of possible AIS avoidance | NA | GS |
| GS004 | NA | Kerry CR,Exeter OM,Witt MJ | 2022 | Monitoring global fishing activity in proximity to seamounts using automatic identification systems | NA | GS |
| GS005 | NA | Winnard S,Hochberg T,Miller N,Kroodsma D,Small C,Augustyn P | 2018 | A new method using AIS data to obtain independent compliance data to determine mitigation use at sea | NA | GS |
| GS006 | NA | Kalaiselvi VKG,Ranjani J,Sm VK,Others | 2022 | Illegal fishing detection using neural network | NA | GS |
| GS007 | NA | Watch GF | 2020 | Fisheries Intelligence Report | NA | GS |
| GS008 | NA | Hsu WW,Hong WS,Hu RH,Wang HH,Zhao JY | 2020 | A Framework to Learn Behaviours of Flag of Convenience Fishing Vessel Activities | NA | GS |
| GS009 | NA | Stevens H | 2023 | How disappearing ships could hold the clue to stopping illegal fishing | NA | GS |
| GS010 | NA | Block B,Ferretti F,White T,De Leo G,Hazen EL,Bograd SJ | 2016 | Assessing Anthropogenic Impacts on Tunas, Sharks and Billfishes with Direct Observations of Human Fishers on the High Seas | NA | GS |
| GS011 | NA | Gutierrez M,Daniels A,Jobbins G | 2018 | Fishing for data | NA | GS |
| GS012 | NA | Fishing AD | NA | Overview of the Project Goals and Methodology | NA | GS |
| GS013 | NA | Coro G,Pavirani L,Ellenbroek A | 2024 | Extracting Mediterranean Hidden Fishing Hotspots Through Big Data Mining | NA | GS |
| GS014 | NA | Dunn DC,Jablonicky C,Crespo GO,McCauley DJ,Kroodsma DA,Boerder K,Gjerde KM,Halpin PN | 2018 | Empowering high seas governance with satellite vessel tracking data | NA | GS |
| GS015 | NA | Jablonicky C,McCauley D,Kroodsma D,Boerder K,Dunn D | 2016 | Satellite tracking to monitor area-based management tools and identify governance gaps in fisheries beyond national jurisdiction | NA | GS |
| GS016 | NA | Li ML,Ota Y,Underwood PJ,Reygondeau G,Seto K,Lam VW,Kroodsma D,Cheung WW | 2021 | Tracking industrial fishing activities in African waters from space | NA | GS |
| GS017 | NA | Watson RA,Tidd A | 2018 | Mapping nearly a century and a half of global marine fishing: 1869--2015 | NA | GS |
| GS018 | NA | White TD,Ong T,Ferretti F,Block BA,McCauley DJ,Micheli F,De Leo GA | 2020 | Tracking the response of industrial fishing fleets to large marine protected areas in the Pacific Ocean | NA | GS |
| GS019 | NA | Belhabib D,Cheung WW,Kroodsma D,Lam VW,Underwood PJ,Virdin J | 2020 | Catching industrial fishing incursions into inshore waters of Africa from space | NA | GS |
| GS020 | NA | Morgan NB,Baco AR | 2021 | Recent fishing footprint of the high-seas bottom trawl fisheries on the Northwestern Hawaiian Ridge and Emperor Seamount Chain: A finer-scale approach to a large-scale issue | NA | GS |
| GS021 | NA | Woodill AJ,Kavanaugh M,Harte M,Watson JR | 2021 | Ocean seascapes predict distant-water fishing vessel incursions into exclusive economic zones | NA | GS |
| GS022 | NA | Clark BL,Irigoin-Lovera C,Gonzales-DelCarpio DD,Diaz-Santibañez I,Votier SC,Zavalaga CB | 2022 | Interactions between anchovy fisheries and Peruvian boobies revealed by bird-borne cameras and movement loggers | NA | GS |
| GS023 | NA | Watson R | 2019 | Global Fisheries Landings V4. 0 | NA | GS |
| GS024 | NA | Carneiro APB,Dias MP,Oppel S,Pearmain EJ,Clark BL,Wood AG,Clavelle T,Phillips RA | 2022 | Integrating immersion with GPS data improves behavioural classification for wandering albatrosses and shows scavenging behind fishing vessels mirrors natural foraging | NA | GS |
| GS025 | NA | Thompson DR,Goetz KT,Sagar PM,Torres LG,Kroeger CE,Sztukowski LA,Orben RA,Hoskins AJ,Phillips RA | 2021 | The year-round distribution and habitat preferences of Campbell albatross (Thalassarche impavida) | NA | GS |
| GS026 | NA | Seto K,Miller N,Young M,Hanich Q | 2022 | Toward transparent governance of transboundary fisheries: The case of Pacific tuna transshipment | NA | GS |
| GS027 | NA | Kroodsma D,Turner J,Luck C,Hochberg T,Miller N,Augustyn P,Prince S | 2023 | Global prevalence of setting longlines at dawn highlights bycatch risk for threatened albatross | NA | GS |
| GS028 | NA | Watson R | NA | Global Fisheries Landings V3. 0 [ARCHIVED VERSION] | NA | GS |
| GS029 | NA | Frankish CK,Phillips RA,Clay TA,Somveille M,Manica A | 2020 | Environmental drivers of movement in a threatened seabird: insights from a mechanistic model and implications for conservation | NA | GS |
| GS030 | NA | Xing Q,Yu H,Wang H,Ito SI,Chai F | 2023 | Mesoscale eddies modulate the dynamics of human fishing activities in the global midlatitude ocean | NA | GS |
| GS031 | NA | Iacarella JC,Burke L,Clyde G,Wicks A,Clavelle T,Dunham A,Rubidge E,Woods P | 2023 | Application of AIS-and flyover-based methods to monitor illegal and legal fishing in Canada's Pacific marine conservation areas | NA | GS |
| GS032 | NA | Vasudevan R,Chola C | 2024 | AI Based Approach for Transshipment Detection in the Maritime Domain | NA | GS |
| GS033 | NA | Welch H,Clavelle T,White TD,Cimino MA,Van Osdel J,Hochberg T,Kroodsma D,Hazen EL | 2022 | Hotspots of Unseen Fishing Vessels Illuminate Areas of Concern for Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing | NA | GS |
| GS034 | NA | Guggisberg S | 2019 | The roles of nongovernmental actors in improving compliance with fisheries regulations | NA | GS |
| GS035 | NA | Pereira JM,Ramos JA,Marques AM,Ceia FR,Krüger L,Votier SC,Paiva VH | 2021 | Low spatial overlap between foraging shearwaters during the breeding season and industrial fisheries off the west coast of Portugal | NA | GS |
| GS036 | NA | Arnoldi NS,Carlisle AB,Andrzejaczek S,Castleton MR,Micheli F,Schallert RJ,White TD,Block BA | 2024 | Salmon shark seasonal site fidelity demonstrates the influence of scale on identifying potential high-use areas and vulnerabilities | NA | GS |
| GS037 | NA | Morse M,McCauley D,Orofino S,Stears K,Mladjov S,Caselle J,Clavelle T,Freedman R | 2024 | Preferential selection of marine protected areas by the recreational scuba diving industry | NA | GS |
| GS038 | NA | Zhao Z,Chen J,Shi Y,Hong F,Jiang G,Huang H,Zhao J | 2024 | HiTrip: Historical trajectory interpolation for trawlers via deep learning on multi-source data | NA | GS |
| GS039 | NA | Betsill JD | 2017 | Small Vessel Smuggling of Nuclear and Radiological Material: Innovative Monitoring Approaches for Emerging Maritime Security Threat in the Indian Ocean Region | NA | GS |
| GS040 | NA | Iacarella JC,Burke L,Clyde G,Wicks A,Clavelle T,Dunham A,Rubidge E,Woods P | 2023 | Monitoring temporal and spatial trends of illegal and legal fishing in marine conservation areas across Canada's three oceans | NA | GS |
| GS041 | NA | Kuczenski B,Vargas Poulsen C,Gilman EL,Musyl M,Geyer R,Wilson J | 2022 | Plastic gear loss estimates from remote observation of industrial fishing activity | NA | GS |
| GS042 | NA | Song AM,Scholtens J,Barclay K,Bush SR,Fabinyi M,Adhuri DS,Haughton M | 2020 | Collateral damage? Small-scale fisheries in the global fight against IUU fishing | NA | GS |
| GS043 | NA | Robards MD,Silber GK,Adams JD,Arroyo J,Lorenzini D,Schwehr K,Amos J | 2016 | Conservation science and policy applications of the marine vessel Automatic Identification System (AIS)—a review | NA | GS |
| GS044 | NA | Willis-Norton E,Mangin T,Schroeder DM,Cabral RB,Gaines SD | 2024 | A synthesis of socioeconomic and sociocultural indicators for assessing the impacts of offshore renewable energy on fishery participants and fishing communities | NA | GS |
| GS045 | NA | Müller OJ,Peters K | 2024 | Positioning possibilities for human geographies of the sea: Automatic Identification Systems and its role in spatialising understandings of shipping | NA | GS |
| GS046 | NA | Nomura KJ,Woodill AJ,Sweeney J,Harte M,Jameal FS,Watson JR | 2024 | Emergent geopolitical risks from fishing activities and past conflicts in the Pacific Ocean | NA | GS |
| GS047 | NA | Guida R,Rodger M,Bissonauth V,Soreefan Z,Hurnath P,Matthews M,Elseoud A | 2023 | Nereus: A Space-Based Maritime Surveillance System for Fisheries Monitoring and Anomaly Detection | NA | GS |
| GS048 | NA | Harden-Davies H | 2021 | Marine Technology Transfer | NA | GS |
| GS049 | NA | Yap XS | NA | Opportunities and Challenges of Space-based Infrastructures for Arctic governance: Assessment from an innovation system perspective | NA | GS |
| GS050 | NA | Loveridge A,Elvidge CD,Kroodsma DA,White TD,Evans K,Kato A,Ropert-Coudert Y,Sommerfeld J,Takahashi A,Patchett R,Others | 2024 | Context-dependent changes in maritime traffic activity during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic | NA | GS |
| GS051 | NA | Hespanha JP,Garagić D | 2020 | Optimal Sensor Selection for Binary Detection based on Stochastic Submodular Optimization | NA | GS |
| GS052 | NA | Rutter JD,Borrelle SB,Bose S,Carneiro APB,Clark BL,Debski I,Elliott G,Fischer JH,Walker K,Pittman SJ | 2024 | A probabilistic time geographic approach to quantifying seabird-vessel interactions | NA | GS |
| GS053 | NA | Jing Y,Liu Y | 2024 | Spatiotemporally explicit risk assessment of fishing grounds in Asian waters | NA | GS |
| GS054 | NA | Panunzi G,Moro S,Marques I,Martino S,Colloca F,Ferretti F,Jona Lasinio G | 2024 | Estimating the spatial distribution of the white shark in the Mediterranean Sea via an integrated species distribution model accounting for physical barriers | NA | GS |
| GS055 | NA | Fromant A,Collet J,Vansteenberghe C,Musseau R,Filippi D,Delord K,Barbraud C | 2024 | Fine-scale behaviour and population estimates suggest low exposure but do not exclude high sensitivity to bycatch for Endangered sooty albatrosses | NA | GS |
| GS056 | NA | Spedicato MT,Cannas R,Mahe K,Morales B,Tsigenopoulos C,Zane L,Kavadas S,Maina I,Scarcella G,Sartor P,Others | 2021 | Study on advancing fisheries assessment and management advice in the Mediterranean by aligning biological and management units of priority species. MED_UNITs | NA | GS |
| GS057 | NA | Patel SH | NA | KAREN L. JONES | NA | GS |
| GS058 | NA | Vince J,Hardesty BD,Wilcox C | 2021 | Progress and challenges in eliminating illegal fishing | NA | GS |
| GS059 | NA | Rodríguez JP,Klemm K,Duarte CM,Eguíluz VM | 2024 | Shipping traffic through the Arctic Ocean: spatial distribution, temporal evolution and its dependence on the sea ice extent | NA | GS |
| GS060 | NA | Fischer JH,Debski I,Spitz DB,Taylor GA,Wittmer HU | 2021 | Year-round offshore distribution, behaviour, and overlap with commercial fisheries of a Critically Endangered small petrel | NA | GS |
| GS061 | NA | Bernabé P,Gotlieb A,Legeard B,Marijan D,Sem-Jacobsen FO,Spieker H | 2023 | Detecting Intentional AIS Shutdown in Open Sea Maritime Surveillance Using Self-Supervised Deep Learning | NA | GS |
| GS062 | NA | Yang S,Wang L,Fei Y,Zhang S,Yu L,Zhang H,Wang F,Wu Y,Wu Z,Wang W,Others | 2024 | Spatio-temporal variability of fishing habitat suitability to tuna purse seine fleet in the Western and Central Pacific Ocean | NA | GS |
| GS063 | NA | Zec M,Mihalić I,Engelen D | 2023 | REPORT ABOUT SEABIRD AND FISHERIES INTERACTION: EXPLORATIVE BYCATCH RISK ANALYSES | NA | GS |
| GS064 | NA | Rance L | NA | Bottom trawling in UK’s marine reserves, legally, is apparently a thing | NA | GS |
| GS065 | NA | Watson JR,Woodill AJ | 2022 | Detecting illegal maritime activities from anomalous multiscale fleet behaviours | NA | GS |
| GS066 | NA | Recio-Blanco X,Amos J,Carney W,Goldberg M | 2019 | Technology and the seas: enforcement in marine protected areas | NA | GS |
| GS067 | NA | Hespanha JP,Garagić D | 2019 | Sensor-reveal games | NA | GS |
| GS068 | NA | Li H,Jia P,Wang X,Yang Z,Wang J,Kuang H | 2023 | Ship carbon dioxide emission estimation in coastal domestic emission control areas using high spatial-temporal resolution data: A China case | NA | GS |
| GS069 | NA | Rodger M,Guida R | 2023 | Revealing Dark Vessels in the Mauritius Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) Using Multi-Temporal SAR and AIS Data | NA | GS |
| GS070 | NA | McCarthy N,CaJacob D,Kawamoto D | 2017 | Eating Your Own Big-Data Dogfood: Exquisite Collection with Non-Exquisite Hardware | NA | GS |
| GS071 | NA | Widjaja S,Long T,Wirajuda H,Van As H,Bergh PE,Brett A,Copeland D,Fernandez M,Gusman A,Juwana S,Others | 2023 | Illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and associated drivers | NA | GS |
| GS072 | NA | Filippi DP,Elliott G | 2022 | Use of Innovative Tag Technology to Examine Foraging Patterns of Seabirds and Association with Fishing Vessels | NA | GS |
| GS073 | NA | Rowlanda Z | 2022 | Analysis of the impact of volcanic eruptions on fishery resources using Earth Observation data Zachary Rowlanda*, Minh-Trang Nguyen Thib, Georgia Christodoulouc, Eva Fernández-Rodríguezd*, Chukwuma J | NA | GS |
| GS074 | NA | Díaz H,Soares CG | 2020 | An integrated GIS approach for site selection of floating offshore wind farms in the Atlantic continental European coastline | NA | GS |
| GS075 | NA | Mazurek R,Burroughs L | NA | WHO’S IN YOUR BACKYARD? | NA | GS |
| GS076 | NA | Dudev E,Meijer M | NA | Detecting suspicious ship outages in the AIS protocol | NA | GS |
| GS077 | NA | Delord K,Poupart T,Gasco N,Weimerskirch H,Barbraud C | 2022 | First evidence of migration across the South Pacific in endangered Amsterdam albatross and conservation implications | NA | GS |
| GS078 | NA | Kapsar K,Sullender B,Liu J,Poe A | 2022 | North Pacific and Arctic marine traffic dataset (2015--2020) | NA | GS |
| GS079 | NA | Acuña Barros JA | 2018 | Feasibility study on the expansion to phases 2 and 3 of the global record of fishing vessels, refrigerated transport vessels and supply vessels | NA | GS |
| GS080 | NA | Bunwaree P | 2023 | The illegality of fishing vessels ‘going dark’and methods of deterrence | NA | GS |
| GS081 | NA | Gimeno M,Giménez J,Chiaradia A,Davis LS,Seddon PJ,Ropert-Coudert Y,Reisinger RR,Coll M,Ramírez F | 2024 | Climate and human stressors on global penguin hotspots: Current assessments for future conservation | NA | GS |
| GS082 | NA | Oloruntobi O,Chuah LF,Mokhtar K,Gohari A,Rady A,Abo-Eleneen RE,Akhtar MS,Mubashir M | 2024 | Decarbonising ASEAN coastal shipping: Addressing climate change and coastal ecosystem issues through sustainable carbon neutrality strategies | NA | GS |
| GS083 | NA | Walton GW,Keen M,Hanich Q | 2022 | Can greater transparency improve the sustainability of Pacific fisheries? | NA | GS |
| GS084 | NA | Bonnet-Lebrun AS,Catry P,Clark TJ,Campioni L,Kuepfer A,Tierny M,Kilbride E,Wakefield ED | 2020 | Habitat preferences, foraging behaviour and bycatch risk among breeding sooty shearwaters Ardenna grisea in the Southwest Atlantic | NA | GS |
| GS085 | NA | Coro G,Tassetti AN,Armelloni EN,Pulcinella J | NA | COVID-19 lockdowns reveal the resilience of Adriatic Sea fisheries to forced fishing effort reduction-Supplementary Information | NA | GS |
| GS086 | NA | De Santo EM | 2018 | Implementation challenges of area-based management tools (ABMTs) for biodiversity beyond national jurisdiction (BBNJ) | NA | GS |
| GS087 | NA | Vilas D,Coll M,Corrales X,Steenbeek J,Piroddi C,Macias D,Ligas A,Sartor P,Claudet J | 2021 | Current and potential contributions of the Gulf of Lion Fisheries Restricted Area to fisheries sustainability in the NW Mediterranean Sea | NA | GS |
| GS088 | NA | Ebrahimirad AA | 2024 | Technologies of Transparency: The Role of Information and Communications Technologies in Promoting Labour Rights in Distant Water Fisheries | NA | GS |
| GS089 | NA | Frawley TH,Muhling B,Brodie S,Blondin H,Welch H,Arostegui MC,Bograd SJ,Braun CD,Cimino MA,Farchadi N,Others | 2024 | Dynamic human, oceanographic, and ecological factors mediate transboundary fishery overlap across the Pacific high seas | NA | GS |
| GS090 | NA | Gutierrez M,Lemma A,Gutierrez G,Montenegro C | 2024 | Fishy Business | NA | GS |
| GS091 | NA | Drinkwin J | 2022 | Reporting and retrieval of lost fishing gear: recommendations for developing effective programmes | NA | GS |
| GS092 | NA | Phillips-Levine T,Phillips-Levine D,Mills W | NA | Tag Archives: featured | NA | GS |
| GS093 | NA | Read AD,McBride C,Spencer T,Anderson P,Smith J,Costa T,Clementz S,Dowd A | 2019 | Preventing noncompliance in marine protected areas using a real-time alert system | NA | GS |
| GS094 | NA | Bargnesi F,Moro S,Leone A,Giovos I,Ferretti F | 2022 | New technologies can support data collection on endangered shark species in the Mediterranean Sea | NA | GS |
| GS095 | NA | Telesetsky A | 2014 | Scuttling IUU fishing and rewarding sustainable fishing: Enhancing the effectiveness of the port state measures agreement with trade-related measures | NA | GS |
| GS096 | NA | Hassan A,Khokhar SS | 2024 | Internet of Things-Enabled Vessel Monitoring System for Enhanced Maritime Safety and Tracking at Sea | NA | GS |
| GS097 | NA | Darby JH,de Grissac S,Arneill GE,Pirotta E,Waggitt JJ,Börger L,Shepard E,Cabot D,Owen E,Bolton M,Others | 2021 | Foraging distribution of breeding northern fulmars is predicted by commercial fisheries | NA | GS |
| GS098 | NA | Van As H,Bergh PE,Brett A,Copeland D,Fernandez M,Gusman A,Juwana S,Ruchimat T,Trent S,Wilcox C | NA | Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing and Associated Drivers | NA | GS |
| GS099 | NA | Pécastaing N,Salavarriga J | 2022 | The potential impact of fishing in peruvian marine protected areas (MPAs) on artisanal fishery poverty during El Niño events | NA | GS |
| GS100 | NA | Rousseau Y | 2020 | Predicting the future of global seafood production | NA | GS |
| GS101 | NA | Pacific MA | 2021 | The quantification of illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing in the Pacific Islands region--A 2020 update | NA | GS |
| GS102 | NA | Chawla AK,Pvsm A,Nm VSM,Suri CG | NA | Maritime Domain Awareness (MDA) in the Indo-Pacific and the Way Ahead for Indo-Pacific Partnership for MDA (IPMDA) | NA | GS |
| GS103 | NA | Mao X,Meng Z | 2022 | Decarbonizing China’s coastal shipping: The role of fuel efficiency and low-carbon fuels | NA | GS |
| GS104 | NA | Morgan NB | 2021 | A Multiple Scale Approach to Understand Connectivity and Fragmentation of Seamount Megafaunal Assemblages in the North Pacific | NA | GS |
| GS105 | NA | Vilás González D,Coll M,Corrales X,Steenbeek J,Piroddi C,Macías D,Ligas A,Sartor P,Claudet J | 2021 | Current and potential contributions of the Gulf of Lion Fisheries Restricted Area to fisheries sustainability in the NW Mediterranean Sea | NA | GS |
| GS106 | NA | Statistics CW | NA | FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Report No. 1213 FIAS/R1213 (En) | NA | GS |
| GS107 | NA | Pierucci A,Xuan AN,Kraan C,Bradshaw C,Garcia C,Mangano MC,Smith C,van Denderen D,Connor D,Punzo E,Others | 2022 | Working Group on Fisheries Benthic Impact and Trade-offs (WGFBIT; outputs from 2021 meeting) | NA | GS |
| GS108 | NA | Morales NA,Heidemeyer M,Bauer R,Hernández S,Acuña E,van Gennip SJ,Friedlander AM,Gaymer CF | 2021 | Residential movements of top predators in Chile’s most isolated marine protected area: Implications for the conservation of the Galapagos shark, Carcharhinus galapagensis, and the yellowtail amberjack, Seriola lalandi | NA | GS |
| GS109 | NA | Wright G,Rochette J,Gjerde K,Seeger I | 2018 | The long and winding road: negotiating a treaty for the conservation and sustainable use of marine biodiversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction | NA | GS |
| GS110 | NA | Solway H | 2023 | Assessing changing Baleen whale distributions and incidents relative to vessel activity | NA | GS |
| GS111 | NA | Kannell D | 2023 | Essays in Environmental and Resource Economics | NA | GS |
| GS112 | NA | Bakker K | 2024 | Gaia's Web: How Digital Environmentalism Can Combat Climate Change, Restore Biodiversity, Cultivate Empathy, and Regenerate the Earth | NA | GS |
| GS113 | NA | Paradis Vilar S | 2020 | Physical and Biogeochemical Impacts of Deep Bottom Trawling in Sedimentary Environments of the Western Mediterranean | NA | GS |
| GS114 | NA | Crespo GA | 2020 | Opportunities for Enhancing an Ecosystem-based Approach to Pelagic Fisheries Management in the High Seas | NA | GS |
| GS115 | NA | Chevrot A | 2022 | Detection of contextual anomalies in air traffic data using neural network models | NA | GS |
| GS116 | NA | Cabanelas AM,Quelch GD,Von Kistowski K,Young M,Carrara G,Aneiros AR,Artés RF,Ásmundsson S,Kuemlangan B,Camilleri M | 2020 | Transshipment: a closer look An in-depth study in support of the development of international guidelines | NA | GS |
| GS117 | NA | Almpanidou V,Doxa A,Mazaris AD | 2021 | Combining a cumulative risk index and species distribution data to identify priority areas for marine biodiversity conservation in the Black Sea | NA | GS |
| GS118 | NA | Baldwin CW,Palin PJ,Nieto-Gomez R,Day J | 2016 | Deterrence Impact Modeling Environment (DIME) Proof-of-Concept Test Evaluations and Findings | NA | GS |
| GS119 | NA | Rotjan RD | 2019 | evidence and patterns of tuna spawning inside a large no-take Marine protected Area | NA | GS |
| GS120 | NA | Granholm G,Aarsæther KG,Uriondo Z,Quincozes I,Jensen JH,Haugen J | 2017 | D3. 1 Fishery Pilot Definition | NA | GS |
| GS121 | NA | Leung L | 2023 | Should There Be a Negligence Exception to the Autonomy Principle for Letters of Credit? | NA | GS |
| GS122 | NA | Darby J | 2023 | Ollscoil na hÉireann, Corcaigh | NA | GS |
| GS123 | NA | Darby J | 2023 | How seabirds respond to a changing oceanic environment: a | NA | GS |
| GFW001 | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-06825-8 | Fernando S. Paolo, David Kroodsma, Jennifer Raynor, Tim Hochberg, Pete Davis, Jesse Cleary, Luca Marsaglia, Sara Orofino, Christian Thomas, Patrick Halpin | 2024 | Satellite mapping reveals extensive industrial activity at sea | NA | GFW |
| GFW002 | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2023.110026 | David Kroodsma, Joanna Turner, Cian Luck, Tim Hochberg, Nathan Miller, Philip Augustyn, Stephanie Prince | 2023 | Global prevalence of setting longlines at dawn highlights bycatch risk for threatened albatross | NA | GFW |
| GFW003 | https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.add8125 | Katherine L. Seto, Nathan A. Miller, David Kroodsma, Quentin Hanich, Masanori Miyahara, Rui Saito, Kristina Boerder, Masaki Tsuda, Yoshioki Oozeki, Osvaldo Urrutia S. | 2023 | Fishing through the cracks: The unregulated nature of global squid fisheries | NA | GFW |
| GFW004 | https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abp8200 | Jaeyoon Park, Jennifer Van Osdel, Joanna Turner, Courtney M. Farthing, Nathan A. Miller, Hannah L. Linder, Guillermo Ortuño Crespo, Gabrielle Carmine, David A. Kroodsma | 2023 | Tracking elusive and shifting identities of the global fishing fleet | NA | GFW |
| GFW005 | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-23688-7 | David A. Kroodsma, Timothy Hochberg, Pete B. Davis, Fernando S. Paolo, Rocío Joo, Brian A. Wong | 2022 | Revealing the global longline fleet with satellite radar | NA | GFW |
| GFW006 | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109796 | Ana P.B. Carneiro, Bethany L. Clark, Elizabeth J. Pearmain, Tyler Clavelle, Andrew G. Wood, Richard A. Phillips | 2022 | Fine-scale associations between wandering albatrosses and fisheries in the southwest Atlantic Ocean | NA | GFW |
| GFW007 | https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abq2109 | Heather Welch, Tyler Clavelle, Timothy D. White, Megan A. Cimino, Jennifer Van Osdel, Timothy Hochberg, David Kroodsma, Elliott L. Hazen | 2022 | Hot spots of unseen fishing vessels | NA | GFW |
| GFW008 | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2022.106265 | Juan A. Silva, María Ignacia Rivera-Hechem, Corinna Hong, Gage Clawson, Barbara Rose Hoover, Thomas Butera, Rodrigo Oyanedel, Gavin McDonald, Raymond Jakub, Umi Muawanah, Armen Zulham, Aki Baihaki, Christopher Costello | 2022 | Assessing the drivers of vessel tracking systems adoption for improved small-scale fisheries management | NA | GFW |
| GFW009 | https://doi.org/10.1111/acv.12768 | A P B Carneiro, M P Dias, S Oppel, E J Pearmain, B L Clark, A G Wood, T Clavelle, R A Phillips | 2022 | Integrating immersion with GPS data improves behavioural classification for wandering albatrosses and shows scavenging behind fishing vessels mirrors natural foraging | NA | GFW |
| GFW010 | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-28916-2 | Elizabeth R. Selig, Shinnosuke Nakayama, Colette C. C. Wabnitz, Henrik Österblom, Jessica Spijkers, Nathan A. Miller, Jan Bebbington, Jessica L. Decker Sparks | 2022 | Revealing global risks of labor abuse and illegal, unreported, and unregulated fishing | NA | GFW |
| GFW011 | https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2117440119 | Freya C. Womersley, Nicolas E. Humphries, Nuno Queiroz, Marisa Vedor, Ivo da Costa, Miguel Furtado, John P. Tyminski, Katya Abrantes, Gonzalo Araujo, Steffen S. Bach, Adam Barnett, Michael L. Berumen, Sandra Bessudo Lion, Camrin D. Braun, Elizabeth Clingham, Jesse E. M. Cochran, Rafael de la Parra, Stella Diamant, Alistair D. M. Dove, Christine L. Dudgeon, Mark V. Erdmann, Eduardo Espinoza, Richard Fitzpatrick, Jaime Gonzalez Cano, Jonathan R. Green, Hector M. Guzman, Royale Hardenstine, Abdi Hasan, Fabio H. V. Hazin, Alex R. Hearn, Robert E. Hueter, Mohammed Y. Jaidah, Jessica Labaja, Felipe Ladino, Bruno C. L. Macena, John J. Morris Jr., Bradley M. Norman, Cesar Penaherrera-Palma, Simon J. Pierce, Lina M. Quintero, Deni Ramirez-Macias, Samantha D. Reynolds, Anthony J. Richardson, David P. Robinson, Christoph A. Rohner, David R. L. Rowat, Marcus Sheaves, Mahmood S. Shivji, Abraham B. Sianipar, Gregory B. Skomal, German Soler, Ismail Syakurachman, Simon R. Thorrold, D. Harry Webb, Bradley M. Wetherbee, Timothy D. White, Tyler Clavelle, David A. Kroodsma, Michele Thums, Luciana C. Ferreira, Mark G. Meekan, Lucy M. Arrowsmith, Emily K. Lester, Megan M. Meyers, Lauren R. Peel, Ana M. M. Sequeira, Victor M. Eguiluz, Carlos M. Duarte,David W. Sims | 2022 | Global collision-risk hotspots of marine traffic and the world’s largest fish, the whale shark | NA | GFW |
| GFW012 | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2021.104922 | Alejandro J. Garcia Lozano, Jessica L. Decker Sparks, Davina P. Durgana, Courtney M. Farthing, Juno Fitzpatrick, Birgitte Krough-Poulsen, Gavin McDonald, Sara McDonald, Yoshitaka Ota, Nicole Sarto, Andres M. Cisneros-Montemayor, Gabrielle Lout, Elena Finkbeiner, John N. Kittinger | 2022 | Decent work in fisheries: Current trends and key considerations for future research and policy | NA | GFW |
| GFW013 | https://doi.org/10.1111/faf.12555 | Mi-Ling Li, Yoshitaka Ota, Philip J. Underwood, Gabriel Reygondeau, Katherine Seto, Vicky W. Y. Lam, David Kroodsma, William W. L. Cheung | 2021 | Tracking industrial fishing activities in African waters from space | NA | GFW |
| GFW014 | https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.13849 | Rachael A. Orben, Josh Adams, Michelle Hester, Scott A. Shaffer, Robert M. Suryan, Tomohiro Deguchi, Kiyoaki Ozaki, Fumio Sato, Lindsay C. Young, Corey Clatterbuck, Melinda G. Conners, David A. Kroodsma, Leigh G. Torres | 2021 | Across borders: External factors and prior behaviour influence North Pacific albatross associations with fishing vessels | NA | GFW |
| GFW015 | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03371-z | Enric Sala, Juan Mayorga, Darcy Bradley, Reniel B. Cabral, Trisha B. Atwood, Arnaud Auber, William Cheung, Christopher Costello, Francesco Ferretti, Alan M. Friedlander, Steven D. Gaines, Cristina Garilao, Whitney Goodell, Benjamin S. Halpern, Audra Hinson, Kristin Kaschner, Kathleen Kesner-Reyes, Fabien Leprieur, Jennifer McGowan, Lance E. Morgan, David Mouillot, Juliano Palacios-Abrantes, Hugh P. Possingham, Kristin D. Rechberger, Boris Worm & Jane Lubchenco | 2021 | Protecting the global ocean for biodiversity, food and climate | NA | GFW |
| GFW016 | https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2016238117 | Gavin G. McDonald, Christopher Costello, Jennifer Bone, Reniel B. Cabral, Valerie Farabee, Timothy Hochberg, David Kroodsma, Tracey Mangin, Kyle C. Meng, Oliver Zahn | 2020 | Satellites can reveal global extent of forced labor in the world’s fishing fleet | NA | GFW |
| GFW017 | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oneear.2020.11.017 | Gabrielle Carmine, Juan Mayorga, Nathan A. Miller, Jaeyoon Park, Patrick N. Halpin, Guillermo Ortuno Crespo, Henrik Osterblom, Enric Sala, Jennifer Jacquet | 2020 | Who is the high seas fishing industry? | NA | GFW |
| GFW018 | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2020.104200 | Katherine Seto, Nathan Miller, Mark Young, Quentin Hanich | 2020 | Toward transparent governance of transboundary fisheries: The case of Pacific tuna transshipment | NA | GFW |
| GFW019 | https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.13584 | Timothy D. White, Tiffany Ong, Francesco Ferretti, Barbara A. Block, Douglas J. McCauley, Fiorenza Micheli, Giulio A. De Leo | 2020 | Tracking the response of industrial fishing fleets to large marine protected areas in the Pacific Ocean | NA | GFW |
| GFW020 | https://doi.org/10.1007/s11625-020-00865-z | Christopher Costello, Katherine Millage, Sabrina Eisenbarth, Elsa Galarza, Gakushi Ishimura, Laura Lea Rubino, Vienna Saccomanno, U. Rashid Sumaila & Kent Strauss | 2020 | Ambitious subsidy reform by the WTO presents opportunities for ocean health restoration | NA | GFW |
| GFW021 | https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abb1197 | Jaeyoon Park, Jungsam Lee, Katherine Seto, Timothy Hochberg, Brian A. Wong, Nathan A. Miller, Kenji Takasaki, Hiroshi Kubota, Yoshioki Oozeki, Sejal Doshi, Maya Midzik, Quentin Hanich, Brian Sullivan, Paul Woods, David A. Kroodsma | 2020 | Illuminating dark fishing fleets in North Korea | NA | GFW |
| GFW022 | https://doi.org/10.1038/s43016-020-0121-y | Tony Long, Sjarief Widjaja, Hassan Wirajuda, Stephanie Juwana | 2020 | Approaches to combatting illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing | NA | GFW |
| GFW023 | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2020.103927 | Morgan E. Visalli, Benjamin D. Best, Reniel B. Cabral, William W.L. Cheung, Nichola A. Clark, Cristina Garilao, Kristin Kaschner, Kathleen Kesner-Reyes, Vicky W., Y. Lam, Sara M. Maxwell, Juan Mayorga, Holly V. Moeller, Lance Morgan, Guillermo Ortuno Crespo, Malin L. Pinsky, Timothy D. White, Douglas J. McCauley | 2020 | Data-driven approach for highlighting priority areas for protection in marine areas beyond national jurisdiction | NA | GFW |
| GFW024 | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41893-019-0459-z | Villaseñor-Derbez J.C., Lynham J., Costello C | 2020 | Environmental market design for large-scale marine conservation | NA | GFW |
| GFW025 | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-14588-3 | John Lynham, Anton Nikolaev, Jennifer Raynor, Thaís Vilela, Juan Carlos Villaseñor-Derbez | 2020 | Impact of two of the world's largest protected areas on longline fishery catch rates | NA | GFW |
| GFW026 | https://doi.org/10.1111/faf.12436 | Dyhia Belhabib, William W. L. Cheung, David Kroodsma, Vicky W. Y. Lam, Philip J. Underwood, John Virdin | 2019 | Catching industrial fishing incursions into inshore waters of Africa from space | NA | GFW |
| GFW027 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/handle/20.500.14283/ca7012en | Taconet M., Kroodsma D., Fernandes J. | 2019 | Global atlas of AIS-based fishing activity | NA | GFW |
| GFW028 | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41893-019-0389-9 | Gabriel Englander | 2019 | Property rights and the protection of global marine resources | NA | GFW |
| GFW029 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00509 | Galbraith Eric D., Le Mézo Priscilla, Solanes Hernandez Gerard, Bianchi Daniele, Kroodsma David | 2019 | Growth Limitation of Marine Fish by Low Iron Availability in the Open Ocean | NA | GFW |
| GFW030 | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1444-4 | Queiroz, N., Humphries, N.E., Couto, A. et al. | 2019 | Global spatial risk assessment of sharks under the footprint of fisheries | NA | GFW |
| GFW031 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0216819 | Jérôme Guiet , Eric Galbraith, David Kroodsma, Boris Worm | 2019 | Seasonal variability in global industrial fishing effort | NA | GFW |
| GFW032 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11090995 | Feng-Chi Hsu, Christopher D. Elvidge, Kimberly Baugh, Mikhail Zhizhin, Tilottama Ghosh, David Kroodsma, Adi Susanto, Wiryawan Budy, Mochammad Riyanto, Ridwan Nurzeha, Yeppi Sudarja | 2019 | Cross-Matching VIIRS Boat Detections with Vessel Monitoring System Tracks in Indonesia | NA | GFW |
| GFW033 | https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aau3761 | Timothy D. White, Francesco Ferretti, David A. Kroodsma, Elliott L. Hazen, Aaron B. Carlisle, Kylie L. Scales, Steven J. Bograd, Barbara A. Block | 2019 | Predicted hotspots of overlap between highly migratory fishes and industrial fishing fleets in the northeast Pacific | NA | GFW |
| GFW034 | https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aau0561 | Manuel Dureuil, Kristina Boerder, Kirsti A. Burnett, Rainer Froese, Boris Worm | 2018 | Elevated trawling inside protected areas undermines conservation outcomes in a global fishing hot spot | NA | GFW |
| GFW035 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0201640 | Jessica H. Ford, David Peel, David Kroodsma, Britta Denise Hardesty, Uwe Rosebrock, Chris Wilcox | 2018 | Detecting suspicious activities at sea based on anomalies in Automatic Identification Systems transmissions | NA | GFW |
| GFW036 | https://doi.org/10.1111/conl.12610 | Darcy Bradley, Juan Mayorga, Douglas J. McCauley, Reniel B. Cabral, Patric Douglas, Steven D. Gaines | 2018 | Leveraging satellite technology to create true shark sanctuaries | NA | GFW |
| GFW037 | https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1802862115 | Grant R. McDermott, Kyle C. Meng, Gavin G. McDonald, Christopher J. Costello | 2018 | The blue paradox: Preemptive overfishing in marine reserves | NA | GFW |
| GFW038 | https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aat7789 | David A. Kroodsma, Juan Mayorga, Timothy Hochberg, Nathan A. Miller, Kristina Boerder, Francesco Ferretti, Alex Wilson, Bjorn Bergman, Timothy D. White, Barbara A. Block, Paul Woods, Brian Sullivan, Christopher Costello, Boris Worm | 2018 | Response to Comment on “Tracking the global footprint of fisheries” | NA | GFW |
| GFW039 | https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aat3681 | Guillermo Ortuño Crespo, Daniel C. Dunn, Gabriel Reygondeau, Kristina Boerder, Boris Worm, William Cheung, Derek P. Tittensor, Patrick N. Halpin | 2018 | The environmental niche of the global high seas pelagic longline fleet | NA | GFW |
| GFW040 | https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aau2161 | Douglas J. McCauley , Caroline Jablonicky, Edward H. Allison, Christopher D. Golden, Francis H. Joyce, Juan Mayorga, David Kroodsma | 2018 | Wealthy countries dominate industrial fishing | NA | GFW |
| GFW041 | https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aat7159 | Kristina Boerder, Nathan A. Miller, Boris Worm | 2018 | Global hot spots of transshipment of fish catch at sea | NA | GFW |
| GFW042 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2018.00240 | Miller NA, Roan A, Hochberg T, Amos J, Kroodsma DA | 2018 | Identifying Global Patterns of Transshipment Behavior | NA | GFW |
| GFW043 | https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aat2504 | Enric Sala, Juan Mayorga, Christopher Costello, David Kroodsma, Maria L. D. Palomares, Daniel Pauly, U. Rashid Sumaila, Dirk Zeller | 2018 | The economics of fishing the high seas | NA | GFW |
| GFW044 | https://doi.org/10.1111/faf.12285 | Daniel C Dunn, Caroline Jablonicky, Guillermo O Crespo, Douglas J McCauley, David A Kroodsma, Kristina Boerder, Kristina M Gjerde, Patrick N Halpin | 2018 | Empowering high seas governance with satellite vessel tracking data | NA | GFW |
| GFW045 | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-018-0499-1 | Cabral R.B., Mayorga J., Clemence M. et al. | 2018 | Rapid and lasting gains from solving illegal fishing | NA | GFW |
| GFW046 | https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aao5646 | David A. Kroodsma, Juan Mayorga, Timothy Hochberg, Nathan A. Miller, Kristina Boerder, Francesco Ferretti, Alex Wilson, Bjorn Bergman, Timothy D. White, Barbara A. Block, Paul Woods, Brian Sullivan, Christopher Costello, Boris Worm | 2018 | Tracking the global footprint of fisheries | NA | GFW |
| GFW047 | https://globalfishingwatch.org/wp-content/uploads/GlobalViewOfTransshipment_Aug2017.pdf | Kroodsma D.A., Miller N.A., Roan A. | 2017 | The Global View of Transshipment: Revised Preliminary Findings. Global Fishing Watch, SkyTruth | NA | GFW |
| GFW048 | https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000246839_eng | Kroodsma D.A., Sullivan B. | 2016 | Protecting Marine World Heritage from space | NA | GFW |
| GFW049 | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2017.01.009 | Timothy D. White, Aaron B. Carlisle, David A. Kroodsma, Barbara A. Block, Renato Casagrandi, Giulio A. De Leo, Marino Gatto, Fiorenza Micheli, Douglas J. McCauley | 2017 | Assessing the effectiveness of a large marine protected area for reef shark conservation | NA | GFW |
| GFW050 | https://nereusprogram.org/works/policy-brief-satellite-tracking-to-monitor-area-based-management-tools-identify-governance-gaps-in-fisheries-beyond-national-jurisdiction/ | Caroline Jablonicky, Doug McCauley, David Kroodsma, Kristina Boerder, Daniel Dunn | 2016 | Satellite tracking to monitor area-based management tools & identify governance gaps in fisheries beyond national jurisdiction | NA | GFW |
| GFW051 | http://dx.doi.org/10.5343/bms.2015.1034 | MD Robards, GK Silber, JD Adams, J Arroyo, D Lorenzini, K Schwehr, J Amos | 2016 | Conservation science and policy applications of the marine vessel Automatic Identification System (AIS)—a review | NA | GFW |
| GFW052 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0158248 | Erico N. de Souza, Kristina Boerder, Stan Matwin, Boris Worm | 2016 | Improving Fishing Pattern Detection from Satellite AIS Using Data Mining and Machine Learning | NA | GFW |
| GFW053 | https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aad5686 | Douglas J. McCauley , Paul Woods, Brian Sullivan, Bjorn Bergman, Caroline Jablonicky, Aaron Roan, Michael Hirshfield, Kristina Boerder, Boris Worm | 2016 | Ending hide and seek at sea | NA | GFW |
| FAO001 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cd1554en | FAO | 2024 | Forum on fisheries science in the Mediterranean and the Black Sea: Scaling up science for effective fisheries management | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/0f814fdf-51c9-4a29-aef0-36680beb81cc/full | FAO |
| FAO002 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cd0054en | Welch, E.; Louafi, S.; De Donà, M.; Xuan Nguyen, A.; Raab, K.; | 2024 | Global science–policy interfaces related to agrifood systems: a desktop review of structures and common patterns | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/c3d56f5b-0c9a-4b7d-96a3-0c9effaf2843/full | FAO |
| FAO003 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cd0320en | FAO | 2024 | Strategic roadmap of surveillance for fisheries resources | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/e3bff2a2-4021-47da-95c5-ffe959d01698/full | FAO |
| FAO004 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cc7657en | FAO; CITES; | 2024 | Technical report on the regional workshop on the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), fisheries, and legal acquisition findings with Latin American and Caribbean countries | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/cd989196-503d-4609-b837-b4ef5e9d5861/full | FAO |
| FAO005 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cc8652en | FAO | 2024 | Report of the twenty-fourth session of the Scientific Advisory Committee on Fisheries, FAO headquarters, Rome, Italy, 20–23 June 2023 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/4e2d6a03-af93-491b-8506-c6f98d6f2893/full | FAO |
| FAO006 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cd0033en | FAO | 2024 | Report of the fifth meeting of the WECAFC Working Group on Fisheries using Anchored (or Moored) Fish Aggregating Devices (aFADs), Roseau, Dominica and Virtual meeting, 17–19 April 2023 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/1f7b4c04-852a-4375-91d6-6f4294a4b886/full | FAO |
| FAO007 | NA | NA | 2024 | Committee on Fisheries. Sub-Committee on Fisheries Management. First Session. Written Correspondence Procedure: 22 November–22 December 2023. Virtual Plenary Sessions: 15–18 January 2024. List of participants | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/b4ad9470-025c-4614-ae1d-8e4cd32b0ef1/full | FAO |
| FAO008 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cc6667en | FAO | 2023 | Report of the Fourth Meeting of the Parties to the Agreement on Port State Measures to Prevent, Deter and Eliminate Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/0d4611eb-e931-4e71-8ce5-53e08daa6942/full | FAO |
| FAO009 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cc9045en | FAO | 2023 | Report of the fourth meeting of the Part 6 Working Group established by the Parties to the Agreement on Port State Measures to Prevent, Deter and Eliminate Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing, Rome, 4 April 2023 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/de805f3c-e859-4ac8-81e2-72224dc0cd88/full | FAO |
| FAO010 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cc7783en | FAO | 2023 | Report of the third meeting of the Agreement on Port State Measures (PSMA) Open-Ended Technical Working Group on Information Exchange, Rome, 13–14 December 2022 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/07ff9912-8812-4623-9617-166127c1534a/full | FAO |
| FAO011 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cc7449en | FAO | 2023 | Report of the first meeting of the Strategy ad hoc Working Group, Rome, 3–7 April 2023 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/f45a4e54-768a-4e32-a760-96a4cc8ecfa7/full | FAO |
| FAO012 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cc5484en | Blaha, F.; Vincent, A.; Piedrahita, Y. ; | 2023 | Guidance document: Advancing end-to-end traceability | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/5a6b950c-6bbb-4a96-b446-f3c7e655a1d7/full | FAO |
| FAO013 | NA | NA | 2023 | CWP Intersessional Meetings of Aquaculture and Fisheries Subject Groups Joint Session - 28- 30 June 2023 - Relevant activities carried out by ICES during the intersessional period (July 2022-June 2023) | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/0221ea14-f42c-41be-a80f-a2da613529c4/full | FAO |
| FAO014 | NA | NA | 2023 | Update on capacity-building activities to address IUU fishing (the CAPFISH project) | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/ab42cd9a-e817-4962-952c-9b127a12ed55/full | FAO |
| FAO015 | NA | NA | 2023 | REPORT OF THE FOURTH MEETING OF THE PART 6 WORKING GROUP ESTABLISHED BY THE PARTIES TO THE PSMA | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/aec6ec4a-63b6-40d7-975d-632245411671/full | FAO |
| FAO016 | NA | FAO | 2023 | REPORT OF THE THIRD MEETING OF THE PSMA OPEN-ENDED TECHNICAL WORKING GROUP ON INFORMATION EXCHANGE (Advance version) | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/de2e5dc8-481f-4ec7-a42f-193570b25009/full | FAO |
| FAO017 | NA | NA | 2023 | REPORT OF THE FIRST MEETING OF THE STRATEGY AD HOC WORKING GROUP | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/347d694c-f066-4772-8c6d-8b4493dbd3af/full | FAO |
| FAO018 | NA | NA | 2023 | Report of the FIFTH MEETING OF THE WECAFC WORKING GROUP ON FISHERIES USING ANCHORED (OR MOORED) FISH AGGREGATING DEVICES (aFADs) | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/2c4ef829-6e3f-432d-ae0a-a3531009367e/full | FAO |
| FAO019 | NA | NA | NA | Roseau, Dominica and Virtual meeting, 17-19 April 2023/CINQUIÈME RÉUNION DU GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE LA COPACO SUR LES PÊCHES UTILISANT DES DISPOSITIFS DE CONCENTRATION DE POISSONS ANCRÉS (OU AMARRÉS) (aFAD)/QUINTA REUNIÓN DEL GRUPO DE TRABAJO DE LA COPACO SOBRE PESCA QUE UTILIZAN DISPOSITIVOS DE CONCENTRACIÓN DE PECES ANCLADOS (O AMARRADOS) (aFAD) | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/40af1e6c-e59b-45fc-bf65-40dcf8dabc72/full | FAO |
| FAO020 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cb8067en | Drinkwin, J. | 2022 | Reporting and retrieval of lost fishing gear: recommendations for developing effective programmes | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/216baa63-796b-44a0-b167-e0d1bf90d36d/full | FAO |
| FAO021 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cb9399en | FAO | 2022 | First virtual Global Fisheries Enforcement Training Workshop | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/56ab800c-bc63-4b47-8d3b-eaa11fd7ef2e/full | FAO |
| FAO022 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cb9389en | FAO | 2022 | EAF-Nansen Programme expert workshop on ecosystem characterization | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/458905a7-588d-45b7-a7c4-4c86c819597f/full | FAO |
| FAO023 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cc2545en | FAO | 2022 | Mapping distant-water fisheries access arrangements | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/71b35cba-d525-4110-a272-2de889c2e36c/full | FAO |
| FAO024 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cb8100en | FAO | 2022 | Inclusive social development and decent work for enhancing small-scale fisheries resilience to the COVID-19 pandemic | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/41d3bfa7-137f-4f91-bfa5-2f13eb8089ed/full | FAO |
| FAO025 | NA | NA | 2022 | Sub-Committee on Fish Trade Eighteenth Session. Written Correspondence Procedure: 8 April to 8 May 2022 Virtual Plenary sessions: 7, 8, 9 and 20 June 2022 - Scoping paper on social responsibility. Additional information | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/fb34c037-abdd-4234-8e8c-133efcc971b1/full | FAO |
| FAO026 | NA | NA | 2022 | Coordinating Working Party on Fishery Statistics. Intersessional Meetings of Aquaculture and Fisheries Subject Groups. Eight Meeting of the Aquaculture Subject Group (AS) and Twenty-Ninth meeting of the Fisheries Subject Group (FS), 20–23 June 2022. Progress report of the CWP ad-hoc Task Group on effort concepts | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/89b2008b-4167-4621-a3a0-720a9ab5b7b5/full | FAO |
| FAO027 | NA | NA | 2022 | Sub-Committee on Fish Trade Eighteenth Session. Written Correspondence Procedure: 8 April to 8 May 2022 Virtual Plenary sessions: 7, 8, 9 and 20 June 2022. Draft guidance document: Advancing end-to-end traceability along capture fisheries and aquaculture value chains | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/69666966-7d56-4824-b674-2f26aa2babc1/full | FAO |
| FAO028 | NA | NA | 2022 | TECHNICAL GUIDELINES ON METHODOLOGIES AND INDICATORS FOR THE ESTIMATION OF THE MAGNITUDE AND IMPACT OF ILLEGAL, UNREPORTED AND UNREGULATED FISHING (IUU FISHING) | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/0bba73c5-5dff-4954-a002-358b335a43d4/full | FAO |
| FAO029 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cb5398en | FAO | 2021 | Aquatic food systems under COVID-19 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/e9bcd780-ba5b-422c-a380-634b33fb63ba/full | FAO |
| FAO030 | NA | FAO | 2021 | Report of the Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction Deep-sea Fisheries under the Ecosystem Approach Project's Inception Workshop | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/20f160cc-df35-4b40-92a3-5d59178ed5ea/full | FAO |
| FAO031 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cb7507en | FAO | 2021 | Beyond COVID-19 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/4336d30c-e008-4fdd-b27e-f0762e8bd124/full | FAO |
| FAO032 | NA | NA | 2021 | CWP Intersessional Meetings of Aquaculture and Fisheries Subject Groups – Joint Session - Terms of Reference of the CWP ad-hoc Task Group on “fishing effort concepts” (TG-effort) | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/f79edf29-701e-4453-b669-c2fa5f82f96b/full | FAO |
| FAO033 | NA | NA | 2021 | Artificial Intelligence for a Digital Blue Planet - FORUM AGENDA | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/68bd4aee-0a8c-4894-909f-18a815513fa2/full | FAO |
| FAO034 | NA | NA | 2021 | CWP ad-hoc Task Group on “fishing effort concepts” (TG-effort) Progress report on the review and development of CWP fishing effort concepts and measures | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/e31a18f5-a520-4111-b8ef-59ee07c1ce39/full | FAO |
| FAO035 | NA | NA | 2020 | Report on the findings of the questionnaire to inform the Western Central Atlantic Fishery Commission (WECAFC) Ad Hoc Intersessional Working Group for the Strategic reorientation of WECAFC | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/47626cf5-8e32-40ea-9ac9-c2ebd950620a/full | FAO |
| FAO036 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cb1197en | FAO and ECLAC | 2020 | Food systems and COVID-19 in Latin America and the Caribbean | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/66838534-6530-426c-a9aa-88414b47fb0b/full | FAO |
| FAO037 | https://doi.org/10.4060/ca9349en | FAO | 2020 | Summary of the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the fisheries and aquaculture sector - Addendum to the State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2020 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/3d5a8025-c722-4e97-b465-57856bc659d3/full | FAO |
| FAO038 | https://doi.org/10.4060/ca9165en | FAO | 2020 | Proceedings of the International Symposium on Fisheries Sustainability: strengthening the science-policy nexus | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/3a8abd8f-6862-4f5d-8775-2beb10815a64/full | FAO |
| FAO039 | NA | Taconet, M., Kroodsma, D. & Fernandes, J. | 2019 | Global atlas of AIS-based fishing activity | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/b31bd116-982e-4402-b5f0-22e31b910386/full | FAO |
| FAO040 | NA | FAO | 2019 | Report of the Twenty-Sixth Session of the Coordinating Working Party on Fishery Statistics, Rome, 15-18 May 2019 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/061e0f32-c7ad-4796-b87b-8a41048d9b55/full | FAO |
| FAO041 | NA | FAO Regional Office for Africa | 2019 | Stories from Africa | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/bcd33eb1-9604-4094-aadf-037294c7a730/full | FAO |
| FAO042 | NA | NA | 2019 | Report of the Thirty-third Session of the Committee on Fisheries | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/0a01a098-121b-45ae-98ce-266e1ef62d3f/full | FAO |
| FAO043 | NA | FAO | 2019 | FAO Statistical Programme of Work 2018-19 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/1a61933f-f2d7-4028-949a-fe24fb3453db/full | FAO |
| FAO044 | NA | FAO | 2019 | Internation Symposium on Fisheries Sustainability: Strengthening the Science-Policy Nexus | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/02d6f1a8-0af9-465a-91cb-45d242307002/full | FAO |
| FAO045 | NA | FAO | 2019 | FAO Partnerships - Access to new technologies (Google case study) | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/7a757ea9-113a-46bb-a132-b457fb1f7e53/full | FAO |
| FAO046 | NA | NA | 2020 | Summary report of the International Symposium on Fisheries sustainability | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/c15c3638-2beb-4a86-83ed-9a692adf1708/full | FAO |
| FAO047 | NA | NA | 2020 | International Symposium on Fisheries Sustainability. List of Registered Attendees | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/d47704f4-ba36-40f5-93be-4f33545f01ab/full | FAO |
| FAO048 | NA | FAO | 2017 | FAO and the SDGs Indicators | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/a88ab683-edca-44ca-9b2c-db0e57583102/full | FAO |
| FAO049 | NA | CWP Secretariat | 2017 | CWP - Report of the Fifth Meeting of the Aquaculture Subject Group and the Twenty-sixth Meeting of the Fisheries Subject, Copenhagen, Denmark, 19-22 June 2017 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/2249046f-6e3f-4831-9a68-8abcc77620f0/full | FAO |
| FAO050 | NA | NA | 2018 | JM 2018.2/4 Progress in implementation of the strategies for partnerships with the private | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/f2bb7042-3450-4a34-9c90-7ba571c2f7e6/full | FAO |
| FAO051 | NA | NA | 2018 | Follow-up to the decisions and recommendations of the Thirty-second Session of the Committee on Fisheries, Rome, 11-15 July 2016 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/f1e7b801-9b10-48e6-865d-ae8e1c78a2d1/full | FAO |
| FAO052 | NA | NA | 2017 | Provisional Programme | NA | NA |
| BM001 | NA | Borrowing Agency | 2021 | Environmental and Social Management Plan - Maritime Tonga Climate Resilient Transport Project II (P176208) | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/708481633703195263/Environmental-and-Social-Management-Plan-Maritime-Tonga-Climate-Resilient-Transport-Project-II-P176208 | BM |
| BM002 | NA | Fountalbert, Charlotte de; Desramaut,Nicolas Benjamin Claude; Devine,Peter Augustus | 2019 | Sao Tome and Principe - Country Economic Memorandum : Background Note 15 - Blue Economy and Environmental Resiliency | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/162571562913551840/Sao-Tome-and-Principe-Country-Economic-Memorandum-Background-Note-15-Blue-Economy-and-Environmental-Resiliency | BM |
| BM003 | NA | NA | 2019 | Conceptual Plan for Integrating Community-Based Tourism Along the Bangladesh-India Protocol Route for Inland Navigation : Third Draft Report | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/515671546852120359/Conceptual-Plan-for-Integrating-Community-Based-Tourism-Along-the-Bangladesh-India-Protocol-Route-for-Inland-Navigation-Third-Draft-Report | BM |
| BM004 | NA | NA | 2018 | Suriname - Saramacca Canal System Rehabilitation Project : Environmental Assessment : Preliminary Environmental and Social Impact Assessment with an Environmental and Social Management Plan | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/879421542017532044/Preliminary-Environmental-and-Social-Impact-Assessment-with-an-Environmental-and-Social-Management-Plan | BM |
| BM005 | NA | Klapare,Solvita | 2018 | China - Henan Zhoukou Longhu Wetland Protection and Management Project | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/675291517568133419/China-Henan-Zhoukou-Longhu-Wetland-Protection-and-Management-Project | BM |
| BM006 | NA | Nepal,Ashim | 2017 | Nepal - Second Phase of the Modernization of Rani Jamara Kulariya Irrigation Scheme Project : environmental assessment : Biodiversity impact assessment | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/883771514399187366/Biodiversity-impact-assessment | BM |
| BM007 | NA | NA | 2017 | Sri Lanka : Managing Coastal Natural Wealth | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/935641540997593260/Sri-Lanka-Managing-Coastal-Natural-Wealth | BM |
| BM008 | NA | Wilson,David; Whiteside,Alan W. | 2016 | AIDS at 35 : a midlife crisis | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/171981487940623776/AIDS-at-35-a-midlife-crisis | BM |
| BM009 | NA | NA | 2016 | Kenya - Western Kenya Community Driven Development and Flood Mitigation Project | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/706421481552765649/Kenya-Western-Kenya-Community-Driven-Development-and-Flood-Mitigation-Project | BM |
| BM010 | NA | NA | 2016 | Seychelles post disaster needs assessment : tropical cyclone Fantala April 2016 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/802481498125766383/Seychelles-post-disaster-needs-assessment-tropical-cyclone-Fantala-April-2016 | BM |
| BM011 | NA | NA | 2016 | Seychelles post disaster needs assessment : tropical cyclone fantala : A report by the Government of Seychelles | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/767291481886997139/A-report-by-the-Government-of-Seychelles | BM |
| BM012 | NA | 0000A8056 | 2015 | Kenya - Western Kenya CDD and Flood Mitigation Project : P074106 - Implementation Status Results Report : Sequence 15 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/769831468039248979/Kenya-Western-Kenya-CDD-and-Flood-Mitigation-Project-P074106-Implementation-Status-Results-Report-Sequence-15 | BM |
| BM013 | NA | Kossoy,Alexandre; Peszko,Grzegorz; Oppermann,Klaus; Prytz,Nicolai; Gilbert, Alyssa; Klein, Noemie; ; Lam,Long Khanh; ; Wong, Lindee | 2015 | Carbon pricing watch 2015 : an advance brief from the state and trends of carbon pricing 2015 report, to be released late 2015 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/387741468188935412/Carbon-pricing-watch-2015-an-advance-brief-from-the-state-and-trends-of-carbon-pricing-2015-report-to-be-released-late-2015 | BM |
| BM014 | NA | NA | 2015 | Tanzania - Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project : additional financing : environmental assessment (Vol. 4) : Ombeyi integrated wetland management plan | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/955041467980513750/Ombeyi-integrated-wetland-management-plan | BM |
| BM015 | NA | NA | 2015 | Tanzania - Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project : additional financing : environmental assessment (Vol. 2) : Kibirong integrated wetland management plan | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/354021468183848030/Kibirong-integrated-wetland-management-plan | BM |
| BM016 | NA | NA | 2015 | China - Ningbo Water And Environment Project | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/492691475117593207/China-Ningbo-Water-And-Environment-Project | BM |
| BM017 | NA | NA | 2014 | Belize - Management and Protection of Key Biodiversity Areas Project | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/894681468201280561/Belize-Management-and-Protection-of-Key-Biodiversity-Areas-Project | BM |
| BM018 | NA | NA | 2014 | Belize - Management and Protection of Key Biodiversity Areas in Belize Project : indigenous peoples plan : Culturally appropriate community consultations and indigenous peoples planning framework | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/819151468017367227/Culturally-appropriate-community-consultations-and-indigenous-peoples-planning-framework | BM |
| BM019 | NA | NA | 2014 | Philippines - Rural Development Project | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/494411468296969716/Philippines-Rural-Development-Project | BM |
| BM020 | NA | NA | 2014 | Tanzania - Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project : additional financing : environmental assessment (Vol. 9) : Environmental impact assessment report for the proposed biotoilet contruction at Saint Augustine Nyamonye girls secondary school, Siaya county | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/589181468190139633/Environmental-impact-assessment-report-for-the-proposed-biotoilet-contruction-at-Saint-Augustine-Nyamonye-girls-secondary-school-Siaya-county | BM |
| BM021 | NA | Cira,Dean A. | 2014 | Project Information Document (Appraisal Stage) - Uganda: Albertine Region Sustainable Development Project - P145101 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/904261468113942435/Project-Information-Document-Appraisal-Stage-Uganda-Albertine-Region-Sustainable-Development-Project-P145101 | BM |
| BM022 | NA | NA | 2013 | Tanzania - Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project : additional financing : environmental assessment (Vol. 8) : Environmental and social impact assessment for construction of simplified community sewerage system for Mabatini and Igogo areas in Mwanza city | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/191411467988935120/Environmental-and-social-impact-assessment-for-construction-of-simplified-community-sewerage-system-for-Mabatini-and-Igogo-areas-in-Mwanza-city | BM |
| BM023 | NA | NA | 2013 | Myanmar economic monitor | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/107851468062088730/Myanmar-economic-monitor | BM |
| BM024 | NA | NA | 2013 | 2011 ICP : validation and experimental calculations | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/688241468180895051/2011-ICP-validation-and-experimental-calculations | BM |
| BM025 | NA | NA | 2013 | Tanzania - Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project : additional financing : environmental assessment (Vol. 13) : Environmental and social impacts assessment for the construction of sewerage sludge disposal facility in Bukoba Municipality in Kagera Region | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/555441468202148702/Environmental-and-social-impacts-assessment-for-the-construction-of-sewerage-sludge-disposal-facility-in-Bukoba-Municipality-in-Kagera-Region | BM |
| BM026 | NA | NA | 2013 | Tanzania - Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project : additional financing : environmental assessment (Vol. 15) : Environmental and social impacts assessment for construction of sewerage system in Bukoba municipality in Kagera region | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/483051467992766869/Environmental-and-social-impacts-assessment-for-construction-of-sewerage-system-in-Bukoba-municipality-in-Kagera-region | BM |
| BM027 | NA | NA | 2013 | Tanzania - Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project : additional financing : environmental assessment : Environmental and social impact assessment study report for Homa Bay sewerage treatment system, Homa Bay County | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/758661468182655091/Environmental-and-social-impact-assessment-study-report-for-Homa-Bay-sewerage-treatment-system-Homa-Bay-County | BM |
| BM028 | NA | NA | 2012 | China - Global Environment Facility (GEF) Sustainable Management and Biodiversity Conservation of the Lake Aibi Basin Project : financial statements and audit report for the year ended December 31, 2012 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/796441468221670666/China-Global-Environment-Facility-GEF-Sustainable-Management-and-Biodiversity-Conservation-of-the-Lake-Aibi-Basin-Project-financial-statements-and-audit-report-for-the-year-ended-December-31-2012 | BM |
| BM029 | NA | NA | 2012 | Tanzania - Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project : additional financing : environmental assessment (Vol. 11) : Preliminary environmental assessment for the proposed construction of Charco Dam at Mwabuma Village in Meatu District in Simiyu Region | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/478461468001782283/Preliminary-environmental-assessment-for-the-proposed-construction-of-Charco-Dam-at-Mwabuma-Village-in-Meatu-District-in-Simiyu-Region | BM |
| BM030 | NA | NA | 2012 | Tanzania - Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project : additional financing : environmental assessment (Vol. 12) : Preliminary environmental assessment study for the proposed construction of Charco Dam at Mwamkala Village in Busega District in Simiyu Region | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/699331467993494752/Preliminary-environmental-assessment-study-for-the-proposed-construction-of-Charco-Dam-at-Mwamkala-Village-in-Busega-District-in-Simiyu-Region | BM |
| BM031 | NA | NA | 2012 | Tanzania - Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project : additional financing : environmental assessment (Vol. 10) : Preliminary environmental assessment for the proposed construction of artificial wetland at Butuja Sub-Ward in Ilemela Ward located in Mwanza City | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/355921467999115113/Preliminary-environmental-assessment-for-the-proposed-construction-of-artificial-wetland-at-Butuja-Sub-Ward-in-Ilemela-Ward-located-in-Mwanza-City | BM |
| BM032 | NA | NA | 2012 | Central Asia - Tien Shan Ecosystem Development Project | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/180781474905439685/Central-Asia-Tien-Shan-Ecosystem-Development-Project | BM |
| BM033 | NA | NA | 2012 | Kenya - Western Kenya Community Driven Development and Flood Mitigation Project : restructuring : Main report | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/237491468276357250/Main-report | BM |
| BM034 | NA | NA | 2012 | China - GEF-Ningbo Water and Environment Project | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/145901468023682111/China-GEF-Ningbo-Water-and-Environment-Project | BM |
| BM035 | NA | NA | NA | Sri Lanka - Metro Colombo Urban Development Project : environmental assessment (Vol. 8) : Environmental screening report for establishment of Beddagana and Kotte Ramparts Parks | https://documents.worldbank.org/en/publication/documents-reports/documentdetail/284121468301730343/Environmental-screening-report-for-establishment-of-Beddagana-and-Kotte-Ramparts-Parks | BM |
| BM036 | NA | NA | 2011 | Sri Lanka - Metro Colombo Urban Development Project : environmental assessment (Vol. 2) : Environmental management framework | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/465891468164963589/Environmental-management-framework | BM |
| BM037 | NA | Vogel,Frederic A. | 2011 | Some simple methods to validate basic heading PPPs | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/866081468166186318/Some-simple-methods-to-validate-basic-heading-PPPs | BM |
| BM038 | NA | NA | 2011 | India - Assam State Roads Project : environmental assessment (Vol. 7) : Environmental impact assessment (SH-32) | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/716151468041944239/Environmental-impact-assessment-SH-32 | BM |
| BM039 | NA | NA | 2011 | Egypt, Arab Republic of - Second Integrated Sanitation and Sewerage Infrastructure Project : environmental assessment (Vol. 7) : Framework for the environmental and social impact assessment framework (ESIAF) : Delta governorates - executive summary | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/569871468037737151/Framework-for-the-environmental-and-social-impact-assessment-framework-ESIAF-Delta-governorates-executive-summary | BM |
| BM040 | NA | NA | 2011 | Egypt, Arab Republic of - Second Integrated Sanitation and Sewerage Infrastructure Project : environmental assessment (Vol. 8) : Framework for the environmental and social impact assessment framework (ESIAF) : Delta governorates | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/952931468236072343/Framework-for-the-environmental-and-social-impact-assessment-framework-ESIAF-Delta-governorates | BM |
| BM041 | NA | NA | 2011 | Sri Lanka - Eco-Systems Conservation and Management Project | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/657011468334290853/Sri-Lanka-Eco-Systems-Conservation-and-Management-Project | BM |
| BM042 | NA | NA | 2011 | Sri Lanka - Eco-Systems Conservation And Management Project (ESCAMP) | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/408381468103456464/Sri-Lanka-Eco-Systems-Conservation-And-Management-Project-ESCAMP | BM |
| BM043 | NA | Fitzpatrick, Lisa | 2011 | Defying extinction : partnership to safeguard global diversity | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/600921468331035202/Defying-extinction-partnership-to-safeguard-global-diversity | BM |
| BM044 | NA | Frederic Giovannetti, Consultant, France / Tonki; ; ; R. J. Burnside International Limited / Dilon Con | 2010 | Uganda - Private Power Generation Project : social and environmental assessment (Vol. 11) : Kalagala offset sustainable management plan (201 0-2019) | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/774671468108872355/Kalagala-offset-sustainable-management-plan-201-0-2019 | BM |
| BM045 | NA | Frederic Giovannetti, Consultant, France / Tonki; ; ; R. J. Burnside International Limited / Dilon Con | 2010 | Uganda - Private Power Generation Project : social and environmental assessment (Vol. 13) : The Kalagala-Itanda eco-tourism development plan (2010-2019) : appendix one | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/611151468109740770/The-Kalagala-Itanda-eco-tourism-development-plan-2010-2019-appendix-one | BM |
| BM046 | NA | NA | 2010 | Sri Lanka - Road Sector Assistance Project : second additional financing - environmental assessment (Vol. 2) : Environmental assessment report : Kanthale to Trincomalee road section | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/863611468307191045/Environmental-assessment-report-Kanthale-to-Trincomalee-road-section | BM |
| BM047 | NA | NA | 2010 | Uganda - Transforming Settlements of the Urban Poor in Uganda (TSUPU) : a secondary cities support programme : a partnership between cities alliance and the government of Uganda | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/515121468340834519/Uganda-Transforming-Settlements-of-the-Urban-Poor-in-Uganda-TSUPU-a-secondary-cities-support-programme-a-partnership-between-cities-alliance-and-the-government-of-Uganda | BM |
| BM048 | NA | NA | 2009 | Announcement of World Bank and Global Environment Facility Support Ecosystem Development in the Tien Shan Region on November 3, 2009 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/534071635865708110/Announcement-of-World-Bank-and-Global-Environment-Facility-Support-Ecosystem-Development-in-the-Tien-Shan-Region-on-November-3-2009 | BM |
| BM049 | NA | NA | 2009 | Civic engagement in procurement : a review of eight international case studies | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/900321468041934999/Civic-engagement-in-procurement-a-review-of-eight-international-case-studies | BM |
| BM050 | NA | NA | 2009 | Bosnia and Herzegovina - Forests and Mountain Protected Areas Project : procurement plan | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/598781468200351492/Bosnia-and-Herzegovina-Forests-and-Mountain-Protected-Areas-Project-procurement-plan | BM |
| BM051 | NA | Dikhanov, Yuri | 2009 | Efficiency of the core product list in international comparisons : paper for session three | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/443371468150300666/Efficiency-of-the-core-product-list-in-international-comparisons-paper-for-session-three | BM |
| BM052 | NA | NA | 2009 | Nigeria - Scaling up Sustainable Land Management Practice, Knowledge, and Coordination Project : environmental assessment (Vol. 3) : Environmental impact assessment and management plan | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/988351468098986094/Environmental-impact-assessment-and-management-plan | BM |
| BM053 | NA | Dikhanov, Yuri | 2009 | Efficiency of the core product list in international comparisons : paper for session two | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/652231468338518308/Efficiency-of-the-core-product-list-in-international-comparisons-paper-for-session-two | BM |
| BM054 | NA | NA | 2009 | Sri Lanka - Sustainable Tourism Development Project : environmental assessment : Social management framework (SMF) | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/786731468334256860/Social-management-framework-SMF | BM |
| BM055 | NA | NA | 2009 | Cambodia economic watch | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/226761468227102872/Cambodia-economic-watch | BM |
| BM056 | NA | NA | 2008 | Cambodia - Economic watch | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/391161468229170497/Cambodia-Economic-watch | BM |
| BM057 | NA | NA | 2008 | Mexico - Environmental Sustainability Development Policy Loan | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/790131468279546163/Mexico-Environmental-Sustainability-Development-Policy-Loan | BM |
| BM058 | NA | NA | 2008 | Lao PDR - Nam Theun 2 (NT2) Hydroelectric Project : update | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/978211468299171787/Lao-PDR-Nam-Theun-2-NT2-Hydroelectric-Project-update | BM |
| BM059 | NA | NA | 2008 | Cambodia economic watch | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/213411468225287589/Cambodia-economic-watch | BM |
| BM060 | NA | NA | 2008 | Mexico - First Programmatic Environment Structural Adjustment Loan Project and Second Programmatic Environment Development Policy Loan Project | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/620021468286248467/Mexico-First-Programmatic-Environment-Structural-Adjustment-Loan-Project-and-Second-Programmatic-Environment-Development-Policy-Loan-Project | BM |
| BM061 | NA | Zambia | 2006 | Zambia - Road Rehabilitation and Maintenance Project : environmental assessment (Vol. 8) : Assessment and engineering design of damaged and washed away crossings : consultancy design report | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/527051468168865871/Assessment-and-engineering-design-of-damaged-and-washed-away-crossings-consultancy-design-report | BM |
| BM062 | NA | NA | 2006 | China - GEF-Ningbo Water and Environment Project | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/997521468214498292/China-GEF-Ningbo-Water-and-Environment-Project | BM |
| BM063 | NA | South China Institute of Environmental Sciences,; Wetlands International / EDAW | 2006 | China - Ningbo Water Management (GEF) Project : environmental assessment | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/465331468212992735/China-Ningbo-Water-Management-GEF-Project-environmental-assessment | BM |
| BM064 | NA | NA | 2004 | Transcript of oral history interview with Gloria Davis held on June 28 and 29, 2004 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/576181468337293562/Transcript-of-oral-history-interview-with-Gloria-Davis-held-on-June-28-and-29-2004 | BM |
| BM065 | NA | NA | 2004 | Mexico - First Programmatic Environment Structural Adjustment Loan | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/105661468774642171/Mexico-First-Programmatic-Environment-Structural-Adjustment-Loan | BM |
| BM066 | NA | NA | 2004 | India - Kerala Forestry Project | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/752751468752724550/India-Kerala-Forestry-Project | BM |
| BM067 | NA | NA | 2004 | Panama - San Lorenzo Effective Protection with Community Participation : implemenation completion report : Panama - San Lorenzo Effective Protection with Community Participation Project | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/230571468780945214/Panama-San-Lorenzo-Effective-Protection-with-Community-Participation-Project | BM |
| BM068 | NA | NA | 2004 | Organization of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS) - Protected Areas and Associated Livelihoods Project : resettlement plan : Organization of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS) - Protected Areas and Associated Livelihoods Project : resettlement plan | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/126521468290741012/Organization-of-Eastern-Caribbean-States-OECS-Protected-Areas-and-Associated-Livelihoods-Project-resettlement-plan | BM |
| BM069 | NA | Bhaopichitr, Kirida; ; ; Atsavasirilert, Wallada; ; ; Chockanapitaksa, Poonyanuch | 2003 | Thailand economic monitor | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/137131468133162634/Thailand-economic-monitor | BM |
| BM070 | NA | Coastal and Environmental Services (CES) | 2003 | South Africa - Greater Addo Elephant National Park Project : environmental assessment | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/694771468759861512/South-Africa-Greater-Addo-Elephant-National-Park-Project-environmental-assessment | BM |
| BM071 | NA | Dava, Fernando; ; ; Ahmed, Zuber; ; ; Easton, Peter | 2002 | Managing natural resources along the Mozambican shoreline - the role of myths and rites | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/483981468287717969/Managing-natural-resources-along-the-Mozambican-shoreline-the-role-of-myths-and-rites | BM |
| BM072 | NA | Instituto Hondureno de Turismo | 2000 | Honduras - Sustainable Coastal Tourism Project : social assessment | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/345291468771050207/Honduras-Sustainable-Coastal-Tourism-Project-social-assessment | BM |
| BM073 | NA | NA | 1998 | Rural development : from vision to action - focus countries at a glance | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/694331468753021134/Rural-development-from-vision-to-action-focus-countries-at-a-glance | BM |
| BM074 | NA | Harstad, Jarle [editor] | 1998 | Encouraging private sector involvement in GEF projects | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/883831468759294184/Encouraging-private-sector-involvement-in-GEF-projects | BM |
| BM075 | NA | Carrington,Timothy T.; Nelson,Mark; Park,Shinok | 1998 | Asia development forum dispatches | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/274371468218408727/Asia-development-forum-dispatches | BM |
| BM076 | NA | Cullen,Timothy W. B.; Goto,Shihoko; Keynes; Rafferty, Kevin; Shen,Anna; Sopher,Jamil | 1998 | Bank's World | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/182921548342847496/Banks-World | BM |
| BM077 | NA | Dowdeswell, Elizabeth; Ketema, Seyfu; Pinstrup Andersen,Per; ; Sayer,Jeffrey A. | 1997 | Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) news | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/395281468225293631/Consultative-Group-on-International-Agricultural-Research-CGIAR-news | BM |
| BM078 | NA | DHV Consultants BV; ; ; Consulting Engineering Servic | 1996 | Bangladesh - Third Road Rehabilitation and Maintenance Project : environmental impact assessment (Vol. 6) | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/490551468742183373/Bangladesh-Third-Road-Rehabilitation-and-Maintenance-Project-environmental-impact-assessment | BM |
| BM079 | NA | Gustaf Lundin, Carl; Linden, Olof; | 1995 | Proceedings of the national workshop on integrated coastal zone management in the Seychelles | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/571491468304270730/Proceedings-of-the-national-workshop-on-integrated-coastal-zone-management-in-the-Seychelles | BM |
| NU001 | NA | UN. Department of Economic and Social Affairs | 2023 | Mapping report on existing ocean databases in support of SDG 14 : | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/4037863 | NU |
| NU002 | NA | UN. Secretariat | 2017 | Increasing scientific knowledge, and developing research capacity and transfer of marine technology : concept paper / prepared by the secretariat | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/1307986 | NU |
| NU003 | NA | NA | 2022 | Canadian input on the 2020 UN Ocean Conference Interactive Dialogue : concept papers | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/3996803 | NU |
| NU004 | NA | UN Open-ended Informal Consultative Process on Oceans and the Law of the Sea | 2024 | Report on the work of the United Nations Open-ended Informal Consultative Process on Oceans and the Law of the Sea at its 22nd meeting : letter dated 19 July 2024 from the Co-Chairs of the Informal Consultative Process addressed to the President of the General Assembly | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/4059170 | NU |
| NU005 | NA | UN. Committee on Non-Governmental Organizations (2021 sess. : New York) | 2021 | Report of the Committee on Non-Governmental Organizations on its 2021 resumed session (New York, 30 August to 10 September and 17 September 2021) | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/3945330 | NU |
| NU006 | NA | NA | 2022 | Final list of participants : Intergovernmental Conference on an international legally binding instrument under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea on the conservation and sustainable use of marine biological diversity of areas beyond national jurisdiction, 4th session, New York, 7–18 March 2022 | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/3968211 | NU |
| NU007 | NA | UN. Human Rights Council. Special Rapporteur on the Right to Food | 2019 | Right to food : report of the Special Rapporteur on the Right to Food | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/3792443 | NU |
| NU008 | NA | UNEP | 2023 | Environmental rule of law : tracking progress and charting future directions | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/4028034 | NU |
| NU009 | NA | UN. Secretary-General | 2022 | Situation of piracy and armed robbery at sea in the Gulf of Guinea and its underlying causes : report of the Secretary-General | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/3993689 | NU |
| NU010 | NA | FAO. Fisheries and Aquaculture Department | 2018 | The state of world fisheries and aquaculture. 2018 : meeting the sustainable development goals | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/3934545 | NU |
| NU011 | NA | UN. Secretary-General | 2023 | List of non-governmental organizations in consultative status with the Economic and Social Council as of 31 December 2022 : note / by the Secretary-General | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/4012070 | NU |
| NU012 | NA | UN. Secretary-General | 2023 | List of non-governmental organizations in consultative status with the Economic and Social Council as of 31 December 2022 : note / by the Secretary-General | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/4025469 | NU |
| NU013 | NA | International Organization for Migration | 2023 | Harnessing Data Innovation for Migration Policy: A Handbook for Practitioners | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/4012987 | NU |
| NU014 | NA | IBRD | 2021 | World Development Report 2021 : data for better lives | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/3963929 | NU |
| NU015 | NA | FAO. Fisheries and Aquaculture Department | 2020 | The state of world fisheries and aquaculture. 2020 : sustainability in action | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/3934505 | NU |
| NU016 | NA | UN. Department of Economic and Social Affairs. Division for Public Administration and Development Management | 2018 | United Nations e-government survey 2018 : gearing e-Government to support transformation towards sustainable and resilient societies | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/3868848 | NU |
| NU017 | NA | NA | 2022 | Report of the 2022 United Nations Conference to Support the Implementation of Sustainable Development Goal 14: Conserve and Sustainably Use the Oceans, Seas and Marine Resources for Sustainable Development : Lisbon, 27 June–1 July 2022 | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/3993162 | NU |
| NU018 | NA | UN. Economic and Social Council (2021-2022 : New York) | 2022 | Resolutions and decisions of the Economic and Social Council : 2022 session, New York, 23 July 2021-22 July 2022 | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/3993531 | NU |
| CIEM001 | https://doi.org/10.17895/ices.pub.22789475 | Tania Mendo, Marta Mega Rufino, Josefine Egekvis | 2023 | Workshop on small scale fisheries and geo-spatial data 2 (WKSSFGEO2) | NA | CIEM |
| CIEM002 | https://doi.org/10.17895/ices.advice.24087489 | ICES | 2023 | EU request for a technical service to compile available data and methods to estimate fishing pressure from small scale fisheries under D1/D6 for the MSFD | NA | CIEM |
| UE001 | https://doi.org/10.2861/676908 | AZTI Marine Research Department; Directorate-General for Internal Policies of the Union | 2021 | Workshop on electronic technologies for fisheries . Part I, Transmitted positional data systems | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/9ad0f395-2d63-11ec-bd8e-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE |
| UE002 | https://doi.org/10.2760/87451 | Joint Research Centre; Scientific, Technical and Economic Committee for Fisheries | 2022 | Scientific, Technical and Economic Committee for Fisheries (STECF) - 70th plenary report (PLEN-22-01) | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/78925322-751d-11ed-9887-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE |
| UE003 | https://doi.org/10.2760/185588 | Joint Research Centre | 2023 | Earth observation in support of EU policies for biodiversity - A deep-dive assessment of the Knowledge Centre on Earth Observation | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/bb713e80-e316-11ed-a05c-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE |
| UE004 | https://doi.org/10.2830/110399 | Capgemini Invent; European Data Portal; Publications Office of the European Union | 2020 | Enabling smart rural - The open data gap | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/18d1354e-db7d-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE |
| UE005 | https://doi.org/10.2926/909535 | Agencia Estatal Consejo superior de Investigaciones Científicas CSIC; COISPA Tecnologia & Ricerca; Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche IRBIM; Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare CoNISMa; Consorzio per il Centro Interuniversitario di Biologia Marina ed Ecologia Applicata “G. Bacci” di Livorno (CIBM); European Climate, Infrastructure and Environment Executive Agency; Hellenic Centre of Marine Research HCMR; IFREMER Département Ressources Biologiques et Environnement - Boulogne sur mer; Instituto Español de Oceanografía IEO; Istituto Nazionale di Oceanograficia e di Geofisica Sperimentale OGS | 2022 | Study on advancing fisheries assessment and management advice in the Mediterranean by aligning biological and management units of priority species MED_UNITs - Final report | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/027a7baf-aa5b-11ec-83e1-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE |
| UE006 | https://doi.org/10.2861/617655 | Directorate-General for Internal Policies of the Union; Thünen Institute of Sea Fisheries | 2020 | Impact of the use of offshore wind and other marine renewables on European fisheries - Research for PECH Committee | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/84b731bb-53bb-11eb-b59f-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE |
| UE007 | https://doi.org/10.2760/19269 | Joint Research Centre | 2023 | EU bioeconomy monitoring system indicator update | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/e4cc8c00-a11c-11ed-b508-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE |
| UE008 | https://doi.org/10.2815/520375 | European Union Institute for Security Studies | 2023 | Africa atlas - Mapping the future of the AU-EU partnership | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/a09e7f31-8500-11ee-99ba-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE |
| UE009 | NA | Directorate-General for Maritime Affairs and Fisheries | 2020 | EUMOFA, European Market Observatory for Fisheries and Aquaculture Products - Monthly highlights. No. 9/2020 | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/277255a5-3060-11eb-b27b-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE |
| UE010 | https://doi.org/10.2861/572 | Directorate-General for Internal Policies of the Union | 2022 | Role and impact of China on world fisheries and aquaculture | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/74c3d8b8-92f8-11ed-b508-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE |
| UE011 | https://doi.org/10.2767/879305 | Directorate-General for Employment, Social Affairs and Inclusion | 2017 | Quality of public administration - A toolbox for practitioners. Theme 1, Policy-making, implementation and innovation | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/d1d02a42-d580-11e7-a5b9-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE |
| UE012 | https://doi.org/10.2826/35050 | AZTI TECNALIA; CEFAS; Executive Agency for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises; IEO; IPMA; MRAG | 2019 | Scientific approaches for the assessment and management of deep-sea fisheries and ecosystems in RFMOs and RFBs - Final report | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/0f2b559b-4610-11e9-a8ed-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE |
| UE013 | https://doi.org/10.2926/425550 | BlueFarm; CE Delft; ECORYS; European Climate, Infrastructure and Environment Executive Agency; SML | 2024 | Techno-economic analysis for the energy transition of the EU fisheries and aquaculture sector | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/a8d20a8c-39eb-11ef-87a1-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE |
| UE014 | https://doi.org/10.2835/726865 | European Fisheries Control Agency | 2022 | Course for EU fisheries monitoring centres’ operators on vessel tracking systems - Non-EU countries | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/5e6281d5-a66e-11ec-83e1-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE |
| UE015 | https://doi.org/10.2826/581374 | Capgemini; Executive Agency for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises | 2021 | Advanced technologies for industry - AT watch : technology focus on data sharing | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/cb3900ea-a635-11eb-9585-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE |
| UE016 | https://doi.org/10.2760/29623 | Joint Research Centre; Scientific, Technical and Economic Committee for Fisheries | 2023 | Scientific, Technical and Economic Committee for Fisheries (STECF) - Evaluation of economic indicators and closure areas in the western Mediterranean (STECF-23-01) | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/c4fcda28-ed5d-11ed-a05c-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE |
| UE017 | NA | Directorate-General for Maritime Affairs and Fisheries | 2019 | EUMOFA, European Market Observatory for Fisheries and Aquaculture Products - Monthly highlights. No. 5/2019 | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/f7abc165-5224-11ea-aece-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE |
| UE018 | https://doi.org/10.2771/813984 | Directorate-General for Maritime Affairs and Fisheries | 2021 | Species analyses - 2020 edition | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/d33345a6-a3db-11eb-9585-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE |
| UE019 | https://doi.org/10.2760/214080 | Joint Research Centre; Scientific, Technical and Economic Committee for Fisheries | 2023 | Scientific, Technical and Economic Committee for Fisheries (STECF) - Validation of selected sustainability indicators and underlying methodologies for the revision of the EU marketing standards for fisheries products (STECF-22-12) | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/897fe1a6-b19b-11ed-8912-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE |
| UE020 | https://doi.org/10.2861/882830 | Directorate-General for Internal Policies of the Union; Öko-Institut e.V | 2021 | The role of artificial intelligence in the European Green Deal | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/2c3de271-525a-11ec-91ac-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE |
| UE021 | https://doi.org/10.2826/387890 | Executive Agency for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises | 2020 | Review of the research knowledge and gaps on fish populations, fisheries and linked ecosystems in the Central Arctic Ocean (CAO) | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/aae1e59e-46fe-11ea-b81b-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE |
| UE022 | https://doi.org/10.2771/500972 | Directorate-General for Maritime Affairs and Fisheries; EUMOFA European Market Observatoryfor Fisheries and Aquaculture Products | 2021 | Country analyses - 2020 edition | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/d33149d5-a3db-11eb-9585-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE |
| UE023 | https://doi.org/10.2777/100029 | Directorate-General for Research and Innovation | 2023 | S&T&I for 2050 - Science, technology and innovation for ecosystem performance : accelerating sustainability transitions | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/260eaaf7-6bd7-11ee-9220-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE |
| UE024 | https://doi.org/10.2830/63132 | Publications Office of the European Union | 2020 | The economic impact of open data - Opportunities for value creation in Europe | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/1021d8a7-5782-11ea-8b81-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE |
| UE025 | https://doi.org/10.2771/563899 | Directorate-General for Maritime Affairs and Fisheries | 2021 | The EU fish market - 2021 edition | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/6f87e818-dbd4-11ec-a534-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE |
| UE026 | https://doi.org/10.2878/94903 | European Union Agency for the Space Programme | 2022 | EUSPA EO and GNSS Market Report. 2022 / Issue 1 | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/c7072179-1e9f-11ed-8fa0-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE |
| UE027 | https://doi.org/10.2760/143313 | Joint Research Centre; Scientific, Technical and Economic Committee for Fisheries | 2020 | Evaluation of fishing effort regime in the Western Mediterranean. Part V (STEC-20-13) | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/935fdb67-4405-11eb-b59f-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE |
| UE028 | https://doi.org/10.2815/458263 | European Union Institute for Security Studies | 2021 | African futures 2030 - Free trade, peace and prosperity | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/56a504b3-c413-11eb-a925-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE |
| UE029 | https://doi.org/10.2771/793264 | Directorate-General for Maritime Affairs and Fisheries; Joint Research Centre | 2022 | The EU blue economy report 2022 | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/156eecbd-d7eb-11ec-a95f-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE |
| UE030 | https://doi.org/10.2826/278419 | AZTI; CEFAS; Executive Agency for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises; IEO; IPMA; MRAG; WMR | 2019 | Selecting ecosystem indicators for fisheries targeting highly migratory species - Final report | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/152d6214-6faa-11e9-9f05-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE |
| UE031 | https://doi.org/10.2926/854134 | AZTI; CEFAS; CSIC; European Climate, Infrastructure and Environment Executive Agency; IEO; IPMA; IRD; MRAG-EU; WMR | 2023 | Improving environmental sustainability of deep sea fisheries with emphasis on the conservation of Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems (VMEs) - Final report | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/8a9b0297-3b24-11ee-bd8d-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE |
| UE032 | https://doi.org/10.2771/896161 | Directorate-General for Maritime Affairs and Fisheries | 2023 | Faits saillants du mois. No. 8 / 2023 | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/233e8808-9fbd-11ee-b164-01aa75ed71a1/language-fr | UE |
| UE033 | https://doi.org/10.2771/196367 | Directorate-General for Maritime Affairs and Fisheries | 2023 | Évaluation rétrospective et prospective du Protocole à l’accord de partenariat dans le domaine de la pêche entre l’Union européenne et la Guinée-Bissau - Rapport final | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/8cf785f5-6341-11ee-9220-01aa75ed71a1/language-fr | UE |
| UE034 | https://doi.org/10.2771/264668 | Directorate-General for Maritime Affairs and Fisheries; F&S; POSEIDON | 2024 | Évaluation rétrospective du Protocole de mise en œuvre de l’accord de partenariat dans le domaine de la pêche entre l’Union européenne et la République de Sao Tomé-et-Principe et prospective d’un éventuel futur protocole - Rapport final | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/55fcd1d2-132e-11ef-a251-01aa75ed71a1/language-fr | UE |
| IDS | DOI | AUTEURS | ANNEE | TITRE | LIEN | SOURCES | RESUME |
| BM001 | Borrowing Agency | 2021 | Environmental and Social Management Plan - Maritime Tonga Climate Resilient Transport Project II (P176208) | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/708481633703195263/Environmental-and-Social-Management-Plan-Maritime-Tonga-Climate-Resilient-Transport-Project-II-P176208 | BM | The World Bank (WB) is supporting the Government of Tonga through the Tonga Climate Resilient Transport Project II (TCRTP II) to improve the climate resilience and safety of the Recipient’s transport sector and in the event of an Eligible Crisis or Emergency, to provide an immediate response to the Eligible Crisis or Emergency. The TCRTP II includes construction and rehabilitation of key road, maritime and airport infrastructure across the main islands of Tonga. This document is the Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP), for the proposed maritime infrastructure component (the Component) of TCRTP II. This ESMP assessed the environmental and socio-economic impacts and risks arising from the Component and outlines measures to mitigate these impacts in accordance with Tonga Legislation and the WB Environmental and Social Framework (ESF). The scope of the Component covers maritime upgrade works in the islands of Ha'apai, 'Eua and Niuafo'ou. The activities of the Component include the following: - Rehabilitation of the breakwater, berthing and container storage area at Taufa’ahau Port, Ha’apai - Rehabilitation of the breakwater and construction of a new passenger terminal, small boats berth and slipway for Nafanua Port, ‘Eua - Reconstruction and upgrade of the causeway at Futu Port, Niuafo’ou including a new access - Feasibility study and concept design for a slipway for domestic vessels at Queen Salote International Wharf, Tongatapu. Designs are not yet available for the Component. This ESMP has been completed based on available information and an addendum or updated ESMP will be prepared once additional information is available for the scope of works and potential construction methodology. This ESMP meets the requirements of Tonga's Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Act 2003 and complies with the WB's ESF. The Government of Tonga (GoT) through the Ministry of Infrastructure (MOI) is responsible for all Project components and activities complying with these policy requirements. Possible sensitive activities of the proposed maritime works within the TCRTP II Maritime Component has resulted in the WB to rate the environmental risk as Substantial. The proposed activities are not complex or large and impacts are expected to be site specific and temporary. There is low probability of serious adverse effects to human health or the environment as a result of the project and routine safety precautions are expected to be sufficient to manage the health and safety risks. During the preparation of this report, consultations with key stakeholders on potential environmental and social impacts were undertaken and feedback has been incorporated into this document. Feedback from consultation showed that there is overall support for the Project and the Component with no major environmental and social issues raised in the stakeholders' discussions attended by key representatives of local communities and key Government agencies and NGOs. The overall impacts of the Component are expected to be positive as the proposed maritime upgrade works will result in improved capacity and operations and will benefit local communities through job opportunities and economic improvements. It will improve the life expectancy of infrastructure, increase ports capacity, improve safety, and lower operations and maintenance costs. The key potential environmental impacts include, but are not limited to, the structure’s vulnerability to climate change and impacts on marine water quality and marine benthos from sediment and hazardous waste runoff and any works undertaken directly within the marine environment in the vicinity of the Project Area of Influence (PAI). Minor construction impacts such as noise and dust will be short in duration and manageable. Identified key potential social impacts and risks in this ESMP include, but are not limited to, impacts of health and safety of construction workers and general community health and safety. | |
| BM002 | Fountalbert, Charlotte de; Desramaut,Nicolas Benjamin Claude; Devine,Peter Augustus | 2019 | Sao Tome and Principe - Country Economic Memorandum : Background Note 15 - Blue Economy and Environmental Resiliency | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/162571562913551840/Sao-Tome-and-Principe-Country-Economic-Memorandum-Background-Note-15-Blue-Economy-and-Environmental-Resiliency | BM | Oceans are an important source of wealth, at least 3 to 5 percent of global GDP is derived from the oceans, but their overall health is reaching a tipping point. Close to a third of fish stocks are fully fished or overfished, climate change is impacting coastal and marine ecosystems through a variety of vectors, unbridled development in the coastal zone is causing erosion, widespread desalination in semi enclosed seas is threatening fauna and flora alike, and marine pollution, particularly from land-based sources is reaching such a proportion that its impacts cannot even be accurately measured. The role of healthy oceans in stabilizing climate and keeping the planet cool is now better understood, and increasingly given the prominence and visibility it deserves in the global action arena. It is also known that business as usual in the different economic sectors associated with coastal and marine ecosystems will have great environmental and social impacts, which are expected to disproportionally affect vulnerable groups of the population, particularly women and girls. This is reflected in Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 14 - Life Below Water, which calls to conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas, and marine resources for sustainable development. In this context, the concept of the Blue Economy is particularly relevant and applicable to STP. Different institutions have different definitions of the Blue Economy, which is understood by the Bank as the sustainable and integrated development of oceanic sectors in healthy oceans. There is growing recognition that overfishing, marine pollution, and coastal erosion, among other issues, are pushing oceans to a tipping point to the detriment of the millions who depend on healthy oceans for jobs, nutrition, economic growth, and climate regulation. Central to the Blue Economy approach is the recognition that social benefits should be maximized over the long-term, ensuring that the economic drivers that result from the sustainable use of ocean resources are maintained. | |
| BM003 | 2019 | Conceptual Plan for Integrating Community-Based Tourism Along the Bangladesh-India Protocol Route for Inland Navigation : Third Draft Report | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/515671546852120359/Conceptual-Plan-for-Integrating-Community-Based-Tourism-Along-the-Bangladesh-India-Protocol-Route-for-Inland-Navigation-Third-Draft-Report | BM | Covering an area of almost 10, 000 square kilo meters across the coastal region of Bay of Bengal, the Sundarbans is a vast tract of forest and saltwater swamp in the lower part of the Ganga-Brahmaputra and Meghna river deltas. The delta extending across Khulna, Satkhira, and Bagerhat districts of Bangladesh and South 24 Parganas and North 24 Parganas districts of West Bengal in India is also the largest mangrove forest in the world supporting diverse habitats for various aquatic, terrestrial, and amphibian species. On the Bangladesh side, according to the 2011 Bangladesh Census, the Sundarban impact zone (SIZ) has a population of 7.8 million. A considerable section of this population works as agricultural laborers. Agriculture unfortunately is not high yielding due to pronounced salinity of soil and water. Other than agriculture, the major sources of livelihood include fishery, honey, and wax collection. In this context, it is therefore believed that tourism can provide alternate livelihood opportunities to the local population and act as a tool for regional development. However, if tourism is not regulated it may inflict irreparable damage on the bio-diversity of the region. Thus, there is a need for development of sustainable tourism in the Sundarbans area. The South Asia water initiative (SAWI) Sundarbans focus area program seeks to promote joint management of the Sundarbans by the governments of both Bangladesh and India for sustainable development of the region. The two specific goals of this endeavor are to: (i) enhance bilateral cooperation to support operation of the Sundarbans agreements between Bangladesh and India; and (ii) enhance technical cooperation between Bangladesh and India to support joint water resources management in the Sundarbans. | ||
| BM004 | 2018 | Suriname - Saramacca Canal System Rehabilitation Project : Environmental Assessment : Preliminary Environmental and Social Impact Assessment with an Environmental and Social Management Plan | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/879421542017532044/Preliminary-Environmental-and-Social-Impact-Assessment-with-an-Environmental-and-Social-Management-Plan | BM | The development objective of Saramacca Canal System Rehabilitation Project for Suriname is to reduce flood risk for the people living in the Greater Paramaribo area and improve the operation of the Saramacca Canal System for flood risk management and navigation. Some of the negative impacts include: (i) emissions from construction vehicles and equipment; (ii) noise generated by construction equipment and activities; (iii) turbidity and waste; (iv) construction waste; (v) Manatee and river dolphin injury; (vi) loss or disturbance of embankment vegetation; (vii) wildlife injury or mortality; (viii) loss of income for businesses using canal for transport of goods; and (ix) damage or Loss of cultural heritage site, religious shrine due to project implementation. Some of the mitigation measures include: (i) suppress dust as needed in unpaved areas; (ii) develop and implement a construction communications plan to inform businesses and residents of construction activities; (iv) solid waste disposal prohibited into canal; (v) proper availability of drinking water and sanitation facilities should be ensured at locations for workers; (vi) maintain watch during dredging for signs of any activity in work area and stop activity until mammals pass; (viii avoid damage or removal of embankment vegetation; (viii) communicate directly with affected business regarding dredging schedule and lock construction; and (ix) map all sites and identify any risky locations associated with final design and construction schedule. | ||
| BM005 | Klapare,Solvita | 2018 | China - Henan Zhoukou Longhu Wetland Protection and Management Project | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/675291517568133419/China-Henan-Zhoukou-Longhu-Wetland-Protection-and-Management-Project | BM | NA | |
| BM006 | Nepal,Ashim | 2017 | Nepal - Second Phase of the Modernization of Rani Jamara Kulariya Irrigation Scheme Project : environmental assessment : Biodiversity impact assessment | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/883771514399187366/Biodiversity-impact-assessment | BM | The development objectives of the Second Phase of the Modernization of Rani Jamara Kulariya Irrigation Scheme Project for Nepal are to improve irrigation services and to promote improved farming practices for farmers in the irrigated areas of the Rani Jamara Kulariya irrigation scheme. Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: (1) install closed-circuit television (CCTV) at locations where required to monitor wildlife movements in the project area during construction; (2) conduction of awareness program on regular basis; (3) spillage of toxins and other lubricants will be strictly controlled and prohibited; (4) facilitate for increment of buffer zone area and aware locals on potential area of conflicts with the wild animals; (5) encourage to establish bird watching centers in project area; (6) coordinate with authorities for prohibition on the use of gill net during fishing as it entangles fishes of all size that ultimately hampers breeding fish population; and (7) awareness program on income generation from feral cattle. | |
| BM007 | 2017 | Sri Lanka : Managing Coastal Natural Wealth | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/935641540997593260/Sri-Lanka-Managing-Coastal-Natural-Wealth | BM | Coastal areas are essential to Sri Lanka’s economic development, accounting for the highest concentration of population and economic activity. Sandy beaches, dunes, lagoons, estuaries, fresh water marshes, minerals, mangroves and reefs enrich some 1,600 km of coastline that surrounds the “pearl shaped” island. Approximately 33 percent of Sri Lanka’s population lives in coastal areas that support diverse livelihoods, from fishing to tourism to manufacturing and modern urban services. The coastal ecosystems are uniquely important as they enable multiple human activities.Among all economic activities, tourism and fisheries are the most dependent on the natural resources of the coast. Together, these two sectors generate 10 percent of Sri Lanka’s foreign exchange earnings and account for 6.7 percent of employment. Fisheries make an important contribution to food security, employment, and Gross Domestic Product (GDP), contributing close to 4.5 percent of Sri Lanka’s total export revenue, with further significant growth potential. Nearly 90 percent of the total national fish catch comes from the marine and coastal fishery, and it supports the livelihoods of many artisanal fishermen and those who access or are in the value chain of the large pelagic fishery within the 200 nm Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ). Along the coast, 20 formal fish harbors accommodate more than 4,000 single and multi-day fishing vessels. The fisheries sector is a major source of employment, providing approximately 500,000 formal and informal jobs. | ||
| BM008 | Wilson,David; Whiteside,Alan W. | 2016 | AIDS at 35 : a midlife crisis | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/171981487940623776/AIDS-at-35-a-midlife-crisis | BM | AIDS was first publicly reported on 5th June 1981 in the Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report(MMWR) of the US Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Doctors in New York and San Francisco wereseeing clusters of previously extremely rare diseases such as pneumocystis carinii, and Kaposi’s sarcoma. These infections manifested in exceptionally serious forms, initially, within a narrowly defined riskgroup—young, homosexual men, and lead to death with a short period. Soon it was clear these illnesseswere occurring in other definable groups: haemophiliacs, blood transfusion recipients, and injecting drug users (IDUs). By 1982 cases were seen in the partners and infants of those infected. This reports of cases from Europe, Australia, New Zealand, a number of African countries, Brazil, and Mexico. In Zambia a significant rise in cases of Kaposi’s sarcoma was recorded. In Kinshasa, Zaire there was an upsurge in patients with cryptococcosis, an unusual fungal infection. The Ugandan Ministry of Health was receiving reports of increased and unexpected deaths among young people in Lake Victoria fishing villages. The name ‘Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome’ (AIDS) was agreed in Washington in July 1982. Even when the syndrome had been identified and named it was not clear what its cause was, how it spread, and what treatments could be developed. In 1983 the virus was identified by the Institute Pasteur in France and called ‘Lymphadenopathy-Associated Virus’ or LAV. In 1987 the name ‘Human Immunodeficiency Virus’ (HIV) was confirmed by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. The author warned of the potential devastation AIDS would wreak across Africa, but this went unheard. their watched with dismay as colleagues and friends sickened and died, and the political leaders initially ignored what was to come. In this editorial authors look at the best of times – where things went well; and the worst of times – where the challenges lie. | |
| BM009 | 2016 | Kenya - Western Kenya Community Driven Development and Flood Mitigation Project | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/706421481552765649/Kenya-Western-Kenya-Community-Driven-Development-and-Flood-Mitigation-Project | BM | Ratings for the Western Kenya Community Driven Development (CDD) and Flood Mitigation Project for Kenya were as follows: outcomes were moderately unsatisfactory, the risk to development outcome was high, the Bank performance was moderately unsatisfactory, and the Borrower performance was also moderately unsatisfactory. Some lessons learned included: First, the project provides considerable evidence that a broad-based CDD initiative is highly relevant to the needs and aspirations of poor rural communities. CDD is an effective approach to bring quality benefits to a large number of people, over a wide geographic area, quickly and sustainably. Second, the project has demonstrated the benefits of empowering communities to plan development interventions and manage the implementation of local initiatives for income generation, food security and sustainable land management. Third, design of CDD projects, while taking a holistic and integrated approach, needs to be guided by an explicit theory of change and impact pathways that reduce complexities into manageable components that are clearly aligned to a specific and clear development objective. Fourth, the project developed a number of useful tools that can be scaled up in other projects, sectors and countries. Fifth, the design and implementation of this project demonstrate the challenge of balancing depth and breadth, selecting between deeper approaches and consolidation in a smaller number of communities to deliver quality benefits, and the thin spread approach across a large number of communities to reach more people which seemed to characterize this project. Finally, market access was a cross-cutting challenge across CIGs as they increased production. Economic and financial analysis revealed a clear pattern between farm models, with a declining rate of return as the distance to the market increased. | ||
| BM010 | 2016 | Seychelles post disaster needs assessment : tropical cyclone Fantala April 2016 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/802481498125766383/Seychelles-post-disaster-needs-assessment-tropical-cyclone-Fantala-April-2016 | BM | As a small island state, the Seychelles is exposed to a disproportionately high economic, social, and environmental impact of natural and environmental disasters. The country’s location and topography make it vulnerable to tropical cyclones, tsunamis, storm surge, extreme rainfall, flooding, landslides, rockslides and forest fires. These adverse effects are further exacerbated by the medium to long-term effects of climate change and present significant risks to the country’s sustainable development. On 17 and 19 April 2016, Farquhar Atoll, located in the Seychelles’ Outer Islands, was hit by the strongest tropical cyclone ever recorded to have developed over the Indian Ocean basin. Tropical Cyclone Fantala was the sixth cyclone occurring during the 2015-2016 tropical cyclone season, making landfalls twice on Farquhar Atoll, damaging almost all the infrastructure and coconut palm tree groves on the atoll. Given the recognized global importance of the Farquhar Atoll’s natural ecosystems, a separate chapter is dedicated to the cyclone impacts on the environment, with detailed descriptions of impacts on natural habitats, vegetation, and fauna, is included in this report. | ||
| BM011 | 2016 | Seychelles post disaster needs assessment : tropical cyclone fantala : A report by the Government of Seychelles | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/767291481886997139/A-report-by-the-Government-of-Seychelles | BM | The tropical cyclone, Fantala, formed over the southwestern Indian Ocean on 11 April, 2016. It passednear Farquhar Atoll on April 17, with maximum sustained wind speeds of 241 km/h. On April 19, itsustained maximum wind speeds of 157 km/h, causing widespread damage. Tropical cyclone Fantalamade landfall on the evening of Sunday 17 with winds up to 350 km/h. Significant damage was reportedon Farquhar Island's environment, physical infrastructure, and coconut palm tree groves. On April 20,the Government of Seychelles declared the Farquhar group area, including Providence Atoll and St.Pierre a disaster area. The report provides a breakdown of key sectors affected, the economic damages and losses,as well as the resources needed to finance the recovery of the areas negatively impacted upon by thepassing of Tropical Cyclone Fantala over Farquhar Atoll. The PDNA report also provides recommendations and guidelines to ensure that a risk reduction perspective that incorporates a build back-better approach guides the recovery process. The aim is to mitigate the underlying drivers of vulnerability. A key outcome of the PDNA assessment is to highlight an enhanced understanding that disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation considerations shall be the overarching themes that underpin the selection of sustainable recovery interventions, contributing to protect the country’s social and economic gains and assets, as well as its natural environment and ecosystem services. The PDNA is a methodology for joint assessment and recovery planning that seeks to assess the impact of the disaster and define a strategy for recovery, including the estimation of financial resources required. The assessment evaluates the disaster effects, pulling together information on the physical damages of the disaster and on its socio economic aspects (economic losses, changes in service delivery and governance caused by the disasters, and increased risks and vulnerabilities). On these bases, it evaluates the overallimpact of the disaster on the macro-economic and human development context of a country. Based on this information, the PDNA determines the needs and recovery priorities generated by the disaster and produces a consolidated report that lends to a resilient recovery strategy. | ||
| BM012 | 0000A8056 | 2015 | Kenya - Western Kenya CDD and Flood Mitigation Project : P074106 - Implementation Status Results Report : Sequence 15 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/769831468039248979/Kenya-Western-Kenya-CDD-and-Flood-Mitigation-Project-P074106-Implementation-Status-Results-Report-Sequence-15 | BM | NA | |
| BM013 | Kossoy,Alexandre; Peszko,Grzegorz; Oppermann,Klaus; Prytz,Nicolai; Gilbert, Alyssa; Klein, Noemie; ; Lam,Long Khanh; ; Wong, Lindee | 2015 | Carbon pricing watch 2015 : an advance brief from the state and trends of carbon pricing 2015 report, to be released late 2015 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/387741468188935412/Carbon-pricing-watch-2015-an-advance-brief-from-the-state-and-trends-of-carbon-pricing-2015-report-to-be-released-late-2015 | BM | Significant progress in carbon pricing has been made over the last ten years. In 2015, about 40 national and over 20 subnational jurisdictions, representing almost a quarter of global greenhouse gas emissions (GHG), are putting a price on carbon. Together, the carbon pricing instruments in these jurisdictions cover about half of their emissions, which translates into approximately 7 GtCO2e or about 12 percent of annual global GHG emissions. This figure represents a threefold increase over the past decade. The total value of the emissions trading schemes (ETSs) reported in the State and Trends of Carbon Pricing 2014 report was about US$30 billion (US$32 billion to be precise). Despite the repeal of Australia’s Carbon Pricing Mechanism in July 2014, and mainly due to the launch of the Korean ETS and the expansion of GHG emissions coverage in the California and Quebec ETSs, the value of global ETSs as of April 1, 2015 increased slightly to about US$34 billion. In addition, carbon taxes around the world, valued for the first time in this report, are about US$14 billion. Combined, the value of the carbon pricing mechanism globally in 2015 is estimated to be just under US$50 billion. | |
| BM014 | 2015 | Tanzania - Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project : additional financing : environmental assessment (Vol. 4) : Ombeyi integrated wetland management plan | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/955041467980513750/Ombeyi-integrated-wetland-management-plan | BM | The objective of the Additional Financing for the Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project for Tanzania is to improve collaborative management of the trans-boundary natural resources of Lake Victoria Basin for the shared benefits of the EAC partner states. Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: scum on maturation ponds should be removed and broken up. Scum and algae mats should be dried and disposed of by burying them nearby. Scum on anaerobic ponds aids the treatment process and should be left to form a hard crust, but sprayed to prevent any flies from breeding; inlets and outlets weirs of the various facilities should be kept free from accumulating solids; any vegetation emerging through the hard edge protection or from the pond liquid should be removed; regular records should be kept of flow rates into and out of the pond system and the influent and effluent quality should be regularly monitored; a careful watch should be kept for evidence of embankment damage caused by burrowing rodents, snakes, ants etc. Fencing should keep out larger animals such as water buffalo or hippopotamus and other unwanted people; the contractor shall ensure that any wastewater generated during construction of the sewer system is properly collected through drains and stabilized in the ponds; and waste water in the existing lagoons shall be managed carefully during rehabilitation to prevent direct release of untreated water into the lake. | ||
| BM015 | 2015 | Tanzania - Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project : additional financing : environmental assessment (Vol. 2) : Kibirong integrated wetland management plan | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/354021468183848030/Kibirong-integrated-wetland-management-plan | BM | The objective of the Additional Financing for the Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project for Tanzania is to improve collaborative management of the trans-boundary natural resources of Lake Victoria Basin for the shared benefits of the EAC partner states. Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: scum on maturation ponds should be removed and broken up. Scum and algae mats should be dried and disposed of by burying them nearby. Scum on anaerobic ponds aids the treatment process and should be left to form a hard crust, but sprayed to prevent any flies from breeding; inlets and outlets weirs of the various facilities should be kept free from accumulating solids; any vegetation emerging through the hard edge protection or from the pond liquid should be removed; regular records should be kept of flow rates into and out of the pond system and the influent and effluent quality should be regularly monitored; a careful watch should be kept for evidence of embankment damage caused by burrowing rodents, snakes, ants etc. Fencing should keep out larger animals such as water buffalo or hippopotamus and other unwanted people; the contractor shall ensure that any wastewater generated during construction of the sewer system is properly collected through drains and stabilized in the ponds; and waste water in the existing lagoons shall be managed carefully during rehabilitation to prevent direct release of untreated water into the lake. | ||
| BM016 | 2015 | China - Ningbo Water And Environment Project | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/492691475117593207/China-Ningbo-Water-And-Environment-Project | BM | NA | ||
| BM017 | 2014 | Belize - Management and Protection of Key Biodiversity Areas Project | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/894681468201280561/Belize-Management-and-Protection-of-Key-Biodiversity-Areas-Project | BM | The development objective of the Management and Protection of Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs) Project for Belize is to strengthen natural resource management and biodiversity conservation in KBAs of Belize. The project comprises of four components. The first component, supporting forest protection and sustainable forest management activities in KBAs will support activities in: (i) forest protection, and (ii) sustainable forest management. The second component, promoting effective management of KBAs will support: (i) improving management of KBAs, and (ii) monitoring and compliance of protected areas (PAs). The third component, institutional strengthening and capacity building for enhanced enforcement of environmental regulations will promote enhanced coordination and provide training among government agencies charged with environmental management. This will be achieved through supporting: (i) increased coordination for balancing environmental management and development, and (ii) strengthening and improvement of environmental screening tools and processes. The fourth component, project management, monitoring, and assessment will support the project implementing agency group (PIAG) to undertake: (i) project management and implementation support including technical, administrative, and fiduciary support and compliance with environmental and social safeguards, and (ii) monitoring and evaluation, data collection, stakeholder involvement, and coordination. | ||
| BM018 | 2014 | Belize - Management and Protection of Key Biodiversity Areas in Belize Project : indigenous peoples plan : Culturally appropriate community consultations and indigenous peoples planning framework | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/819151468017367227/Culturally-appropriate-community-consultations-and-indigenous-peoples-planning-framework | BM | The development objective of the Management and Protection of Key Biodiversity Areas Project is to strengthen natural resource management and biodiversity conservation through the mitigation of threats to Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs) in Belize. Traditional users of resources within protected areas could be negatively impacted by the project activities, particularly those who extract resources. The project recognizes this potential and has made provisions to support the development of livelihood alternatives that reduce pressures on the biodiversity of KBAs. The project implementers will ensure that the benefits from the livelihood support will accrue to those who actually utilize the forest. The indigenous peoples of Belize who could be impacted by the project are the Maya (Mopan, and Kekchi) and the Garinagu. Other ethnicity that could be impacted includes the Creole, Mestizo, and East Indians. These groups will be consulted on the activities of the project. | ||
| BM019 | 2014 | Philippines - Rural Development Project | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/494411468296969716/Philippines-Rural-Development-Project | BM | The Rural Development Project for the Philippines aims to increase rural incomes and enhance farm and fishery productivity in targeted areas by supporting smallholders and fishers to increase their marketable surpluses and their access to markets. This will be achieved through: (a) supporting changes in agricultural and fisheries planning, resource programming and implementation practices; and (b) financing priority local investments in rural infrastructure and enterprise development derived from agricultural and fisheries modernization plans, using a value chain approach, and through stakeholder consultations. The project~^!!^s Global Environment Objective is to strengthen the conservation of the coastal and marine resource base in targeted program areas through biodiversity conservation and fisheries resources management. This will be achieved through: (i) enhancing institutional and planning capacities of local government units and communities; (ii) providing support to marine protected areas in particular areas of global biodiversity significance and select fishery co-management arrangements; and (iii) sharing of knowledge and best practices. There are four components to the Project and the Global Environment Objectives. Component 1 focuses on local and national level planning. The planning, programming and budgeting processes related to the development of the agricultural and fisheries modernization planning process is the main basis of decision making and operations of the Department of Agriculture at the national, regional, local levels, as well as selected marine protected areas. Component 2 concerns infrastructure development. The project will carry out of specific sub-projects to support infrastructure development by local government units in priority commodity value chains (including, among others, farm-to-market roads, bridges, tire tracks, communal irrigation, potable water systems, post-harvest facilities, production facilities, fish landings, fish sanctuaries, tram lines, storage facilities, trading posts, green houses, solar driers, watch towers, and slope stabilization works). Component 3 deals with enterprise development. This will be accomplished by: a) carrying out of specific subprojects to support vertical and horizontal clustering, joint business planning and investments by producer groups and enterprises operating within priority commodity value chains; and (b) promoting biodiversity conservation and coastal resource co-management arrangements, as well as carrying out sustainable income-generating livelihood activities. A particular focus would be on facilitating vertical integration and trade facilitation. Component 4 concerns project implementation and support through the provision of technical and operational assistance for the day-to-day coordination, implementation, monitoring, evaluation and audit of the project. | ||
| BM020 | 2014 | Tanzania - Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project : additional financing : environmental assessment (Vol. 9) : Environmental impact assessment report for the proposed biotoilet contruction at Saint Augustine Nyamonye girls secondary school, Siaya county | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/589181468190139633/Environmental-impact-assessment-report-for-the-proposed-biotoilet-contruction-at-Saint-Augustine-Nyamonye-girls-secondary-school-Siaya-county | BM | The objective of the Additional Financing for the Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project for Tanzania is to improve collaborative management of the trans-boundary natural resources of Lake Victoria Basin for the shared benefits of the EAC partner states. Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: scum on maturation ponds should be removed and broken up. Scum and algae mats should be dried and disposed of by burying them nearby. Scum on anaerobic ponds aids the treatment process and should be left to form a hard crust, but sprayed to prevent any flies from breeding; inlets and outlets weirs of the various facilities should be kept free from accumulating solids; any vegetation emerging through the hard edge protection or from the pond liquid should be removed; regular records should be kept of flow rates into and out of the pond system and the influent and effluent quality should be regularly monitored; a careful watch should be kept for evidence of embankment damage caused by burrowing rodents, snakes, ants etc. Fencing should keep out larger animals such as water buffalo or hippopotamus and other unwanted people; the contractor shall ensure that any wastewater generated during construction of the sewer system is properly collected through drains and stabilized in the ponds; and waste water in the existing lagoons shall be managed carefully during rehabilitation to prevent direct release of untreated water into the lake. | ||
| BM021 | Cira,Dean A. | 2014 | Project Information Document (Appraisal Stage) - Uganda: Albertine Region Sustainable Development Project - P145101 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/904261468113942435/Project-Information-Document-Appraisal-Stage-Uganda-Albertine-Region-Sustainable-Development-Project-P145101 | BM | NA | |
| BM022 | 2013 | Tanzania - Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project : additional financing : environmental assessment (Vol. 8) : Environmental and social impact assessment for construction of simplified community sewerage system for Mabatini and Igogo areas in Mwanza city | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/191411467988935120/Environmental-and-social-impact-assessment-for-construction-of-simplified-community-sewerage-system-for-Mabatini-and-Igogo-areas-in-Mwanza-city | BM | The objective of the Additional Financing for the Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project for Tanzania is to improve collaborative management of the trans-boundary natural resources of Lake Victoria Basin for the shared benefits of the EAC partner states. Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: scum on maturation ponds should be removed and broken up. Scum and algae mats should be dried and disposed of by burying them nearby. Scum on anaerobic ponds aids the treatment process and should be left to form a hard crust, but sprayed to prevent any flies from breeding; inlets and outlets weirs of the various facilities should be kept free from accumulating solids; any vegetation emerging through the hard edge protection or from the pond liquid should be removed; regular records should be kept of flow rates into and out of the pond system and the influent and effluent quality should be regularly monitored; a careful watch should be kept for evidence of embankment damage caused by burrowing rodents, snakes, ants etc. Fencing should keep out larger animals such as water buffalo or hippopotamus and other unwanted people; the contractor shall ensure that any wastewater generated during construction of the sewer system is properly collected through drains and stabilized in the ponds; and waste water in the existing lagoons shall be managed carefully during rehabilitation to prevent direct release of untreated water into the lake. | ||
| BM023 | 2013 | Myanmar economic monitor | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/107851468062088730/Myanmar-economic-monitor | BM | This economic update provides an overview for 2012 and 2013 in Myanmar, years during which the economy continued to accelerate. The main drivers of growth were increased gas production, services, construction, foreign direct investment, and strong commodity exports. Inflation has been on the rise in recent months, but the outlook is positive with the economy projected to grow more. This will be on account of a continued increase in gas production, increased trade, and stronger performance in agriculture. Risks to the outlook include the challenge of maintaining the reform momentum. Externally, a slowdown in Chinese domestic investment and a decline in global commodity prices would hurt commodity exporting countries such as Myanmar. The policy watch section presents a number of planned or recently implemented policy reforms which reflect the country's continuing drive to improve the business environment. A special feature article presents a summary of findings from a recent assessment of Myanmar’s Public Financial Management (PFM). | ||
| BM024 | 2013 | 2011 ICP : validation and experimental calculations | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/688241468180895051/2011-ICP-validation-and-experimental-calculations | BM | This paper includes: in accordance with the ICP GO WB requests, the task of the ICP VEG and CoTaF during the validation of input annual 2011 data was the evaluation of the following points: overall quality of price data (by region); comparability of data at regional level; comparability of data at global level; extent of which Global Core prices represent and reflect regional price levels; density and sparsely of price data and its effect on computing linking factors; quality of resulting linking factors; and quality of resulting Global PPPs for household consumption. | ||
| BM025 | 2013 | Tanzania - Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project : additional financing : environmental assessment (Vol. 13) : Environmental and social impacts assessment for the construction of sewerage sludge disposal facility in Bukoba Municipality in Kagera Region | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/555441468202148702/Environmental-and-social-impacts-assessment-for-the-construction-of-sewerage-sludge-disposal-facility-in-Bukoba-Municipality-in-Kagera-Region | BM | The objective of the Additional Financing for the Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project for Tanzania is to improve collaborative management of the trans-boundary natural resources of Lake Victoria Basin for the shared benefits of the EAC partner states. Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: scum on maturation ponds should be removed and broken up. Scum and algae mats should be dried and disposed of by burying them nearby. Scum on anaerobic ponds aids the treatment process and should be left to form a hard crust, but sprayed to prevent any flies from breeding; inlets and outlets weirs of the various facilities should be kept free from accumulating solids; any vegetation emerging through the hard edge protection or from the pond liquid should be removed; regular records should be kept of flow rates into and out of the pond system and the influent and effluent quality should be regularly monitored; a careful watch should be kept for evidence of embankment damage caused by burrowing rodents, snakes, ants etc. Fencing should keep out larger animals such as water buffalo or hippopotamus and other unwanted people; the contractor shall ensure that any wastewater generated during construction of the sewer system is properly collected through drains and stabilized in the ponds; and waste water in the existing lagoons shall be managed carefully during rehabilitation to prevent direct release of untreated water into the lake. | ||
| BM026 | 2013 | Tanzania - Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project : additional financing : environmental assessment (Vol. 15) : Environmental and social impacts assessment for construction of sewerage system in Bukoba municipality in Kagera region | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/483051467992766869/Environmental-and-social-impacts-assessment-for-construction-of-sewerage-system-in-Bukoba-municipality-in-Kagera-region | BM | The objective of the Additional Financing for the Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project for Tanzania is to improve collaborative management of the trans-boundary natural resources of Lake Victoria Basin for the shared benefits of the EAC partner states. Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: scum on maturation ponds should be removed and broken up. Scum and algae mats should be dried and disposed of by burying them nearby. Scum on anaerobic ponds aids the treatment process and should be left to form a hard crust, but sprayed to prevent any flies from breeding; inlets and outlets weirs of the various facilities should be kept free from accumulating solids; any vegetation emerging through the hard edge protection or from the pond liquid should be removed; regular records should be kept of flow rates into and out of the pond system and the influent and effluent quality should be regularly monitored; a careful watch should be kept for evidence of embankment damage caused by burrowing rodents, snakes, ants etc. Fencing should keep out larger animals such as water buffalo or hippopotamus and other unwanted people; the contractor shall ensure that any wastewater generated during construction of the sewer system is properly collected through drains and stabilized in the ponds; and waste water in the existing lagoons shall be managed carefully during rehabilitation to prevent direct release of untreated water into the lake. | ||
| BM027 | 2013 | Tanzania - Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project : additional financing : environmental assessment : Environmental and social impact assessment study report for Homa Bay sewerage treatment system, Homa Bay County | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/758661468182655091/Environmental-and-social-impact-assessment-study-report-for-Homa-Bay-sewerage-treatment-system-Homa-Bay-County | BM | The objective of the Additional Financing for the Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project for Tanzania is to improve collaborative management of the trans-boundary natural resources of Lake Victoria Basin for the shared benefits of the EAC partner states. Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: scum on maturation ponds should be removed and broken up. Scum and algae mats should be dried and disposed of by burying them nearby. Scum on anaerobic ponds aids the treatment process and should be left to form a hard crust, but sprayed to prevent any flies from breeding; inlets and outlets weirs of the various facilities should be kept free from accumulating solids; any vegetation emerging through the hard edge protection or from the pond liquid should be removed; regular records should be kept of flow rates into and out of the pond system and the influent and effluent quality should be regularly monitored; a careful watch should be kept for evidence of embankment damage caused by burrowing rodents, snakes, ants etc. Fencing should keep out larger animals such as water buffalo or hippopotamus and other unwanted people; the contractor shall ensure that any wastewater generated during construction of the sewer system is properly collected through drains and stabilized in the ponds; and waste water in the existing lagoons shall be managed carefully during rehabilitation to prevent direct release of untreated water into the lake. | ||
| BM028 | 2012 | China - Global Environment Facility (GEF) Sustainable Management and Biodiversity Conservation of the Lake Aibi Basin Project : financial statements and audit report for the year ended December 31, 2012 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/796441468221670666/China-Global-Environment-Facility-GEF-Sustainable-Management-and-Biodiversity-Conservation-of-the-Lake-Aibi-Basin-Project-financial-statements-and-audit-report-for-the-year-ended-December-31-2012 | BM | NA | ||
| BM029 | 2012 | Tanzania - Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project : additional financing : environmental assessment (Vol. 11) : Preliminary environmental assessment for the proposed construction of Charco Dam at Mwabuma Village in Meatu District in Simiyu Region | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/478461468001782283/Preliminary-environmental-assessment-for-the-proposed-construction-of-Charco-Dam-at-Mwabuma-Village-in-Meatu-District-in-Simiyu-Region | BM | The objective of the Additional Financing for the Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project for Tanzania is to improve collaborative management of the trans-boundary natural resources of Lake Victoria Basin for the shared benefits of the EAC partner states. Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: scum on maturation ponds should be removed and broken up. Scum and algae mats should be dried and disposed of by burying them nearby. Scum on anaerobic ponds aids the treatment process and should be left to form a hard crust, but sprayed to prevent any flies from breeding; inlets and outlets weirs of the various facilities should be kept free from accumulating solids; any vegetation emerging through the hard edge protection or from the pond liquid should be removed; regular records should be kept of flow rates into and out of the pond system and the influent and effluent quality should be regularly monitored; a careful watch should be kept for evidence of embankment damage caused by burrowing rodents, snakes, ants etc. Fencing should keep out larger animals such as water buffalo or hippopotamus and other unwanted people; the contractor shall ensure that any wastewater generated during construction of the sewer system is properly collected through drains and stabilized in the ponds; and waste water in the existing lagoons shall be managed carefully during rehabilitation to prevent direct release of untreated water into the lake. | ||
| BM030 | 2012 | Tanzania - Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project : additional financing : environmental assessment (Vol. 12) : Preliminary environmental assessment study for the proposed construction of Charco Dam at Mwamkala Village in Busega District in Simiyu Region | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/699331467993494752/Preliminary-environmental-assessment-study-for-the-proposed-construction-of-Charco-Dam-at-Mwamkala-Village-in-Busega-District-in-Simiyu-Region | BM | The objective of the Additional Financing for the Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project for Tanzania is to improve collaborative management of the trans-boundary natural resources of Lake Victoria Basin for the shared benefits of the EAC partner states. Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: scum on maturation ponds should be removed and broken up. Scum and algae mats should be dried and disposed of by burying them nearby. Scum on anaerobic ponds aids the treatment process and should be left to form a hard crust, but sprayed to prevent any flies from breeding; inlets and outlets weirs of the various facilities should be kept free from accumulating solids; any vegetation emerging through the hard edge protection or from the pond liquid should be removed; regular records should be kept of flow rates into and out of the pond system and the influent and effluent quality should be regularly monitored; a careful watch should be kept for evidence of embankment damage caused by burrowing rodents, snakes, ants etc. Fencing should keep out larger animals such as water buffalo or hippopotamus and other unwanted people; the contractor shall ensure that any wastewater generated during construction of the sewer system is properly collected through drains and stabilized in the ponds; and waste water in the existing lagoons shall be managed carefully during rehabilitation to prevent direct release of untreated water into the lake. | ||
| BM031 | 2012 | Tanzania - Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project : additional financing : environmental assessment (Vol. 10) : Preliminary environmental assessment for the proposed construction of artificial wetland at Butuja Sub-Ward in Ilemela Ward located in Mwanza City | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/355921467999115113/Preliminary-environmental-assessment-for-the-proposed-construction-of-artificial-wetland-at-Butuja-Sub-Ward-in-Ilemela-Ward-located-in-Mwanza-City | BM | The objective of the Additional Financing for the Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project for Tanzania is to improve collaborative management of the trans-boundary natural resources of Lake Victoria Basin for the shared benefits of the EAC partner states. Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: scum on maturation ponds should be removed and broken up. Scum and algae mats should be dried and disposed of by burying them nearby. Scum on anaerobic ponds aids the treatment process and should be left to form a hard crust, but sprayed to prevent any flies from breeding; inlets and outlets weirs of the various facilities should be kept free from accumulating solids; any vegetation emerging through the hard edge protection or from the pond liquid should be removed; regular records should be kept of flow rates into and out of the pond system and the influent and effluent quality should be regularly monitored; a careful watch should be kept for evidence of embankment damage caused by burrowing rodents, snakes, ants etc. Fencing should keep out larger animals such as water buffalo or hippopotamus and other unwanted people; the contractor shall ensure that any wastewater generated during construction of the sewer system is properly collected through drains and stabilized in the ponds; and waste water in the existing lagoons shall be managed carefully during rehabilitation to prevent direct release of untreated water into the lake. | ||
| BM032 | 2012 | Central Asia - Tien Shan Ecosystem Development Project | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/180781474905439685/Central-Asia-Tien-Shan-Ecosystem-Development-Project | BM | NA | ||
| BM033 | 2012 | Kenya - Western Kenya Community Driven Development and Flood Mitigation Project : restructuring : Main report | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/237491468276357250/Main-report | BM | The objective of the Western Kenya Community Driven Development and Flood Mitigation Project is to empower local communities to engage in wealth creating activities, lower the incidence of poverty and reduce the vulnerability of the poor to adverse outcomes associated with recurrent flooding. This restructuring reallocate the fund under and within the flood mitigation component and the allocation of the unallocated category of funds to sub component. This reallocation will address the underestimated cost for rehabilitation and strengthening the existing dykes. The consultant investigating the dyke's integrity will a set of options which will provide a reasonable degree of protection from flooding to community. The design of civil structures is at an advanced stage. This restructuring therefore a reallocation of US$6,767,183 within component and reallocation of the unallocated credit proceeds of US$4,704,205. | ||
| BM034 | 2012 | China - GEF-Ningbo Water and Environment Project | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/145901468023682111/China-GEF-Ningbo-Water-and-Environment-Project | BM | Ratings for the GEF-Ningbo Water and Environment Project (NWEP) for China were as follows: outcomes were moderately satisfactory; risk to global environment outcome was substantial; Bank performance was moderately satisfactory; and borrower performance was also moderately satisfactory. Some lessons learned includes: it is possible to successfully restore lost wetlands. At the time of appraisal, the wetlands in the project area had all but disappeared. With the introduction of appropriate ecological measures, nature is capable of reviving itself within a relatively short period even in a highly developed urban area. Constructed wetlands can be used for enhanced treatment of wastewater. The NWEP and Global Environment Facility (GEF) projects together demonstrated the feasibility of nitrogen removal using the simple and effective technique of wetlands. The project has also demonstrated the importance of appropriate design for constructed wetlands. The prevailing thinking about 'wetlands' was large water surfaces with some plants along the edges, that maybe aesthetically pleasing but have minimal treatment functions. Thorough institutional analysis is required for the design of effective implementation arrangements. A key shortcoming of the project was inadequate assessment of key stakeholders in coastal zone management. Had the institutional environment been more thoroughly assessed, many of the delays and implementation challenges encountered may have been mitigated. A results framework with measurable targets and well-defined baselines is critical to monitor project progress. The lack of appropriate baseline data combined with poorly designed performance indicators made it difficult to effectively capture project achievements. | ||
| BM035 | NA | Sri Lanka - Metro Colombo Urban Development Project : environmental assessment (Vol. 8) : Environmental screening report for establishment of Beddagana and Kotte Ramparts Parks | https://documents.worldbank.org/en/publication/documents-reports/documentdetail/284121468301730343/Environmental-screening-report-for-establishment-of-Beddagana-and-Kotte-Ramparts-Parks | BM | The Metro Colombo Urban Development Project is to be carried out in two stages - stages one and two. Stage one investments are those interventions identified as being structurally straight forward and considered urgent and having less complex environmental and social issues. Stage two investments conversely are not ready for implementation and will require greater preparatory work before design details are finalized including confirmation through a detail hydrological modeling assessment. Negative impacts include: dust, air pollution, noise and vibration, solid waste, soil erosion, traffic congestion, and safety. Mitigation measures include: 1) regular watering of roads for dust suppression in urban, residential areas and in areas with sensitive receptors; 2) all construction machines and vehicles should meet the standard on emissions and have passed the emission test, and no burning of wastes on site; 3) apply appropriate schedule to avoid any works that may cause noise and vibration during 10 pm - 6 am. Any nighttime activities should be done using noise reducing means or low noise technologies; 4) travel route for construction vehicles should be designed to avoid areas of congestion; and 5) appropriate safety equipment, tools and protective clothing should be provided to the workers and ensured that safe working methods are applied. | ||
| BM036 | 2011 | Sri Lanka - Metro Colombo Urban Development Project : environmental assessment (Vol. 2) : Environmental management framework | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/465891468164963589/Environmental-management-framework | BM | The Metro Colombo Urban Development Project is to be carried out in two stages - stages one and two. Stage one investments are those interventions identified as being structurally straight forward and considered urgent and having less complex environmental and social issues. Stage two investments conversely are not ready for implementation and will require greater preparatory work before design details are finalized including confirmation through a detail hydrological modeling assessment. Negative impacts include: dust, air pollution, noise and vibration, solid waste, soil erosion, traffic congestion, and safety. Mitigation measures include: 1) regular watering of roads for dust suppression in urban, residential areas and in areas with sensitive receptors; 2) all construction machines and vehicles should meet the standard on emissions and have passed the emission test, and no burning of wastes on site; 3) apply appropriate schedule to avoid any works that may cause noise and vibration during 10 pm - 6 am. Any nighttime activities should be done using noise reducing means or low noise technologies; 4) travel route for construction vehicles should be designed to avoid areas of congestion; and 5) appropriate safety equipment, tools and protective clothing should be provided to the workers and ensured that safe working methods are applied. | ||
| BM037 | Vogel,Frederic A. | 2011 | Some simple methods to validate basic heading PPPs | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/866081468166186318/Some-simple-methods-to-validate-basic-heading-PPPs | BM | A huge effort goes into validating the prices that enter the estimation of basic heading PPPs. The purpose of this paper is to show that once the prices have been validated, there should be another validation that examines the distribution of the PPPs across the basic headings to find those basic heading PPPs that differ significantly from the rest. This can be done be examining the distribution of PPPs within each country. The review of basic heading PPPs is followed by examining the Paasche-Laspeyres spreads based on the global aggregation of the 129 basic headings to the GDP. The paper concludes with questions for consideration. | |
| BM038 | 2011 | India - Assam State Roads Project : environmental assessment (Vol. 7) : Environmental impact assessment (SH-32) | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/716151468041944239/Environmental-impact-assessment-SH-32 | BM | The objective of the Assam State Roads Project for is to provide road users in Assam with good quality and better managed state highways and major district roads. Negative measures include: air pollution, water pollution, soil erosion, ecology, waste management, impact on flora and fauna, and noise pollution. Mitigation measures include: a) the contractor shall also ensure that no material blocks the natural flow of water in any water course or cross drainage channel. Prior to monsoon, the contractor shall provide either permanent or temporary drains to prevent water accumulation in surrounding residential, commercial and agricultural areas; b) contractors shall ensure that no construction materials like earth, stone, or ash disposed off so as not to block the flow of water of any water course and cross drainage channels; c) noise pollution shall be monitored as per environmental monitoring plan at sensitive locations where pre-construction noise data was collected. The functioning of the noise harriers has to be specifically supervised and monitored for further improvement and replication at other affected points if necessary; and d) the contractor shall take reasonable precaution to prevent his workmen or any other persons from removing and damaging any flora (plant and vegetation) and fauna (animal) including fishing in any water body and hunting of any animal. | ||
| BM039 | 2011 | Egypt, Arab Republic of - Second Integrated Sanitation and Sewerage Infrastructure Project : environmental assessment (Vol. 7) : Framework for the environmental and social impact assessment framework (ESIAF) : Delta governorates - executive summary | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/569871468037737151/Framework-for-the-environmental-and-social-impact-assessment-framework-ESIAF-Delta-governorates-executive-summary | BM | The objective of the Second Integrated Sanitation and Sewerage Infrastructure Project for Egypt, Arab Republic of is to provide the targeted population in the governorates of Menoufia, Sharkeya, Assiut, and Sohag increased access to improved sanitation and sewerage services. Negative measures include: air pollution, water pollution, noise pollution, waste management, soil erosion, ecology, and natural habitat. Mitigation measures include: a) ensure that air emissions of construction of machinery within legal standards; b) controlling noise exposure of workers by adjusting working hours and using ear muffs; c) the contractor should assign at least one worker, or guard, on duty at the construction site overnight, to help people access the paths and bridges, and to respond to any falls or accidents; and d) during excavation in sandy soils, which will lead to dense dust emissions, the soil should be sprayed with water. Excavated soil stockpiles and stored sand should be located in sheltered areas. Stored fine sand should be covered with appropriate covering material, such as polyethylene or textile sheets to avoid soil dispersion. The transportation of excavation or construction waste should be done through licensed and sufficiently equipped vehicles with a suitable special box or with a cover to prevent loose particles of waste and debris from escaping into the air or dropping on the road. | ||
| BM040 | 2011 | Egypt, Arab Republic of - Second Integrated Sanitation and Sewerage Infrastructure Project : environmental assessment (Vol. 8) : Framework for the environmental and social impact assessment framework (ESIAF) : Delta governorates | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/952931468236072343/Framework-for-the-environmental-and-social-impact-assessment-framework-ESIAF-Delta-governorates | BM | The objective of the Second Integrated Sanitation and Sewerage Infrastructure Project for Egypt, Arab Republic of is to provide the targeted population in the governorates of Menoufia, Sharkeya, Assiut, and Sohag increased access to improved sanitation and sewerage services. Negative measures include: air pollution, water pollution, noise pollution, waste management, soil erosion, ecology, and natural habitat. Mitigation measures include: a) ensure that air emissions of construction of machinery within legal standards; b) controlling noise exposure of workers by adjusting working hours and using ear muffs; c) the contractor should assign at least one worker, or guard, on duty at the construction site overnight, to help people access the paths and bridges, and to respond to any falls or accidents; and d) during excavation in sandy soils, which will lead to dense dust emissions, the soil should be sprayed with water. Excavated soil stockpiles and stored sand should be located in sheltered areas. Stored fine sand should be covered with appropriate covering material, such as polyethylene or textile sheets to avoid soil dispersion. The transportation of excavation or construction waste should be done through licensed and sufficiently equipped vehicles with a suitable special box or with a cover to prevent loose particles of waste and debris from escaping into the air or dropping on the road. | ||
| BM041 | 2011 | Sri Lanka - Eco-Systems Conservation and Management Project | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/657011468334290853/Sri-Lanka-Eco-Systems-Conservation-and-Management-Project | BM | NA | ||
| BM042 | 2011 | Sri Lanka - Eco-Systems Conservation And Management Project (ESCAMP) | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/408381468103456464/Sri-Lanka-Eco-Systems-Conservation-And-Management-Project-ESCAMP | BM | NA | ||
| BM043 | Fitzpatrick, Lisa | 2011 | Defying extinction : partnership to safeguard global diversity | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/600921468331035202/Defying-extinction-partnership-to-safeguard-global-diversity | BM | Biodiversity is more than just the number of animal and plant species in the world. Biodiversity is who we are, what we eat, where we live, what we do and, most importantly, how all of these things come together to form a whole. The preoccupations of our daily lives often blind us to the dangers threatening fragile ecosystems around the globe. But we ignore these threats at our peril, for we are all connected to the many facets of the planet’s diverse ecosystems. Biodiversity is the fabric that binds us all together, allowing healthy environments to flourish, economies to develop, and humanity to grow and prosper. Whether it realizes it or not, the story of biodiversity is our story. This publication highlights some of the most threatened pieces of the fabric of biodiversity, specifically individual species at risk. Through stories of the Global Environment Facility’s (GEF’s) efforts to preserve diversity across the globe, from Romania’s Maramures nature park to the Paraguayan Wildlands, this book illustrates how far we have come, the successes we have enjoyed – and highlights what will be required of us in the future. In addition to longer-term projects and programs, the GEF has also shown its prowess for action and rapid response to urgent biodiversity needs through its Short-Term Response Measure (STRM) projects. With this new replenishment, the GEF will seize the opportunity to strengthen its efforts and expand its resources. | |
| BM044 | Frederic Giovannetti, Consultant, France / Tonki; ; ; R. J. Burnside International Limited / Dilon Con | 2010 | Uganda - Private Power Generation Project : social and environmental assessment (Vol. 11) : Kalagala offset sustainable management plan (201 0-2019) | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/774671468108872355/Kalagala-offset-sustainable-management-plan-201-0-2019 | BM | The primary objective of the Private Power Generation Project for Uganda is to increase thermal power generation in order to minimize increased load shedding and economic disruption over the a short to medium term period, in a sustainable and affordable manner. The social and environmental assessment (EA) document evaluates the Bujagali Interconnection project, sponsored by the Uganda Electricity Transmission Company Ltd. (UETCL), and the Bujagali Hydropower Project (HPP), sponsored by the Bujagali Energy Ltd. (BEL). Both UETCL and BEL are committed to executing their respective responsibilities in an environmentally responsible manner and in compliance with all applicable environmental laws, regulation and guidelines, and the Bank's environmental safeguards operational directives. This EA document evaluated impacts and suggests mitigation measures in the following areas : resettlement and land compensation; degradation of vegetation, hydrology, drainage, wetlands and wild life, bird flight paths in particular large wetland bird species; surface water contamination; air quality and noise pollution; access roads and vehicular traffic congestion; ecotourism and recreation in managed and protected areas; cultural and archeological sites; risks to community, health, safety and security. The EA recommends an ecological survey to be undertaken by UETCL to monitor post construction impacts. | |
| BM045 | Frederic Giovannetti, Consultant, France / Tonki; ; ; R. J. Burnside International Limited / Dilon Con | 2010 | Uganda - Private Power Generation Project : social and environmental assessment (Vol. 13) : The Kalagala-Itanda eco-tourism development plan (2010-2019) : appendix one | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/611151468109740770/The-Kalagala-Itanda-eco-tourism-development-plan-2010-2019-appendix-one | BM | The primary objective of the Private Power Generation Project for Uganda is to increase thermal power generation in order to minimize increased load shedding and economic disruption over the a short to medium term period, in a sustainable and affordable manner. The social and environmental assessment (EA) document evaluates the Bujagali Interconnection project, sponsored by the Uganda Electricity Transmission Company Ltd. (UETCL), and the Bujagali Hydropower Project (HPP), sponsored by the Bujagali Energy Ltd. (BEL). Both UETCL and BEL are committed to executing their respective responsibilities in an environmentally responsible manner and in compliance with all applicable environmental laws, regulation and guidelines, and the Bank's environmental safeguards operational directives. This EA document evaluated impacts and suggests mitigation measures in the following areas : resettlement and land compensation; degradation of vegetation, hydrology, drainage, wetlands and wild life, bird flight paths in particular large wetland bird species; surface water contamination; air quality and noise pollution; access roads and vehicular traffic congestion; ecotourism and recreation in managed and protected areas; cultural and archeological sites; risks to community, health, safety and security. The EA recommends an ecological survey to be undertaken by UETCL to monitor post construction impacts. | |
| BM046 | 2010 | Sri Lanka - Road Sector Assistance Project : second additional financing - environmental assessment (Vol. 2) : Environmental assessment report : Kanthale to Trincomalee road section | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/863611468307191045/Environmental-assessment-report-Kanthale-to-Trincomalee-road-section | BM | The objective of the Second Additional Financing for the Road Sector Assistance Project for Sri Lanka is to identify and to develop mitigation plan to ensure that all communities are benefited without any discrimination through identifying all kinds of adverse impacts of the project area, its influence on the community during and after the construction of roads. Negative impacts include: debris, impact on water and vegetation, soil erosion, wastewater and waste oil, dust, drainage, air pollution, emission from construction vehicles, vibration, loss or damage to trees and vegetation, traffic, and accident. Mitigation measures include: 1) all reasonable precautions will be taken to prevent danger of the workers and the public from accidents such as fire, explosions, blasts, falling rocks, falling to excavated pits, chemical sprays, unsafe power supply lines etc.; 2) the manual of traffic control devices of Road Development Authority (RDA) should be followed during construction period in order to ensure the safety and traffic control; 3) all works shall be carried out in such a manner that the destruction or disruption to the fauna and their habitats is minimum, and construction workers shall be instructed to protect fauna including wild animals and aquatic life as well as their habitats. Hunting, pouching and unauthorized fishing by project workers is not allowed; 4) all works shall be carried out in a manner that the destruction to the flora and their habitats is minimized. Trees and vegetation shall be felled/removed only if that impinges directly on the permanent works or necessary temporary works. In all such cases contractor shall take prior approval from the engineer; 5) contractor shall take appropriate action to ensure that construction works do not result in damage to adjacent properties due to vibration; 6) all machinery and equipment should be well maintained and fitted with noise reduction devices in accordance with manufacturer's instructions; 7) all vehicles, equipment and machinery used for construction shall be regularly serviced and well maintained to ensure that emission levels comply with the relevant standards; 8) the contractor will minimize wastage of water in the construction process/operations by reusing water as much as possible, utilizing only the required amount of water for the construction works etc.; and 9) the contractor should avoid, where possible and take suitable action to prevent dirt and mud being carried to the highways (particularly following wet weather), and the contractor should enforce vehicle speed limits to minimize dust generation. | ||
| BM047 | 2010 | Uganda - Transforming Settlements of the Urban Poor in Uganda (TSUPU) : a secondary cities support programme : a partnership between cities alliance and the government of Uganda | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/515121468340834519/Uganda-Transforming-Settlements-of-the-Urban-Poor-in-Uganda-TSUPU-a-secondary-cities-support-programme-a-partnership-between-cities-alliance-and-the-government-of-Uganda | BM | This report describes theTransforming Settlements of the Urban Poor in Uganda. A Secondary Cities Support Program (TSUPU), is the first national initiative within the Cities Alliance's global programme, Land, Services and Citizenship for the Urban Poor (LSC). The first premise of the Medium Term Strategy is that the Cities Alliance should prioritise working with those governments already committed to change and reform over time for three main reasons: the Cities Alliance support will have a far greater impact, and the opportunities for learning and knowledge sharing will be greatly enhanced, and the model or example to other cities or countries will be more emphatic. Based on this, a program has been designed to support a selected group of developing countries who have recognized the importance of dealing with the challenge of rapid urbanisation, growing cities and deepening urban poverty. The report outlines the activities the TSUPU has designed, that will help the Ugandan government to identify and capture the positive elements of urbanisation, and create inclusive cities without slums in order to maximise the potential of urbanisation by proactively managing urban growth. | ||
| BM048 | 2009 | Announcement of World Bank and Global Environment Facility Support Ecosystem Development in the Tien Shan Region on November 3, 2009 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/534071635865708110/Announcement-of-World-Bank-and-Global-Environment-Facility-Support-Ecosystem-Development-in-the-Tien-Shan-Region-on-November-3-2009 | BM | This press release announces that the World Bank’s Board of Executive Directors on November 3, 2009, approved three million thirty-five hundred thousand US dollars global environment facility grant to Kazakhstan and the Kyrgyz Republic to support management of protected areas and sustainable ecosystem development of the Tien Shan region of the two countries. | ||
| BM049 | 2009 | Civic engagement in procurement : a review of eight international case studies | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/900321468041934999/Civic-engagement-in-procurement-a-review-of-eight-international-case-studies | BM | Procurement monitoring is a relatively new field for civic engagement. This paper is a collection of eight selected cases studies which aim to provide examples of practices that have emerged globally in recent years. The objective is not to offer 'blueprints' or ready-made solutions to the challenge of civic monitoring, but rather to highlight some of the broader complexities underpinning the successful development of new approaches. The cases studies are designed to explore how different mechanisms of civic engagement are forged within specific social and political contexts, and, more importantly, how the nature of such engagement changes over time. In particular, the studies focus on understanding the driving forces behind the process as it evolved the impact of the intervention, and the potential for replication at greater scale. While each case study can be viewed as a 'standalone' example, it is also important to emphasize the value of the collection in terms of developing the discussion of common principles of civic engagement in procurement. | ||
| BM050 | 2009 | Bosnia and Herzegovina - Forests and Mountain Protected Areas Project : procurement plan | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/598781468200351492/Bosnia-and-Herzegovina-Forests-and-Mountain-Protected-Areas-Project-procurement-plan | BM | NA | ||
| BM051 | Dikhanov, Yuri | 2009 | Efficiency of the core product list in international comparisons : paper for session three | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/443371468150300666/Efficiency-of-the-core-product-list-in-international-comparisons-paper-for-session-three | BM | After the successful completion of the 2005 round of the ICP Asia Pacific, the regional comparison is due to be fully updated in 2011, along with the upcoming global exercise. However, there exists considerable demand for the compilation of PPPs and real GDP aggregates on an annual basis for analytical purposes. Extrapolation to non-benchmark years of the PPP-based indicators is usually done with national growth rates and deflators. Yet, as the history of ICP has shown, such an updating usually results in aggregates that are not consistent with benchmark estimates. The main reason for this inconsistency is national growth rates being estimated using national price structures, and, strictly speaking, being not quite comparable internationally. It turns out to be possible to significantly reduce a product list and still obtain reasonably robust results in international comparisons. Another advantage of using a subset of the 2005 product list in the 2009 Asian Update is the possibility of direct comparison between 2005 and 2009, which can be used to test consistency of CPI data across countries. A similar exercise is currently underway in Africa. If the experience with those updates turns out to be positive that may lead to a relatively inexpensive annual ICP updates that would strengthen robustness of PPPs between major benchmarks while simultaneously contributing to statistical capacity building in developing countries. | |
| BM052 | 2009 | Nigeria - Scaling up Sustainable Land Management Practice, Knowledge, and Coordination Project : environmental assessment (Vol. 3) : Environmental impact assessment and management plan | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/988351468098986094/Environmental-impact-assessment-and-management-plan | BM | The objective of the Scaling up Sustainable Land Management Practice, Knowledge, and Coordination Project for Nigeria is to increase the incomes of users of rural land and water resources on a sustainable basis. Negative impacts include: contaminated water by chemical pesticides and fertilizers; soil degradation due to salinisation or alkalization, etc; loss of wildlife, vegetation, and cultivated land; use of foreign equipment/materials may hinder maintenance of pumps/wells; destruction of vegetation in and near roadways; destruction of wildlife habitat; acceleration of soil erosion due to poor maintenance and drainage of roads; and noise and possible accidents during road construction. Mitigation measures include: 1) employ suitable prevention and mitigation measures, including education of local population (e.g. good drainage around water supply points); 2) include downstream water users (e.g. water supply, irrigation, livestock watering) in planning of water storage reservoirs; 3) identify proper mechanism of rights and responsibilities over well/pump/reservoir usage through participatory village focus groups; 4) avoid infringing on protected areas, critical habitats or areas with significant biodiversity (e.g. wetlands) and avoid areas of soil, slope or geological instability; 5) use appropriate design and construction techniques as timing (e.g. surface drainage controls, selection and use of construction materials, build during dry season, etc.); 6) construction and repair of roads are performed using local materials/materials accessible in local market in order to ensure adequate/sustainable maintenance of roads and infrastructure; and 7) community decision making in selection sites for construction in order to avoid encroachment upon productive land. | ||
| BM053 | Dikhanov, Yuri | 2009 | Efficiency of the core product list in international comparisons : paper for session two | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/652231468338518308/Efficiency-of-the-core-product-list-in-international-comparisons-paper-for-session-two | BM | After the successful completion of the 2005 round of the ICP Asia Pacific, the regional comparison is due to be fully updated in 2011, along with the upcoming global exercise. However, there exists considerable demand for the compilation of PPPs and real GDP aggregates on an annual basis for analytical purposes. Extrapolation to non-benchmark years of the PPP-based indicators is usually done with national growth rates and deflators. Yet, as the history of ICP has shown, such an updating usually results in aggregates that are not consistent with benchmark estimates. The main reason for this inconsistency is national growth rates being estimated using national price structures, and, strictly speaking, being not quite comparable internationally. It turns out to be possible to significantly reduce a product list and still obtain reasonably robust results in international comparisons. Another advantage of using a subset of the 2005 product list in the 2009 Asian Update is the possibility of direct comparison between 2005 and 2009, which can be used to test consistency of CPI data across countries. A similar exercise is currently underway in Africa. If the experience with those updates turns out to be positive that may lead to a relatively inexpensive annual ICP updates that would strengthen robustness of PPPs between major benchmarks while simultaneously contributing to statistical capacity building in developing countries. | |
| BM054 | 2009 | Sri Lanka - Sustainable Tourism Development Project : environmental assessment : Social management framework (SMF) | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/786731468334256860/Social-management-framework-SMF | BM | The development objective of the Sustainable Tourism Development Project for Sri Lanka is to create conditions for sustainable (community, cultural, and environmentally centered) tourism development. This entails supporting systemic changes in the institutional and regulatory framework for tourism at the center and in particular, at local government level. Negative impacts include: i) pollution due to poor or inadequate facilities to dispose solid waste, waste water, and sewerage; ii) unsustainable levels of water extraction from surface as well as ground water; iii) damage to both marine and terrestrial wildlife habitats and wildlife it self due to over visitation; iv) shore line erosion due to boats transporting tourists; v) overuse of forest trails by tourists; vi) excessive littering at tourism destinations, especially non degradable waste; vii) use of unsustainable energy sources leading to pollution; and viii) blockage of access or view of public recreation areas such as beaches. Mitigation measures include: 1) implementing a solid waste management programme including organic waste recycling, composting etc.; 2) recycling of waste water, establishing treatment plants for sewerage; 3) implementing water conservation and recycling measures to minimize the extraction; 4) creating awareness among the tourists about the impacts that they may have on the ecology of the area and how they should behave in order to minimise those impacts; 5) establishing speed limits for boats with outboard motors and strict enforcement; 6) use of electrically powered boats or non mechanized boats wherever possible to minimize damage to shore lines as well as to reduce noise pollution; 7) identify areas where soil compaction can have an impact in vegetation along the trail and build elevated platforms in these areas to prevent visitors from walking on the ground; 8) ensure that tourism development activities does not utilize local resources in an unsustainable manner; 9) work with local government to implement solid waste management plans for tourism destinations; 10) follow best practice guidelines in the design, planning and construction of buildings and associated infrastructure to reduce energy requirements for lighting, cooling, and heating; and 11) ensure effluent release to the environment are properly treated before being released. | ||
| BM055 | 2009 | Cambodia economic watch | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/226761468227102872/Cambodia-economic-watch | BM | With the aim of providing a broad-based economic analysis to policy makers and stakeholders, the Economic Institute of Cambodia (EIC) has great pleasure in presenting the latest issue of 'Cambodia economic watch'. This EIC series of publications not only serves as a policy-oriented research paper, but also as a reference for all readers who wish to gain a snapshot of the Cambodian economy or monitor its development. As in previous issues, this edition presents the latest economic performance and prospects based on the analysis of current data from many reliable sources. It takes an in-depth look at the trends of the main economic indicators and the progress of reform policies. It also highlights the urgent measures that need to be taken to address any of the problems encountered. In brief, the global crisis seems to show its severe impact on Cambodia since the last quarter of 2008. Thus, Cambodia's economic growth rate slowed significantly in 2008 due to slower growth of garment industry, construction sector and tourism. These trends are likely to carry over 2009, and thus a lower economic growth rate is also expected accordantly. | ||
| BM056 | 2008 | Cambodia - Economic watch | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/391161468229170497/Cambodia-Economic-watch | BM | Besides the fourth consecutive year of double digit economic growth realized in 2007, data from 2005 to 2007 also showed a successive decline in the rate of economic growth in Cambodia from 13.3 percent in 2005 to 10.2 percent in 2007.Available data for the first nine months of 2008 and current local and global economic trends suggest that Cambodia's economic growth is likely to continue to slow significantly in 2008. Cambodia's two main economic growth-supporting industries, garments and construction, are continuing their downward trend in 2008. External factors, such as fears of a recession in the US and the anticipated end of safeguarding measures, which were imposed by the US and EU against Chinese exports, are adversely affecting the growth of Cambodia's garment industry. Residential construction growth is expected to slow to a negative rate in 2008 and spark bubble risks, given drops in prices expected for residential construction and land, and housing loan credit restrictions. In the meantime, the number of foreign tourist arrivals in Cambodia is continuing to increase steadily, but at a slightly slower pace because of the global economic slowdown as well as current dispute along Thai and Cambodian border. The financial sector is still booming. And, the agricultural sector remains strong thanks to optimal weather conditions and expanding markets for agro-products. Still, investment in agro-industry has remained slim in 2008. In combination with soaring prices for imported raw materials and consumer goods during the year, Cambodia is expected to enjoy only moderate economic growth of 7 percent in 2008, 3.2 percent-point lower than that of 2007. The downward trend is likely to carry over to 2009, when the economic growth rate is expected to slow to about 6 percent. The anticipated launch of a Cambodia Stock Exchange Market and exploitation of the extractive industries such as oil and gas continue to attract attention and draw big investors to Cambodia. Cambodia's economic growth could be speeded up if significant progress is made in critical reforms. These reforms, together with effective anti-corruption policies, would improve the economic and investment environment and potentially spur even higher economic growth. | ||
| BM057 | 2008 | Mexico - Environmental Sustainability Development Policy Loan | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/790131468279546163/Mexico-Environmental-Sustainability-Development-Policy-Loan | BM | The Environmental Sustainability Development Policy Loan (DPL) supports the Government of Mexico's medium-term, outcome-based program to promote sustainable development. The overarching objective of the DPL operation is to balance socio-economic development with environmental protection and improvement. The operation will complement actions supported by the recently approved climate change DPL and will further pursue the general objectives of a previous Environment DPL Program, by integrating environmental concerns in the sectoral policies and programs of key development sectors: tourism, energy, forestry, water, agriculture, and housing as prioritized by the government of Mexico (GOM). The original Environment DPL Program supported environmental mainstreaming in four of these sectors (tourism, energy, forestry, and water); the other two (agriculture and housing) have been included at the GOM's request. Macroeconomic risks are associated with effects on the Mexican economy of: (i) a sharper slowdown of the US (and global) economy, decelerating growth of non-oil exports and reducing the flow of workers' remittances, (ii) higher levels of international commodity and food prices leading to further pressures on domestic inflation, (iii) increased uncertainty with respect to credit conditions for the access of emerging markets to the international capital markets, and (iv) declining oil production. However, several factors are in place to reduce these risks, including: a healthy financial system that has begun to expand domestic credit as a share of GDP; more dynamism in exports to non-US destinations; favorable terms of trade with high oil prices; and the further consolidation of prudent macroeconomic policies in both the fiscal and monetary realms. | ||
| BM058 | 2008 | Lao PDR - Nam Theun 2 (NT2) Hydroelectric Project : update | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/978211468299171787/Lao-PDR-Nam-Theun-2-NT2-Hydroelectric-Project-update | BM | This annual Update builds on the last semi-annual Update (December 4, 2007) and the Interim Progress Report (February 29, 2008) on the Nam Theun 2 Project (NT2) circulated to the Executive Directors of the World Bank (WB) and the Asian Development Bank (ADB). It is the third annual Update since project implementation began in June 2005. The Update is based on the findings and assessment of a recent joint management mission of the International Financial Institutions (IFIs) supporting the project and reflects recent developments. The report finds that the overall economic outlook in Lao PDR remains favorable, although rising inflation due to higher prices for fuel and food is a risk to be watched. GDP growth remained above seven percent in 2007 and progress of public financial management reform has been impressive. The update points out that development partners established the WB administered Multi-Donor Trust Fund (MDTF) in June 2008 to support PFMSP implementation and implementation of the NT2 Revenue Management arrangements has further advanced. In addition to progress on physical aspects of the NT2 project being impressive and civil works nearing completion, the document stresses that a significant recent development is the start of reservoir impoundment on April 11, 2008. It concludes that the recent IFI mission observed that project performance during the past six months has surpassed previous levels. | ||
| BM059 | 2008 | Cambodia economic watch | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/213411468225287589/Cambodia-economic-watch | BM | In 2007, Cambodia once again realized another double digit economic growth rate of 10.1 percent, after achieving 10.8 percent in 2006 and 13.3 percent in 2005. This growth was mainly boosted by tourism, garment exports and agro-business. With a moderate increase of 5.3 percent, the construction sector seems to be no longer the engine of growth in 2007, according to a preliminary estimation of the National Institute of Statistics (NIS). Together with high economic growth, inflation rate has jumped back to a peak level of about 10.8 percent in 2007, up from 2.8 percent in 2006. The inflation figure for 2007 was boosted mainly by the 20 percent increase in food prices and the 13 percent increase in transportation and communication costs. The dramatic increase of money supply (plus 63 percent) was another factor contributing to high inflation. For 2008, the Economic Institute of Cambodia (EIC) foresees that the tourism, garment and agro-business sectors will continue to expand steadily, while the construction sector will be on the downward trend. As a result, GDP growth will be more moderate, at 7 percent, and inflation rate will remain relatively high at 8 percent. | ||
| BM060 | 2008 | Mexico - First Programmatic Environment Structural Adjustment Loan Project and Second Programmatic Environment Development Policy Loan Project | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/620021468286248467/Mexico-First-Programmatic-Environment-Structural-Adjustment-Loan-Project-and-Second-Programmatic-Environment-Development-Policy-Loan-Project | BM | Ratings for the First Programmatic Environment Structural Adjustment Loan Project and Second Programmatic Environment Development Policy Loan (DPL) Project for Mexico were as follows: outcomes were satisfactory, the risk to development outcome was low, the Bank performance was satisfactory, and the Borrower performance was also satisfactory. Some lessons learned included: to ensure intersectoral coordination, a champion is imperative. To ensure that interinstitutional coordination efforts are sustained throughout program implementation and beyond, it is essential that an entity take a leading role in overseeing these efforts, particularly as participating entities undergo an initial learning process and define their functions within intersectoral working groups. Finance Secretariat (SHCP) and Environment and Natural Resources Secretariat (SEMARNAT) assumed this coordinating role, helping to ensure the success of the Program's coordination efforts. A relevant set of monitorable and meaningful outcome indicators should be established at the outset of a program, along with clearly-defined baseline and target values to monitor progress and evaluate outcomes. Some of the indicators established for the Environment DPL Program were overly complex and ambitious. Further, although target values were defined during the course of program implementation, the lack of a definition of baseline and target values at the outset made it more difficult to assess the program's overall progress during implementation. | ||
| BM061 | Zambia | 2006 | Zambia - Road Rehabilitation and Maintenance Project : environmental assessment (Vol. 8) : Assessment and engineering design of damaged and washed away crossings : consultancy design report | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/527051468168865871/Assessment-and-engineering-design-of-damaged-and-washed-away-crossings-consultancy-design-report | BM | This is an environmental assessment for the Road Rehabilitation and Maintenance Project for Zambia. It reports that, generally, the anticipated environmental impacts will not be highly significant considering that the proposed works will follow existing alignments. Nevertheless, certain limitations will be posed on both the biophysical and socio-economic components of the existing environment, the most notable ones identified being impacts on local communities, impacts on human health and safety, and impacts on vegetation resources. Specifically these impacts are noise from the use of heavy machinery and equipment, dust, social ills such as an increased incidence of HIV/AIDS and other communicable diseases, traffic accidents, vegetation clearing and loss in areas used for dumping or disposing of construction material and waste-which can be minimized by using old diversion routes and dump sites, ecological disequilibrium including loss of high quality timber and the wildlife species for which forest resources are a critical habitat. To alleviate the effects from these anticipated impacts, conduct a comprehensive health awareness campaign on the dangers of contracting and spreading STDs and HIV/AIDS; screen workers and provide them free treatment and condoms; improve pedestrian walkways and cyclist paths,; provide speed limit signs and other signage, build humps to reduce speed, and enforce speed limits; divert traffic, lock school gats to prevent students from leaving school premises, and regularly monitor construction activities; and avoid extracting gravel from sites, limit the area of clearance, and rehabilitate all material extraction sites after use. | |
| BM062 | 2006 | China - GEF-Ningbo Water and Environment Project | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/997521468214498292/China-GEF-Ningbo-Water-and-Environment-Project | BM | NA | ||
| BM063 | South China Institute of Environmental Sciences,; Wetlands International / EDAW | 2006 | China - Ningbo Water Management (GEF) Project : environmental assessment | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/465331468212992735/China-Ningbo-Water-Management-GEF-Project-environmental-assessment | BM | The Ningbo Water Management Project seeks to reduce land-based pollution along the Cixi coast and the East China Sea, promote the replication of innovative, low cost wastewater treatment techniques, and encourage coastal zone conservation. To this end, this environmental assessment examines the current conservation value of, and assesses the potential conservation opportunities for wetlands on the southern coast of the Hangzhou Bay, focusing on the western part of the designated study area. The expansion of human population has led to strong demand for space in the area, formerly consisting of extensive mud flats and coastal wetlands, and consistently reclaimed for over thousands of years. This reclamation has been hugely successful in providing productive land for agriculture, and excellent conditions for industry. However, it had its cost - causing the disappearance of tidal flats, with extensive loss of coastal marine habitats, and species. The predominant vegetation consists of emergent plants and scrub vegetation, delivering mainly cash crops, such as cotton. The study proposes the establishment of an environmental education and research center, and a separate Field Laboratory as an integrated plan, and provides as well indicative designs on the proposed conservation areas, with careful attention to the interactions between wildlife and human behavior to minimize disturbance, while optimizing experiences. The report suggests two alternatives for designation of the wetland area, and a concept design of the proposed environmental education and research center, to be closely linked to maximize conservation, and enhance wildlife value, intended to influence coastal land use policies and practices. | |
| BM064 | 2004 | Transcript of oral history interview with Gloria Davis held on June 28 and 29, 2004 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/576181468337293562/Transcript-of-oral-history-interview-with-Gloria-Davis-held-on-June-28-and-29-2004 | BM | On June 28 and 29, 2004, Gloria Davis was interviewed on behalf of the World Bank Group Archives oral history program by Marie T. Zenni. During her tenure at the Bank from 1978 to 2004, Mrs. Davis worked in the following areas: in the Indonesia transmigration and land settlement program as an anthropologist (1978-1982); in the East Asia and Pacific (EAP) region as a senior operations officer for the agriculture division (1984-1986) and as a senior loan officer in the Indonesia division (1986-1987); in the Asia technical department, environment division, as division chief (1987-1993); in the environment department as division chief of social policy and resettlement (1993-1997); and in the social development department as director (1997-2000). She remained at the World Bank as a consultant through 2004. As director of social development, she tried every six months to have instructional courses on the World Bank and its project cycle, because she felt that, as social scientists, her department was being isolated from the real activity of the World Bank. Her transcript concerns how institutions slowly evolve, change, and recognize basic paradigm shifts and adapt to them. She discusses observing the World Bank, watching and waiting to see what the sort of fundamental transformation of the global economy will really mean for the role of the World Bank in the future. | ||
| BM065 | 2004 | Mexico - First Programmatic Environment Structural Adjustment Loan | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/105661468774642171/Mexico-First-Programmatic-Environment-Structural-Adjustment-Loan | BM | The ratings for the First Programmatic Environment Structural Adjustment Loan for Mexico were as follows: the outcome was satisfactory, the sustainability was likely, the institutional development impact was substantial, and the Bank and borrower performance were both satisfactory. The findings and implications indicate that on one hand, the experience from Programmatic Environment Structural Adjustment Loan (EnvSAL I) shows that inter-institutional coordination is a complex process which requires substantial efforts and sustainable commitments on the part of participating entities. Reaching such commitments is both difficult and time consuming. On the other hand, this same experience shows that where inter-institutional coordination was successful, it led to enhancements in the quality of outputs. The problems experienced with inter-institutional coordination as described in earlier sections of this report, stemmed broadly from institutions going through a process of learning on how best to conduct and gain from such a process of coordination linked to the EnvSAL program. | ||
| BM066 | 2004 | India - Kerala Forestry Project | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/752751468752724550/India-Kerala-Forestry-Project | BM | Project ratings are as follows: Project outcome is satisfactory, sustainability is likely, institutional development impact is substantial, Bank performance is satisfactory, and Borrower performance is satisfactory. These are some key lessons learned: 1) A project management cell with competent and long-term staff, as was the case with KFP, is a fundamental element in achieving successful outcomes for a project. 2) A holistic approach to forestry sector development that links various elements within the sector provides a realistic and effective approach to achieving development. 3) Site-specific, bottom up planning provides not only a more realistic approach to forest and plantation management, but also engenders a greater sense of involvement and responsibility amongst divisional and field staff. 4) A four years' project is too short a time frame for forestry. Though the project was appraised as two-stage project for four and five years' period, only first stage was approved leaving a follow up operation uncertain as proved later. 5) Projects must be given sufficient time for completion, especially those in forestry that have well known and inherent start-up problems. 6) Early and transparent agreements on policy reforms and the immediate establishment of institutional strengthening are key to underpinning successful project implementation and sustainability. 7) Community participation, if established on a sustainable basis with adequate and equitably distributed benefits is a highly effective and efficient means of ensuring protection of natural forests from fire and biotic influences, and managing fragile ecosystems. 8) The establishment of well-managed community institutions creates empowerment for the community and develops self-help groups that can attract other development support from external partners. 9) The conflict between wildlife and farmers needs to be addressed: effective conservation of wildlife increases destruction of crops and property in lands adjacent to protected areas. 10) While initial progress has been made in promoting participatory approaches to biodiversity conservation, monitoring and sustainability should be given serious consideration in any similar future effort. | ||
| BM067 | 2004 | Panama - San Lorenzo Effective Protection with Community Participation : implemenation completion report : Panama - San Lorenzo Effective Protection with Community Participation Project | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/230571468780945214/Panama-San-Lorenzo-Effective-Protection-with-Community-Participation-Project | BM | The goals of the grant were to support the effective protection of the new San Lorenzo Protected Area in association with efforts to contribute to the long-term conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity in the Mesoamerican Biological Corridor in Panama. The report gives the current status of the project goals, which were to be achieved by: developing and executing a management plan with participation from national authorities, local communities and non-governmental organizations; by contributing to the establishment of an appropriate institutional framework for the management of the new protected area; establishing financial mechanisms to generate resources for the long-term financial viability of the new protected area; and developing an education and training program to increase local capacity to use and to support the sustainable management of natural resources in the project area. The report also give lessons learned on the importance of taking advantage of synergies and complementary efforts; the great benefits of using a larger umbrella project to support a small focused one, that gives much greater resonance to the impact of the small one; the focus on gender analysis with men, women and families, had a great liberating and cohesive community impact, in terms of human development, participation, motivation, self esteem, confidence, and social interaction; care taken in designing and thinking through methodologies of how to get results in community changes and action pays off; care taken in designing and thinking through methodologies of how to get results in community changes and action pays off; students and volunteers can make the paid team far more effective and do wonderful and surprising things; communication is vital, a website and an attractive book mean people take you seriously; Transition from military to civilian use with community participation; and transition from military to civilian use. | ||
| BM068 | 2004 | Organization of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS) - Protected Areas and Associated Livelihoods Project : resettlement plan : Organization of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS) - Protected Areas and Associated Livelihoods Project : resettlement plan | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/126521468290741012/Organization-of-Eastern-Caribbean-States-OECS-Protected-Areas-and-Associated-Livelihoods-Project-resettlement-plan | BM | The objective of the OECS - Organization of Eastern Caribbean States - Parks and Protected Area and Associated Livelihoods Project, is to contribute to the conservation of biodiversity of global importance in the OECS region, by removing barriers to effective management of protected areas, and increased involvement of civil society, and private sector in the planning, management and sustainable use of these areas. During project implementation there will be no involuntary physical displacement, or resettlement of persons from project selected protected areas. However, some livelihood activities could potentially be impacted due, for example, to the limiting of fishing areas through zoning, limiting fish catches, or restricting certain fishing, and agricultural practices in sensitive areas. This Process Framework outlines the criteria, and procedures that the project will follow to ensure that eligible, affected persons are assisted in their efforts to restore or improve their livelihoods in an integral, environmental process, fair, just, and in accordance with local laws, and consistent with the Bank's Policies on Involuntary Resettlement (OP 4.12) and Natural Habitats (OP 4.04). The project activities for mitigating potential, nonphysical displacement would target local low-income communities that neighbor and use natural resources. Following the objectives of the social assessment, activities should: carry out a stakeholder analysis, and, consultations with stakeholders; abide by the baseline socio-economic conditions, emphasizing natural resource use issues; evaluate social criteria for site pre-selection, and identify key issues for the human communities (both opportunities and potential conflicts or problems) to contribute to site specific action plans, to be developed under the project. The project's Component 2 - Protected Areas and Associated Alternative Livelihood Opportunities - includes facilitating and financing sustainable livelihood subprojects with communities living in and around the targeted PAs. In addition, Component 3 - Capacity Building for Conservation Planning and Management - will include technical assistance, and training opportunities supporting, and developing future, sustainable livelihood activities. | ||
| BM069 | Bhaopichitr, Kirida; ; ; Atsavasirilert, Wallada; ; ; Chockanapitaksa, Poonyanuch | 2003 | Thailand economic monitor | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/137131468133162634/Thailand-economic-monitor | BM | Thailand's growth jumped to 5.2 percent in 2002, the highest since 1997. Domestic demand, especially private consumption, and exports contributed most to this growth. Policies to stimulate private consumption and investment, including a supportive fiscal and monetary policy, as well as some progress in corporate and financial restructuring raised domestic demand. The targeting of new export markets, including China, also raised export earnings by more than 5 percent. Successful macroeconomic adjustment continued to reduce external vulnerability. A current account surplus of more than US$ 7 billion boosted foreign exchange reserves to nearly US$ 39 billion in 2002. External debt was down to 47 percent of gross domestic product (GDP), nearly half the share in 1998, including private external debt, especially of short-term maturity. Thailand is relatively well placed to deal adequately with most external shocks, and this is reflected by the markets in a reduction in the interest-rate spread on Thai debt relative to countries like Malaysia and China. Growth in domestic demand contributed most to real GDP growth in 2002. The Government succeeded in promoting consumer confidence to an all time high and in stimulating private consumption, which grew by nearly 5 percent. Private investment grew for the fourth year and this time by more than 13 percent, even if from a very low share of GDP. This was in part because of a 36 percent growth in residential construction, promoted by tax incentives and bank credit. Gross inflows of foreign direct investment (FDI) fell in 2002, from relatively high levels in 2001, and it is not clear whether this is a blip or start of a trend, given the many factors at work. But given the importance of FDI in Thailand's future competitiveness and productivity, this needs to be watched carefully. | |
| BM070 | Coastal and Environmental Services (CES) | 2003 | South Africa - Greater Addo Elephant National Park Project : environmental assessment | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/694771468759861512/South-Africa-Greater-Addo-Elephant-National-Park-Project-environmental-assessment | BM | This environmental assessment (EA) aims at synthesizing existing socioeconomic, and biophysical information, to determine opportunities, and constraints presented by the environment as related to the implementation of the Greater Addo Elephant National Park Program Project, and, recommend ways to optimize opportunities and minimize constraints, as well as distributing relevant information, while highlighting the Bank safeguard policies. Within the country's environmental legal framework, and Bank environmental policies, the EA looks at the natural environment, i.e., biodiversity, freshwater, and marine environments, and, at the socioeconomic environment on the Eastern Cape, the largest of South Africa's nine provinces, and third largest in population. While the project offers a more sustainable, and economically viable form of land use for most of the planning domain than the current agricultural option, providing long-term security to the mix of biodiversity, and ecological processes, yet, a legitimate concern on the regional economy - i.e., the agricultural sector, particularly the dairy industry - and social aspects regarding the labor market, namely farm workers, foster the following mitigation measures. International, and national conservation standards should be met, in order to enhance eco-tourism as an economic tool that generates employment opportunities within the SANParks, Eastern Cape, and South Africa at large (Eco-tourism has limited costs to the environment, compared with intensive farming). It is highlighted that red data species should be preserved, and research opportunities enhanced, towards the protection of unknown medicinal plants. Within the ecological services to be provided, opportunities for social, and financial uplift of local communities will develop. To this end, a restructuring of the Addo Planning Forum is recommended to include a wider representation, and diversification of duties. A communication strategy has been designed to form the link with stakeholders, and enable communities' concerns to be taken into consideration. | |
| BM071 | Dava, Fernando; ; ; Ahmed, Zuber; ; ; Easton, Peter | 2002 | Managing natural resources along the Mozambican shoreline - the role of myths and rites | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/483981468287717969/Managing-natural-resources-along-the-Mozambican-shoreline-the-role-of-myths-and-rites | BM | Depletion of natural resources is a national issue, as well as a local one in Mozambique, where numerous communities depend for their survival, on the judicious exploitation of their physical environment. It is particularly felt along the country's extensive coastline, where harvesting sea resources - fish, mussels, and other forms of marine life - is both a source of protein, and of revenue. The note looks at how indigenous forms of management function, and how - if at all - can they be adapted to master new challenges to the natural resource base: population pressure and pollution. It describes the mussel farmers of Zimilene, a small village on the Indian Ocean, and its harvest-catch system, on how it ensures a source for resolving conflicts, and allotting usage rights, that are accepted right down to individual community members. The "rule of law", or the authority of the chiefs, regulate the mussel harvest, anchored in the firm belief that the "spirits" of the ancestors watch over the shoals. Such local system of myths, beliefs, and rites preserved the mussel shoals for generations, though under the pressures afoot in the country - poverty and population density - have pushed them to exploit mussel beds, inconsistently with their traditional management. The challenge is how to blend traditional systems of regulation, myth, and ritual, with an armature to build communal sharing, and a new culture of natural resource management. | |
| BM072 | Instituto Hondureno de Turismo | 2000 | Honduras - Sustainable Coastal Tourism Project : social assessment | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/345291468771050207/Honduras-Sustainable-Coastal-Tourism-Project-social-assessment | BM | This Social Assessment (SOA) evaluates potential socioeconomic adversity on local populations, as a result of the Sustainable Coastal Tourism Project implementation. It identifies the beneficiaries, and stakeholders, to determine possible negative impacts on their activities, and to minimize the social constraints thereof. Ethnic representation revealed a larger percentage of mestizo population, with only a thirty percent indigenous population; however, it also revealed strong ties among indigenous populations in the protected areas, between the control of natural resources, and their cultural heritage. Further review analyzed education, and health aspects, land ownership, labor trends, and land uses. Measures to minimize social adversity include: 1) interagency coordination to identify property titles, and settle land conflicts/disputes, with the support of the National Property Registration Institute, Municipalities, non governmental organizations (NGOs) and the Ministry of Tourism; 2) continued inter-cultural process of bilingual education, with the technical, and financial support of the Ministry of Education, including teacher training provision, and enhanced parental awareness; 3) coordination with the Ministry of Health, ethnic organizations, NGOs, and municipalities, to foster HIV/AIDS prevention, by researching migration patterns, and sexual behavior (within cultural parameters); and, 4) technical training for the development, and quality control of native, or indigenous products, and crafts, to diversify, and increase income earnings capacity. | |
| BM073 | 1998 | Rural development : from vision to action - focus countries at a glance | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/694331468753021134/Rural-development-from-vision-to-action-focus-countries-at-a-glance | BM | Focus Countries at a Glance represents an effort to track the performance of the rural sector overtime, in the selected countries, and provides readily accessible information to focus country officials, and Bank staff. The paper summarizes the focus per country, stipulating whether the goals are to achieve rapid agricultural growth, develop a common strategy for improving the rural economy, or, develop - with the International Finance Corporation - new ways of financing agribusiness, and implement reforms. Indicators to track performance have been selected for each of the key themes which are further described in the recent publication "Rural development, from Vision to Action": poverty reduction, growth, food security, and natural resources management. Data sources include the Bank's World Development Indicators, World Watch Institute's State of the World, and the Bank's Rural Development Department Livestock Sector Database. This paper will be updated on a regular basis. | ||
| BM074 | Harstad, Jarle [editor] | 1998 | Encouraging private sector involvement in GEF projects | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/883831468759294184/Encouraging-private-sector-involvement-in-GEF-projects | BM | Private companies must be involved in finding and carrying out solutions to global environmental problems. Otherwise, the technologies and approaches piloted by GEF (Global Environment Facility) projects will not be widely applied or sustained. Private capital flows to developing countries are not five times greater than official development assistance. Private enterprises produce goods and provide services needed to address global environmental and development challenges. At the same time, private businesses are often the source of significant greenhouse gas emissions and ozone depleting substances, pollution of international waters, and threats to conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity. Effectively engaging them in finding lasting solutions to these problems is essential. The Overall Performance Study recommended that GEF take actions to expand private investment and the participation of the private sector in GEF projects. The first generation of GEF projects provides lessons that offer some insights on opportunities and things to watch out for in this area. | |
| BM075 | Carrington,Timothy T.; Nelson,Mark; Park,Shinok | 1998 | Asia development forum dispatches | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/274371468218408727/Asia-development-forum-dispatches | BM | This ADF Dispatches brief includes the following headings: Don't reverse Globalization, Experts Say, Just Watch the Risks. Regional Ties Called Priority for Asia, Habito Sees Asian Crisis as 'Problem of People', an interview with Ronald I. McKinnon and Media Examines Its Role in Crisis and Recovery. They are for the proceedings held March 9-13, 1998 in Manila, Philippines. | |
| BM076 | Cullen,Timothy W. B.; Goto,Shihoko; Keynes; Rafferty, Kevin; Shen,Anna; Sopher,Jamil | 1998 | Bank's World | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/182921548342847496/Banks-World | BM | This Banks World newsletter includes some of the following headings: Bank & Uganda: the inside story; the long goodbye to NRS, by Kevin Rafferty; first class envelop ban stirs controversy, by BW reporter; EDI ready to teach the World by satellite, by Anna Shen; don't kid me that markets are efficient, by Keynes; to cut costs try innovation and creativity, by Jamil Sopher; 250 million children's at risk, by Kevin Rafferty; spare an e-mail for the Banks homeless artists, by Shihoko Goto; Mr. speedy goes to seoul, by BW reporter; the bank , the President and the pearl of Africa, by Tim Cullen; wolfensohn pledges 110 effort to repair trust, by BW reporter; awful offal flushed away, by Anna Shen; for 11 to 17and 18 to 30, read 1 to 5, by Kevin Rafferty. | |
| BM077 | Dowdeswell, Elizabeth; Ketema, Seyfu; Pinstrup Andersen,Per; ; Sayer,Jeffrey A. | 1997 | Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) news | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/395281468225293631/Consultative-Group-on-International-Agricultural-Research-CGIAR-news | BM | Biotechnology in the CGIAR. Progress in research on tropical forests - five years after Rio: an interview with Jeffrey A. Sayer (CIFOR). Editorial: get on a bus...how to alleviate poverty. Forum: attacking the root causes of instability, by Per Pinstrup-Andersen. Research highlights: centers declare victory over the Cassava Green Mite. Announcements. Letters. News: unsafe application of pesticides and dangerous old stocks. World's dryland farmers need new agricultural technology. Spotlight: Tef, by Seyfu Ketema. China modernizing grain transport. Internet: free internet link for NARS. Largest genetic resources database now on the internet. Agriculture fast facts. Forum: the importance of livestock. Feature: when you have a dairy cow.... Past & upcoming. Durum wheat x barley hybrid. Major organizations active in international forestry policy and research. Can high-inequality developing countries escape absolute poverty? News: biotechnology in developing countries. News: Egyptian farmers achieve one of the world's highest rice yields. News: watch the color, save fertilizer.... News: pearl millet boom in Brazil. Desertification, by Elizabeth Dowdeswell. | |
| BM078 | DHV Consultants BV; ; ; Consulting Engineering Servic | 1996 | Bangladesh - Third Road Rehabilitation and Maintenance Project : environmental impact assessment (Vol. 6) | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/490551468742183373/Bangladesh-Third-Road-Rehabilitation-and-Maintenance-Project-environmental-impact-assessment | BM | The Third Road Rehabilitation and Maintenance Projects aims to reduce the total cost of road transport on Bangladesh's most traveled roads. The project will consist of construction of the Nalka-Bonpara road, rehabilitation and improvement of the Dhaka-Sylhet road, and construction of several small but important bridges. During construction phase, soils and general waste matters will be handled and deposited safely. The project will create large waterbodies as a result of excavation of sand borrowpits. These borrowpits will become permanent lakes due to their depth and dimension. The lakes will be rehabilitated after construction. Few dozens of clay borrowpits will be created due to excavation for the cladding of the slopes. The topsoil from the clearing and grubbing will be used for this cladding. Air pollution will be controlled by collecting dust with cloth filters, or spraying water at construction sites. Transport equipment will be furnished with silent boxes to reduce noise. The road design includes large-scale plantation of the embankment with trees and bushes, which will reduce the lateral transmission of noise during operation. To mitigate the risk of floods, culverts are required to be provided for proper drainage. In places where erosion is to be expected, wind grasses will be planted. | |
| BM079 | Gustaf Lundin, Carl; Linden, Olof; | 1995 | Proceedings of the national workshop on integrated coastal zone management in the Seychelles | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/571491468304270730/Proceedings-of-the-national-workshop-on-integrated-coastal-zone-management-in-the-Seychelles | BM | Coastal zones are important issues in the international debate on the environment and sustainable development. The coastal zone in general consists of the interface between land and sea and in such an equation marine space and resources are as important as terrestrial ones. This means that small island developing states such as the Seychelles have a large coastal area to land mass ratio. As concisely as possible, this document reveals the status of all major and pressing issues revolving around the coastal zone and provides some suggestions on how to move forward. Firstly, the coastal zone of Seychelles is described and some parameters are presented to assist in a precise definition of the coastal zone. This chapter includes an overview of all the principal islands. Secondly, the major development opportunities and threats on the coastal zone of Mahe are outlined. These include tourism, commercial and manufacturing industries and ports. Fisheries and agriculture are presented in the chapter entitled natural resource use: threats and weaknesses. This chapter also outlines the use of geological resources such as sand. Since there are major threats to the integrity of the coastal zone, these are treated separately. These trends in environmental concern include biodiversity and the management of protected areas, coastal erosion, population and urban pressure and development on the outer islands. Climate change is a global worry and since a rising sea level and other phenomena associated with climate change could devastate the coastal zone; this issue is investigated in another chapter. Many projects impinging on the coastal zone are donor driven. Therefore, the status of these projects is examined. Management strengths and weaknesses are described with a view to promote Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM). The necessary for ICZM and constraints hindering integrated approaches treated. Finally, some recommendations are outlined to provide some vitally needed to build a foundation for ICZM in Seychelles. | |
| CIEM001 | https://doi.org/10.17895/ices.pub.22789475 | Tania Mendo, Marta Mega Rufino, Josefine Egekvis | 2023 | Workshop on small scale fisheries and geo-spatial data 2 (WKSSFGEO2) | CIEM | The aim of the Workshop on Small Scale Fisheries and Geo-Spatial Data 2 (WKSSFGEO2) was to continue the work developed during WKSSFGEO, namely on analysis of the high-resolution geo-spatial data in small-scale fisheries (SSF), as well as large-scale fisheries (LSF) taking into consideration low duration fishing events. During this workshop, an open database of examples of SSF across the EU, including a script to anonymize the data, was produced. The data set currently available has 9 full case studies from different countries, gears, geo-position recordings and temporal intervals, is fully functional and openly available on ICES github. Various methods to infer fishing activities were compared, and the main issues and recommendations were discussed. Testing of the effect of temporal resolution in the data using the example data base was initiated but further work is required on this aspect. Based on preliminary analysis, it was concluded that a conservative approach of a ‘ping rate’ of 30 secs (to obtain a 1 min temporal interval) is recommended if a generalisation is to be made that is applicable in all Metiers and that can be used to estimate all EU Multiannual Programme for data collection variables. Based on available data sources (EU FDI, ICES VMS/Logbook Data Call, Global Fishing Watch AIS) an overview of small-scale fisheries (SSF) in EU Waters, visualized in figures, maps and tables was created. It was clear that it is difficult to directly compare data from the three available sources as each have different issues, e.g., different vessel length groups, covering fisheries from different countries and different legislation behind the data sources. Based on FDI data we can see that the passive gears are responsible for most fishing effort and that around ⅓ fishing effort from EU vessels in area 27 (North Atlantic) is from mobile bottom-contacting gears. In area 37 (Mediterranean and Black Sea) the proportion of fishing effort from mobile bottom-contacting gears is smaller. With regards to position data from the SSF, the VMS data can provide good coverage for vessels larger than 12 m, and the AIS could supplement for the smaller vessels, but the analysis comparing the fishing days by vessel length classes for the three data sources show that it is not a complete picture. The Global Fishing Watch data has shown another useful additional source which could be useful in future analysis. The resulting maps indicate significant gaps in data or data availability and a complete profile of SSF in EU cannot yet be produced with these data. WKSSFGEO2 discussed the opportunities, challenges and benefits for an EU-wide tracking system for small-scale fisheries vessels and this report provides a guidance document with various recommendations on ways forward. | |
| CIEM002 | https://doi.org/10.17895/ices.advice.24087489 | ICES | 2023 | EU request for a technical service to compile available data and methods to estimate fishing pressure from small scale fisheries under D1/D6 for the MSFD | CIEM | This Technical Service is in response to an EU request to explore the spatial and temporal distribution and intensity of fishing using bottom-contacting gears for vessels shorter than 12 m, with or without vessel monitoring systems (VMS), in EU waters. It is the first deliverable of the ICES response to a broader request for advice from DGENV to build upon the ICES 2021 advice (ICES, 2021a). Three different data sources were analysed: EU Fisheries Dependent Information (FDI) data, ICES VMS and logbook data, and automatic identification system (AIS) data from Global Fishing Watch (GFW) (ICES, 2023a). FDI data represent the most complete dataset in geographical (all EU waters) and temporal coverage. Fishing effort data show that vessels shorter than 12 m are predominant (Annex, Fig. 1 for Northeast Atlantic; Annex, Fig. 2 for Mediterranean and Black seas) and that most fishing effort across the reference period (2016–2021) was conducted using passive gears (Annex, Figs. 3 and 4). Mobile bottom-contacting gears (MBCG) represent one-third of the total fishing effort in the Northeast Atlantic (Annex, Fig. 3) and approximately one-sixth of the total in the Mediterranean and Black seas (Annex, Fig. 4). The spatial analysis of FDI data shows specific ICES areas and GSAs with higher representation of MBCG (Annex, Figs. 5 and 6). However, given the resolution of the current datasets (ICES statistical rectangles and GSA), it was not possible to produce a finer-scale analysis using VMS data that is compatible with the assessment framework developed for the previous ICES advice (ICES, 2021 (ICES, 2021a) Machine learning and statistical methods can be used to detect fishing activity from small-scale vessels. Random Forest methods proved to be very efficient in identifying fishing and non-fishing events. Other methodologies tested were Hidden Markov models (HMM) and neural networks (ICES, 2023a). | |
| FAO001 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cd1554en | FAO | 2024 | Forum on fisheries science in the Mediterranean and the Black Sea: Scaling up science for effective fisheries management | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/0f814fdf-51c9-4a29-aef0-36680beb81cc/full | FAO | This publication presents the outcomes and conclusions of the Forum on Fisheries Science in the Mediterranean and the Black Sea (Fish Forum 2024), including abstracts of keynote addresses, contributions and posters. Organized by the General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean, this event gathered scientists, fishers, stakeholders, researchers, engineers, academics, practitioners, managers and decision-makers from around the world to share knowledge on the latest developments and trends in fisheries science and discuss existing and emerging challenges as well as research priorities. The outcomes and abstracts are organized according to the three themes of Fish Forum 2024: better science for better advice; healthy seas and sustainable fisheries; and economic and technological innovation for resilient fisheries. The aim of this compilation is to provide insights to support decision-making processes and better advice in the region that will help shape the future of Mediterranean and Black Sea fisheries. |
| FAO002 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cd0054en | Welch, E.; Louafi, S.; De Donà, M.; Xuan Nguyen, A.; Raab, K.; | 2024 | Global science–policy interfaces related to agrifood systems: a desktop review of structures and common patterns | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/c3d56f5b-0c9a-4b7d-96a3-0c9effaf2843/full | FAO | This background paper to the guidance that FAO is developing on strengthening science–policy interfaces (SPIs) for agrifood systems at the national level sets provides information about the structures and patterns common to global SPIs. It aims to: 1) provide a broad overview and comparison of how international SPIs work, 2) identify a set of categories that are relevant to the work of SPIs, 3) present a systematic, comparative analysis based on publicly available data, 4) draw preliminary conclusions based on findings, and 5) suggest further avenues for study. The conceptual framework identifies three key components of SPIs that, operating together, have the potential to anticipate and respond to needs and demands for both policy and science. Governance comprises the formal and informal rules and procedures for operation and integration among the numerous actors at the interface of science and policy. Co-production specifies the mechanisms by which diverse stakeholders and knowledge types are integrated and recognized in SPI activities. Learning represents the intention and capacity of the SPI to gain insights from what works and what does not work as it carries out its tasks. The findings show that across SPIs, patterning of the three components varies. |
| FAO003 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cd0320en | FAO | 2024 | Strategic roadmap of surveillance for fisheries resources | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/e3bff2a2-4021-47da-95c5-ffe959d01698/full | FAO | This strategic plan (roadmap) of surveillance was developed to assist policymakers with initiatives to improve monitoring, control and surveillance (MCS) against illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing in four Indonesian FMAs: 712, 713, 714 and 573. The roadmap development was informed by a previous study on MCS stocktaking effort in the same areas. The four fishing management areas (FMAs) are under the management of 18 provincial administrations, striving to enhance institutional capacity, measurable fisheries management and combating IUU fishing in their respective areas.The MCS roadmap identified the main issues in the four FMAs, the main MCS-related challenges, strategies and recommendations. It divided the MCS efforts into four dimensions, namely before fishing, during fishing, landing and after landing with all relevant ministries, institutions/organizations involved as the key stakeholders in each dimension. The roadmap proposes seven strategies, namely (i.) digital transformation and technology adoption, (ii.) innovation in resource sourcing and budget allocation at both central and regional levels for surveillance and resource management, (iii.) policy harmonization and integration, (iv.) self-reporting innovation, certification and rating systems, (v.) capacity building and human resource distribution, (vi.) institutional and programme integration and (vii.) infrastructure and facility capacity enhancement.Some of the recommendations for the four FMAs including initiatives to optimizing the MCS efforts, innovative funding sources and budget reformation, enhancing the role of the Marine and Fisheries Crime Handling Coordination Forum (TPKP) at the provincial level and strengthening the role of Pokmaswas (Community Monitoring Groups), among others. The roadmap development was part of the FAO/GEF-supported Indonesian Sea Large Marine Ecosystem (ISLME) project. |
| FAO004 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cc7657en | FAO; CITES; | 2024 | Technical report on the regional workshop on the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), fisheries, and legal acquisition findings with Latin American and Caribbean countries | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/cd989196-503d-4609-b837-b4ef5e9d5861/full | FAO | This document contains the report of the regional training workshop on the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), fisheries, and legal acquisition findings (LAFs) for 13 Latin American and Caribbean countries, jointly organized by the Development Law Service of the FAO Legal Office and the CITES Secretariat, in collaboration with the FAO Offices for Ecuador and Latin America and the Caribbean. The workshop was held in Spanish and in-person only from 8 to 11 May 2023. The workshop aimed to raise awareness and strengthen the understanding of CITES requirements and their implementation in the fisheries sector; introduce and train participants on the use of the FAO-CITES Legal Study and Guide; train participants on the use of the Rapid Guide for the Making of LAFs, available at Annex 3 of Resolution 18.7 (Rev. CoP19); and identify countries’ needs and interests for a better implementation of CITES in the fisheries sector.A total of 50 participants joined the workshop from 13 countries in the Latin American and Caribbean region (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Mexico, Panama, Peru and Venezuela [Bolivarian Republic of]), regional organizations (the Central American and Dominican Republic Wildlife Enforcement Network and Permanent Commission for the South Pacific), non-governmental organizations (Defenders of Wildlife and World Fund for Nature), the private sector (fishing enterprises), as well as the UN Office on Drugs and Crime, in addition to the CITES Secretariat and FAO.The four-day programme included presentations on CITES key principles and requirements and their applicability in the fisheries sector; clarifications on commercially exploited aquatic species listed in CITES Appendix II, opportunities for collaboration between CITES and fisheries authorities, correlations between CITES and fisheries management; introduction on how to use the FAO-CITES Legal Study and Guide; the relevance to CITES of the Agreement on Port State Measures to Prevent, Deter and Eliminate Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing, Catch Documentation Scheme, and associated technical guidelines. Additionally, the workshop promoted the use of the Rapid Guide for the Making of LAFs.This is the third of a series of legal training workshops on CITES and fisheries organized by the CITES Secretariat and FAO. The first and second workshops were held at the subregional level, respectively, for Pacific Island countries (November 2021) and English-speaking Caribbean countries (May–June 2022). |
| FAO005 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cc8652en | FAO | 2024 | Report of the twenty-fourth session of the Scientific Advisory Committee on Fisheries, FAO headquarters, Rome, Italy, 20–23 June 2023 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/4e2d6a03-af93-491b-8506-c6f98d6f2893/full | FAO | This report presents the outcomes of the twenty-fourth session of the GFCM Scientific Advisory Committee on Fisheries. The Committee reviewed the work carried out during the 2022–2023 intersession, including in the context of the MedSea4Fish programme, and provided advice on the status of priority stocks and ecosystems and on potential management measures addressing key fisheries and vulnerable species in the Mediterranean. At the regional level, the Committee provided advice on: i) European eel, red coral and common dolphinfish fisheries in the Mediterranean; ii) minimum conservation reference size for GFCM priority species, including deep-water red shrimp and European hake at the regional level as well as small pelagics in the Adriatic sea and round sardinella in the eastern Mediterranean; and iii) the socioeconomic impacts of a potential extension of bottom trawling limits. With regard to small-scale fisheries, the Committee supported the need to revise the monitoring framework of the Regional Plan of Action for small-scale fisheries in the Mediterranean and the Black Sea. It discussed additional work in support of the GFCM, endorsing dedicated research programmes, including on recreational fisheries and on jellyfish in the Alboran Sea, as well as a draft regional plan of action to monitor and mitigate interactions between fisheries and vulnerable species in the Mediterranean and the Black Sea and identified further actions towards the implementation of standardized monitoring plans for fisheries restricted areas (FRAs) and the development of pilot studies to identify boundaries of known vulnerable marine ecosystems. It also discussed issues related to decarbonization and climate change, estimation of discards and fishing capacity. In line with the subregional approach, the Committee formulated advice on i) blackspot seabream in the western Mediterranean; ii) small pelagics in the Alboran Sea; iii) a FRA in the Cabliers Coral Mound Province; iv) Norway lobster, red mullet and striped red mullet in the central Mediterranean; v) round sardinella, small-scale fisheries and non-indigenous species in the eastern Mediterranean; and vi) small pelagics and key demersal stocks in the Adriatic Sea. Finally, the Committee agreed upon its workplan for 2023–2025. |
| FAO006 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cd0033en | FAO | 2024 | Report of the fifth meeting of the WECAFC Working Group on Fisheries using Anchored (or Moored) Fish Aggregating Devices (aFADs), Roseau, Dominica and Virtual meeting, 17–19 April 2023 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/1f7b4c04-852a-4375-91d6-6f4294a4b886/full | FAO | The fifth Meeting of the WECAFC Working Group (WG) on Fisheries using Anchored (or Moored) Fish Aggregating Devices (aFAD) was held in a hybrid format from 17–19 April 2023, hosted by the Commonwealth of Dominica. The meeting was attended by various WECAFC Members, including Barbados, Brazil, Colombia, Commonwealth of Dominica, Dominican Republic, European Union, France, Nicaragua, Panama, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, and the United States of America. The objectives included reviewing data and recent developments in member countries with aFAD fisheries, discussing working documents related to the implementation of the 2022–2024 workplan, providing a status update on the implementation of relevant instruments and recommendations, and developing recommendations and a proposed work plan for future work. |
| FAO007 | 2024 | Committee on Fisheries. Sub-Committee on Fisheries Management. First Session. Written Correspondence Procedure: 22 November–22 December 2023. Virtual Plenary Sessions: 15–18 January 2024. List of participants | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/b4ad9470-025c-4614-ae1d-8e4cd32b0ef1/full | FAO | NA | ||
| FAO008 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cc6667en | FAO | 2023 | Report of the Fourth Meeting of the Parties to the Agreement on Port State Measures to Prevent, Deter and Eliminate Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/0d4611eb-e931-4e71-8ce5-53e08daa6942/full | FAO | The Parties reviewed the status of the FAO Agreement on Port State Measures (“the Agreement” or PSMA) and recalled the decisions of the Third Meeting of the Parties. Progress and challenges in the implementation of the Agreement by Parties were discussed and the important role of regional fisheries bodies (RFBs), in particular regional fisheries management organizations (RFMOs), in supporting the implementation of the Agreement was highlighted. The Parties agreed on the operationalization of the Global Information Exchange System by the end of 2023 and adopted the Terms of Reference for the Technical Working Group on Information Exchange. The Parties emphasized that assistance to developing States Parties is critical for the effective implementation of the Agreement, and reiterated the need to make the multilateral-partner PSMA Part 6 Trust Fund administered by FAO operational. The Parties adopted A Strategy to Improve the Effectiveness of the Agreement on Port State Measures to Prevent, Deter and Eliminate Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing (the “Bali Strategy”). The Parties also agreed that the Terms of Reference of the PSMA Strategy ad hoc Working Group be modified to include the task of monitoring the effective implementation of the Agreement. The amended questionnaire for the Parties for the review and assessment of the effectiveness of the PSMA, together with the new questionnaire for RFBs and other international organizations, were adopted. The programme of work was discussed and the Parties agreed on a schedule of PSMA meetings. |
| FAO009 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cc9045en | FAO | 2023 | Report of the fourth meeting of the Part 6 Working Group established by the Parties to the Agreement on Port State Measures to Prevent, Deter and Eliminate Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing, Rome, 4 April 2023 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/de805f3c-e859-4ac8-81e2-72224dc0cd88/full | FAO | This document contains the report of the fourth meeting of the Part 6 Working Group established by the Parties to the Agreement on Port State Measures to Prevent, Deter and Eliminate Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing (hereinafter referred to as the Agreement or the PSMA), held in Rome, Italy, on 4 April 2023. The Part 6 Working Group discussed the requirements of developing States in the implementation of the PSMA, and made concrete recommendations on priority areas for technical assistance and capacity development. The Part 6 Working Group also discussed the status of implementation of the Terms of Reference for the Funding Mechanisms under Part 6 of the PSMA, and noted the need to increase funding to assist developing States in the implementation of the Agreement through, among others: (i) earmarked contributions to FAO for specific project(s) and programme(s); (ii) contributions to the multilateral partner PSMA Part 6 Trust Fund administered by FAO. |
| FAO010 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cc7783en | FAO | 2023 | Report of the third meeting of the Agreement on Port State Measures (PSMA) Open-Ended Technical Working Group on Information Exchange, Rome, 13–14 December 2022 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/07ff9912-8812-4623-9617-166127c1534a/full | FAO | The third meeting of the PSMA Open-ended Technical Working Group on Information Exchange (TWG-IE) was held in Rome, Italy, from 13 to 14 December 2022. The TWG-IE commended the advances made in the development of the Global Information Exchange System (GIES), provided recommendations for the refinement of the system and recommended that GIES should be operationalized in 2023 following the approval of Parties at their fourth Meeting. |
| FAO011 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cc7449en | FAO | 2023 | Report of the first meeting of the Strategy ad hoc Working Group, Rome, 3–7 April 2023 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/f45a4e54-768a-4e32-a760-96a4cc8ecfa7/full | FAO | This document contains the report of the first meeting of the Strategy ad hoc Working Group (SWG) established by the Parties to the Agreement on Port State Measures to Prevent, Deter and Eliminate Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing (hereinafter referred to as the Agreement or the PSMA), held at FAO Headquarters in Rome, Italy, from 3 to 7 April 2023. It was attended by 55 Parties to the Agreement, and by observers from 23 States, 11 intergovernmental, 5 international non-governmental organizations and one specialized agency from the United Nations (UN). In line with its Terms of Reference adopted by the Parties, the SWG discussed aspects to improve the effectiveness of the PSMA, namely in relation to increasing adherence to the Agreement, the fulfilment of Parties’ responsibilities, mechanisms for the monitoring, review and assessment of the implementation of the Agreement, as well as resources required for the sustainable functioning of the Agreement. On the basis of the discussions and on the consolidated recommendations emanating from the four PSMA regional coordination meetings convened in 2022, the SWG developed a draft Strategy to Improve the Effectiveness of the PSMA and agreed to put it forward for consideration at the Fourth Meeting of Parties (MoP4). |
| FAO012 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cc5484en | Blaha, F.; Vincent, A.; Piedrahita, Y. ; | 2023 | Guidance document: Advancing end-to-end traceability | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/5a6b950c-6bbb-4a96-b446-f3c7e655a1d7/full | FAO | The Guidance document: “Advancing end-to-end traceability along capture fisheries and aquaculture value chains” responds to a critical need for consensus towards establishing end-to-end traceability through globally agreed and standardized understanding of the critical tracking events (CTEs) along the fish value chain, as well as sources of key data elements (KDEs) related to fish production and product identification. In particular, the Guidance aims at developing insights and addressing gaps in developing and implementing traceability systems for both the private sector and government. Supported by deliberations through various consultations between 2021 and 2022, it also provides technical advice in the enforcement and adequate verification of traceability in fish value chains and seeks to act as a benchmark of existing traceability systems to evaluate their efficacy and identify associated gaps. The document addresses these objectives through the identification of CTEs and KDEs along the fish value chain (sections 3 and 4) and, where possible, the identification of supporting standards based on the standards and guidelines of the Global Dialogue on Seafood Traceability (GDST). It includes discussion and recommendation narrative (sections 5 and 6) whereby the overarching takeaways and advice is to: a) identify and define standardized KDEs and CTEs for commercial and regulatory traceability; and b) follow strict due diligence using a holistic and integrated approach involving all stakeholders at legal, commercial and operational level prior to commitment. |
| FAO013 | 2023 | CWP Intersessional Meetings of Aquaculture and Fisheries Subject Groups Joint Session - 28- 30 June 2023 - Relevant activities carried out by ICES during the intersessional period (July 2022-June 2023) | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/0221ea14-f42c-41be-a80f-a2da613529c4/full | FAO | NA | ||
| FAO014 | 2023 | Update on capacity-building activities to address IUU fishing (the CAPFISH project) | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/ab42cd9a-e817-4962-952c-9b127a12ed55/full | FAO | This document provides a summary of capacity-building activities undertaken by the World Maritime University in the context of the CAPFISH project to promote international instruments and address IUU Fishing with the support of specialized agencies of the United Nations | ||
| FAO015 | 2023 | REPORT OF THE FOURTH MEETING OF THE PART 6 WORKING GROUP ESTABLISHED BY THE PARTIES TO THE PSMA | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/aec6ec4a-63b6-40d7-975d-632245411671/full | FAO | This document contains the report of the fourth meeting of the Part 6 Working Group established by the Parties to the Agreement on Port State Measures to Prevent, Deter and Eliminate Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing (hereinafter referred to as the Agreement or the PSMA), held in Rome, Italy, on 4 April 2023. The Part 6 Working Group discussed the requirements of developing States in the implementation of the PSMA, and made concrete recommendations on priority areas for technical assistance and capacity development. The Part 6 Working Group also discussed the status of implementation of the Terms of Reference for the Funding Mechanisms under Part 6 of the PSMA, and noted the need to increase funding to assist developing States in the implementation of the Agreement through, among others: (i) earmarked contributions to FAO for specific project(s) and programme(s); (ii) contributions to the multilateral partner PSMA Part 6 Trust Fund administered by FAO. | ||
| FAO016 | FAO | 2023 | REPORT OF THE THIRD MEETING OF THE PSMA OPEN-ENDED TECHNICAL WORKING GROUP ON INFORMATION EXCHANGE (Advance version) | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/de2e5dc8-481f-4ec7-a42f-193570b25009/full | FAO | This document contains the report of the third meeting of the Agreement on Port State Measures (PSMA) Open-Ended Technical Working Group on Information Exchange (TWG-IE), which was held in Rome, Italy, 13-14 December 2022. The Meeting of the Parties to the PSMA, in its third meeting, recognized the importance of information sharing for the implementation of the Agreement and more widely for combatting IUU fishing. Parties recognized the importance of the availability of information related to the national contact points and designated ports for the Agreement in the PSMA application and called for all those Parties not having done so yet, to provide updated information. Parties welcomed the prototype of the GIES and agreed that GIES enter a pilot phase and encouraged its use by Parties to allow for complete familiarization with the data upload and information sharing functions, and other features. The Parties stressed the importance of data protection and confidentiality, and ensuring the system is practical and user friendly, including making it as interoperable as possible with existing systems to minimize unnecessary burdens on Parties. Parties requested technical and operational matters related to the GIES to be discussed at TWG-IE meeting in 2022. With regard to the pilot phase of the GIES, TWG-IE made specific recommendations on improvements and future developments of the GIES, whilst stressing the need for the system to remain sustainable and that the development of new features does not postpone the operationalization of the system. The TWG-IE recommended that a deadline be set for all Parties to share technical comments on the GIES system and recommended the operationalization of the GIES in 2023 following the approval of Parties at their fourth Meeting. The TWG-IE noted the importance of defining how long reports published within the GIES should be retained. The TWG-IE considered that the IMO number should be made mandatory in the GIES if the vessel has an IMO number, whilst recommending that other identifiers such as the international radio call sign, the external marking usually referring to national registration numbers, RFMO identifiers and MMSI should be considered for vessels without IMO numbers. The TWG-IE reiterated the importance that all Parties submit information on NCPs and DPs and keep this information updated. The TWG-IE highlighted the importance of ensuring that all designated ports under the PSMA, have been attributed a UN/LOCODE, when possible. The TWG-IE recognized the need for the terms of reference for the working group. The TWG-IE made further recommendations in relation to: considerations in cases of Force Majeure in relation to the GIES; the importance of security in the GIES; the importance of RFBs in supporting information exchange; and the importance of materials and trainings to guide GIES users. | |
| FAO017 | 2023 | REPORT OF THE FIRST MEETING OF THE STRATEGY AD HOC WORKING GROUP | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/347d694c-f066-4772-8c6d-8b4493dbd3af/full | FAO | This document contains the report of the first meeting of the Strategy ad hoc Working Group (SWG) established by the Parties to the Agreement on Port State Measures to Prevent, Deter and Eliminate Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing (hereinafter referred to as the Agreement or the PSMA), held at FAO Headquarters in Rome, Italy, from 3 to 7 April 2023. It was attended by 55 Parties to the Agreement, and by observers from 23 States, 11 intergovernmental, 5 international non-governmental organizations and one specialized agency from the Unites Nations (UN). In line with its Terms of Reference adopted by the Parties, the SWG discussed aspects to improve the effectiveness of the PSMA, namely in relation to increasing adherence to the Agreement, the fulfilment of Parties’responsibilities, mechanisms for the monitoring, review and assessment of the implementation of the Agreement, as well as resources required for the sustainable functioning of the Agreement. On the basis of the discussions and on the consolidated recommendations emanating from the four PSMA Regional Coordination Meetings convened in 2022, the SWG developed a draft Strategy to Improve the Effectiveness of the PSMA and agreed to put it forward for consideration at the Fourth Meeting of Parties (MoP4). | ||
| FAO018 | 2023 | Report of the FIFTH MEETING OF THE WECAFC WORKING GROUP ON FISHERIES USING ANCHORED (OR MOORED) FISH AGGREGATING DEVICES (aFADs) Roseau, Dominica and Virtual meeting, 17-19 April 2023/CINQUIÈME RÉUNION DU GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE LA COPACO SUR LES PÊCHES UTILISANT DES DISPOSITIFS DE CONCENTRATION DE POISSONS ANCRÉS (OU AMARRÉS) (aFAD)/QUINTA REUNIÓN DEL GRUPO DE TRABAJO DE LA COPACO SOBRE PESCA QUE UTILIZAN DISPOSITIVOS DE CONCENTRACIÓN DE PECES ANCLADOS (O AMARRADOS) (aFAD) | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/2c4ef829-6e3f-432d-ae0a-a3531009367e/full | FAO | The fifth Meeting of the WECAFC Working Group on Fisheries using Anchored/Moored Fish Aggregating Devices (aFAD) was held in a hybrid format from 17 to 19 April 2023, hosted by the Commonwealth of Dominica. The meeting was attended by various WECAFC Members, including Barbados, Brazil, Colombia, Commonwealth of Dominica, Dominican Republic, European Union, France, Nicaragua, Panama, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, and the United States of America. The opening of the meeting was marked by remarks from Ms. Yvette Diei Ouadi, Secretary of WECAFC, and Dr. Renata Clarke, FAO Sub-Regional Coordinator for the Caribbean, who emphasized the significance of aFAD fisheries in the region and the challenges they face. The meeting, chaired by Derrick Theophille, discussed the adoption of the agenda and meeting arrangements, as well as the background and objectives of the meeting. The objectives included reviewing data and recent developments in Member Countries with aFAD fisheries, discussing working documents related to the implementation of the 2022-2024 workplan, providing a status update on the implementation of relevant instruments and recommendations, and developing recommendations and a proposed work plan for future work. Status update presentations were given by representatives from different WECAFC members, including Barbados, Brazil, the Commonwealth of Dominica, European Union (Martinique and Guadeloupe), Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, the United States of America, and the Dominican Republic. The presentations covered various aspects of the aFAD fisheries in each country, including monitoring, harvest control, effort calculations, landings, regulations, and challenges faced. Questions and discussions were held regarding private FADs, vessel monitoring systems, size limits for catch, reporting to international organizations, the use of technology for monitoring smaller vessels, and the location of aFADs in marine spatial planning. Overall, the meeting provided an opportunity for WG members to exchange experiences, discuss challenges, and identify areas for collaboration and future work in the field of aFAD fisheries. A key objective of the meeting was the review and discussion of several documents stemming out of the 2022-2024 Workplan aimed at improving aFAD fisheries management in the region. These documents included (1) the WECAFC Regional aFAD Fishery management Plan, (2) the Guide for improved monitoring of aFADs and improved assessment of impacts of aFADs on stocks, and (3) the Guide for the development of local aFAD fishery management plans. | ||
| FAO020,GS091 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cb8067en | Drinkwin, J. | 2022 | Reporting and retrieval of lost fishing gear: recommendations for developing effective programmes | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/40af1e6c-e59b-45fc-bf65-40dcf8dabc72/full | FAO,GS | Abandoned, lost, or otherwise discarded fishing gear, alternately known as ALDFG or ghost gear is the most harmful form of marine plastic litter for marine animals and habitats. It also can impede safe navigation, mars beaches and reefs, and causes economic losses to fisheries and other marine-dependent industries across the globe. While current estimates of the amount of ALDFG in the ocean are not available, a growing body of evidence has documented high rates of ALDFG in fisheries around the world, with coincident costs to fisheries, harm to the environment, and safety risks. Because most fishing gear has significant plastic components, the negative impacts from ALDFG also include less direct but longer term impacts associated with other plastic pollution and microplastics including negative effects on biota, water quality and even human health. Advancing solutions to ALDFG on a global scale has gained momentum with the efforts of the FAO, the United Nations Environmental Program (UNEP), and the IMO through their multilateral fora (COFI, UNEA and MEPC); the publication and endorsement of the Voluntary Guidelines for the Marking of Fishing Gear (VGMFG); the IMO action plan to address marine plastic litter from ships; the creation of the Global Ghost Gear Initiative (GGGI); and the establishment of the Joint Group of Experts on the Scientific Aspects of Marine Environmental Pollution (GESAMP) Working Group 43. These efforts reflect the growing understanding that ALDFG is a considerable and damaging source of MPL in the ocean. With the publication of the VGMFG and the Best Practice Framework (BPF) for the management of fishing gear, there are now references for how to prevent loss of fishing gear and prevent harm from ALDFG. Focusing on two key recommendations of the VGMFG and the BPF, this report describes systems for fisher-led reporting and retrieval of lost fishing gear, identifies critical elements of successful programs, and recommends next steps for countries to develop successful programs. |
| FAO021 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cb9399en | FAO | 2022 | First virtual Global Fisheries Enforcement Training Workshop | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/216baa63-796b-44a0-b167-e0d1bf90d36d/full | FAO | This document contains the proceedings of the IMCSNET’s first ever virtual GFETW, which took place online on 13 and 14 July 2021. Nearly 600 monitoring, control and surveillance (MCS) practitioners from around the world, as well as other fisheries stakeholders and organizations, registered to participate in the online conference, which consisted of a schedule of speakers, presentations, panel discussions, and interactive discussion rooms. In addition, the virtual platform software utilized for the GFETW facilitated the ability for participants to create and use private meeting rooms for networking sessions, as well as an online chatting function. One of the primary focuses of the IMCSNET is to increase fisheries MCS cooperation and collaboration between Member countries, especially with and between developing country Members The virtual conference included participants from both developing and developed nations as well as stakeholder organizations involved in fisheries MCS. The overall theme of the virtual GFETW was “Illuminating the Unknowns – Global Cooperation to Eliminate the “U’s” from Illegal, Unreported, and Unregulated (IUU) Fishing”. The GFETW focused on an interactive format highlighting three interactive panel discussions on emerging MCS areas of interest or challenges. The event also included MCS papers, presentations, and short videos relevant to one of the following four GFETW themes: cooperation and partnerships, risk assessment and analysis, technology as an enabler, and transparency. |
| FAO022 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cb9389en | FAO | 2022 | EAF-Nansen Programme expert workshop on ecosystem characterization | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/56ab800c-bc63-4b47-8d3b-eaa11fd7ef2e/full | FAO | As part of the EAF-Nansen Programme activities, a workshop was organized on ecosystem characterization at the FAO Headquarters in Rome from 21 to 23 August 2018. The workshop aimed at identifying relevant ecosystem characterization approaches for data limited areas, defining best-practice methods for ecosystem characterization in data limited regions and how these should be applied, suggesting how this knowledge can feed into decision-making at tactical and strategic levels, defining how uncertainty in the methods can be taken into account and communicated, and understanding existing challenges and ongoing efforts in targeted regions that may be of relevance to ecosystem characterization. The expected outputs of the workshop were a report describing best methods/approaches for ecosystem characterizations in data-limited regions and an action plan for future case studies in two regions. |
| FAO023 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cc2545en | FAO | 2022 | Mapping distant-water fisheries access arrangements | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/458905a7-588d-45b7-a7c4-4c86c819597f/full | FAO | The report results from an exploratory mapping based on a desk study using a range of academic, policy, and media literature. It also draws on the multiple contributors’ extensive experiences as researchers, including interview data and collaborations with governments, industry, and civil society. This report presents fisheries access arrangements by mapping the major arrangements for accessing marine capture fisheries in foreign jurisdictional waters, with a particular emphasis on developing countries. This representative mapping of access arrangements provides a conceptual and empirical foundation for future work on related issues. The report focuses exclusively on industrial-scale activities, including vessels locally flagged and registered where the business is not beneficially owned in the country. The report does not examine fisheries access in general (e.g. access rights for a domestic firm in a domestic fishery). It does not undertake economic analysis nor provide policy options. This report is the first phase of a comprehensive study on analysing fishing access arrangements from an economic angle to facilitate the identification of opportunities to enhance the trade of fisheries-related services, particularly for developing countries. |
| FAO024 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cb8100en | FAO | 2022 | Inclusive social development and decent work for enhancing small-scale fisheries resilience to the COVID-19 pandemic | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/71b35cba-d525-4110-a272-2de889c2e36c/full | FAO | This document is part of a series of briefs framed under the provisions of the Voluntary Guidelines for Securing Sustainable Small-Scale Fisheries in the Context of Food Security and Poverty Eradication (SSF Guidelines). These briefs aim at assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on several areas that are crucial to the sustainable development of the small-scale fisheries sector and portray examples of coping strategies that small-scale fisheries stakeholders have used to mitigate the effects of the pandemic on the sector. Although the examples showcased in this document are related to the COVID-19 pandemic, they are also relevant to other types of disasters. These examples could inform future emergency response plans aiming at mitigating the impacts of natural disasters on the small-scale fisheries sector, especially in the event of major biological hazards. Likewise, the examples discussed in this document should be kept in mind during any development initiative, even in the absence of disasters, to increase the resilience of and socio-economic benefits for small-scale fishers, fish workers and their communities. |
| FAO025 | 2022 | Sub-Committee on Fish Trade Eighteenth Session. Written Correspondence Procedure: 8 April to 8 May 2022 Virtual Plenary sessions: 7, 8, 9 and 20 June 2022 - Scoping paper on social responsibility. Additional information | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/41d3bfa7-137f-4f91-bfa5-2f13eb8089ed/full | FAO | NA | ||
| FAO026 | 2022 | Coordinating Working Party on Fishery Statistics. Intersessional Meetings of Aquaculture and Fisheries Subject Groups. Eight Meeting of the Aquaculture Subject Group (AS) and Twenty-Ninth meeting of the Fisheries Subject Group (FS), 20–23 June 2022. Progress report of the CWP ad-hoc Task Group on effort concepts | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/fb34c037-abdd-4234-8e8c-133efcc971b1/full | FAO | CWP-26 established the ad-hoc task group on fishing effort concepts (TG-effort) to review, revise and where necessary further develop CWP fishing effort concepts and standard measures. Progress on this work (CWP-IS/2021/2) was reported at the intersession meeting of CWP in November 2021. That meeting provided further guidance to TG-effort (CWP-IS report, 2021) including inter alia to further consider: the overall objective of the work, fishing effort concepts and applications across all fishery sectors, effort measures in the context of their intended use, the proposals from the t-RFMO workshop (2018), and new efforts measures arising from emerging technologies and which are feasible/practical to implement with available tools. TG-effort has reviewed and further developed fishing effort concepts for a fisher, fishing vessel and fishery-support vessel, fishing ground, fishing trip, fishing gear, searching (for fish), fishing operation and fishing mode, the overarching concept of métier and a fishing effort concept diagram (Fig. 1). TG-effort also reviewed the three main levels of precision/granularity used in reporting fishery statistics in the STATLANT system of questionnaires (categories A, B and C) and re-cast these at the levels of three effort concepts: fishing operation (A), métier (B) and fishing trip (C). TG-effort also reviewed and developed standard measures of fishing effort (Table 1): Measures A - number of fishing operations, number of gear sub-units deployed, number of gear.hours fished, number of gear.days fished, number of hours searching, Measures B - number of days on a fishing ground, and Measures C - number of fishing trips, number of days absent from base, number of days fished, number of fishers and number of fishing vessels. TG-effort also developed the proposal of the t-RFMO workshop (FAO, 2019b) to use combined measures for all gear categories in the International Standard Statistical Classification of Fishing Gear (ISSCFG) and all fishing modes (Table 2). TG-effort also considered the use of emerging technologies such as satellite-based Automatic Identification System (AIS), Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) and Synthetic Aperture Radar systems (SAR) in developing measures of fishing effort. TG-effort concluded that such technologies can provide opportunities inter alia to validate existing measures or provide improvedCWP-IS/2022/2 estimates of these measures, provide new technologies in addition to AIS and VMS such as VIIRS for use in monitoring fishing as well as illegal, unregulated and unreported fishing (IUU) activities, and support the development and application of new measures of effort which may be integrated with existing measures defined by CWP. New measures for use by CWP will need to be derived from readily available, low-cost data and TG-effort noted that the accessibility of emerging technologies is evolving rapidly and data which may have limited or restricted availability today may become readily available/public domain in the near future. | ||
| FAO027 | 2022 | Sub-Committee on Fish Trade Eighteenth Session. Written Correspondence Procedure: 8 April to 8 May 2022 Virtual Plenary sessions: 7, 8, 9 and 20 June 2022. Draft guidance document: Advancing end-to-end traceability along capture fisheries and aquaculture value chains | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/89b2008b-4167-4621-a3a0-720a9ab5b7b5/full | FAO | NA | ||
| FAO028 | 2022 | TECHNICAL GUIDELINES ON METHODOLOGIES AND INDICATORS FOR THE ESTIMATION OF THE MAGNITUDE AND IMPACT OF ILLEGAL, UNREPORTED AND UNREGULATED FISHING (IUU FISHING) | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/69666966-7d56-4824-b674-2f26aa2babc1/full | FAO | Quantification of the amount of IUU fishing may be important for invoking appropriately precautionary management, helping design effective monitoring, control and surveillance measures, and generating political will to combat the problem. Although there is a growing number of studies estimating IUU fishing, it can still be challenging for fisheries managers to identify pertinent examples that can serve as models for their own estimates. This document links to a number of previous technical guidance documents on planning and executing IUU estimation studies by providing a catalog of 26 estimation methodologies from published studies. These methodologies encompass a wide range of locations, fishing gear and IUU fishing types. The catalog is organized around two ways to identify relevant methodologies: based on the IUU estimation approach and based on the primary available data source. The five types of IUU fishing estimation approaches include: 1) estimating total catch minus reported catch; 2) total catch partitioned into IUU/not IUU; 3) sum individual IUU events to a total amount; 4) estimate “true” catches for vessels or fleets; and 5) determine relative amounts or trends in IUU. The four types of primary data sources include: 1) fishery models; 2) commercial sources; 3) operational data; and 4) expert judgement, comparisons to catch compilations and stakeholder surveys. The two search algorithms help to identify methods that are presented as concise, individual 1-2 page summaries. Each method is presented in terms of the key elements needed and how they can be sourced, the specific steps involved in constructing the estimate, and guidance on the applicability of the method. The goal of this document is to facilitate the selection of appropriate methods for those wishing to undertake estimates of IUU fishing, thereby promoting robust assessments of the effectiveness of fisheries monitoring, control and surveillance systems. | ||
| FAO029 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cb5398en | FAO | 2021 | Aquatic food systems under COVID-19 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/0bba73c5-5dff-4954-a002-358b335a43d4/full | FAO | This brief takes stock of how the crisis has played out in aquatic food systems, synthesizing evidence on the effects experienced to date, and highlighting responses that can help improve resilience to future shocks. |
| FAO030 | FAO | 2021 | Report of the Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction Deep-sea Fisheries under the Ecosystem Approach Project's Inception Workshop | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/e9bcd780-ba5b-422c-a380-634b33fb63ba/full | FAO | The inception workshop of the areas beyond national jurisdiction (ABNJ) Deep-Sea Fisheries under the Ecosystem Approach (DSF) Project was held virtually in two sessions using the video conferencing tool “Zoom” on 24 August 2020 and 26 August 2020. The workshop was attended by representatives and potential project partners, including seven Regional Fisheries Management Organizations (RFMOs), the GEF Secretariat and two industry organizations. The primary objective of the inception workshop was to update the project partners on the project’s scope, including objectives, components and outputs and to review the projects delivery structure, including the roles of the Implementing Agency and Executing Agency. The timeline for the development of the DSF Project was also discussed. The inception workshop participants took note and commented on the outputs and activities that are being developed by the project design team, recognizing that this is still work in progress which will require further discussions and inputs. The participants also took note of the respective roles of GEF implementing and executing agencies, but were unable to make suggestions as to suitable and acceptable executing agencies for the DSF Project. Participants took note of the DSF Project timeline, recognizing that it could be affected by the Covid-19 pandemic. | |
| FAO031 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cb7507en | FAO | 2021 | Beyond COVID-19 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/20f160cc-df35-4b40-92a3-5d59178ed5ea/full | FAO | Referring to surveys carried out in April and November 2020, a recent FAO publication published on the impact of COVID-19 on fisheries and aquaculture (FAO, 2020) confirms what everyone suspected: the COVID-19 pandemic has significantly affected the work of regional fishery bodies (RFBs). This second assessment offers noteworthy figures: in November, 50 percent of regional fisheries management organizations (RFMOs) reported that the negative impacts of the pandemic had been as expected; 41 percent found that negative impacts had been greater than expected; and 9 percent found that impacts had been lower than expected. On the other hand, surveys conducted with Regional Fisheries Advisory Bodies (RFABs) in the same month revealed that: 28 percent found that negative impacts had been as expected; 61 percent found that negative impacts had been greater than expected; and 11 percent found that impacts had been lower than expected. |
| FAO032 | 2021 | CWP Intersessional Meetings of Aquaculture and Fisheries Subject Groups – Joint Session - Terms of Reference of the CWP ad-hoc Task Group on “fishing effort concepts” (TG-effort) | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/4336d30c-e008-4fdd-b27e-f0762e8bd124/full | FAO | NA | ||
| FAO033 | 2021 | Artificial Intelligence for a Digital Blue Planet - FORUM AGENDA | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/f79edf29-701e-4453-b669-c2fa5f82f96b/full | FAO | NA | ||
| FAO034 | 2021 | CWP ad-hoc Task Group on “fishing effort concepts” (TG-effort) Progress report on the review and development of CWP fishing effort concepts and measures | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/68bd4aee-0a8c-4894-909f-18a815513fa2/full | FAO | CWP-26 established the ad-hoc task group on fishing effort concepts (TG-effort) to review, revise and where necessary further develop CWP fishing effort concepts and standard measures of effort (CWP-IS-2021-Inf.2). This progress report summarises the work of TG-effort to date. TG-effort reviewed CWP’s historical development of fishing effort concepts which was initiated in the 1960s when CWP developed a standardised reporting system for fishery statistics in the north Atlantic (STANA questionnaires). This system was further developed as the STATLANT questionnaires which nowadays are dispatched by FAO on behalf of the regional fishery organizations to relevant national authorities, and are subsequently compiled by FAO into global fishery statistics. While the initial focus of those developments was industrial fisheries, CWP’s work in capture fisheries statistics covers all fishery sectors (i.e. industrial, small-scale/artisanal , sport/recreational). TG-effort considered the following fishing effort concepts: fisher, fishing vessel, fishing ground, fishing trip, fishing gear, searching (for fish), fishing operation and fishing mode. Revised definitions are proposed and a fishing effort concepts diagram was developed for use in the CWP Handbook. TG-effort reviewed the use of nominal and effective fishing effort and their application in the STATLANT questionnaires. TG-effort also developed a comprehensive list of standard measures of fishing effort by ISSCFG fishing gear categories and fishing modes to facilitate the broader application of standard measures across all fishery sectors. TG-effort also considered the applicability and development of new fishing effort measures based on emerging technologies such as satellite-based Automatic Identification System, Synthetic ApertureRadar systems and Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite. That work is expected to continue up to CWP-27. CWP Members are kindly invited to provide feedback on the work of TG-effort including the development of fishing effort concepts, standard measures of effort and new measures for emerging technologies. | ||
| FAO035 | 2020 | Report on the findings of the questionnaire to inform the Western Central Atlantic Fishery Commission (WECAFC) Ad Hoc Intersessional Working Group for the Strategic reorientation of WECAFC | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/e31a18f5-a520-4111-b8ef-59ee07c1ce39/full | FAO | Report on the findings of the questionnaire to inform the Western Central Atlantic Fishery Commission (WECAFC) Ad Hoc Intersessional Working Group for the Strategic reorientation of WECAFC | ||
| FAO036 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cb1197en | FAO and ECLAC | 2020 | Food systems and COVID-19 in Latin America and the Caribbean | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/47626cf5-8e32-40ea-9ac9-c2ebd950620a/full | FAO | The crisis has heavily affected fisheries and aquaculture. The restrictive health measures have had adverse effects on the free operation of the sector. The sector needs short term action; it also needs to modify some aspects of the activity that have been dragging on for some time. Thus for example, technology and innovation can play an essential role. |
| FAO037 | https://doi.org/10.4060/ca9349en | FAO | 2020 | Summary of the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the fisheries and aquaculture sector - Addendum to the State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2020 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/66838534-6530-426c-a9aa-88414b47fb0b/full | FAO | The 2020 edition of The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture was completed as the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic spread around the world. Therefore, the publication makes reference to, but does not address the impacts of, the pandemic on the sector. This addendum is intended to capture these rapidly evolving impacts, and provide a baseline for interventions and policy advice. |
| FAO038 | https://doi.org/10.4060/ca9165en | FAO | 2020 | Proceedings of the International Symposium on Fisheries Sustainability: strengthening the science-policy nexus | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/3d5a8025-c722-4e97-b465-57856bc659d3/full | FAO | The International Symposium on Fisheries Sustainability: strengthening the science-policy nexus was held to support the development of a new vision for more sustainable and socially just fisheries, and more resilient to the challenges of the twenty-first century. The event managed to gather an incredibly diverse group of participants from different sectors and regions around the world. Moreover, a set of recommendations emerged from the sessions’ discussions, that will help improve the sustainability of capture fisheries and progress towards the different targets and objectives of the Sustainable Development Goals. |
| FAO039,GFW027 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/handle/20.500.14283/ca7012en | Taconet, M., Kroodsma, D. & Fernandes, J. | 2019 | Global atlas of AIS-based fishing activity | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/3a8abd8f-6862-4f5d-8775-2beb10815a64/full | FAO,GFW | With the advances in information technology, it is becoming possible to create a global database of fishing effort by gear type with an unprecedented spatial and temporal resolution. Such a database has the potential to assist with fisheries management and research around the globe. When initiating this publication, FAO intended to present this potential by reviewing AIS-based data in context of global and regional knowledge on fisheries, and to communicate the main findings as well as strengths and limitations of these data and current processing methodology. The aim of this document, hereafter referred to as the Atlas, is to enable stakeholders to understand the opportunity and challenges of mapping and analysing fishing activity with AIS data. For each FAO Area, based on AIS data, this Atlas presents the number and percentage of vessels broadcasting AIS, the spatial patterns of presence and intensity of fishing activity, and an analysis by gear type. For these data, the Atlas includes detailed methods, case studies, and comparisons with outside data. These comparisons, explanatory text, and caveats are presented with the goal of helping member countries understand how this new dataset can be applied. To ensure the accuracy of the conclusions, over 50 fishery experts from around the world reviewed and assessed the maps, charts, and supporting text produced by the authors and editorial team. |
| FAO040 | FAO | 2019 | Report of the Twenty-Sixth Session of the Coordinating Working Party on Fishery Statistics, Rome, 15-18 May 2019 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/b31bd116-982e-4402-b5f0-22e31b910386/full | FAO | This document contains the report of the twenty-sixth Session of the Coordinating Working party on Fisheries Statistics (CWP) and meetings of the Aquaculture Subject Group and Fishery Subject Group held in Rome, Italy, from 15-18 May 2019. The CWP provides a mechanism to coordinate the statistical programs conducted by intergovernmental organizations including regional fishery bodies with a remit for fishery statistics. Ten CWP Members, two observers’ regional fishery bodies and three invited international and national organizations participated in the meetings. | |
| FAO041 | FAO Regional Office for Africa | 2019 | Stories from Africa | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/061e0f32-c7ad-4796-b87b-8a41048d9b55/full | FAO | Without rapid progress in reducing and eliminating hunger and malnutrition by 2030, the full range of Sustainable Development Goals cannot be achieved. We can advance faster if we work together. In its quest to achieve a Zero Hunger world, the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) works in partnership with communities, governments, and organizations across Africa to address malnutrition, boost the productivity and resilience of small-scale farmers, share knowledge about innovative farming practices, and build sustainable food systems. FAO’s bold approach focuses on empowering women and employing youth, providing them with the skills and resources (land, capital, emerging technology) they need to grow their own businesses and engaging them in the decisions that affect their lives. This book celebrates some of the progress made in communities across Africa, showcasing real-life examples of the ways we can work together to achieve Zero Hunger. While there is no magic bullet, many workable and innovative solutions are already out there to help men and women overcome the challenges they face in trying to earn a living and feed their families. | |
| FAO042 | 2019 | Report of the Thirty-third Session of the Committee on Fisheries | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/bcd33eb1-9604-4094-aadf-037294c7a730/full | FAO | The Thirty-third Session of the Committee on Fisheries (COFI) was held in Rome, Italy, from 9 to 13 July 2018. This is a report of the Session reflecting the discussions which took place and containing all recommendations and decisions taken by the Committee. A synopsis of the outcome of the Session is presented in the abstract and all supplementary information is included in the appendixes. | ||
| FAO043 | FAO | 2019 | FAO Statistical Programme of Work 2018-19 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/0a01a098-121b-45ae-98ce-266e1ef62d3f/full | FAO | The FAO Corporate Statistical Programme of Work (SPW) provides an overview and a detailed description of the statistical activities carried out by all FAO divisions active in the field of statistics. It is intended for both internal and external use, as a quick guide to the substantial and complex FAO Statistical System. The SPW is an important tool for improving internal transparency and coordination, as well as the external visibility of the FAO Statistical System, and for achieving effective coordination and stimulating joint efforts among international organizations in many areas. This is the fifth version of the FAO Statistical Programme of Work and it covers the 2018–2019 biennium. | |
| FAO044 | FAO | 2019 | Internation Symposium on Fisheries Sustainability: Strengthening the Science-Policy Nexus | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/1a61933f-f2d7-4028-949a-fe24fb3453db/full | FAO | The objective of this Symposium is to identify pathways to strengthen the science and policy interplay in fisheries production, management and trade, based on solid sustainability principles for improved global outcomes on the ground. Ultimately, the debates and conclusions of the symposium will prepare the way for the development of a new vision for the way we perceive and use capture fisheries, outlining how the sector can respond to the complex and rapidly changing challenges facing society, and support the planning process of the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development (2021-2030). | |
| FAO045 | FAO | 2019 | FAO Partnerships - Access to new technologies (Google case study) | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/02d6f1a8-0af9-465a-91cb-45d242307002/full | FAO | The fact sheet reports on the joint activities that FAO has been carrying out with google to make geospatial surveillance and mapping tools more accessible, help countries tackle climate change with the latest technology, and build the capacity of experts working in the field of forestry policies and land use. | |
| FAO046 | 2020 | Summary report of the International Symposium on Fisheries sustainability | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/7a757ea9-113a-46bb-a132-b457fb1f7e53/full | FAO | The International Symposium on Fisheries Sustainability: strengthening the science-policy nexus took place at FAO Headquarters, Rome, Italy, from 18-21 of November 2019. It gathered around 1,000 participants from different sectors, from around 100 countries. The Symposium was held to address the need for a new vision for capture fisheries, outlining how the sector needs to transform in response to the complex and rapidly changing challenges facing society. It was structured in eight thematic sessions, in which a number of strategic questions were addressed. A total of 107 exceptionally diverse and gender balanced speakers and panelists from a wide range of regions and sectors, contributed to building this new vision through the discussions held in the different sessions. The Symposium included an Innovation Forum, as well as a number of different side events, promoting sustainable fisheries and marine-derived products from different perspectives. It was an occasion to showcase best-practices and innovative blue growth approaches. To improve the design of future events, increase participant engagement during the Symposium, and maximize outcomes, the attendees’ priorities for fisheries sustainability, as well as their experiences during the symposium were assessed through a mixed-methods study. The quantitative and qualitative data of this study contributed to identifying lessons learned and helped identify widely supported messages shaping a shared vision for sustainable fisheries. The outputs of the Symposium include a comprehensive booklet with background information, session description, contents and main challenges addressed by each session, prepared ahead of the meeting in coordination of the Advisory board members and the session leads; an article about the gender-mainstreaming work and discussions around women in fisheries from the Symposium in SPC Women in Fisheries bulletin; a dedicated section in the 2020 FAO State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture Report, with the main key messages of the sessions; a technical document, which acts as the proceedings for the meeting; a digital report; a working document highlighting main conclusions and messages of the Symposium for the consideration of the 34th FAO Committee on Fisheries (COFI), and this summary report as a COFI information paper. | ||
| FAO047 | 2020 | International Symposium on Fisheries Sustainability. List of Registered Attendees | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/c15c3638-2beb-4a86-83ed-9a692adf1708/full | FAO | NA | ||
| FAO048 | FAO | 2017 | FAO and the SDGs Indicators | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/d47704f4-ba36-40f5-93be-4f33545f01ab/full | FAO | On 25 September 2015, the 193 Member States of the United Nations adopted the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development – including 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and 169 targets – committing the international community to end poverty and hunger and achieve sustainable development between 2016 and 2030. Six months later, a global indicator framework for the SDGs – comprising 230 indicators - was identified to monitor the 169 targets and track progress, becoming the foundation of the SDGs’ accountability structure. The number of indicators - four times greater than for the MDGs - represents an immense challenge for countries. FAO - proposed ‘custodian’ UN agency for 21 SDG indicators and a contributing agency for six more – can assist countries in meeting the new monitoring challenges. This publication presents FAO’s work in developing and strengthening indicators that measure food, agriculture and the sustainable use of natural resources, shining a light on the 21 indicators of FAO custodianship. It describes how the organization can support countries track progress and make the connection between monitoring and policymaking to achieve the SDGs. | |
| FAO049 | CWP Secretariat | 2017 | CWP - Report of the Fifth Meeting of the Aquaculture Subject Group and the Twenty-sixth Meeting of the Fisheries Subject, Copenhagen, Denmark, 19-22 June 2017 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/a88ab683-edca-44ca-9b2c-db0e57583102/full | FAO | This document contains the report of the Fifth Meeting of the Aquaculture Subject Group and the Twenty-sixth meeting of the Fisheries Subject of CWP, held during the Intersessional Aquaculture and Fisheries Subject Group meeting of the Coordinating Working Party on Fishery Statistics (CWP-IS), which took place in Copenhagen, Denmark, from 19 to 22 June 2017. The work was organized between joint sessions to address issues of general interest, with the Subject Groups – Aquaculture (CWP-AS) and Fis heries (CWP-FS) –organized in concurrent sessions, to address matters related to the intersessional programme for each Subject Group. The meeting reviewed the progress made since the Twenty-fifth session of the CWP and agreed on actions for the second part of the intersessional period, prior to the upcoming Twenty-sixth session of the CWP to be held early in 2019. The main issues presented and discussed were the dissemination of the revised handbook on the CWP web page and the further enhancemen t of the socio-economic and GIS section of the handbook, the CWP ad hoc task group on “reference harmonization for capture fisheries and aquaculture statistics”, and the progress made by the Task Force in establishing the standard aquaculture questionnaire. | |
| FAO050 | 2018 | JM 2018.2/4 Progress in implementation of the strategies for partnerships with the private | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/2249046f-6e3f-4831-9a68-8abcc77620f0/full | FAO | NA | ||
| FAO051 | 2018 | Follow-up to the decisions and recommendations of the Thirty-second Session of the Committee on Fisheries, Rome, 11-15 July 2016 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/f2bb7042-3450-4a34-9c90-7ba571c2f7e6/full | FAO | At its Thirty-second Session in July 2016, COFI made a number of decisions and recommendations to the Secretariat and Members. This information paper summarizes actions taken, in collaboration with Members and relevant agencies, to address the principal decisions and recommendations directed to the Secretariat. In the attached table, the "Para" coheres with the paragraph number of the report of the Thirty-second Session of COFI (COFI/2018/Inf.6). | ||
| FAO052 | 2017 | Provisional Programme | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/f1e7b801-9b10-48e6-865d-ae8e1c78a2d1/full | NA | NA | ||
| GFW003,WOS079 | https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.add8125 | Seto, Katherine L.; Miller, Nathan A.; Kroodsma, David; Hanich, Quentin; Miyahara, Masanori; Saito, Rui; Boerder, Kristina; Tsuda, Masaki; Oozeki, Yoshioki; Urrutia, S. Osvaldo | 2023 | Fishing through the cracks: The unregulated nature of global squid fisheries | GFW,WOS | While most research has focused on the legality of global industrial fishing, unregulated fishing has largely escaped scrutiny. Here, we evaluate the unregulated nature of global squid fisheries using AIS data and night-time imagery of the globalized fleet of light-luring squid vessels. We find that this fishery is extensive, fishing 149,000 to 251,000 vessel days annually, and that effort increased 68% over the study period 2017-2020. Most vessels are highly mobile and fish in multiple regions, largely (86%) in unregulated areas. While scientists and policymakers express concerns over the declining abundance of squid stocks globally and regionally, we find a net increase in vessels fishing squid globally and spatial expansion of effort to novel areas. Since fishing effort is static in areas with increasing management, and rising in unmanaged areas, we suggest actors may take advan-tage of fragmented regulations to maximize resource extraction. Our findings highlight a profitable, but largely unregulated fishery, with strong potential for improved management. | |
| GFW004,WOS038 | https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abp8200 | Park, Jaeyoon; Van Osdel, Jennifer; Turner, Joanna; Farthing, Courtney M.; Miller, Nathan A.; Linder, Hannah L.; Crespo, Guillermo Ortuno; Carmine, Gabrielle; Kroodsma, David A. | 2023 | Tracking elusive and shifting identities of the global fishing fleet | GFW,WOS | Illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing costs billions of dollars per year and is enabled by vessels obfuscating their identity. Here, we combine identities of similar to 35,000 vessels with a decade of GPS data to provide a global assessment of fishing compliance, reflagging patterns, and fishing by foreign-owned vessels. About 17% of high seas fishing is by potentially unauthorized or internationally unregulated vessels, with hot spots of this activity in the west Indian and the southwest Atlantic Oceans. In addition, reflagging, a tactic often used to obscure oversight, occurs in just a few ports primarily by fleets with high foreign ownership. Fishing by foreign-owned vessels is concentrated in parts of high seas and certain national waters, often flying flags of convenience. These findings can address the global scope of potential IUU fishing and enable author-ities to improve oversight. | |
| GFW005,WOS034 | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-23688-7 | Kroodsma, David A.; Hochberg, Timothy; Davis, Pete B.; Paolo, Fernando S.; Joo, Rocio; Wong, Brian A. | 2022 | Revealing the global longline fleet with satellite radar | GFW,WOS | Because many vessels use the Automatic Identification System (AIS) to broadcast GPS positions, recent advances in satellite technology have enabled us to map global fishing activity. Understanding of human activity at sea, however, is limited because an unknown number of vessels do not broadcast AIS. Those vessels can be detected by satellite-based Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imagery, but this technology has not yet been deployed at scale to estimate the size of fleets in the open ocean. Here we combine SAR and AIS for large-scale open ocean monitoring, developing methods to match vessels with AIS to vessels detected with SAR and estimate the number of non-broadcasting vessels. We reveal that, between September 2019 and January 2020, non-broadcasting vessels accounted for about 35% of the longline activity north of Madagascar and 10% of activity near French Polynesia and Kiribati's Line Islands. We further demonstrate that this method could monitor half of the global longline activity with about 70 SAR images per week, allowing us to track human activity across the oceans. | |
| GFW006,WOS067 | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109796 | Carneiro, Ana P. B.; Clark, Bethany L.; Pearmain, Elizabeth J.; Clavelle, Tyler; Wood, Andrew G.; Phillips, Richard A. | 2022 | Fine-scale associations between wandering albatrosses and fisheries in the southwest Atlantic Ocean | GFW,WOS | Bycatch is a conservation concern for marine biodiversity, including seabirds. Analyses of spatio-temporal overlap are an important tool for identifying areas and periods where birds are most at risk, but until recently were only possible at coarse scales using aggregated data on fishing effort. Here, we integrated data from loggers that record GPS positions of birds at sea and scan the surroundings to detect vessel-radar transmissions, with the positions of fishing vessels obtained from the automatic identification system, to identify areas, gear types and flag states representing most bycatch risk for wandering albatrosses (Diomedea exulans) of different life-history stages and sexes. We recorded 157 foraging trips of adult breeders, and 34 tracks of sabbatical breeders, 29 immatures and 31 juveniles. Overall, 55 % of birds encountered and 43 % of birds visited fishing vessels (i.e. were within 30 km and 5 km, respectively). Fine-scale overlap was particularly high for breeders during incu-bation and post-guard chick-rearing when birds travelled to the Patagonian Shelf break. Only 23 % of all en-counters involved vessel visits. Our study found the greatest overlap was with set (demersal) longliners, particularly those from South Korea but also including the Falkland Islands, United Kingdom and Chile, and to lower extents, trawlers flagged to Argentina and Uruguay, and drifting (pelagic) longliners flagged to Brazil, Portugal and Taiwan. These fleets vary greatly in terms of bycatch rates. This study highlights the importance of covering the full range of life-history stages, and the advantages of vessel-detecting loggers and fine-scale ana-lyses for improving risk assessments. | |
| GFW010,WOS055 | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-28916-2 | Selig, Elizabeth R.; Nakayama, Shinnosuke; Wabnitz, Colette C. C.; Osterblom, Henrik; Spijkers, Jessica; Miller, Nathan A.; Bebbington, Jan; Sparks, Jessica L. Decker | 2022 | Revealing global risks of labor abuse and illegal, unreported, and unregulated fishing | GFW,WOS | Taking action to reduce risks of labor abuse and illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing in the fishing sector is hindered by a lack of spatially explicit data and an understanding of different drivers of risks. Here the authors combine expert assessments with satellite information to map and quantify risks of labor abuse and IUU fishing at port, at sea and associated with transshipment globally. Labor abuse on fishing vessels and illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing violate human rights, jeopardize food security, and deprive governments of revenues. We applied a multi-method approach, combining new empirical data with satellite information on fishing activities and vessel characteristics to map risks of labor abuse and IUU fishing, understand their relationships, and identify major drivers. Port risks were globally pervasive and often coupled, with 57% of assessed ports associated with labor abuse or IUU fishing. For trips ending in assessed ports, 82% were linked to labor abuse or IUU fishing risks. At-sea risk areas were primarily driven by fishing vessel flags linked to poor control of corruption by the flag state, high ownership by countries other than the flag state, and Chinese-flagged vessels. Transshipment risk areas were related to the gear type of fishing vessels engaged in potential transshipment and carrier vessel flags. Measures at port offer promise for mitigating risks, through the Port State Measures Agreement for IUU fishing, and ensuring sufficient vessel time at port to detect and respond to labor abuse. Our results highlight the need for coordinated action across actors to avoid risk displacement and make progress towards eliminating these socially, environmentally and economically unsustainable practices. | |
| GFW014,WOS010 | https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.13849 | Rachael A. Orben, Josh Adams, Michelle Hester, Scott A. Shaffer, Robert M. Suryan, Tomohiro Deguchi, Kiyoaki Ozaki, Fumio Sato, Lindsay C. Young, Corey Clatterbuck, Melinda G. Conners, David A. Kroodsma, Leigh G. Torres | 2021 | Across borders: External factors and prior behaviour influence North Pacific albatross associations with fishing vessels | GFW,WOS | Understanding encounters between marine predators and fisheries across national borders and outside national jurisdictions offers new perspectives on unwanted interactions to inform ocean management and predator conservation. Although seabird-fisheries overlap has been documented at many scales, remote identification of vessel encounters has lagged because vessel movement data often are lacking. Here, we reveal albatrosses-fisheries associations throughout the North Pacific Ocean. We identified commercial fishing operations using Global Fishing Watch data and algorithms to detect fishing vessels. We compiled GPS tracks of adult black-footed Phoebastria nigripes and Laysan Phoebastria immutabilis albatrosses, and juvenile short-tailed albatrosses Phoebastria albatrus. We quantified albatrosses-vessel encounters based on the assumed distance that birds perceive a vessel (<= 30 km), and associations when birds approached vessels (<= 3 km). For each event we quantified bird behaviour, environmental conditions and vessel characteristics and then applied Boosted Regression Tree models to identify drivers and the duration of these associations. In regions of greater fishing effort short-tailed and Laysan albatrosses associated with fishing vessels more frequently. However, fishing method (e.g. longline, trawl) and flag nation did not influence association prevalence nor the duration short-tailed albatrosses attended fishing vessels. Laysan albatrosses were more likely to approach longer vessels. Black-footed albatrosses were the most likely to approach vessels (61.9%), but limited vessel encounters (n = 21) prevented evaluation of meaningful explanatory models for this species of high bycatch concern. Temporal variables (time of day and month) and bird behavioural state helped explain when short-tailed albatrosses were in close proximity to a vessel, but environmental conditions were more important for explaining interaction duration. Laysan albatrosses were more likely to associate with vessels while searching and during the last 60% (by time) of their trips. Our results provide specific species-fisheries insight regarding contributing factors of high-risk associations that could lead to bycatch of albatrosses within national waters and on the high seas. Policy implications. Given the availability of Global Fishing Watch data, our analysis can be applied to other marine predators-if tracking data are available-to identify spatio-temporal patterns, vessel specific attributes and predator behaviours associated with fishing vessel associations, thus enabling predictive modelling and targeted mitigation measures. | |
| GFW015 | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03371-z | Enric Sala, Juan Mayorga, Darcy Bradley, Reniel B. Cabral, Trisha B. Atwood, Arnaud Auber, William Cheung, Christopher Costello, Francesco Ferretti, Alan M. Friedlander, Steven D. Gaines, Cristina Garilao, Whitney Goodell, Benjamin S. Halpern, Audra Hinson, Kristin Kaschner, Kathleen Kesner-Reyes, Fabien Leprieur, Jennifer McGowan, Lance E. Morgan, David Mouillot, Juliano Palacios-Abrantes, Hugh P. Possingham, Kristin D. Rechberger, Boris Worm & Jane Lubchenco | 2021 | Protecting the global ocean for biodiversity, food and climate | GFW | ||
| GFW016,WOS097 | https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2016238117 | Gavin G. McDonald, Christopher Costello, Jennifer Bone, Reniel B. Cabral, Valerie Farabee, Timothy Hochberg, David Kroodsma, Tracey Mangin, Kyle C. Meng, Oliver Zahn | 2020 | Satellites can reveal global extent of forced labor in the world’s fishing fleet | GFW,WOS | While forced labor in the world's fishing fleet has been widely documented, its extent remains unknown. No methods previously existed for remotely identifying individual fishing vessels potentially engaged in these abuses on a global scale. By combining expertise from human rights practitioners and satellite vessel monitoring data, we show that vessels reported to use forced labor behave in systematically different ways from other vessels. We exploit this insight by using machine learning to identify high-risk vessels from among 16,000 industrial longliner, squid jigger, and trawler fishing vessels. Our model reveals that between 14% and 26% of vessels were high-risk, and also reveals patterns of where these vessels fished and which ports they visited. Between 57,000 and 100,000 individuals worked on these vessels, many of whom may have been forced labor victims. This information provides unprecedented opportunities for novel interventions to combat this humanitarian tragedy. More broadly, this research demonstrates a proof of concept for using remote sensing to detect forced labor abuses. | |
| GFW017,WOS051 | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oneear.2020.11.017 | Gabrielle Carmine, Juan Mayorga, Nathan A. Miller, Jaeyoon Park, Patrick N. Halpin, Guillermo Ortuno Crespo, Henrik Osterblom, Enric Sala, Jennifer Jacquet | 2020 | Who is the high seas fishing industry? | GFW,WOS | ||
| GFW019,GS018,WOS085 | https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.13584 | White, Timothy D.; Ong, Tiffany; Ferretti, Francesco; Block, Barbara A.; McCauley, Douglas J.; Micheli, Fiorenza; De Leo, Giulio A. | 2020 | Tracking the response of industrial fishing fleets to large marine protected areas in the Pacific Ocean | GFW,GS,WOS | Large marine protected areas (MPAs) of unprecedented size have recently been established across the global oceans, yet their ability to meet conservation objectives is debated. Key areas of debate include uncertainty over nations' abilities to enforce fishing bans across vast, remote regions and the intensity of human impacts before and after MPA implementation. We used a recently developed vessel tracking data set (produced using Automatic Identification System detections) to quantify the response of industrial fishing fleets to 5 of the largest MPAs established in the Pacific Ocean since 2013. After their implementation, all 5 MPAs successfully kept industrial fishing effort exceptionally low. Detected fishing effort was already low in 4 of the 5 large MPAs prior to MPA implementation, particularly relative to nearby regions that did not receive formal protection. Our results suggest that these large MPAs may present major conservation opportunities in relatively intact ecosystems with low immediate impact to industrial fisheries, but the large MPAs we considered often did not significantly reduce fishing effort because baseline fishing was typically low. It is yet to be determined how large MPAs may shape global ocean conservation in the future if the footprint of human influence continues to expand. Continued improvement in understanding of how large MPAs interact with industrial fisheries is a crucial step toward defining their role in global ocean management. | |
| GFW020 | https://doi.org/10.1007/s11625-020-00865-z | Christopher Costello, Katherine Millage, Sabrina Eisenbarth, Elsa Galarza, Gakushi Ishimura, Laura Lea Rubino, Vienna Saccomanno, U. Rashid Sumaila & Kent Strauss | 2020 | Ambitious subsidy reform by the WTO presents opportunities for ocean health restoration | GFW | ||
| GFW022,WOS036 | https://doi.org/10.1038/s43016-020-0121-y | Tony Long, Sjarief Widjaja, Hassan Wirajuda, Stephanie Juwana | 2020 | Approaches to combatting illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing | GFW,WOS | Poor ocean governance enables illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing with negative impacts on seafood value chains, environment, society and global food security. A new Blue Paper outlines strategies - based on transparency and international cooperation - that could turn the tide on IUU fishing practices. | |
| GFW023 | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2020.103927 | Morgan E. Visalli, Benjamin D. Best, Reniel B. Cabral, William W.L. Cheung, Nichola A. Clark, Cristina Garilao, Kristin Kaschner, Kathleen Kesner-Reyes, Vicky W., Y. Lam, Sara M. Maxwell, Juan Mayorga, Holly V. Moeller, Lance Morgan, Guillermo Ortuno Crespo, Malin L. Pinsky, Timothy D. White, Douglas J. McCauley | 2020 | Data-driven approach for highlighting priority areas for protection in marine areas beyond national jurisdiction | GFW | ||
| GFW024 | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41893-019-0459-z | Villaseñor-Derbez J.C., Lynham J., Costello C | 2020 | Environmental market design for large-scale marine conservation | GFW | ||
| GFW025 | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-14588-3 | John Lynham, Anton Nikolaev, Jennifer Raynor, Thaís Vilela, Juan Carlos Villaseñor-Derbez | 2020 | Impact of two of the world's largest protected areas on longline fishery catch rates | GFW | ||
| GFW028,WOS092 | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41893-019-0389-9 | Gabriel Englander | 2019 | Property rights and the protection of global marine resources | GFW,WOS | Managing global marine resources by assigning property rights could align economic and conservation incentives, but only if unauthorized resource use is deterred. Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZs) are country-level property rights to marine resources, covering approximately 39% of the ocean's surface and accounting for more than 95% of global marine fish catch. However, EEZs might not be respected by unauthorized resource users because the cost of monitoring and enforcing such large areas may be prohibitive. Here we provide the first evidence that EEZs are in fact respected by unauthorized resource users. Using global, high-resolution fishing effort datasets and the ecologically arbitrary boundaries between EEZs and the high seas, we find that unauthorized foreign fishing is 81% lower just inside EEZs compared to just outside. Consistent with the high cost of enforcing EEZ boundaries, this deterrence effect is concentrated in EEZs that are most valuable near their boundaries. Our results suggest that property rights institutions can enable effective governance of global marine resource use. | |
| GFW032,WOS049 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11090995 | Hsu, Feng-Chi; Elvidge, Christopher D.; Baugh, Kimberly; Zhizhin, Mikhail; Ghosh, Tilottama; Kroodsma, David; Susanto, Adi; Budy, Wiryawan; Riyanto, Mochammad; Nurzeha, Ridwan; Sudarja, Yeppi | 2019 | Cross-Matching VIIRS Boat Detections with Vessel Monitoring System Tracks in Indonesia | GFW,WOS | A methodology had been proposed for cross-matching visible infrared imaging radiometer suite (VIIRS) boat detections (VBD) with vessel monitoring system (VMS) tracks. The process involves predicting the probable location of VMS vessels at the time of each VIIRS data collection with an orbital model. Thirty-two months of Indonesian VMS data was segmented into fishing and transit activity types and then cross-matched with the VBD record. If a VBD record is found within 700 m and 5 s of the predicted location, it is marked as a match. The cross-matching indicates that 96% of the matches occur while the vessel is fishing. Small pelagic purse seiners account for 27% of the matches. Other gear types with high match rates include hand line tuna, squid dip net, squid jigging, and large pelagic purse seiners. Low match rates were found for gillnet, trawlers, and long line tuna. There is an indication that VMS vessels using submersible lights can be identified based on consistently low average radiances and match rates under 45%. Overall, VBD numbers exceed VMS vessel numbers in Indonesia by a nine to one ratio, indicating that VIIRS detects large numbers of fishing boats under the 30 Gross Tonnage (GT) level set for the VMS requirement. The cross-matching could be used to identify dark vessels that lack automatic identification system (AIS) or VMS. | |
| GFW033,WOS082 | https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aau3761 | White, Timothy D.; Ferretti, Francesco; Kroodsma, David A.; Hazen, Elliott L.; Carlisle, Aaron B.; Scales, Kylie L.; Bograd, Steven J.; Block, Barbara A. | 2019 | Predicted hotspots of overlap between highly migratory fishes and industrial fishing fleets in the northeast Pacific | GFW,WOS | Many species of sharks and some tunas are threatened by overexploitation, yet the degree of overlap between industrial fisheries and pelagic fishes remains poorly understood. Using satellite tracks from 933 industrial fishing vessels and predictive habitat models from 876 electronic tags deployed on seven shark and tuna species, we developed fishing effort maps across the northeast Pacific Ocean and assessed overlap with core habitats of pelagic fishes. Up to 35% of species' core habitats overlapped with fishing effort. We identified overlap hotspots along the North American shelf, the equatorial Pacific, and the subtropical gyre. Results indicate where species require international conservation efforts and effective management within national waters. Only five national fleets (Mexico, Taiwan, China, Japan, and the United States) account for > 90% of overlap with core habitats of our focal sharks and tunas on the high seas. These results inform global negotiations to achieve sustainability on the high seas. | |
| GFW034 | https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aau0561 | Manuel Dureuil, Kristina Boerder, Kirsti A. Burnett, Rainer Froese, Boris Worm | 2018 | Elevated trawling inside protected areas undermines conservation outcomes in a global fishing hot spot | GFW | ||
| GFW035 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0201640 | Jessica H. Ford, David Peel, David Kroodsma, Britta Denise Hardesty, Uwe Rosebrock, Chris Wilcox | 2018 | Detecting suspicious activities at sea based on anomalies in Automatic Identification Systems transmissions | GFW | ||
| GFW036 | https://doi.org/10.1111/conl.12610 | Darcy Bradley, Juan Mayorga, Douglas J. McCauley, Reniel B. Cabral, Patric Douglas, Steven D. Gaines | 2018 | Leveraging satellite technology to create true shark sanctuaries | GFW | ||
| GFW037 | https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1802862115 | Grant R. McDermott, Kyle C. Meng, Gavin G. McDonald, Christopher J. Costello | 2018 | The blue paradox: Preemptive overfishing in marine reserves | GFW | ||
| GFW038,WOS054 | https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aat7789 | David A. Kroodsma, Juan Mayorga, Timothy Hochberg, Nathan A. Miller, Kristina Boerder, Francesco Ferretti, Alex Wilson, Bjorn Bergman, Timothy D. White, Barbara A. Block, Paul Woods, Brian Sullivan, Christopher Costello, Boris Worm | 2018 | Response to Comment on “Tracking the global footprint of fisheries” | GFW,WOS | Amoroso et al. demonstrate the power of our data by estimating the high-resolution trawling footprint on seafloor habitat. Yet we argue that a coarser grid is required to understand full ecosystem impacts. Vessel tracking data allow us to estimate the footprint of human activities across a variety of scales, and the proper scale depends on the specific impact being investigated. | |
| GFW039 | https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aat3681 | Guillermo Ortuño Crespo, Daniel C. Dunn, Gabriel Reygondeau, Kristina Boerder, Boris Worm, William Cheung, Derek P. Tittensor, Patrick N. Halpin | 2018 | The environmental niche of the global high seas pelagic longline fleet | GFW | ||
| GFW041 | https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aat7159 | Kristina Boerder, Nathan A. Miller, Boris Worm | 2018 | Global hot spots of transshipment of fish catch at sea | GFW | ||
| GFW042,WOS014 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2018.00240 | Miller, Nathan A.; Roan, Aaron; Hochberg, Timothy; Amos, John; Kroodsma, David A. | 2018 | Identifying Global Patterns of Transshipment Behavior | GFW,WOS | Transshipment at sea, the offloading of catch from a fishing vessel to a refrigerated vessel far from port, can obscure the actual source of the catch, complicating sustainable fisheries management, and may allow illegally caught fish to enter the legitimate seafood market. Transshipment activities often occur in regions of unclear jurisdiction where policymakers or enforcement agencies may be slow to act against a challenge they cannot see. To address this limitation, we processed 32 billion Automatic Identification System (AIS) messages from ocean-going vessels from 2012 to the end of 2017 and identified and tracked 694 cargo vessels capable of transshipping at sea and transporting fish (referred to as transshipment vessels). We mapped 46,570 instances where these vessels loitered at sea long enough to receive a transshipment and 10,233 instances where we see a fishing vessel near a loitering transshipment vessel long enough to engage in transshipment. We found transshipment behaviors associated with regions and flag states exhibiting limited oversight; roughly 47% of the events occur on the high seas and 42% involve vessels flying flags of convenience. Transshipment behavior in the high seas is relatively common, with vessels responsible for 40% of the fishing in the high seas having at least one encounter with a transshipment vessel in this time period. Our analysis reveals that addressing the sustainability and human rights challenges (slavery, trafficking, bonded labor) associated with transshipment at sea will require a global perspective and transnational cooperation. | |
| GFW043,WOS059 | https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aat2504 | Sala, Enric; Mayorga, Juan; Costello, Christopher; Kroodsma, David; Palomares, Maria L. D.; Pauly, Daniel; Rashid Sumaila, U.; Zeller, Dirk | 2018 | The economics of fishing the high seas | GFW,WOS | While the ecological impacts of fishing the waters beyond national jurisdiction (the "high seas") have been widely studied, the economic rationale is more difficult to ascertain because of scarce data on the costs and revenues of the fleets that fish there. Newly compiled satellite data and machine learning now allow us to track individual fishing vessels on the high seas in near real time. These technological advances help us quantify high-seas fishing effort, costs, and benefits, and assess whether, where, and when high-seas fishing makes economic sense. We characterize the global high-seas fishing fleet and report the economic benefits of fishing the high seas globally, nationally, and at the scale of individual fleets. Our results suggest that fishing at the current scale is enabled by large government subsidies, without which as much as 54% of the present high-seas fishing grounds would be unprofitable at current fishing rates. The patterns of fishing profitability vary widely between countries, types of fishing, and distance to port. Deep-sea bottom trawling often produces net economic benefits only thanks to subsidies, and much fishing by the world's largest fishing fleets would largely be unprofitable without subsidies and low labor costs. These results support recent calls for subsidy and fishery management reforms on the high seas. | |
| GFW044,GS014,WOS078 | https://doi.org/10.1111/faf.12285 | Dunn DC,Jablonicky C,Crespo GO,McCauley DJ,Kroodsma DA,Boerder K,Gjerde KM,Halpin PN | 2018 | Empowering high seas governance with satellite vessel tracking data | GFW,GS,WOS | Between 1950 and 1989, marine fisheries catch in the open-ocean and deep-sea beyond 200 nautical miles from shore increased by a factor of more than 10. While high seas catches have since plateaued, fishing effort continues to increase linearly. The combination of increasing effort and illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing has led to overfishing of target stocks and declines in biodiversity. To improve management, there have been numerous calls to increase monitoring, control and surveillance (MCS). However, MCS has been unevenly implemented, undermining efforts to sustainably use high seas and straddling stocks and protect associated species and ecosystems. The United Nations General Assembly is currently negotiating a new international treaty for the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity beyond national jurisdiction (BBNJ). The new treaty offers an excellent opportunity to address discrepancies in how MCS is applied across regional fisheries management organizations (RFMOs). This paper identifies ways that automatic identification system (AIS) data can inform MCS on the high seas and thereby enhance conservation and management of biodiversity beyond national jurisdictions. AIS data can be used to (i) identify gaps in governance to underpin the importance of a holistic scope for the new agreement; (ii) monitor area-based management tools; and (iii) increase the capacity of countries and RFMOs to manage via the technology transfer. Any new BBNJ treaty should emphasize MCS and the role of electronic monitoring including the use of AIS data, as well as government-industry-civil society partnerships to ensure critically important technology transfer and capacity building. | |
| GFW045 | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-018-0499-1 | Cabral R.B., Mayorga J., Clemence M. et al. | 2018 | Rapid and lasting gains from solving illegal fishing | GFW | ||
| GFW046,WOS037 | https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aao5646 | Kroodsma, David A.; Mayorga, Juan; Hochberg, Timothy; Miller, Nathan A.; Boerder, Kristina; Ferretti, Francesco; Wilson, Alex; Bergman, Bjorn; White, Timothy D.; Block, Barbara A.; Woods, Paul; Sullivan, Brian; Costello, Christopher; Worm, Boris | 2018 | Tracking the global footprint of fisheries | GFW,WOS | Amoroso et al. demonstrate the power of our data by estimating the high-resolution trawling footprint on seafloor habitat. Yet we argue that a coarser grid is required to understand full ecosystem impacts. Vessel tracking data allow us to estimate the footprint of human activities across a variety of scales, and the proper scale depends on the specific impact being investigated. | |
| GFW047 | https://globalfishingwatch.org/wp-content/uploads/GlobalViewOfTransshipment_Aug2017.pdf | Kroodsma D.A., Miller N.A., Roan A. | 2017 | The Global View of Transshipment: Revised Preliminary Findings. Global Fishing Watch, SkyTruth | GFW | ||
| GFW048 | https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000246839_eng | Kroodsma D.A., Sullivan B. | 2016 | Protecting Marine World Heritage from space | GFW | ||
| GFW049,WOS106 | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2017.01.009 | White, Timothy D.; Carlisle, Aaron B.; Kroodsma, David A.; Block, Barbara A.; Casagrandi, Renato; De Leo, Giulio A.; Gatto, Marino; Michell, Fiorenza; McCauley, Douglas J. | 2017 | Assessing the effectiveness of a large marine protected area for reef shark conservation | GFW,WOS | Large marine protected areas (MPAs) have recently been established throughout the world at an unprecedented pace, yet the value of these reserves for mobile species conservation remains unclear. Reef shark populations continue to decline even within some of the largest MPAs, fueling unresolved debates over the ability of protected areas to aid mobile species that transit beyond MPA boundaries. We assessed the capacity of a large MPA to conserve grey reef sharks - a Near Threatened species with a widespread distribution and poorly understood offshore movement patterns - using a combination of conventional tags, satellite tags, and an emerging vessel tracking technology. We found that the 54,000 km(2) U.S. Palmyra Atoll National Wildlife Refuge in the central Pacific Ocean provides substantial protection for grey reef sharks, as two-thirds of satellite-tracked sharks remained within MPA boundaries for the entire study duration. Additionally, our analysis of >0.5 million satellite detections of commercial fishing Vessels identified virtually no fishing effort within the refuge and significant effort beyond the MPA perimeter, suggesting that large MPAs can effectively benefit reef sharks and other mobile species if properly enforced. However, our results also highlight limitations of place-based conservation as some of these reef-associated sharks moved surprising distances into pelagic waters (up to 926 km from Palmyra Atoll, 810 km beyond MPA boundaries). Small-scale fishermen operating beyond MPA boundaries (up to 366 km from Palmyra) captured 2% of sharks that were initially tagged at Palmyra, indicating that large MPAs provide substantial, though incomplete, protection for reef sharks. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. | |
| GFW050,GS015 | https://nereusprogram.org/works/policy-brief-satellite-tracking-to-monitor-area-based-management-tools-identify-governance-gaps-in-fisheries-beyond-national-jurisdiction/ | Caroline Jablonicky, Doug McCauley, David Kroodsma, Kristina Boerder, Daniel Dunn | 2016 | Satellite tracking to monitor area-based management tools & identify governance gaps in fisheries beyond national jurisdiction | GFW,GS | ||
| GFW051,GS043 | http://dx.doi.org/10.5343/bms.2015.1034 | Robards MD,Silber GK,Adams JD,Arroyo J,Lorenzini D,Schwehr K,Amos J | 2016 | Conservation science and policy applications of the marine vessel Automatic Identification System (AIS)—a review | GFW,GS | ||
| GFW052 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0158248 | Erico N. de Souza, Kristina Boerder, Stan Matwin, Boris Worm | 2016 | Improving Fishing Pattern Detection from Satellite AIS Using Data Mining and Machine Learning | GFW | ||
| GFW053 | https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aad5686 | Douglas J. McCauley , Paul Woods, Brian Sullivan, Bjorn Bergman, Caroline Jablonicky, Aaron Roan, Michael Hirshfield, Kristina Boerder, Boris Worm | 2016 | Ending hide and seek at sea | GFW | ||
| GS001 | Nugent J | 2019 | Citizen Science: Collaborative Science Projects You Can Join: Global Fishing Watch | GS | |||
| GS002 | de Vos A,Emmert S,Watch GF | NA | Potential application of Automatic Identification System (AIS) data extracted from a public platform to monitor ship-strike of whales | GS | |||
| GS003 | Malarky L,Lowell B | 2018 | Avoiding detection: Global case studies of possible AIS avoidance | GS | |||
| GS004 | Kerry CR,Exeter OM,Witt MJ | 2022 | Monitoring global fishing activity in proximity to seamounts using automatic identification systems | GS | |||
| GS005 | Winnard S,Hochberg T,Miller N,Kroodsma D,Small C,Augustyn P | 2018 | A new method using AIS data to obtain independent compliance data to determine mitigation use at sea | GS | |||
| GS006 | Kalaiselvi VKG,Ranjani J,Sm VK,Others | 2022 | Illegal fishing detection using neural network | GS | |||
| GS007 | Watch GF | 2020 | Fisheries Intelligence Report | GS | |||
| GS008 | Hsu WW,Hong WS,Hu RH,Wang HH,Zhao JY | 2020 | A Framework to Learn Behaviours of Flag of Convenience Fishing Vessel Activities | GS | |||
| GS009 | Stevens H | 2023 | How disappearing ships could hold the clue to stopping illegal fishing | GS | |||
| GS010 | Block B,Ferretti F,White T,De Leo G,Hazen EL,Bograd SJ | 2016 | Assessing Anthropogenic Impacts on Tunas, Sharks and Billfishes with Direct Observations of Human Fishers on the High Seas | GS | |||
| GS011 | Gutierrez M,Daniels A,Jobbins G | 2018 | Fishing for data | GS | |||
| GS012 | Fishing AD | NA | Overview of the Project Goals and Methodology | GS | |||
| GS017 | Watson RA,Tidd A | 2018 | Mapping nearly a century and a half of global marine fishing: 1869--2015 | GS | |||
| GS021 | Woodill AJ,Kavanaugh M,Harte M,Watson JR | 2021 | Ocean seascapes predict distant-water fishing vessel incursions into exclusive economic zones | GS | |||
| GS023 | Watson R | 2019 | Global Fisheries Landings V4. 0 | GS | |||
| GS025,WOS045 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aqc.3685 | Thompson DR,Goetz KT,Sagar PM,Torres LG,Kroeger CE,Sztukowski LA,Orben RA,Hoskins AJ,Phillips RA | 2021 | The year-round distribution and habitat preferences of Campbell albatross (Thalassarche impavida) | GS,WOS | The use of miniaturized electronic tracking devices has illuminated our understanding of seabird distributions and habitat use, and how anthropogenic threats interact with seabirds in both space and time. To determine the year-round distribution of adult Campbell albatross (Thalassarche impavida), a single-island endemic, breeding only at Campbell Island in New Zealand's subantarctic, a total of 68 year-long location data sets were acquired from light-based geolocation data-logging tags deployed on breeding birds in 2009 and 2010. During the incubation and chick-guard phases of the breeding season, birds used cool (<10 degrees C) waters over the Campbell Plateau, but also ranged over deeper, shelf-break and oceanic waters (4,000-5,500 m) beyond the Plateau. Later in the breeding season, during post-guard chick-rearing, Campbell albatrosses exploited generally deep waters (4,000-5,000 m) beyond the Campbell Plateau. During the non-breeding period, adults tended to move northwards into warmer (approximately 15 degrees C) waters and occupied areas beyond western Australia in the west to offshore from Chile in the east. Overall, about 30% of adults spent some of their non-breeding period in the central and eastern Pacific Ocean, substantially expanding the previously reported range for this species. One bird, that failed in its breeding attempt in October 2009, departed Campbell Island and circumnavigated the southern oceans before being recaptured back at Campbell Island in October 2010. This is the first example of an annually-breeding albatross species completing a circumnavigation between breeding attempts. Overlap with fishing effort, using data from the Global Fishing Watch database, was assessed on a monthly and seasonal basis. Generally, levels of overlap between Campbell albatross and fishing effort were relatively low during the breeding season but were approximately 60% higher during the non-breeding period, underlining the need for international initiatives to safeguard this species. | |
| GS027,WOS012,GFW002 | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2023.110026 | Kroodsma D,Turner J,Luck C,Hochberg T,Miller N,Augustyn P,Prince S | 2023 | Global prevalence of setting longlines at dawn highlights bycatch risk for threatened albatross | GFW,GS,WOS | Longline fishing kills over 160,000 seabirds annually, with bycatch in these fisheries contributing significantly to the widespread, global decline in albatross populations. One of the most effective ways to reduce this bycatch is for pelagic longliners to set their hooks entirely at night, when albatross are least active, and setting at night is recommended in some areas of the ocean by Regional Fisheries Management Organizations. To develop a global dataset of where and when longliners actually set their hooks, we apply machine learning to four years of GPS data of the global longline fleet (similar to 5000 vessels). Our data reveal the vast footprint of longline fishing: over 40 % of the ocean is, at least one time during a year, within 30 km of a set, the distance within which an albatross can detect a vessel. On a given day, about 1.5 % of the ocean is within this distance of a set. Almost all of these sets were during daylight hours, with only 3 % of sets occurring entirely at night. In regions with threatened albatross species, night setting is more common (4-9 %), but it is much lower than suggested by on-board observer programs, highlighting the limitations of current monitoring. Furthermore, in albatross habitat, vessels more often set their lines during dawn hours when these birds are most active and bycatch risk is highest. | |
| GS028 | Watson R | NA | Global Fisheries Landings V3. 0 [ARCHIVED VERSION] | GS | |||
| GS029 | Frankish CK,Phillips RA,Clay TA,Somveille M,Manica A | 2020 | Environmental drivers of movement in a threatened seabird: insights from a mechanistic model and implications for conservation | GS | |||
| GS030 | Xing Q,Yu H,Wang H,Ito SI,Chai F | 2023 | Mesoscale eddies modulate the dynamics of human fishing activities in the global midlatitude ocean | GS | |||
| GS032 | Vasudevan R,Chola C | 2024 | AI Based Approach for Transshipment Detection in the Maritime Domain | GS | |||
| GS033 | Welch H,Clavelle T,White TD,Cimino MA,Van Osdel J,Hochberg T,Kroodsma D,Hazen EL | 2022 | Hotspots of Unseen Fishing Vessels Illuminate Areas of Concern for Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing | GS | |||
| GS034 | Guggisberg S | 2019 | The roles of nongovernmental actors in improving compliance with fisheries regulations | GS | |||
| GS036,WOS011 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps14565 | Arnoldi NS,Carlisle AB,Andrzejaczek S,Castleton MR,Micheli F,Schallert RJ,White TD,Block BA | 2024 | Salmon shark seasonal site fidelity demonstrates the influence of scale on identifying potential high-use areas and vulnerabilities | GS,WOS | Considering habitat use throughout the whole range of a highly mobile marine species is necessary to understand life history, identify vulnerabilities, and inform effective management. We used satellite tagging data from 128 adult female salmon sharks Lamna ditropis to identify seasonal hotspots of activity in an extended California Current region (ECCR; encompassing the California Current Large Marine Ecosystem), an area far away from their well-described primary habitat in the Alaska Downwelling Region where they have been documented, but whose utility has been poorly understood. Tag track durations had a mean of 447.7 +/- 381 d, and 88 sharks (68.8%) visited the ECCR, comprising 33.6% of 28019 total daily Argos detections. Tracking data revealed that the timing and duration of migrations to the ECCR varied, but salmon shark distribution within the ECCR displayed consistent latitudinal shifts in accordance with regional oceanographic seasons. High site fidelity across multi-year tracks to high-productivity features, such as sea banks, and previously published knowledge of salmon shark life history suggest that the ECCR provides important foraging habitat which may be linked to reproductive success. The data reveal high overlap of salmon shark distribution with cumulative fishing effort collected by Global Fishing Watch for 2012-2019, particularly around seasonal hotspots, suggesting that female salmon sharks might be at risk of fisheries encounters. Collectively, our findings emphasize the importance of the ECCR in salmon shark life history and demonstrate the influence of spatial and temporal scale on interpretation of large movement data sets and identification of critical habitat outside of well-studied regions. | |
| GS037,WOS007 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2023.105908 | Morse, Molly; Mccauley, Douglas; Orofino, Sara; Stears, Keenan; Mladjov, Samantha; Caselle, Jenn; Clavelle, Tyler; Freedman, Ryan | 2024 | Preferential selection of marine protected areas by the recreational scuba diving industry | GS,WOS | Extensive research has illuminated the diverse values of marine protected areas (MPAs), including protecting biodiversity, promoting climate change resilience, and enhancing spillover to fisheries. Comparatively less attention has been given to if and how MPAs can benefit and influence marine ecotourism. Here we use Automatic Identification System (AIS) vessel data to create a long-term, high-resolution portrait of how MPAs shape the behavior of one prominent form of marine ecotourism: scuba diving. Specifically, we explore how the spatial use patterns of scuba diving vessels are affected by MPAs in California's Northern Channel Islands when these vessels are engaged in two use scenarios: 1) non-extractive ecotourism diving (e.g., wildlife viewing, photography) and 2) recreational scuba-based lobster fishing. Using analyses of AIS data and resource selection models, coupled with insights from vessel operator surveys, we find that scuba diving vessels preferentially selected for MPAs when engaged in ecotourism activities, and for MPA buffer zones when engaged in lobster fishing (i.e., "fishing the line"). These conclusions provide strong evidence of the benefit of MPAs for the scuba diving industry in Southern California and highlight the value of engaging the ecotourism industry in MPA management decisions. This observation is especially timely as state, national, and international bodies advance on commitments to protect 30% of coastal waters in the coming years. | |
| GS038,WOS026 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2023.116588 | Zhao, Zhongning; Chen, Jiaxuan; Shi, Yuqi; Hong, Feng; Jiang, Guiyuan; Huang, Haiguang; Zhao, Jinhua | 2024 | HiTrip: Historical trajectory interpolation for trawlers via deep learning on multi-source data | GS,WOS | The Vessel Monitoring System (VMS) on trawlers has revolutionized our understanding of spatiotemporal fishing activities. However, the low temporal resolution of historical VMS datasets complicates a precise analysis of fishing effort distribution. One inherent challenge for precise interpolation is the stark contrast between trawler movement patterns during steaming, characterized by straight lines, and fishing, which often involves consecutive turns. In this study, we introduce HiTrip, a deep learning approach that interpolates historical VMS data from two-hour intervals down to three minutes by harnessing both VMS and marine hydrological datasets. The proposed deep learning model, integrating ResNet, LSTM, and MLP, seamlessly synthesizes spatial features from coarse fishing effort distributions, sea surface factor fields, and current fields, while accounting for the temporal relationships within trajectory segments. Evaluated on 1855 East China Sea trawler VMS records and Copernicus Climate Data Store hydrological factor data, HiTrip achieves a 0.20 km interpolation error, meeting a finery 0.005 degrees x 0.005 degrees spatial resolution demand for fishing effort distribution analysis. Ablation study validates the efficacy of our deep learning model integrating multi-source datasets. Moreover, when evaluated on a diverse Global Fishing Watch dataset, which includes 45 trawlers spanning various global maritime regions, HiTrip maintains a 0.40 km error, emphasizing its broad generalization ability. | |
| GS039 | Betsill JD | 2017 | Small Vessel Smuggling of Nuclear and Radiological Material: Innovative Monitoring Approaches for Emerging Maritime Security Threat in the Indian Ocean Region | GS | |||
| GS040,WOS068 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/csp2.12919 | Iacarella, Josephine C.; Burke, Lily; Clyde, Georgia; Wicks, Adam; Clavelle, Tyler; Dunham, Anya; Rubidge, Emily; Woods, Paul | 2023 | Monitoring temporal and spatial trends of illegal and legal fishing in marine conservation areas across Canada's three oceans | GS,WOS | Expansion of marine conservation areas (CA) necessitates resource-efficient and achievable strategies for monitoring and evaluation of ongoing fishing activity at national levels. To demonstrate and explore such a strategy, we conducted the first extensive analysis of fishing activity within Canada's static, geographically defined marine CAs with fishing regulations (n = 264 areas). We used 8 years of Automatic Identification System data to estimate fishing effort across three oceans and conducted temporal and spatial comparisons specific to each CA's regulations and enactment date. We addressed questions on CA effectiveness, fishing displacement, fishing the line behavior, and relationships between fishing activity and spatial CA attributes. We estimated 22,000 h of fishing activity within CAs after enactments, 22% of which was identified as illegal. CA effectiveness appeared to be lowest for Atlantic CAs based on illegal fishing effort density within CAs. Fishing displacement and fishing the line was generally not apparent as buffer areas around CAs tended to already have higher fishing effort prior to enactments. CA effectiveness and responses to CAs varied considerably, as was visualized using timeseries plots and maps developed for each CA. Our evaluation of a nation's full suite of CAs provides managers with a foundation and approach for continued monitoring and reporting. | |
| GS041 | Kuczenski B,Vargas Poulsen C,Gilman EL,Musyl M,Geyer R,Wilson J | 2022 | Plastic gear loss estimates from remote observation of industrial fishing activity | GS | |||
| GS042 | Song AM,Scholtens J,Barclay K,Bush SR,Fabinyi M,Adhuri DS,Haughton M | 2020 | Collateral damage? Small-scale fisheries in the global fight against IUU fishing | GS | |||
| GS044 | Willis-Norton E,Mangin T,Schroeder DM,Cabral RB,Gaines SD | 2024 | A synthesis of socioeconomic and sociocultural indicators for assessing the impacts of offshore renewable energy on fishery participants and fishing communities | GS | |||
| GS045 | Müller OJ,Peters K | 2024 | Positioning possibilities for human geographies of the sea: Automatic Identification Systems and its role in spatialising understandings of shipping | GS | |||
| GS046 | Nomura KJ,Woodill AJ,Sweeney J,Harte M,Jameal FS,Watson JR | 2024 | Emergent geopolitical risks from fishing activities and past conflicts in the Pacific Ocean | GS | |||
| GS047 | Guida R,Rodger M,Bissonauth V,Soreefan Z,Hurnath P,Matthews M,Elseoud A | 2023 | Nereus: A Space-Based Maritime Surveillance System for Fisheries Monitoring and Anomaly Detection | GS | |||
| GS048 | Harden-Davies H | 2021 | Marine Technology Transfer | GS | |||
| GS049 | Yap XS | NA | Opportunities and Challenges of Space-based Infrastructures for Arctic governance: Assessment from an innovation system perspective | GS | |||
| GS051 | Hespanha JP,Garagić D | 2020 | Optimal Sensor Selection for Binary Detection based on Stochastic Submodular Optimization | GS | |||
| GS052,WOS098 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/acv.12961 | Rutter, J. D.; Borrelle, S. B.; Bose, S.; Carneiro, A. P. B.; Clark, B. L.; Debski, I.; Elliott, G.; Fischer, J. H.; Walker, K.; Pittman, S. J. | 2024 | A probabilistic time geographic approach to quantifying seabird-vessel interactions | GS,WOS | Accounting for uncertainty is essential for precautionary approaches to managing seabird bycatch in commercial fisheries. However, there is no existing mechanism to explicitly quantify the uncertainty of seabird-vessel interactions (i.e. co-occurrence in space and time). Here we develop a time geographic method to measure the probability of individual birds encountering (co-occurring within 30 km) and attending (within 5 km) individual fishing vessels. The approach involves creating voxel-based probabilistic space-time prisms (PSTPs) to model the movements of individual birds and vessels, with trajectory data from bird-borne GPS devices and vessel Automatic Identification Systems (AIS). We intersected these PSTPs to quantify the probability of interaction between bird-vessel pairs over time and space. We demonstrate the approach with a case study of interactions of Endangered Toroa (Antipodean Albatross; Diomedea antipodensis antipodensis) with pelagic longline vessels in part of the South Pacific high seas. We found 15 vessels within 150 km and 3 h of two birds, yet interaction occurred with only two of those vessels. We visualised the probability of encounter and attendance over time and space and determined that interactions lasted several hours each (up to 6.2-14.1 h attendance, 20.8-26.1 h encounter for one bird-vessel pair). Our time geographic approach adds to existing tools to quantify seabird bycatch risk by providing an explicit measure of uncertainty of seabird-vessel interactions. We provide a flexible methodological pathway and R scripts, the application of which would allow managers to estimate interaction probability for multiple marine species and fisheries, including those with lower-resolution positional datasets. M & amacr;tua te whakaaro ki te matawaenga ng & amacr; arunga whakat & umacr;pato ki te whakahaere i te hao pokereh & umacr; o te manu & amacr;-tai i te ahu-h & imacr; ika. Heoi an & omacr;, k & amacr;ore tonu he ara i t & emacr;nei w & amacr; e taea p & umacr; nei te ine i te matawaenga o ng & amacr; p & amacr;hekoheko i waenga i te manu & amacr;-tai me te kaipuke (ko te t & umacr;taki tahi i taua w & amacr;hi, i taua w & amacr; tonu t & emacr;r & amacr;). Ka whakawhanakehia he tikanga e aro ana ki te w & amacr; me te w & amacr;hi kia ine ai te p & amacr;pono o ng & amacr; manu & amacr;-tai takitahi e t & umacr;pono atu ai (ka tae kia 30 manomita te tata) e rokohanga atu (kia 5 manomita te tata) ki t & emacr;tahi kaipuke h & imacr; ika. Kei te aronga nei he poro p & amacr;pono w & amacr;-w & amacr;hi t & umacr;& amacr;papa tongiiti ahutoru (PTSPs) kia whakatakune ng & amacr; nekehanga o ng & amacr; manu takitahi me ng & amacr; kaipuke, me te raraunga ara whiu mai i ng & amacr; p & umacr;rere GPS e kawea ana e ng & amacr; manu me ng & amacr; P & umacr;naha Tautohu Aunoa (AIS) o ng & amacr; kaipuke. I whakap & umacr;tahihia e m & amacr;tou & emacr;nei PTSPs ki te ine i te p & amacr;pono o te p & amacr;hekoheko i waenga i ng & amacr; manu me ng & amacr; kaipuke i te hipanga o te w & amacr;, i te t & umacr; w & amacr;hi an & omacr; hoki. Ka whakaatuhia e m & amacr;tou te aronga ki t & emacr;tahi rangahau whakap & umacr;aho o ng & amacr; p & amacr;hekoheko o te Toroa Tata Koreh & amacr;h & amacr; (Antipodean Albatross; Diomedea antipodensis antipodensis) ki ng & amacr; kaipuke ahoroa whakat & amacr;rewa ki t & emacr;teahi w & amacr;hi ki te tonga o Te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa. I kitea kia 15 kaipuke e 150 manomita, me te 3 h & amacr;ora te tata ki t & emacr;tahi takirua manu, engari e rua anake ng & amacr; kaipuke i p & amacr;hekoheko atu ki aua manu. I & amacr;ta p & omacr;hewatia te p & amacr;pono o te t & umacr;takinga, te w & amacr; me te w & amacr;hi hoki i reira ng & amacr; manu, & amacr;, i whakatauria te hia nei ng & amacr; h & amacr;ora i p & amacr;heko ai aua manu ki aua kaipuke i ia w & amacr; i t & umacr;taki ai r & amacr;tou (tae atu ki te 6.2-14.1 ng & amacr; h & amacr;ora i reira ng & amacr; manu, 20.8-26.1 ng & amacr; h & amacr;ora o te t & umacr;takinga ki t & emacr;tahi o ng & amacr; manu me t & emacr;tahi o ng & amacr; kaipuke). He mea t & amacr;piri t & amacr; m & amacr;tou aronga w & amacr;-w & amacr;hi ki ng & amacr; huinga taputapu k & emacr; o te ine i te t & umacr;raru hao p & omacr;kereh & umacr; o te manu & amacr;-tai i te mea, ka whakatakotohia he inenga mataaho o te matawaenga o ng & amacr; p & amacr;hekoheko o ng & amacr; manu & amacr;-tai me ng & amacr; kaipuke. Ka whakaratohia e m & amacr;tou he ara tikanga p & imacr;ngore me he tuhinga R, m & amacr; te whakamahinga o t & emacr;nei tikanga e & amacr;hei ai ng & amacr; kaiwhakahaere te whakatau tata i te p & amacr;pono ki ng & amacr; momo koiora & amacr;-tai, ki ng & amacr; momo ahu-h & imacr; ika e hia nei hoki, tae noa atu ki & emacr;r & amacr; o aua momo he huinga raraunga t & umacr; ariiti-paku k & emacr; & omacr; r & amacr;tou. We develop a time geographic method to measure the probability of individual seabirds interacting with individual fishing vessels, even when GPS data are low in resolution. We demonstrate the approach with a case study of an Endangered albatross in the South Pacific high seas, but the same method could be used to quantify interaction probability of multiple marine species and fisheries. Photo credit: Charlie Barnett. image | |
| GS053 | Jing Y,Liu Y | 2024 | Spatiotemporally explicit risk assessment of fishing grounds in Asian waters | GS | |||
| GS054,WOS087 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/env.2876 | Panunzi, Greta; Moro, Stefano; Marques, Isa; Martino, Sara; Colloca, Francesco; Ferretti, Francesco; Lasinio, Giovanna Jona | 2024 | Estimating the spatial distribution of the white shark in the Mediterranean Sea via an integrated species distribution model accounting for physical barriers | GS,WOS | Conserving oceanic apex predators, such as sharks, is of utmost importance. However, scant abundance and distribution data often challenge understanding the population status of many threatened species. Occurrence records are often scarce and opportunistic, and fieldwork aimed to retrieve additional data is expensive and prone to failure. Integrating various data sources becomes crucial to developing species distribution models for informed sampling and conservation purposes. The white shark, for example, is a rare but persistent inhabitant of the Mediterranean Sea. Here, it is considered Critically Endangered by the IUCN, while population abundance, distribution patterns, and habitat use are still poorly known. This study uses available occurrence records from 1985 to 2021 from diverse sources to construct a spatial log-Gaussian Cox process, with data-source specific detection functions and thinning, and accounting for physical barriers. This model estimates white shark presence intensity alongside uncertainty through a Bayesian approach with Integrated Nested Laplace Approximation (INLA) and the inlabru R package. For the first time, we projected species occurrence hot spots and landscapes of relative abundance (continuous measure of animal density in space) throughout the Mediterranean Sea. This approach can be used with other rare species for which presence-only data from different sources are available. | |
| GS055 | Fromant A,Collet J,Vansteenberghe C,Musseau R,Filippi D,Delord K,Barbraud C | 2024 | Fine-scale behaviour and population estimates suggest low exposure but do not exclude high sensitivity to bycatch for Endangered sooty albatrosses | GS | |||
| GS056 | Spedicato MT,Cannas R,Mahe K,Morales B,Tsigenopoulos C,Zane L,Kavadas S,Maina I,Scarcella G,Sartor P,Others | 2021 | Study on advancing fisheries assessment and management advice in the Mediterranean by aligning biological and management units of priority species. MED_UNITs | GS | |||
| GS057 | Patel SH | NA | KAREN L. JONES | GS | |||
| GS058 | Vince J,Hardesty BD,Wilcox C | 2021 | Progress and challenges in eliminating illegal fishing | GS | |||
| GS059 | Rodríguez JP,Klemm K,Duarte CM,Eguíluz VM | 2024 | Shipping traffic through the Arctic Ocean: spatial distribution, temporal evolution and its dependence on the sea ice extent | GS | |||
| GS060,WOS013 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps13586 | Fischer, Johannes H.; Debski, Igor; Spitz, Derek B.; Taylor, Graeme A.; Wittmer, Heiko U. | 2021 | Year-round offshore distribution, behaviour, and overlap with commercial fisheries of a Critically Endangered small petrel | GS,WOS | Without insights into the threats affecting species across their distributions and throughout their annual cycles, effective conservation management cannot be applied. The Whenua Hou diving petrel Pelecanoides whenuahouensis (WHDP) is a Critically Endangered small seabird whose offshore habits and threats are poorly understood. We tracked WHDPs year-round in 2015/16, 2017/18, and 2018/19 using global location-sensing immersion loggers to identify offshore distribution, movements, behaviour, and overlap with commercial fishing effort. During the breeding period, WHDPs ranged from southern Aotearoa (New Zealand) to Maukahuka (Auckland Islands). After breeding, WHDPs migrated southwest towards the Polar Front south of Australia, exhibited clockwise movements, and returned to their breeding grounds via the Subantarctic Front. During the non-breeding period, WHDPs exhibited extreme aquatic behaviour and spent > 95% of their time on, or under, water. The core areas used consistently during breeding and non-breeding periods warrant listing as Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas. Spatiotemporal overlap of commercial fishing effort with breeding distributions was considerable, in contrast with non-breeding distributions. Spatiotemporal management of anthropogenic activity around the breeding colony during the breeding period could help protect WHDPs, but measures should be subjected to a structured decision-making framework. Our results illustrate the importance of year-round studies to inform conservation of marine species. | |
| GS061 | Bernabé P,Gotlieb A,Legeard B,Marijan D,Sem-Jacobsen FO,Spieker H | 2023 | Detecting Intentional AIS Shutdown in Open Sea Maritime Surveillance Using Self-Supervised Deep Learning | GS | |||
| GS062 | Yang S,Wang L,Fei Y,Zhang S,Yu L,Zhang H,Wang F,Wu Y,Wu Z,Wang W,Others | 2024 | Spatio-temporal variability of fishing habitat suitability to tuna purse seine fleet in the Western and Central Pacific Ocean | GS | |||
| GS063 | Zec M,Mihalić I,Engelen D | 2023 | REPORT ABOUT SEABIRD AND FISHERIES INTERACTION: EXPLORATIVE BYCATCH RISK ANALYSES | GS | |||
| GS064 | Rance L | NA | Bottom trawling in UK’s marine reserves, legally, is apparently a thing | GS | |||
| GS065 | Watson JR,Woodill AJ | 2022 | Detecting illegal maritime activities from anomalous multiscale fleet behaviours | GS | |||
| GS066 | Recio-Blanco X,Amos J,Carney W,Goldberg M | 2019 | Technology and the seas: enforcement in marine protected areas | GS | |||
| GS067 | Hespanha JP,Garagić D | 2019 | Sensor-reveal games | GS | |||
| GS068 | Li H,Jia P,Wang X,Yang Z,Wang J,Kuang H | 2023 | Ship carbon dioxide emission estimation in coastal domestic emission control areas using high spatial-temporal resolution data: A China case | GS | |||
| GS069 | Rodger M,Guida R | 2023 | Revealing Dark Vessels in the Mauritius Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) Using Multi-Temporal SAR and AIS Data | GS | |||
| GS070 | McCarthy N,CaJacob D,Kawamoto D | 2017 | Eating Your Own Big-Data Dogfood: Exquisite Collection with Non-Exquisite Hardware | GS | |||
| GS071,GS089 | Widjaja S,Long T,Wirajuda H,Van As H,Bergh PE,Brett A,Copeland D,Fernandez M,Gusman A,Juwana S,Others | 2023 | Illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and associated drivers | GS | |||
| GS072 | Filippi DP,Elliott G | 2022 | Use of Innovative Tag Technology to Examine Foraging Patterns of Seabirds and Association with Fishing Vessels | GS | |||
| GS073 | Rowlanda Z | 2022 | Analysis of the impact of volcanic eruptions on fishery resources using Earth Observation data Zachary Rowlanda*, Minh-Trang Nguyen Thib, Georgia Christodoulouc, Eva Fernández-Rodríguezd*, Chukwuma J | GS | |||
| GS074 | Díaz H,Soares CG | 2020 | An integrated GIS approach for site selection of floating offshore wind farms in the Atlantic continental European coastline | GS | |||
| GS075 | Mazurek R,Burroughs L | NA | WHO’S IN YOUR BACKYARD? | GS | |||
| GS076 | Dudev E,Meijer M | NA | Detecting suspicious ship outages in the AIS protocol | GS | |||
| GS077 | Delord K,Poupart T,Gasco N,Weimerskirch H,Barbraud C | 2022 | First evidence of migration across the South Pacific in endangered Amsterdam albatross and conservation implications | GS | |||
| GS078 | Kapsar K,Sullender B,Liu J,Poe A | 2022 | North Pacific and Arctic marine traffic dataset (2015--2020) | GS | |||
| GS079 | Acuña Barros JA | 2018 | Feasibility study on the expansion to phases 2 and 3 of the global record of fishing vessels, refrigerated transport vessels and supply vessels | GS | |||
| GS080 | Bunwaree P | 2023 | The illegality of fishing vessels ‘going dark’and methods of deterrence | GS | |||
| GS081 | Gimeno M,Giménez J,Chiaradia A,Davis LS,Seddon PJ,Ropert-Coudert Y,Reisinger RR,Coll M,Ramírez F | 2024 | Climate and human stressors on global penguin hotspots: Current assessments for future conservation | GS | |||
| GS082 | Oloruntobi O,Chuah LF,Mokhtar K,Gohari A,Rady A,Abo-Eleneen RE,Akhtar MS,Mubashir M | 2024 | Decarbonising ASEAN coastal shipping: Addressing climate change and coastal ecosystem issues through sustainable carbon neutrality strategies | GS | |||
| GS083 | Walton GW,Keen M,Hanich Q | 2022 | Can greater transparency improve the sustainability of Pacific fisheries? | GS | |||
| GS084,WOS102 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps13439 | Bonnet-Lebrun AS,Catry P,Clark TJ,Campioni L,Kuepfer A,Tierny M,Kilbride E,Wakefield ED | 2020 | Habitat preferences, foraging behaviour and bycatch risk among breeding sooty shearwaters Ardenna grisea in the Southwest Atlantic | GS,WOS | Pelagic seabirds are important components of many marine ecosystems. The most abundant species are medium/small sized petrels (< 1100 g), yet the sub-mesoscale (< 10 km) distribution, habitat use and foraging behaviour of this group are not well understood. Sooty shearwaters Ardenna grisea are among the world's most numerous pelagic seabirds. The majority inhabit the Pacific, where they have declined, partly due to bycatch and other anthropogenic impacts, but they are increasing in the Atlantic. To evaluate the sub-mesoscale habitat preferences (i.e. the disproportionality between habitat use and availability), diving behaviour and bycatch risk of Atlantic breeders, we tracked sooty shearwaters from the Falkland Islands during late incubation and early chick-rearing with GPS loggers (n = 20), geolocators (n = 10) and time-depth recorders (n = 10). These birds foraged exclusively in neritic and shelf-break waters, principally over the Burdwood Bank, similar to 350 km from their colony. Like New Zealand breeders, they dived mostly during daylight, especially at dawn and dusk, consistent with the exploitation of vertically migrating prey. However, Falkland birds made shorter foraging trips, shallower dives, and did not forage in oceanic waters. Their overlap with fisheries was low, and they foraged at shallower depths than those targeted by trawlers, the most frequent fishing vessels encountered, indicating that bycatch risk was low during late incubation/early chick-rearing. Although our results should be treated with caution, they indicate that Atlantic and Pacific sooty shearwaters may experience markedly differing pressures at sea. Comparative study between these populations, e.g. combining biologging and demography, is therefore warranted. | |
| GS085 | Coro G,Tassetti AN,Armelloni EN,Pulcinella J | NA | COVID-19 lockdowns reveal the resilience of Adriatic Sea fisheries to forced fishing effort reduction-Supplementary Information | GS | |||
| GS086 | De Santo EM | 2018 | Implementation challenges of area-based management tools (ABMTs) for biodiversity beyond national jurisdiction (BBNJ) | GS | |||
| GS088 | Ebrahimirad AA | 2024 | Technologies of Transparency: The Role of Information and Communications Technologies in Promoting Labour Rights in Distant Water Fisheries | GS | |||
| GS089 | Frawley TH,Muhling B,Brodie S,Blondin H,Welch H,Arostegui MC,Bograd SJ,Braun CD,Cimino MA,Farchadi N,Others | 2024 | Dynamic human, oceanographic, and ecological factors mediate transboundary fishery overlap across the Pacific high seas | GS | |||
| GS090 | Gutierrez M,Lemma A,Gutierrez G,Montenegro C | 2024 | Fishy Business | GS | |||
| GS092 | Phillips-Levine T,Phillips-Levine D,Mills W | NA | Tag Archives: featured | GS | |||
| GS093 | Read AD,McBride C,Spencer T,Anderson P,Smith J,Costa T,Clementz S,Dowd A | 2019 | Preventing noncompliance in marine protected areas using a real-time alert system | GS | |||
| GS094 | Bargnesi F,Moro S,Leone A,Giovos I,Ferretti F | 2022 | New technologies can support data collection on endangered shark species in the Mediterranean Sea | GS | |||
| GS095 | Telesetsky A | 2014 | Scuttling IUU fishing and rewarding sustainable fishing: Enhancing the effectiveness of the port state measures agreement with trade-related measures | GS | |||
| GS096 | Hassan A,Khokhar SS | 2024 | Internet of Things-Enabled Vessel Monitoring System for Enhanced Maritime Safety and Tracking at Sea | GS | |||
| GS097 | Darby JH,de Grissac S,Arneill GE,Pirotta E,Waggitt JJ,Börger L,Shepard E,Cabot D,Owen E,Bolton M,Others | 2021 | Foraging distribution of breeding northern fulmars is predicted by commercial fisheries | GS | |||
| GS099 | Pécastaing N,Salavarriga J | 2022 | The potential impact of fishing in peruvian marine protected areas (MPAs) on artisanal fishery poverty during El Niño events | GS | |||
| GS100 | Rousseau Y | 2020 | Predicting the future of global seafood production | GS | |||
| GS101 | Pacific MA | 2021 | The quantification of illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing in the Pacific Islands region--A 2020 update | GS | |||
| GS102 | Chawla AK,Pvsm A,Nm VSM,Suri CG | NA | Maritime Domain Awareness (MDA) in the Indo-Pacific and the Way Ahead for Indo-Pacific Partnership for MDA (IPMDA) | GS | |||
| GS103 | Mao X,Meng Z | 2022 | Decarbonizing China’s coastal shipping: The role of fuel efficiency and low-carbon fuels | GS | |||
| GS104 | Morgan NB | 2021 | A Multiple Scale Approach to Understand Connectivity and Fragmentation of Seamount Megafaunal Assemblages in the North Pacific | GS | |||
| GS105,GS087 | Vilás González D,Coll M,Corrales X,Steenbeek J,Piroddi C,Macías D,Ligas A,Sartor P,Claudet J | 2021 | Current and potential contributions of the Gulf of Lion Fisheries Restricted Area to fisheries sustainability in the NW Mediterranean Sea | GS,GS | |||
| GS106 | Statistics CW | NA | FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Report No. 1213 FIAS/R1213 (En) | GS | |||
| GS107 | Pierucci A,Xuan AN,Kraan C,Bradshaw C,Garcia C,Mangano MC,Smith C,van Denderen D,Connor D,Punzo E,Others | 2022 | Working Group on Fisheries Benthic Impact and Trade-offs (WGFBIT; outputs from 2021 meeting) | GS | |||
| GS108 | Morales NA,Heidemeyer M,Bauer R,Hernández S,Acuña E,van Gennip SJ,Friedlander AM,Gaymer CF | 2021 | Residential movements of top predators in Chile’s most isolated marine protected area: Implications for the conservation of the Galapagos shark, Carcharhinus galapagensis, and the yellowtail amberjack, Seriola lalandi | GS | |||
| GS109 | Wright G,Rochette J,Gjerde K,Seeger I | 2018 | The long and winding road: negotiating a treaty for the conservation and sustainable use of marine biodiversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction | GS | |||
| GS110 | Solway H | 2023 | Assessing changing Baleen whale distributions and incidents relative to vessel activity | GS | |||
| GS111 | Kannell D | 2023 | Essays in Environmental and Resource Economics | GS | |||
| GS112 | Bakker K | 2024 | Gaia's Web: How Digital Environmentalism Can Combat Climate Change, Restore Biodiversity, Cultivate Empathy, and Regenerate the Earth | GS | |||
| GS113 | Paradis Vilar S | 2020 | Physical and Biogeochemical Impacts of Deep Bottom Trawling in Sedimentary Environments of the Western Mediterranean | GS | |||
| GS114 | Crespo GA | 2020 | Opportunities for Enhancing an Ecosystem-based Approach to Pelagic Fisheries Management in the High Seas | GS | |||
| GS115 | Chevrot A | 2022 | Detection of contextual anomalies in air traffic data using neural network models | GS | |||
| GS116 | Cabanelas AM,Quelch GD,Von Kistowski K,Young M,Carrara G,Aneiros AR,Artés RF,Ásmundsson S,Kuemlangan B,Camilleri M | 2020 | Transshipment: a closer look An in-depth study in support of the development of international guidelines | GS | |||
| GS117 | Almpanidou V,Doxa A,Mazaris AD | 2021 | Combining a cumulative risk index and species distribution data to identify priority areas for marine biodiversity conservation in the Black Sea | GS | |||
| GS118 | Baldwin CW,Palin PJ,Nieto-Gomez R,Day J | 2016 | Deterrence Impact Modeling Environment (DIME) Proof-of-Concept Test Evaluations and Findings | GS | |||
| GS119 | Rotjan RD | 2019 | evidence and patterns of tuna spawning inside a large no-take Marine protected Area | GS | |||
| GS120 | Granholm G,Aarsæther KG,Uriondo Z,Quincozes I,Jensen JH,Haugen J | 2017 | D3. 1 Fishery Pilot Definition | GS | |||
| GS121 | Leung L | 2023 | Should There Be a Negligence Exception to the Autonomy Principle for Letters of Credit? | GS | |||
| GS122 | Darby J | 2023 | Ollscoil na hÉireann, Corcaigh | GS | |||
| GS123 | Darby J | 2023 | How seabirds respond to a changing oceanic environment: a | GS | |||
| NU001 | UN. Department of Economic and Social Affairs | 2023 | Mapping report on existing ocean databases in support of SDG 14 : | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/4037863 | NU | The ocean is the largest ecosystem on our planet, providing a range of resources necessary for sustainable development. In 2015, the UN General Assembly endorsed the 2030 Agenda, putting forward 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and 169 targets, the achievement of which is to be measured by proposed indicators. Oceans, seas and marine resources are at the centre of SDG14 “Life below water”, the multifaceted nature of which requires a shared information and knowledge system in order to support its implementation. In recognition of the need to access the data and information related to different aspects of the ocean, this report aims to map existing ocean databases related to each target of SDG 14. The databases are introduced, and information on how to access them is offered. Finally, the gaps in data access, collection, and dissemination are analyzed and policy advice is provided. For each Target of SDG 14, related databanks/datasets and methodologies are introduced. Multiple datasets stored and organized in a single data portal are considered as a databank, and the data on specific topics are introduced as datasets. For some SDG targets, methodologies on how to analyze data are also introduced. The purpose of this handbook is to assist developing countries in increasing access to reliable data, and to enhance capacity of data-supported decision-making on conservation and sustainable use of oceans, seas and marine resources. Ocean data, however, cover a wide range of aspects. With increasing capabilities in observation, huge amounts of data have been collected and accumulated in such a wide variety of organizations, that it’s almost impossible to summarize all the related datasets. Therefore, in this report, only the datasets closely related to each target of SDG 14 are briefly introduced. 2The report was prepared by Dr. Rencheng Yu, assisted by Dr. Huixia Geng, Dr. Zhengxi Zhou, and Dr. Yifan Li. The co-authors appreciate the assistance of graduate students from the Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. | |
| NU002 | UN. Secretariat | 2017 | Increasing scientific knowledge, and developing research capacity and transfer of marine technology : concept paper / prepared by the secretariat | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/1307986 | NU | NA | |
| NU003 | 2022 | Canadian input on the 2020 UN Ocean Conference Interactive Dialogue : concept papers | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/3996803 | NU | NA | ||
| NU004 | UN Open-ended Informal Consultative Process on Oceans and the Law of the Sea | 2024 | Report on the work of the United Nations Open-ended Informal Consultative Process on Oceans and the Law of the Sea at its 22nd meeting : letter dated 19 July 2024 from the Co-Chairs of the Informal Consultative Process addressed to the President of the General Assembly | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/4059170 | NU | NA | |
| NU005 | UN. Committee on Non-Governmental Organizations (2021 sess. : New York) | 2021 | Report of the Committee on Non-Governmental Organizations on its 2021 resumed session (New York, 30 August to 10 September and 17 September 2021) | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/3945330 | NU | At its 2021 resumed session, held from 30 August to 10 September and on 17 September 2021, the Committee on Non-Governmental Organizations had before it 651 applications for consultative status, including 387 applications deferred from earlier sessions. Of the non-governmental organizations submitting those applications, the Committee recommended 264 for consultative status, deferred 320 for further consideration at its regular session in 2022 and closed without prejudice consideration of 65 applications of organizations that had failed to respond to queries over two consecutive sessions of the Committee. The Committee also had before it one request for reclassification of consultative status deferred from a previous session, which it closed without prejudice. The Committee considered seven requests for a change of name and took note of seven of those requests. It also took note of 323 of the 407 quadrennial reports before it. The Committee heard 17 representatives of the non-governmental organizations that attended the session. The present report contains seven draft decisions on matters calling for action by the Economic and Social Council. By draft decision I, the Council would: (a) Grant special consultative status to 264 non-governmental organizations; (b) Note that the Committee decided to take note of the change of name of seven non-governmental organizations; (c) Note that the Committee decided to take note of the quadrennial reports of 323 non-governmental organizations, including new and deferred reports; (d) Note that the Committee decided to take note of the withdrawal by the organizations Democracy Reporting International, gGmbH, and Arab Program for Human Rights Activists of their applications for consultative status; (e) Close without prejudice consideration of the request for consultative status made by 65 non-governmental organizations after the organizations had failed to respond to queries over the course of two consecutive sessions of the Committee ; (f) Close without prejudice the request for reclassification made by Widows for Peace through Democracy. By draft decision II, the Council would withdraw the consultative status of nine non-governmental organizations. By draft decision III, the Council would suspend, for a period of one year, the consultative status of 219 organizations with outstanding quadrennial reports. By draft decision IV, the Council would decide to reinstate the consultative status of 48 organizations that had submitted their outstanding quadrennial reports. By draft decision V, the Council would decide to withdraw the consultative status of 139 organizations with continued outstanding quadrennial reports. By draft decision VI, the Council would approve the provision al agenda of the 2022 session of the Committee. By draft decision VII, the Council would take note of the present report. | |
| NU006 | 2022 | Final list of participants : Intergovernmental Conference on an international legally binding instrument under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea on the conservation and sustainable use of marine biological diversity of areas beyond national jurisdiction, 4th session, New York, 7–18 March 2022 | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/3968211 | NU | NA | ||
| NU007 | UN. Human Rights Council. Special Rapporteur on the Right to Food | 2019 | Right to food : report of the Special Rapporteur on the Right to Food | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/3792443 | NU | Following the interim report devoted to the rights of agricultural workers and the paradoxical challenge they face in realizing their right to food (A/73/164), the present report focuses on two aspects of fishery workers’ rights. First, it details the essential role that fishery workers play in contributing to the food security and nutrition of others, thus enabling the greater realization of the right to food. Secondly, it discusses the unique barriers that fishery workers face to the enjoyment of their own human rights, specifically the right to food, with special attention to vulnerable groups of fishery workers, including women, children, migrants and indigenous communities. Finally, it focuses on the obligations of States under international legal frameworks and the potential contribution of the private sector, international and regional organizations and consumers to enabling the realization of the right to food of fishery workers in a changing global food system. | |
| NU008 | UNEP | 2023 | Environmental rule of law : tracking progress and charting future directions | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/4028034 | NU | Since the publication of the First Global Report on Environmental Rule of Law in 2019, environmental rule of law has both advanced and been challenged. Climate change and addressing historical social inequities have dominated political and social discourse in many countries, shaping recent developments in the environmental rule of law. The COVID-19 pandemic created new challenges in implementing and enforcing environmental laws. However, it also spurred technological developments and the uptake of technologies. Although many countries worldwide have implemented various environmental laws, their effectiveness in practice remains a challenge for addressing the triple planetary crisis of climate change, biodiversity loss and pollution. The existing climate pledges and legislation are not adequate to achieve the goal of limiting global average temperatures to below 2°C, as agreed upon in the Paris Agreement. In addition, the loss of biodiversity caused by landscape transformation is accelerating at an unprecedented rate, and national governments have not fulfilled their commitments to protect and preserve conserved areas. Pollution of both air and water is a widespread problem, with emerging pollutants such as pharmaceuticals and plastic putting waterways at risk. Approximately 99 per cent of people live in areas that do not meet the air quality standards set by the World Health Organization (WHO 2021a). This report aims to support countries in promoting and strengthening environmental rule of law by addressing challenges and good practices. It responds to the need identified in the First Global Report to undertake regular global assessments of environmental rule of law. This report also seeks to fulfil the United Nations Environment Programme’s (UNEP’s) mandate to promote and advance environmental rule of law pursuant to UNEP’s 2013 Governing Council Decision 27/9, the 2019 United Nations Environment Assembly (UNEA) Resolution 4/20 which adopted the Fifth Montevideo Programme for the Development and Periodic Review of Environmental Law, as well as the Political Declaration of the special session of the UNEA to commemorate the fiftieth anniversary of the establishment of UNEP. Building on the First Global Report, this report expands the initial findings to provide a comprehensive data-informed assessment of global trends, gaps and opportunities related to environmental rule of law. UNEP, in collaboration with its partners, developed and collected data on a series of questions related to each of the key components of environmental rule of law: laws, institutions, civic engagement, rights and justice. By analysing data on these indicators, UNEP has created a global snapshot of environmental rule of law to identify which aspects of environmental rule of law are most prevalent across countries, and to track progress over time. The analysis of the data is provided in four substantive chapters. In addition, this report provides a range of good practices integrated into each chapter. These good practices provide evidence of what successful promotion and implementation of environmental rule of law look like in reality. By presenting good practices, UNEP aims to deepen understanding of environmental rule of law through case studies and inspire states and other stakeholders to replicate good practices whenever possible. Six cross-cutting findings are highlighted: The COVID-19 pandemic has had significant impacts on environmental rule of law, both positive and negative; the recognition and integration of environmental rights has accelerated; there is growing attention to specialised environment enforcement, particularly in the development and capacity building of institutions; women are champions of environmental rule of law; environmental rule of law is undergoing a technological revolution; and climate change continues to be both a dominant context for environmental rule of law efforts and a driver of actions to advance it. Furthermore, several overarching recommendations are proposed for future action and collaboration in connection with current global events and challenges, with an eye toward ongoing analyses and efforts to continue strengthening environmental rule of law. Firstly, prioritise the standardization and tracking of environmental rule of law indicators. Secondly, develop guidance on environmental rule of law in emergencies and disasters. Thirdly, integrate social justice in environmental institutions. Finally, establish a technology-policy interface. A number of issues warrant further research and investigation, and will require collaboration between academic researchers and practitioners that are innovating and pilot testing approaches. This horizon- scanning exercise also highlights future directions for exchange, learning and programming. The five issues are: - Expanding conceptions of gender; - Environmental rule of law in areas beyond national jurisdiction: oceans, poles and space; - Challenges of emerging technology; •Environmental rule of law in fragile and conflict-affected settings; - Environmental rule of law and civil disobedience. Understanding and improving environmental rule of law is crucial for addressing the unprecedented challenges that our planet and societies face. In addition to environmental benefits, environmental rule of law provides economic and social benefits by enhancing the protection of nature, public health and economically valuable natural resources. It also supports and inspires the creation and implementation of ecosystem restoration measures. The consistent, fair and effective implementation of environmental laws strengthens the perceived legitimacy of government action and builds public confidence in institutions. It contributes to greater security and can reduce conflicts and promote peace. | |
| NU009 | UN. Secretary-General | 2022 | Situation of piracy and armed robbery at sea in the Gulf of Guinea and its underlying causes : report of the Secretary-General | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/3993689 | NU | NA | |
| NU010 | FAO. Fisheries and Aquaculture Department | 2018 | The state of world fisheries and aquaculture. 2018 : meeting the sustainable development goals | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/3934545 | NU | NA | |
| NU012,NU011 | UN. Secretary-General | 2023 | List of non-governmental organizations in consultative status with the Economic and Social Council as of 31 December 2022 : note / by the Secretary-General | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/4025469 | NU | NA | |
| NU013 | International Organization for Migration | 2023 | Harnessing Data Innovation for Migration Policy: A Handbook for Practitioners | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/4012987 | NU | This contribution provides general guidance on the fundamental-rights compliant use of big data and artificial intelligence. In view of the increasing uptake of big data analytics and artificial intelligence in the area of migration and border management, many ethical and legal issues arise. This chapter starts by framing the discussion around human rights law. This rights-based approach, anchored in law, is the starting point for any ethical and lawful approach to using big data. Apart from the use of big data for the production of statistics, new technological developments often go one step further by trying to use data to automate certain tasks through predictions based on data and machine-learning algorithms – often referred to and discussed under the broad heading of “artificial intelligence”. The contribution outlines main fundamental-rights challenges in relation to the use of artificial intelligence, including data protection and privacy, equality, and non‑discrimination, as well as access to justice. This is followed by a brief overview of the potential and actual use of big data and artificial intelligence by border management authorities in the European Union. The article concludes with some practical guidance on using artificial intelligence in a fundamental-rights-compliant manner, drawing on findings from publications by the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA). | |
| NU014 | IBRD | 2021 | World Development Report 2021 : data for better lives | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/3963929 | NU | NA | |
| NU015 | FAO. Fisheries and Aquaculture Department | 2020 | The state of world fisheries and aquaculture. 2020 : sustainability in action | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/3934505 | NU | NA | |
| NU016 | UN. Department of Economic and Social Affairs. Division for Public Administration and Development Management | 2018 | United Nations e-government survey 2018 : gearing e-Government to support transformation towards sustainable and resilient societies | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/3868848 | NU | The 2018 UN E-Government Survey, with the overall theme “gearing e-government to support transformation towards sustainable and resilient societies”, is published as the implementation of the 2030 Agenda advances to its third year and the 2018 High-level political forum (HLPF) focuses on transformation towards sustainable and resilient societies. Shocks of various kinds can derail progress towards realizing the vision of the 2030 Agenda. Strengthening resilience is at the heart of all sustainable development goals (SDGs) and is thus essential for sustainable progress. Strengthening resilience by ensuring that people, societies, and institutions have the resources, capacities and knowledge to limit, anticipate, absorb and adapt to shocks, underpins all the SDGs. Governments are responsible for pursuing policies to build resilience and assist those most affected. The 2018 United Nations E-Government Survey considers the ways in which, using digital technology, governments can and are responding to shocks emanating from natural or man-made disasters and various types of other crises. The Survey acknowledges the progressive reliance on digital technologies in managing emergency responses, performing essential functions, and swiftly recovering from crises. For example, governments are ramping up their use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS), open data, e-government services, and cutting- edge technologies such as Artificial Intelligence and blockchain to hasten response and strengthen resilience. | |
| NU017 | 2022 | Report of the 2022 United Nations Conference to Support the Implementation of Sustainable Development Goal 14: Conserve and Sustainably Use the Oceans, Seas and Marine Resources for Sustainable Development : Lisbon, 27 June–1 July 2022 | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/3993162 | NU | NA | ||
| NU018 | UN. Economic and Social Council (2021-2022 : New York) | 2022 | Resolutions and decisions of the Economic and Social Council : 2022 session, New York, 23 July 2021-22 July 2022 | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/3993531 | NU | NA | |
| UE001 | https://doi.org/10.2861/676908 | AZTI Marine Research Department; Directorate-General for Internal Policies of the Union | 2021 | Workshop on electronic technologies for fisheries . Part I, Transmitted positional data systems | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/9ad0f395-2d63-11ec-bd8e-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE | This study is the first research paper in a series of three, prepared for a PECH Committee Workshop. It reviews the state of the art of transmitted positional data systems, high resolution and synthetic aperture radar (SAR) for satellite image data used in fisheries control and fisheries research. It identifies the strengths and weaknesses of such systems and provides policy recommendations for a more effective fisheries control system based on currently applied electronic technologies (ET). |
| UE002 | https://doi.org/10.2760/87451 | Joint Research Centre; Scientific, Technical and Economic Committee for Fisheries | 2022 | Scientific, Technical and Economic Committee for Fisheries (STECF) - 70th plenary report (PLEN-22-01) | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/78925322-751d-11ed-9887-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE | Commission Decision of 25 February 2016 setting up a Scientific, Technical and Economic Committee for Fisheries, C(2016) 1084, OJ C 74, 26.2.2016, p. 4–10. The Commission may consult the group on any matter relating to marine and fisheries biology, fishing gear technology, fisheries economics, fisheries governance, ecosystem effects of fisheries, aquaculture or similar disciplines. The Scientific, Technical and Economic Committee for Fisheries held its 70th plenary from 4 to 8 July 2022. |
| UE003 | https://doi.org/10.2760/185588 | Joint Research Centre | 2023 | Earth observation in support of EU policies for biodiversity - A deep-dive assessment of the Knowledge Centre on Earth Observation | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/bb713e80-e316-11ed-a05c-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE | This report describes the results from a deep dive assessment of the Knowledge Centre on Earth Observation (KCEO) exploring the use of Earth Observation (EO) products and services to support EU biodiversity policies. EU policy needs in the biodiversity domain are analysed with the ambition to verify how and to what extent existing EO products and services meet these needs, highlight existing gaps and provide recommendations on future evolution. The spatial resolution of Copernicus products in most cases matches the user requirements. Improvements are suggested on more regular and frequent updates of products, as well as on products latency. The length of time series and their consistency over time are considered not always adequate. Uncertainty and accuracy of EO products are key but not addressed in the deep dive. Other areas of improvement are related to the thematic detail: existing land cover maps are not sufficient for many biodiversity applications, and this is as well applicable to land use and sea use products. There is a need to map ecosystem types further refining more aggregated land cover classes, to drive the assessment of habitats and ecosystems condition. In this respect, although satellite EO can already offer significant and valuable datasets to support biodiversity related policies, for the full exploitation of available technology, the availability of ground-based and more broadly in-situ data both on land and in marine and freshwater environments, is essential and should be enhanced. |
| UE004 | https://doi.org/10.2830/110399 | Capgemini Invent; European Data Portal; Publications Office of the European Union | 2020 | Enabling smart rural - The open data gap | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/18d1354e-db7d-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE | This analytical report examines collection, availability and use of open data in rural areas. It does this through the lens of the ‘smart city’ and asks what the prioritisation of the development of services and products for urban populations and industries means for rural populations and rural industries and their specific requirements. It finds that these are not currently being met, and are insufficiently examined or supported by open data, with the exception of agricultural, fisheries and forestry data in more urban Member States, which is thriving. Further, it suggests that ‘smart city’ approaches should not be simply transposed onto the rural environment, but that there is value in ‘smart region’ approaches that recognise the relationship between cities and their surrounding countryside. It recommends the following activities directed at Member States with larger rural populations: the institutionalisation of open data skills and knowledge; increasing awareness of High Value Datasets; engaging with complementary data owners such as non-governmental organisations and researchers; developing skills links with urban areas and the creation of hackathons or challenges that specifically target rural issues. |
| UE005 | https://doi.org/10.2926/909535 | Agencia Estatal Consejo superior de Investigaciones Científicas CSIC; COISPA Tecnologia & Ricerca; Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche IRBIM; Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare CoNISMa; Consorzio per il Centro Interuniversitario di Biologia Marina ed Ecologia Applicata “G. Bacci” di Livorno (CIBM); European Climate, Infrastructure and Environment Executive Agency; Hellenic Centre of Marine Research HCMR; IFREMER Département Ressources Biologiques et Environnement - Boulogne sur mer; Instituto Español de Oceanografía IEO; Istituto Nazionale di Oceanograficia e di Geofisica Sperimentale OGS | 2022 | Study on advancing fisheries assessment and management advice in the Mediterranean by aligning biological and management units of priority species MED_UNITs - Final report | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/027a7baf-aa5b-11ec-83e1-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE | Stock identification provides a basis for understanding population dynamics and makes the stock assessment process more robust, thereby developing fisheries management strategies. Multiannual Management Plans under the Common Fishery Policy (EU Reg. 1380/2013) are tools for managing shared stocks in the long term and thus this requires improving our knowledge on biological stock units and fishery management units. Methods for delineating stocks advanced considerably in recent years and include genetic techniques, otolith shape and chemistry, acoustic telemetry, tagging, demographic analysis and meristic data. The integration of multiple techniques that operate over different temporal and spatial scales makes it possible to overcome many of the limitations of single technique approaches and strengthens the inference available from stock structure studies (Cadrin et al., 2013). The identification of fishing grounds is an essential information to delineate the fishing footprints on the fish and shellfish stocks. To identify fishing grounds different methods are available, based on Automatic Identification System (AIS) and Vessel Monitoring System (VMS). Linking information on stock boundaries with the one on the localization of the fishing grounds is a key step for the identification of spatial units for fishery management. The overall objective of the MED_UNITs project is to identify and match biological and management stock units of several important demersal species in the Mediterranean: European hake (Merluccius merluccius), red mullet (Mullus barbatus), deep water rose shrimp (Parapenaeus longirostris), giant red shrimp (Aristaeomorpha foliacea), blue and red shrimp (Aristeus antennatus) and Norway lobster (Nephrops norvegicus). The study covers the Geographical Sub-Areas (GSAs) 1-27 (Mediterranean Sea). The project structure consists of 5 Work-Packages (WPs) and 16 Tasks.WP0-Project management and coordination; WP1-Population genetics and phylogeographic studies for identification of biological units of priority species; WP-2 Otolith shape and microchemistry analyses; WP3-Delineate fishing grounds and stock assessment; WP4-Synthesis and proposals. The analyses undertaken in WP1 and WP2 delineate the population units from a biological perspective. WP3 defines the fisheries footprints not necessarily within the boundaries of the current GSAs. The integration of this information takes place in WP4, supported by the explanatory role of ecological/environmental profiles at spatial scale. Overall, this approach is expected to advance fisheries assessment and improve the management advice, reducing the bias associated with the assumption of a given stock unit, when instead multiple stocks are assessed as a single unit or only a portion of a stock is assessed as a closed unit. |
| UE006 | https://doi.org/10.2861/617655 | Directorate-General for Internal Policies of the Union; Thünen Institute of Sea Fisheries | 2020 | Impact of the use of offshore wind and other marine renewables on European fisheries - Research for PECH Committee | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/84b731bb-53bb-11eb-b59f-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE | The study provides an overview of general impacts of the development of offshore wind farms and other marine renewables on the European fishing sector. It further highlights pathways for possible co-existence solutions of both sectors, a description of best practice examples and lessons learnt, the identification of research gaps and last but not least the presentation of policy recommendations. |
| UE007 | https://doi.org/10.2760/19269 | Joint Research Centre | 2023 | EU bioeconomy monitoring system indicator update | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/e4cc8c00-a11c-11ed-b508-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE | The conceptual framework of the EU Bioeconomy Monitoring System was designed to assess the EU’s progress towards a circular and sustainable bioeconomy. Indicators were selected to cover the various parts of the framework but gaps in the knowledge or data still exist. This document describes the progress made in filling gaps in the indicators that had been identified as being important to understand the progress of the EU Bioeconomy. In 2022, three gaps were addressed: Climate change adaptation in fisheries and aquaculture, climate change adaptation in forestry and share of wood in construction. Indicators of adaptation to climate change in fisheries and aquaculture presented in Chapter 2 of this report are chosen for their ability to indicate changes in these sectors either as technical changes, changes in the behaviour of resource users/producers, or changes in the governance system. Many indicators are proposed here, but the final choice of the indicators selected to inform policymakers through the EU Bioeconomy Monitoring System must be preceded by a period of evaluation, consultation with the productive sectors and assessment of their operation in the medium to long term. For the indicators on climate change adaptation in forestry, indicators need to be applicable in as many forest ecosystems and methods of forest management as possible allowing comparisons across temporal and spatial scales. Moreover, they need to be concise, meaningful, and communicative, easily comprehensible, particularly by decisionmakers. The indicators presented here are proposed based on an in-depth literature review and assessment of data availability at EU level. Regarding indicators to assess the share of wood in construction, there is little data available. Timber use in construction is highly centred around residential construction, its total use varies from country to country and the data available is highly localized, thus there is no centralized EU-level database available for this indicator. The most feasible indicator is for the volume and share of wooden buildings (load-bearing frame mostly of wood) because of the homogeneity with which it is measured across different countries. So far, such data is only available in five countries: Germany, Sweden, Finland, Czechia, and Bulgaria. |
| UE008 | https://doi.org/10.2815/520375 | European Union Institute for Security Studies | 2023 | Africa atlas - Mapping the future of the AU-EU partnership | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/a09e7f31-8500-11ee-99ba-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE | Africa is experiencing a far-reaching social, economic and demographic transformation, while gaining increasing prominence in global geopolitics. To take account of these changes, this Chaillot Paper sets out to update our ‘mental map’ of the continent and zoom in on the trends and dynamics that are reshaping Africa and thus affecting its relationship with the European Union. Modelled on an atlas, it presents a series of visually engaging maps, charts and graphics, to convey key messages and statistics on themes as diverse as food sovereignty, urbanisation, climate resilience, migration and mobility as well as peace and security. Using these infographics, it aims to chart the way forward for a modern and forward-looking partnership between the African Union and the European Union. The volume looks at all areas for collaboration that were identified in the AU-EU Joint Vision for 2030, tracking the progress made and, above all, underlining the opportunities and challenges that lie ahead. |
| UE009 | Directorate-General for Maritime Affairs and Fisheries | 2020 | EUMOFA, European Market Observatory for Fisheries and Aquaculture Products - Monthly highlights. No. 9/2020 | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/277255a5-3060-11eb-b27b-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE | NA | |
| UE010 | https://doi.org/10.2861/572 | Directorate-General for Internal Policies of the Union | 2022 | Role and impact of China on world fisheries and aquaculture | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/74c3d8b8-92f8-11ed-b508-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE | This study reviews China’s mariculture and marine fisheries with emphasis on the operations of its Distant Water Fleets (DWF). China’s DWF are analysed with some emphasis on the subsidies they receive from their government, their Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated catches and practices, the challenges they represent to international agreements, and to competing fleets from the EU, particularly in six focal countries, i.e., Mauritania, Senegal, Madagascar, Mauritius, Ecuador and the Solomon Islands. Finally, the trade of Chinese fishery and mariculture products is reviewed with some emphasis on the import of fish feed by China, which may increasingly impact some food-deficient countries. |
| UE011 | https://doi.org/10.2767/879305 | Directorate-General for Employment, Social Affairs and Inclusion | 2017 | Quality of public administration - A toolbox for practitioners. Theme 1, Policy-making, implementation and innovation | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/d1d02a42-d580-11e7-a5b9-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE | Governments will always face difficult policy choices, even in times of peace and prosperity, and will be judged on the outcomes they produce. Policy decision taken at all levels (supra-national, national, regional and local) will shape the strength of economic renewal and social well-being in the EU in the coming years. This theme poses a series of questions: How is policy designed in practice? What instruments are available? How can more creative solutions be found? In seeking answers, it explores the qualities of good policy-making, approaches to longer-term strategic planning, stakeholder consultation and the advent of co-responsibility with citizens and businesses (co-design, co-production, co-evaluation, etc.). It also sets out tools and techniques for regulatory reform. In pursuing continuous improvement, it emphasises the importance of systematic feedback, the value of external scrutiny in driving up standards, and innovation in its myriad forms. |
| UE012 | https://doi.org/10.2826/35050 | AZTI TECNALIA; CEFAS; Executive Agency for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises; IEO; IPMA; MRAG | 2019 | Scientific approaches for the assessment and management of deep-sea fisheries and ecosystems in RFMOs and RFBs - Final report | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/0f2b559b-4610-11e9-a8ed-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE | Globally, there are ten regional organisations responsible for the management of fisheries for non-migratory species in areas beyond national jurisdiction. Regional Fisheries Management Organisations (RFMOs) have a legal mandate to ensure the sustainable use of marine living resources in these areas, although the two organisations in the eastern and western equatorial Atlantic (CECAF and WECAFC) are limited to an advisory role and formally designated Regional Fishery Bodies (RFBs) only. Unlike RFMOs, RFBs do not have a Convention document, and cannot implement binding measures to which member states must adhere (e.g. areas closed to fishing). In this review, we discuss the varying strategies adopted by these organisations to manage deep-water fisheries (400m and deeper), with a particular focus upon measures designed to limit deleterious impacts upon sensitive benthic ecosystems. Each organisation is scored against 102 criteria which relate to their status, capacity, and actions to manage bottom fisheries. The North Atlantic RFMOs (NEAFC and NAFO), and CCAMLR were the highest scoring organisations, with CECAF, WECAFC and the South Indian Ocean Fisheries Agreement (SIOFA) consistently amongst the lowest scoring organisations. To explore the extent to which each organisation is meeting its objectives, each of these criteria are grouped according to whether they best represent an organisation’s capacity (what it can do); need (what it should do); and action (what it has or is doing), as a means to assess how each organisation is performing. The action and need scores for most organisations are broadly proportional (i.e. the more an organisation does to limit adverse impacts, the less needs to be done), but comparisons between capacity and action highlight where organisational improvements should be made. Several organisations still have substantial capacity gaps (particularly CECAF and WECAFC) and should be targeted for additional technical and financial support. Others, such as the Mediterranean Fisheries Council (GFCM), progress appears not to be commensurate with their collective capacity, perhaps owing to more a more complex geopolitical setting. This review provides detailed background information for each organisation and makes a number of recommendations for future research and policy direction. |
| UE013 | https://doi.org/10.2926/425550 | BlueFarm; CE Delft; ECORYS; European Climate, Infrastructure and Environment Executive Agency; SML | 2024 | Techno-economic analysis for the energy transition of the EU fisheries and aquaculture sector | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/a8d20a8c-39eb-11ef-87a1-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE | A Sustainable Blue Economy offers many solutions to achieve the European Green Deal objectives. However, this requires current activities, technologies and processes to reduce their carbon footprint. In response, the European Commission adopted a package of measures in February 2023 including most importantly for this study the Communication on the Energy Transition of the EU Fisheries and Aquaculture sector. The package proposes a series of actions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and achieve carbon climate neutrality by 2050. This study maps out low-carbon energy innovations and efficiency solutions; analyses current energy use; associated CO2e emissions; the cost to reduce them; and the viability of decarbonisation technologies. It identifies potential solutions for the fisheries and aquaculture sector, assesses their financial viability and provides recommendations for overcoming barriers to implementation. The specificities of fisheries and aquaculture are addressed separately, with recommendations for the two provided accordingly. Potential synergies for the energy transition within the sectors, are also identified. |
| UE014 | https://doi.org/10.2835/726865 | European Fisheries Control Agency | 2022 | Course for EU fisheries monitoring centres’ operators on vessel tracking systems - Non-EU countries | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/5e6281d5-a66e-11ec-83e1-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE | The objective of this training manual is to provide an overview of the systems and tools available in fisheries monitoring centres (FMC) and their use for the purpose of collecting and managing data, in particular information obtained from fisheries control operations. The manual also shows how these resources can be used to guide control operations at sea and in port in the most effective way possible. This manual is aimed primarily at FMC operators located on the African continent, in particular for the control of fishing activities carried out in the Atlantic Ocean, the Indian Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea. |
| UE015 | https://doi.org/10.2826/581374 | Capgemini; Executive Agency for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises | 2021 | Advanced technologies for industry - AT watch : technology focus on data sharing | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/cb3900ea-a635-11eb-9585-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE | This report focuses on the evolution of data sharing as the advanced technology fostering the digital transformation of Europe. Data sharing is vital for companies in general, and SMEs in particular, to reap the benefits that data offers and is a key asset for the EU’s ambitions to become a role model for a data-driven society, to create a single market for data and to facilitate common European data spaces. |
| UE016 | https://doi.org/10.2760/29623 | Joint Research Centre; Scientific, Technical and Economic Committee for Fisheries | 2023 | Scientific, Technical and Economic Committee for Fisheries (STECF) - Evaluation of economic indicators and closure areas in the western Mediterranean (STECF-23-01) | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/c4fcda28-ed5d-11ed-a05c-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE | Commission Decision of 25 February 2016 setting up a Scientific, Technical and Economic Committee for Fisheries, C(2016) 1084, OJ C 74, 26.2.2016, p. 4–10. The Commission may consult the group on any matter relating to marine and fisheries biology, fishing gear technology, fisheries economics, fisheries governance, ecosystem effects of fisheries, aquaculture or similar disciplines. This report is the 10th of a suite of STECF EWG reports dedicated to the evaluation of the implementation of the Western Mediterranean Sea Multi-Annual management Plan (hereafter, MAP), following EWG reports 18-09, 18-13, 19-01, 19-14, 20-13, 21-01, 21- 13, 22-01 and 22-11. |
| UE017 | Directorate-General for Maritime Affairs and Fisheries | 2019 | EUMOFA, European Market Observatory for Fisheries and Aquaculture Products - Monthly highlights. No. 5/2019 | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/f7abc165-5224-11ea-aece-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE | NA | |
| UE018 | https://doi.org/10.2771/813984 | Directorate-General for Maritime Affairs and Fisheries | 2021 | Species analyses - 2020 edition | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/d33345a6-a3db-11eb-9585-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE | NA |
| UE019 | https://doi.org/10.2760/214080 | Joint Research Centre; Scientific, Technical and Economic Committee for Fisheries | 2023 | Scientific, Technical and Economic Committee for Fisheries (STECF) - Validation of selected sustainability indicators and underlying methodologies for the revision of the EU marketing standards for fisheries products (STECF-22-12) | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/897fe1a6-b19b-11ed-8912-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE | Commission Decision of 25 February 2016 setting up a Scientific, Technical and Economic Committee for Fisheries, C(2016) 1084, OJ C 74, 26.2.2016, p. 4–10. The Commission may consult the group on any matter relating to marine and fisheries biology, fishing gear technology, fisheries economics, fisheries governance, ecosystem effects of fisheries, aquaculture or similar disciplines. This report is from the EWG 22-12 on “Validation of selected sustainability indicators and underlying methodologies for the revision of the EU marketing standards for fisheries products”, which met in Brussels from 5th to 9th September 2022. |
| UE020 | https://doi.org/10.2861/882830 | Directorate-General for Internal Policies of the Union; Öko-Institut e.V | 2021 | The role of artificial intelligence in the European Green Deal | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/2c3de271-525a-11ec-91ac-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE | Artificial Intelligence (AI) can be deployed for a wide range of applications to promote the goals of the European Green Deal. However, adverse environmental impacts of AI could jeopardise the attainment of these goals. The report describes environmental potential, clarifies characteristics and causes of environmental risks, and outlines initiatives and best practices for environmental policies. It illustrates the need for regulatory action to align design and deployment of AI with the goals of the European Green Deal and concludes with specific recommendations. This document was provided by the Policy Department for Economic, Scientific and Quality of Life Policies at the request of the Special Committee on Artificial Intelligence in a Digital Age (AIDA). |
| UE021 | https://doi.org/10.2826/387890 | Executive Agency for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises | 2020 | Review of the research knowledge and gaps on fish populations, fisheries and linked ecosystems in the Central Arctic Ocean (CAO) | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/aae1e59e-46fe-11ea-b81b-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE | This report presents a review of the research knowledge and gaps on fish populations, fisheries and linked ecosystems in the Central Arctic Ocean (CAO). The CAO comprises the deep basins of the Arctic Ocean beyond the shelf break, which largely overlap with the High Seas of the Arctic Ocean, i.e. the marine areas outside the Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZs) of the Arctic coastal nations. The authors of the report are members of the European Fisheries Inventory in the Central Arctic Ocean (EFICA) Consortium. This study was funded by the European Commission as an EU contribution to the international cooperation within the Agreement to Prevent Unregulated High Seas Fisheries in the Central Arctic Ocean. |
| UE022 | https://doi.org/10.2771/500972 | Directorate-General for Maritime Affairs and Fisheries; EUMOFA European Market Observatoryfor Fisheries and Aquaculture Products | 2021 | Country analyses - 2020 edition | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/d33149d5-a3db-11eb-9585-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE | NA |
| UE023 | https://doi.org/10.2777/100029 | Directorate-General for Research and Innovation | 2023 | S&T&I for 2050 - Science, technology and innovation for ecosystem performance : accelerating sustainability transitions | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/260eaaf7-6bd7-11ee-9220-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE | This report presents the results of a study on S&T&I for 2050: science, technology and innovation for ecosystem performance – accelerating sustainability transitions. The aim was to identify, map and assess future scientific and technological developments that can radically improve or threaten ecosystem performance. Based on literature review, the project team developed three perspectives on future relations between humans and nature and humans’ role in the flourishing of planetary ecosystems. Drawing in addition on a two-round Dynamic Argumentative Delphi survey on the most dynamic scientific and technological developments, six cased studies on core sustainability issues explored the three perspectives. Reflections on implications for R&I policies in the context of the European Green Deal conclude each case study. |
| UE024 | https://doi.org/10.2830/63132 | Publications Office of the European Union | 2020 | The economic impact of open data - Opportunities for value creation in Europe | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/1021d8a7-5782-11ea-8b81-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE | This European Data Portal study researches the value created by open data in Europe. It is the second study by the European Data Portal, following the 2015 report. The open data market size is estimated at EUR 184 billion and forecast to reach between EUR 199.51 and EUR 334.21 billion in 2025. The report considers how this market size is distributed along different sectors and how many people are employed due to open data. The efficiency gains from open data, such as potential lives saved, time saved, environmental benefits and improvement of language services, as well as associated potential costs savings, are explored and quantified where possible. Finally, the report also considers examples and insights from open data re-use in organisations. |
| UE025 | https://doi.org/10.2771/563899 | Directorate-General for Maritime Affairs and Fisheries | 2021 | The EU fish market - 2021 edition | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/6f87e818-dbd4-11ec-a534-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE | “The EU fish market” aims at providing an economic description of the whole European fisheries and aquaculture industry. It replies to questions such as what is produced/exported/imported, when and where, what is consumed, by whom and what are the main trends. A comparative analysis allows to assess the performance of fishery and aquaculture products in the EU market compared with other food products. In this report, value and price variations for periods longer than five years are analysed by deflating values using the GDP deflator (base=2015); for shorter periods, nominal value and price variations are analysed. This publication is one of the services delivered by the European Market Observatory for Fisheries and Aquaculture Products (EUMOFA). This edition is based on data available as of June 2021. The analyses included in this report do not take into account possible updates occurred in the sources used after this date. |
| UE026 | https://doi.org/10.2878/94903 | European Union Agency for the Space Programme | 2022 | EUSPA EO and GNSS Market Report. 2022 / Issue 1 | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/c7072179-1e9f-11ed-8fa0-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE | The European Union Agency for the Space Programme (EUSPA) and the European Commission (EC) welcome all readers to this first issue of the EUSPA EO and GNSS Market Report. Following two previous issues of the Copernicus Market Report by the EC and six previous issues of the EUSPA GNSS Market Report, this EO and GNSS Market Report combines the market and application insights of both into a single report that provides global coverage of the Earth Observation and Global Navigation Satellite System applications across multiple market segments. For those readers that are new to the report, the EUSPA EO and GNSS Market Report is a continuously evolving publication that builds on a similar structure and format used in previous issues. With the merger of both EO and GNSS into a single report, no less than 17 market segments are featured. The 17 market segments are the following: Agriculture / Aviation and Drones / Biodiversity, Ecosystems and Natural Capital / Climate Services / Consumer Solutions, Tourism and Health / Emergency Management and Humanitarian Aid / Energy and Raw Materials / Environmental Monitoring / Fisheries and Aquaculture / Forestry / Infrastructure / Insurance and Finance / Maritime and Inland Waterways / Rail / Road and Automotive / Space / Urban Development and Cultural Heritage. |
| UE027 | https://doi.org/10.2760/143313 | Joint Research Centre; Scientific, Technical and Economic Committee for Fisheries | 2020 | Evaluation of fishing effort regime in the Western Mediterranean. Part V (STEC-20-13) | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/935fdb67-4405-11eb-b59f-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE | Commission Decision of 25 February 2016 setting up a Scientific, Technical and Economic Committee for Fisheries, C(2016) 1084, OJ C 74, 26.2.2016, p. 4–10. The Commission may consult the group on any matter relating to marine and fisheries biology, fishing gear technology, fisheries economics, fisheries governance, ecosystem effects of fisheries, aquaculture or similar disciplines. This report is the fifth of a suite of STECF EWG reports dedicated to the fishing effort regime in the Western Mediterranean Sea, following EWG reports 18-09, 18-13, 19-01 and 19-14. The group was requested to progress to update mixed fisheries models and F-E analyses with the most recent data and the most recent stock assessments, to run a number of effort scenarios until 2025, to draft a mixed-fisheries advice including relevant scenarios and displays, and to discuss next steps. In EMU 1, good progresses were achieved in combining effort and catch data from both France and Spain into the bioeconomic multifleet model IAM. The model is now able to run and perform management simulations on the stocks of hake (combined assessment in GSAs 1-2-5-6-7), red mullet (in GSA 1, GSA 6 and GSA 7), striped red mullet (in GSA 5), Norway lobster (in GSA 6), and blue and red shrimp (combined assessement in GSAs 6-7). The updates of the F-E analyses performed in previous years with the most recent time series did not change the perception of the lack of relationship between fishing effort and fishing mortality. For many stocks and fleet segments, the relationship using effort expressed as fishing days has no obvious slope, indicating that the limited reduction of effort observed in the recent years did not have any visible effect on reducing fishing mortality yet. Extended simulation work was performed regarding management scenarios in EMU 2 (GSAs 8-9-10-11). The multi-fleet BEMTOOL model was updated with latest data and extended, and 8 scenarios involving effort reductions, combined with spatial closures, were simulated in a stochastic approach, where the area closure was implemented using the proportion of effort at spatial sub-unit, to calibrate an improvement of the exploitation pattern, based on an increase of the size at first capure. Also, the individual-based spatial model SMART was updated with 2019 data and the results of the two models were compared. Finally, a synthetic advice is proposed, summarising the key findings of the simulations. For most of the stocks in the two management units, none of the scenarios investigated allows reaching Fmsy (nor Fmsy upper) in 2025. Nevertheless, all scenarios involving substantial effort reductions foresee some positive effects on the biomass of the stocks even under the current poor levels of recruitment. Some economic results are presented, although it is acknowledged that given the large number of other species exploited beyond the key ones included in the management plan and in the simulation models, the actual socio-economic impact of the plan remains uncertain. Also, the economic results are presented considering a constant number of vessels, and would differ if the number of vessels is reduced. In the light of the F-E relationships analyses, all results presented in this report are considered to be overoptimistic since they assume a true reduction in F if effort decreases, which may in reality be more limited during the first years of effort reductions. |
| UE028 | https://doi.org/10.2815/458263 | European Union Institute for Security Studies | 2021 | African futures 2030 - Free trade, peace and prosperity | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/56a504b3-c413-11eb-a925-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE | This Chaillot Paper is the outcome of a Task Force on African Futures, launched in November 2019 by the EUISS in partnership with leading African and European research institutions. The Task Force identified the implementation of the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) as a key factor driving economic, technological and societal transformations in Africa in the next decade. Based on the premise that continental integration is critical for Africa’s economic recovery and future resilience, the publication portrays what an integrated and prosperous African continent could look like in 2030, thanks to the full implementation of the AfCFTA. It describes the pathways, milestones and initiatives that can lead to such a desirable scenario in 10 selected, cross-cutting areas, showing how coordinated policy action in these sectors is essential to achieve trade integration. In contrast, it also warns about what could happen if negative sectoral trends are not addressed, highlighting the perils and costs of inaction. Finally, it argues that integration under the AfCFTA can be a primary conduit for the strengthening of African multilateralism, and an antidote to proxy conflicts and depredation. |
| UE029 | https://doi.org/10.2771/793264 | Directorate-General for Maritime Affairs and Fisheries; Joint Research Centre | 2022 | The EU blue economy report 2022 | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/156eecbd-d7eb-11ec-a95f-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE | In its fifth edition, the EU Blue Economy Report continues to analyse the scope and size of the Blue Economy in the European Union. It aims at providing support to policymakers and stakeholders in the quest for a sustainable development of oceans, coastal resources and, most notably, to the development and implementation of polices and initiatives under the European Green Deal in line with the new approach for a sustainable Blue Economy. Through its economic evidence, the Report also seeks to serve as a source of inspiration to investors. |
| UE030 | https://doi.org/10.2826/278419 | AZTI; CEFAS; Executive Agency for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises; IEO; IPMA; MRAG; WMR | 2019 | Selecting ecosystem indicators for fisheries targeting highly migratory species - Final report | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/152d6214-6faa-11e9-9f05-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE | The purpose of this study is to provide the Directorate-General for Maritime Affairs and Fisheries (DG MARE) with: A list of ecosystem indicators (and guidance for associated reference points) to monitor impacts of fisheries targeting Highly Migratory Species (HMS). These indicators cover all ecological components of an EAFM, including target species, bycatch and threatened species, trophic relationships and habitats ; candidate ecological regions with meaningful ecological boundaries for HMS and its fisheries in order to facilitate the operationalisation of EAFM in marine pelagic ecosystems in the International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas (ICCAT) and Indian Ocean Tuna Commission (IOTC) ; an ecosystem plan using two ecoregions as case studies, one within the ICCAT convention area and one within the IOTC convention area. This ecosystem or EAFM plan has the main purpose of facilitating the linkage between ecosystem science and fisheries management ; recommendations to better link ecosystem indicators and management to foster the implementation of an EAFM. |
| UE031 | https://doi.org/10.2926/854134 | AZTI; CEFAS; CSIC; European Climate, Infrastructure and Environment Executive Agency; IEO; IPMA; IRD; MRAG-EU; WMR | 2023 | Improving environmental sustainability of deep sea fisheries with emphasis on the conservation of Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems (VMEs) - Final report | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/8a9b0297-3b24-11ee-bd8d-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE | The present specific study has the dual purpose of assessing and improving scientific data and advice, as well as relevant management measures, regarding the environmental sustainability of Deep Sea Fishing (DSF) and the conservation of Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems (VMEs). In addition, the ultimate objective of this contract is that the identified best practices shall inform and strengthen European Union (EU) policy choices, in particular in the context of its participation in Regional Fisheries Management Organizations (RFMOs), and provide a “model regulation” of VMEs, as well as in the context of any possible revision of Council Regulation (EC) No 734/20082. EASME/CINEA commissioned the AZTI led consortium (AZTI, CEFAS, CSIC, IEO, IPMA, IRD, MRAG-EU and WMR) for the Framework Contract EASME/EMFF/2019/014 for the "Provision of scientific advice for fisheries beyond EU waters". The present Final Report refers to the D9 of the Specific Contract (SC) Nº 01 under this framework, which title is “Improving environmental sustainability of deep sea fisheries with emphasis on the conservation of Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems (VMEs)”. This report provides the information and results of all the work carried out throughout the study. It includes the key content of all tasks and deliverables. In addition, the deliverables and relevant information from some sub-tasks have been included as annexes. The starting point for the development of this study are the outputs of previous initiatives (e.g. recent desk-based studies related to DSF management and VME conservation, EU research projects, etc.). In this regard, it is noteworthy that in 2018 the European Commission commissioned a specific study aiming at providing a comprehensive review and analysis of the scientific approaches adopted and in development by each of the RFMOs and RFBs that manage bottom-fishing activities. Its findings demonstrated the panoply of methodologies and criteria that are currently in place across RFMOs. This study (hereafter “SC08”) provides an appropriate starting point upon which to compare and contrast the performance of different RFMOs, with respect to DSF, and with a particular focus on the avoidance and mitigation measures designed to conserve and protect VMEs, species, habitats and biodiversity in the deep sea. |
| UE032 | https://doi.org/10.2771/896161 | Directorate-General for Maritime Affairs and Fisheries | 2023 | Faits saillants du mois. No. 8 / 2023 | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/233e8808-9fbd-11ee-b164-01aa75ed71a1/language-fr | UE | NA |
| UE033 | https://doi.org/10.2771/196367 | Directorate-General for Maritime Affairs and Fisheries | 2023 | Évaluation rétrospective et prospective du Protocole à l’accord de partenariat dans le domaine de la pêche entre l’Union européenne et la Guinée-Bissau - Rapport final | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/8cf785f5-6341-11ee-9220-01aa75ed71a1/language-fr | UE | Cette évaluation concerne le Protocole mettant en oeuvre pour la période 2019-2024 l’Accord de Partenariat dans le domaine de la Pêche (APP) entre l’Union européenne (UE) et la Guinée-Bissau signé en 2007 par les deux parties. Le Protocole prévoit des possibilités de pêche pour des navires chalutiers et thoniers de l’UE réparties en cinq catégories (poissonniers / céphalopodes, crevettiers, thoniers canneurs, thoniers senneurs et palangriers et navires de pêche aux petits pélagiques). La contrepartie financière payée par l’UE comprend un montant annuel de 11,6 millions EUR pour l’accès à la ressource et un montant spécifique de 4 millions EUR par an pour l’appui à la politique sectorielle de la Guinée-Bissau. Les armateurs de l’UE paient des redevances au titre des autorisations de pêche pour un montant annuel estimé de 4 millions EUR dans le Protocole. |
| UE034 | https://doi.org/10.2771/264668 | Directorate-General for Maritime Affairs and Fisheries; F&S; POSEIDON | 2024 | Évaluation rétrospective du Protocole de mise en œuvre de l’accord de partenariat dans le domaine de la pêche entre l’Union européenne et la République de Sao Tomé-et-Principe et prospective d’un éventuel futur protocole - Rapport final | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/55fcd1d2-132e-11ef-a251-01aa75ed71a1/language-fr | UE | Le Protocole de mise en oeuvre de l’accord de partenariat dans le secteur de la pêche (APP) conclu entre l’UE et la République de Sao Tomé-et-Principe, ci-après Sao Tomé-et-Principe, a une durée de 5 années : du 19 décembre 2019 au 18 décembre 2024. Il offre des possibilités de pêche pour 28 thoniers senneurs congélateurs et 6 palangriers de surface autorisés à cibler dans la zone de pêche santoméenne des espèces hautement migratrices : les thonidés et des espèces associées. Ces possibilités sont distribuées entre trois États membres : l’Espagne, la France, et le Portugal. |
| WOS001 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/25148486221111786 | Drakopulos, Lauren; Silver, Jennifer J.; Nost, Eric; Gray, Noella; Hawkins, Roberta | 2023 | Making global oceans governance in/visible with Smart Earth: The case of Global Fishing Watch | WOS | The number and variety of technologies used for environmental surveillance is expanding rapidly, making constant data collection and near ‘real time’ analyses possible. ‘Smart Earth’ describes networked infrastructures comprised of devices and equipment and signals to the human dimensions inherent to developing, deploying and putting technology and large datasets to use. In this paper, we situate Smart Earth in terms of technological products and human practices and consider the relationship between Smart Earth and global environmental governance. Specifically, we review emerging literature and present a case study of an organization founded by environmental non-profit, SkyTruth, tech industry behemoth, Google and marine conservation NGO, Oceana. Called ‘Global Fishing Watch’ (GFW), this organization builds geospatial datasets, hosts an online mapping platform where anyone with internet access can surveil various types of ocean-going vessels and shares data and map products with scientists and practitioners. Two critical points emerge through the case. First, we show that GFW expands its surveillance capacity by pursuing ‘data sharing’ partnerships with sovereign states, many in the Global South. Second, the maps and datasets produced by GFW link vessels to a ‘flag state’ while the firms, subsidiaries and financiers that may own and/or operate these vessels remain obscure – and hence so too does the political economy of oceans fisheries. GFW maps and datasets offer new approaches to tracking fishing and are advancing fisheries science. At the same time, they rely on and are only legible through hegemonic geopolitical and political–economic orders deeply implicated in industrial (over)fishing. The norms and domains of global environmental governance are expanding, but Smart Earth ‘solutions’ risk leaving the structural drivers of environmental change unaddressed. | |
| WOS002,GS035 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps13549 | Pereira, Jorge M.; Ramos, Jaime A.; Marques, Ana M.; Ceia, Filipe R.; Kruger, Lucas; Votier, Stephen C.; Paiva, Vitor H. | 2021 | Low spatial overlap between foraging shearwaters during the breeding season and industrial fisheries off the west coast of Portugal | GS,WOS | Fisheries have impacted seabird populations worldwide, either via bycatch mortality or resource depletion. Understanding the overlap between seabird distributions and fisheries is an important element for bycatch risk assessment, though the drivers of variation in seabird-fishery overlap are not well understood for some seabird populations. Here, we quantified the spatial overlap between foraging Cory's shearwaters Calonectris borealis during the breeding season and commercial fisheries operating within the Portuguese Exclusive Economic Zone. In addition, we evaluated whether overlap varied as a function of an individual's boldness, sex or breeding stage. For this, we GPS tracked 361 foraging trips by 72 Cory's shearwaters nesting at Berlenga Island, Portugal, over 5 consecutive breeding seasons (2012-2016). Simultaneously, we used fishing effort data from Global Fishing Watch detailing the distribution of industrial fisheries within the temporal and spatial range of Cory's shearwater tracks. Although fishing vessels were present during 88.1% of foraging trips, Cory's shearwaters spent only on average 13.3 % of the time foraging in the same areas as fisheries. Such low spatial overlap is likely driven by high prey availability near the colony and suggests low direct competition for resources. We also found variation in overlap with fisheries across the breeding period, with Cory's shearwaters spending approximately 11% more time foraging in the same areas as fixed gear and purse seine vessels during pre-laying than during chick-rearing. Surprisingly, no sex or boldness-related differences were found in the overlap with any fishing gear. Our findings have implications for understanding within population variation in the overlap between fisheries and seabirds and, in turn, bycatch risk. | |
| WOS003 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13224507 | He, Bin; Yan, Fengqin; Yu, Hao; Su, Fenzhen; Lyne, Vincent; Cui, Yikun; Kang, Lu; Wu, Wenzhou | 2021 | Global Fisheries Responses to Culture, Policy and COVID-19 from 2017 to 2020 | WOS | Global Fishing Watch (GFW) provides global open-source data collected via automated monitoring of vessels to help with sustainable management of fisheries. Limited previous global fishing effort analyses, based on Automatic Identification System (AIS) data (2017-2020), suggest economic and environmental factors have less influence on fisheries than cultural and political events, such as holidays and closures, respectively. As such, restrictions from COVID-19 during 2020 provided an unprecedented opportunity to explore added impacts from COVID-19 restrictions on fishing effort. We analyzed global fishing effort and fishing gear changes (2017-2019) for policy and cultural impacts, and then compared impacts of COVID-19 lockdowns across several countries (i.e., China, Spain, the US, and Japan) in 2020. Our findings showed global fishing effort increased from 2017 to 2019 but decreased by 5.2% in 2020. We found policy had a greater impact on monthly global fishing effort than culture, with Chinese longlines decreasing annually. During the lockdown in 2020, trawling activities dropped sharply, particularly in the coastal areas of China and Spain. Although Japan did not implement an official lockdown, its fishing effort in the coastal areas also decreased sharply. In contrast, fishing in the Gulf of Mexico, not subject to lockdown, reduced its scope of fishing activities, but fishing effort was higher. Our study demonstrates, by including the dimensions of policy and culture in fisheries, that large data may materially assist decision-makers to understand factors influencing fisheries' efforts, and encourage further marine interdisciplinary research. We recommend the lack of data for small-scale Southeast Asian fisheries be addressed to enable future studies of fishing drivers and impacts in this region. | |
| WOS005,GFW029 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00509 | Galbraith Eric D., Le Mézo Priscilla, Solanes Hernandez Gerard, Bianchi Daniele, Kroodsma David | 2019 | Growth Limitation of Marine Fish by Low Iron Availability in the Open Ocean | GFW,WOS | It is well-established that phytoplankton growth can be limited by the vanishingly low concentrations of dissolved iron found in large areas of the open ocean. However, the availability of iron is not typically considered an important factor in the ecology of marine animals, including fish. Here, we compile observations to show that the iron contents of lower trophic level organisms in iron-limited regions can be an order of magnitude less than the iron contents of most fish. Although this shortfall could theoretically be overcome if iron assimilation rates were very high in fish, observations suggest this is not the case, consistent with the high recommended iron contents for mariculture feed. In addition, we highlight two occurrences among fish living in iron-poor regions that would conceivably be beneficial given iron scarcity: the absence of hemoglobin in Antarctic icefish, and the anadromous life history of salmon. Based on these multiple lines of evidence, we suggest that the iron content of lower trophic level organisms can be insufficient to support many fish species throughout their life cycles in iron-poor oceanic regions. We then use a global satellite-based estimate of fishing effort to show that relatively little fishing activity occurs in high nitrate low chlorophyll (HNLC) regions, the most readily identified iron-poor domains of the ocean, particularly when compared to satellite-based estimates of primary production and the observed mesozooplankton biomass in those waters. The low fishing effort is consistent with a low abundance of epipelagic fish in iron-limited regions, though other factors are likely to contribute as well. Our results imply that the importance of iron nutrition extends well beyond plankton and plays a role in the ecology of large marine animals. | |
| WOS006 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2023.106730 | Parra, Hugo; Pham, Christopher K.; Machete, Miguel; Santos, Marco; Bjorndal, Karen A.; Vandeperre, Frederic | 2023 | The Portuguese industrial pelagic longline fishery in the Northeast Atlantic: Catch composition, spatio-temporal dynamics of fishing effort, and target species catch rates | WOS | The multispecific and highly dynamic nature of pelagic longline fisheries demands a holistic view that will likely benefit the development of effective management strategies. This study aims to provide an integrated perspective of the Portuguese longline fishery targeting swordfish Xiphias gladius and blue shark Prionace glauca in the Northeast Atlantic, regarding fishing dynamics, target species catches and associated bycatch. Data from 896 observed fishing sets (887,641 hooks) collected between 2015 and 2020 were used in a cluster analysis to group sets according to the target species. These sets were investigated for spatio-temporal patterns, and the rela-tionship between target species catches and environmental and operational characteristics were examined using generalized additive mixed models (GAMM). A total of 46,306 individuals from 54 species (30 fish, 11 sharks, 2 manta rays, 6 cetaceans, 2 sea turtles and 2 seabirds) were recorded. Swordfish and blue shark comprised over 88.3% of the total catch in numbers (33.6% and 54.7%, respectively). Overall, most of the fishing effort occurred west off mainland Portugal, congregated during autumn when vessels targeted mostly swordfish, and dispersed over the region during spring and summer, when vessels targeted mostly blue shark. The bycatch of sea turtles and a relatively higher diversity of bony fish species, yet low catch in terms of abundance, appeared more associated with sets identified as targeting swordfish. Recorded catch of tunas Thunnus spp. and pelagic sharks, such as the shortfin mako Isurus oxyrinchus and the porbeagle Lamna nasus, were more associated with blue shark sets. Bigeye thresher Alopias superciliosus, thresher Alopias vulpinus, pelagic stingray Pteroplatytrygon violacea and lancetfish Alepisauros ferox were found equally associated with both targeted species. Management strategies for the region are discussed in light of these new findings. | |
| WOS008 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/429/1/012051 | Lumban-Gaol, J.; Syah, A. F.; Arhatin, R. E.; Natih, N. M. N.; Nurholis; Kusumaningrum, E. E. | 2020 | Distribution of fishing vessels derived Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) Sensor and Vessel Monitoring System (VMS) in the Java Sea | WOS | We analyzed the distribution of Purse seine fishing vessels using fishing lamps derived from the Day/Night Band Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (DNB-VIIRS) sensor and Vessels Monitoring System (VMS) platform in the Java Sea. The data of fishing vessel distribution derived the DNB-VIIRS sensor and VMS platform was provided by NOAA Center for Environment Information and Global Fishing Watch respectively. The intensity of lights during the fishing operation was measured by a lux meter. The fishing vessel types that used light during fishing operations were small (< 15 units lamps) and large vessels (>15-unit lamps). The intensity of light in the big vessels (> 2,000 Lux) was higher than the small vessels (< 2,000 Lux). The average number of fishing vessels operating during the Southeast monsoon were more than those of the Northwest monsoon. The distribution of fishing vessels derived from the DNB-VIIRS sensor has a similar pattern with the VMS platform. Generally, the fishing vessels are concentrated along the southern coast of Borneo but in the Northwest monsoon shift towards the northwest of Java approaching the island of Sumatra. | |
| WOS009 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cobi.14224 | Navarro-Herrero, Leia; Saldanha, Sarah; Militao, Teresa; Vicente-Sastre, Diego; March, David; Gonzalez-Solis, Jacob | 2024 | Use of bird-borne radar to examine shearwater interactions with legal and illegal fisheries | WOS | Seabirds interact with fishing vessels to consume fishing discards and baits, sometimes resulting in incidental capture (bycatch) and the death of the bird, which has clear conservation implications. To understand seabird-fishery interactions at large spatiotemporal scales, researchers are increasing their use of simultaneous seabird and fishing vessel tracking. However, vessel tracking data can contain gaps due to technical problems, illicit manipulation, or lack of adoption of tracking monitoring systems. These gaps might lead to underestimating the fishing effort and bycatch rates and jeopardize the effectiveness of marine conservation. We deployed bird-borne radar detector tags capable of recording radar signals from vessels. We placed tags on 88 shearwaters (Calonectris diomedea, Calonectris borealis, and Calonectris edwardsii) that forage in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea and the Canary Current Large Marine Ecosystem. We modeled vessel radar detections registered by the tags in relation to gridded automatic identification system (AIS) vessel tracking data to examine the spatiotemporal dynamics of seabird-vessel interactions and identify unreported fishing activity areas. Our models showed a moderate fit (area under the curve >0.7) to vessel tracking data, indicating a strong association of shearwaters to fishing vessels in major fishing grounds. Although in high-marine-traffic regions, radar detections were also driven by nonfishing vessels. The tags registered the presence of potential unregulated and unreported fishing vessels in West African waters, where merchant shipping is unusual but fishing activity is intense. Overall, bird-borne radar detectors showed areas and periods when the association of seabirds with legal and illegal fishing vessels was high. Bird-borne radar detectors could improve the focus of conservation efforts. | |
| WOS015 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/d41586-021-02752-8 | Joo, Rocio | 2021 | Keep online option at conferences - it makes them more inclusive | WOS | Letter to the Editor | |
| WOS016 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/marpol.2019.103623 | Mullie, Wim C. | 2019 | Apparent reduction of illegal trawler fishing effort in Ghana's Inshore Exclusive Zone 2012-2018 as revealed by publicly available AIS data | WOS | Automatic Information System (AIS) derived information on sampled trawler fishing effort (hours fished) within Ghana's Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) was analysed for the period 2012-2018. Publicly available data were obtained from Global Fishing Watch (GFW) for the period 2012-2016 and for 2017 and 2018 (until 30 June) through a license granted to the author by GFW. Trawler intrusions in the Inshore Exclusion Zone (IEZ), which is reserved for small semi-industrial vessels, canoes and recreational fishing vessels, were extracted and hours fished per month and year calculated. Sampled trawler fishing effort within the IEZ as a percentage of total sampled trawling fishing effort within the EEZ decreased fourfold from 15.6% in 2012 to 3.8% in 2015. From 2015 to 2018 it remained stable at 4-5%. Concurrently a fourfold increase in sampled trawler fishing effort was apparent in patches of less than 30 m depth on the continental shelf. There is ambiguity, however, if these patches are covered by the Fisheries Act 625 (2002) of Ghana. Trawler intrusions were highest during the main (July-October) and minor (January-February) upwelling periods. Activities of the Fisheries Enforcement Unit unlikely reduced trawler intrusions into the IEZ, as this process was already ongoing for two years preceding its inauguration. However, the abrupt shift away from trawler fishing activity in the Central Region in 2014 might well have been caused by FEU activities. Coastal fishing communities complaining about trawler intrusions in the IEZ can profitably use AIS data to substantiate their claims and push the government for law enforcement and sanctions. | |
| WOS017 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2024.1355481 | Bichler, Gisela; Petrossian, Gohar A.; Viramontes, Kierston; Marteache, Nerea | 2024 | Detecting communities at high-risk of IUU fishing: networks of shadow encounters in Area 81 of the Western Central Pacific | WOS | Introduction Illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing is a serious environmental crime with severe economic, social, and security implications. Efforts to monitor IUU fishing could be enhanced by using patterns of at-sea transshipment of fish to detect illicit subgroups.Methods Using data from Global Fishing Watch, this study investigates repeat transshipment events among vessels observed to operate in the U.N. FAO Area 81 during 2015-2021. Ship-to-ship transfer networks mapping potential encounters among 30 refrigerated cargo vessels (carriers) and 613 fishing vessels exhibit distinct communities that extend beyond this region.Results Highly central, carriers associated with open registries (flags of convenience) and exhibiting high operational deficiencies form networks that shadow the activities of national fleets.Discussion Observed between group linkages among vessels draw attention to these parallel trade currents embedding regional activity into the larger fishing industry, providing a focus for monitoring and conservation efforts. | |
| WOS018 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adg3527 | Shea, Brendan D.; Gallagher, Austin J.; Bomgardner, Lindsay K.; Ferretti, Francesco | 2023 | Quantifying longline bycatch mortality for pelagic sharks in western Pacific shark sanctuaries | WOS | Marine protected areas are increasingly touted for their role in conserving large marine predators such as sharks, but their efficacy is debated. Seventeen "shark sanctuaries" have been established globally, but longline fishing continues within many such jurisdictions, leading to unknown levels of bycatch mortality levels. Using public data from Global Fishing Watch and Regional Fisheries Management Organizations, we quantified longline fishing within eight shark sanctuaries and estimated pelagic shark catch and mortality for seven pelagic shark species. Sanctuary mortality ranged from 600 individuals (Samoa) to 36,256 individuals (Federated States of Micronesia), equivalent to similar to 5% of hypothesized sustainable levels for blue sharks to similar to 40% for silky sharks, with high mortality levels in the Federated States of Micronesia, Palau, and the Marshall Islands. Unsustainable mortality rates were exceeded for silky sharks in two sanctuaries, highlighting a need for additional stock assessments and implementation of bycatch reduction measures. Big data integration workflows represent a transformative tool in fisheries management, particularly for data-poor species. | |
| WOS019 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12010032 | Ruiz, Javier; Caballero, Isabel; Navarro, Gabriel | 2020 | Sensing the Same Fishing Fleet with AIS and VIIRS: A Seven-Year Assessment of Squid Jiggers in FAO Major Fishing Area 41 | WOS | Global Fishing Watch and VIIRS-DNB (visible infrared imaging radiometer suite day/night band) signals are compared for the jigger fleet in FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations) Major Fishing Area 41 during the maximum feasible time span (2012-2018). Both signals have shown a high degree of consistency at all temporal and spatial scales analyzed, including seasonal cycles, lack of signal for some years and interannual tendencies. This indicates that both signals are a fair representation of the fishing effort exerted by the jigger fleet in this zone. The high degree of consistency does not support views questioning satellite AIS (automatic identification system) as a reliable tool to survey fishing activities. Instead, our results add evidence supporting the value of remote sensing, in particular, when independent sources of information (such as VIIRS-DNB and AIS) are combined, as a relevant tool to add transparency and support compliance of fishing activities in vast and distant regions of the ocean. | |
| WOS020 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/LGRS.2021.3084183 | Carlos, Hugo; Aranda, Ramon; Rivera-De Velasco, Mariana; Rodriguez-Gonzalez, Ansel Y.; Elena Mendez-Lopez, Maria | 2022 | Fishing Gear Pattern Recognition by Including Supervised Autoencoder Dimensional Reduction | WOS | Fishing is a crucial worldwide activity as it provides a source of food and economic income. A challenge in ecology and conservation is decreasing overfishing and illegal, unreported, and unregulated fishing (IUUF). One strategy to decrease those issues is to track vessels for detecting fishing behaviors through monitory systems. In this letter, we present an approach to classify fishing behaviors, specifically, for four fishing gear types (trawl, purse seine, fixed gear, and longline) using automatic identification systems (AISs) data from the Global Fishing Watch platform. Thus, our main contribution is how we propose data processing by including a supervised autoencoder dimensional reduction (SA-DR) processing data step. This step allows removing redundant features and noise, avoiding overfitting, decreasing data complexity, and preserving the differences between classes. Specifically, we propose to use IVIS and centroid encoder (CE) methods. The experimental results show how our approach applying SA-DR over the vessel trajectory feature representation reduces the variation results among different classifiers and achieves a high classification accuracy of up to 95%. This result could help prevent IUUF, overfishing, and improve fishery management strategies. | |
| WOS021,GS022 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps14195 | Clark BL,Irigoin-Lovera C,Gonzales-DelCarpio DD,Diaz-Santibañez I,Votier SC,Zavalaga CB | 2022 | Interactions between anchovy fisheries and Peruvian boobies revealed by bird-borne cameras and movement loggers | GS,WOS | Fisheries threaten marine predator populations through bycatch and competition for the same resources, but may also provide feeding opportunities. Understanding benefits and mitigating impacts, therefore, requires a detailed understanding of fishery interactions. The Humboldt Current system supports the world's largest single-species fishery (Peruvian anchoveta Engraulis ringens), along with abundant marine predators dependent on these forage fish, including seabirds. We combined bird-borne video cameras and GPS-acceleration-dive loggers to quantify the foraging behaviour of chick-rearing Peruvian boobies Sula variegata around Isla Macabi, Peru, in December 2020 and May 2021. Videos revealed that 18% of 77 Peruvian booby foraging trips included feeding at actively fishing purse seine vessels, diving in and around the nets. Most vessel interactions were close to the colony, and we found no difference in foraging effort (e.g. trip duration) between trips with and without vessel interactions. We recorded fishing effort in the foraging range of the colony using remotely sensed data from the vessel monitoring system accessed via Global Fishing Watch, finding more frequent interactions and catch depredation when fishing effort was high near the colony. We found no evidence that birds expended additional energy (e.g. dynamic body acceleration) or travelled to different locations to reach vessels. We emphasise the value of combining high-resolution movement and video loggers with remotely sensed fisheries data to monitor seabird-fishery interactions in detail, rather than just spatio-temporal overlap, and assess the potential for competition and bycatch. Threatened seabird populations may benefit from no-take zones or reduced fishing effort in core foraging areas of colonies. | |
| WOS022 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2022.03.127 | Shanthi, T. S.; Dheepanbalaji, L.; Priya, R.; Kumar, V. D. Ambeth; Kumar, Abhishek; Sindhu, P.; Kumar, Ankit | 2022 | Illegal fishing, anomalous vessel behavior detection through automatic identification system | WOS | Border cross fishing and illegal fishing are big problems around the world. Observations show, there are many records for intensive and often illegal fishing of West Africa's waters by Asian and European hasty that reduce the regular catch for the native people. They are in poverty levels and then illegal fishing impacts rare spices and life in the oceans and threatens the food supply of coastal communities. This paper aims to reduce and decline illegal fishing and cross fishing. Automatic Identification System (AIS) which is collected by satellites and terrestrial receivers, to identify distinct fishing behavior based on the movement of vessels over time. Using the Automatic tracking System (ATS) or AIS each vessels periodically reports information including the Vessel's identity, type, positions, speed Navigational status and other safety-related information By tracking ship moments, the data is receivers by the Global Fishing watch (GFW) the result will be GFW Detector the vessel's location. Frequently analyst and terminate the illegal fishing and monitor vessel moments in the oceans. Copyright (C) 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. | |
| WOS023,GS013 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3416389 | Coro G,Pavirani L,Ellenbroek A | 2024 | Extracting Mediterranean Hidden Fishing Hotspots Through Big Data Mining | GS,WOS | Monitoring fishing activity is crucial for fisheries management and governments to ensure regulatory compliance and sustainable marine ecosystems. Analysing vessel movements provides insights into fishing dynamics, aiding decision-making. Additionally, measuring unmonitored fishing activity (hidden fishing) helps counteract the underestimation of fishing pressure. Big data analysis can reveal fishing patterns and hidden activities from vessel position and speed data, such as those transmitted by fleets carrying Automatic Identification Systems (AIS). We used an Open Science-compliant (reproducible, repeatable, and reusable) cloud computing-based big data analysis to estimate the manifest, total, and hidden fishing distributions of AIS-carrying vessels in the Mediterranean Sea from 2017 to 2022, processing about 1.6 billion vessel speed and position data. We estimated the principal hotspots of hidden fishing over the years and the potentially involved stocks from these data. We also assessed whether the hotspots corresponded to illegal fishing or AIS communication issues and concluded that most hotspots potentially corresponded to illegal fishing. Our manifest fishing distribution agreed with another produced through machine learning by the Global Fishing Watch. We developed a fast and reusable approach that can produce new information to help management authorities understand the extent of hidden fishing. | |
| WOS024 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10113-023-02139-7 | Demirel, Nazli; Akoglu, Ekin; Yildiz, Taner | 2023 | Shifts in the pelagic fishery dynamics in response to regional sea warming and fishing in the Northeastern Mediterranean | WOS | Understanding the dynamics of pelagic fish fluctuations is crucial to ecosystem well-being and sustainable fishery. Here, inter- and intra-annual landing dynamics of small and medium pelagic fish were delineated between 2000 and 2022 in the landlocked Sea of Marmara. Time series of environmental variables and fisheries landings were analyzed for their trends and inter-correlations. Results showed that variations in the landings of small and medium pelagic fish in the Sea of Marmara had strong seasonality and were very likely affected by fishing effort, and sea surface temperature regimes. During the study period, landings of anchovy, bonito and bluefish, and net primary production showed no significant trends. On the other hand, Mediterranean horse mackerel had a significant decreasing trend, while sardine landings and the sea surface temperature (0.05 +/- 0.01 degrees C/y-1) had a significant increasing trend. Analysis of the duration of the fishing period in a given fishing season showed that reaching 90% of the landings (L90) for anchovy, sardine, and Mediterranean horse mackerel shifted almost one month earlier, and for bonito, L90 showed no change for larger ones, but extended almost one month for small individuals. The multiple linear regression models indicated that the landing dynamics of small and medium pelagic fish were also influenced by the prey-predator relations in the food web. Exploiting anchovy stocks would likely have consequences on the dynamics of bonito and bluefish stocks, and exploiting bonito and bluefish stocks would have a cascading trophic impact on small pelagic fish catches. This study highlights the necessity of adaptive management measures for fisheries under regional sea warming conditions, and a one-and-a-half-month delay in the opening time of the fishing season, thus shortening its duration is strictly recommended. | |
| WOS025 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40152-024-00351-7 | Rudolph, Terence Adam | 2024 | Seeing like an algorithm: the limits of using remote sensing to link vessel movements with worker abuse at sea | WOS | The ship tracking and mapping capabilities that geospatial technology provides create an opportunity to observe fishing vessels as they move through established maritime boundaries. This paper connects data availability to ground-truthing research and explores the limits of vessel movement mapping in representing worker abuse at sea through three related themes. First, a conceptual background links the advancements in maritime remote sensing to critical GIS scholarship and provides a background on worker abuse aboard Taiwanese fishing vessels. Second, the paper examines the potential of machine learning algorithms to represent worker abuse at sea, arguing that more extensive ground-truthing research with workers could help address variations in the data and limited data sets. Third, I use remote sensing data to identify and unpack Taiwanese fishing across the three EEZs with the most concentrated Taiwanese fishing activity: starting with Taiwan, followed by the Falkland Islands, and Seychelles. I argue that fishing activity and the digital representation of vessel movements are governed by terrestrial geopolitics and subject to manipulation by ship captains. Finally, the conclusion offers recommendations for how future research can capitalize on the capabilities of AIS, particularly with respect to addressing problems of working conditions and abuse at sea. | |
| WOS027 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13073769 | Thoya, Pascal; Maina, Joseph; Moellmann, Christian; Schiele, Kerstin S. | 2021 | AIS and VMS Ensemble Can Address Data Gaps on Fisheries for Marine Spatial Planning | WOS | Spatially explicit records of fishing activities' distribution are fundamental for effective marine spatial planning (MSP) because they can help to identify principal fishing areas. However, in numerous case studies, MSP has ignored fishing activities due to data scarcity. The vessel monitoring system (VMS) and the automatic identification system (AIS) are two commonly known technologies used to observe fishing activities. However, both technologies generate data that have several limitations, making them ineffective when used in isolation. Here, we evaluate both datasets' limitations and strengths, measure the drawbacks of using any single dataset and propose a method for combining both technologies for a more precise estimation of the distribution of fishing activities. Using the Baltic Sea and the North Sea-Celtic Sea regions as case studies, we compare the spatial distribution of fishing effort from International Council for the Exploration of the Seas (ICES) VMS data and global fishing watch AIS data. We show that using either dataset in isolation can lead to a significant underestimation of fishing effort. We also demonstrate that integrating both datasets in an ensemble approach can provide more accurate fisheries information for MSP. Given the rapid expansion of MSP activities globally, our approach can be utilised in data-limited regions to improve cross border spatial planning. | |
| WOS028 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.798893 | Petrossian, Gohar A.; Barthuly, Bryce; Sosnowski, Monique C. | 2022 | Identifying Central Carriers and Detecting Key Communities Within the Global Fish Transshipment Networks | WOS | To effectively monitor fisheries resources and combat illegal, unreported, and unregulated fishing, human labor exploitation onboard fishing vessels amongst other crimes, such as the trafficking of weapons, humans, and narcotics, it is important that more attention is paid to the likely facilitators of these activities, one of these being at-sea transshipment of fish. Even though transshipment is a common practice that has taken place for decades, little is known about the overall networks, operational practices, and global spatial patterns of the central actors involved in such activities. This research aims to fill that knowledge gap by understanding the networks of activities of the actors who play a central role in these global transshipment activities. Using data from Global Fishing Watch on global transshipment events that took place between 2015 and 2020, this research (a) identifies the central carriers involved in transshipment events, (b) visualizes their networks of activities and interactions with fishing vessels, (c) examines the spatial distribution of their activities; and (d) determines whether these vessels use open-registry flags when engaging in transshipments, and if so, which. In exploring the role that central actors play within networks of transshipments, targeted mechanisms can be designed to better monitor such activities. | |
| WOS029 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41208-023-00646-2 | Demirci, Sevil | 2024 | The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Iskenderun Bay fishery, Northeastern Mediterranean, Turkey | WOS | Fishing vessels were struggling to be economically sustainable during the COVID-19 pandemic, as the changes and challenges posed by the pandemic will adversely affect the economic performance of fishing vessels. This study is undertaken to analyze all changes in the fish landing, fishing effort, fish prices, and fishing costs together with sectoral dynamics for trawl and purse seine vessels. Fishing effort data was collected from the Global Fishing Watch website, and the amount of landing catches prices, and fishing costs data were collected from the field. According to the results, the decrease in demand for fresh fish during the COVID-19 pandemic and the difficulty in supplying this fresh product further increased the economic difficulties of fishing vessel owners in 2020. This short-term economic hardship due to the COVID-19 pandemic has prevented many fishing boats from continuing their fishing activities, leading them to cease operations and even sell their boat and fishing licenses to major fish traders. In the meantime, the negative situation in favor of fishing traders rather than fishing vessel owners has emerged even more strikingly. If this economic imbalance in fisheries is not properly managed, the ecosystem, especially fish stocks, and some stakeholders of fisheries, will continue to be negatively affected. | |
| WOS030 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15112911 | Tsuda, Masaki E.; Miller, Nathan A.; Saito, Rui; Park, Jaeyoon; Oozeki, Yoshioki | 2023 | Automated VIIRS Boat Detection Based on Machine Learning and Its Application to Monitoring Fisheries in the East China Sea | WOS | Remote sensing is essential for monitoring fisheries. Optical sensors such as the day-night band (DNB) of the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) have been a crucial tool for detecting vessels fishing at night. It remains challenging to ensure stable detections under various conditions affected by the clouds and the moon. Here, we develop a machine learning based algorithm to generate automatic and consistent vessel detection. As DNB data are large and highly imbalanced, we design a two-step approach to train our model. We evaluate its performance using independent vessel position data acquired from on-ship radar. We find that our algorithm demonstrates comparable performance to the existing VIIRS boat detection algorithms, suggesting its possible application to greater temporal and spatial scales. By applying our algorithm to the East China Sea as a case study, we reveal a recent increase in fishing activity by vessels using bright lights. Our VIIRS boat detection results aim to provide objective information for better stock assessment and management of fisheries. | |
| WOS031 | http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/rev.biol.trop..v71i1.53174 | Cubero-Pardo, Priscilla; Castro-Azofeifa, Cesar; Chavarria-Chaves, Juan B.; Vargas-Bolanos, Christian; Corrales-Garro, Francini | 2023 | Foreign fishing fleets in the Costa Rican Pacific and their overlap with oceanic protected areas, the fishing zoning, and the Thermal Dome | WOS | Introduction: Until today, the fishing effort by foreign fleets in the Costa Rican Pacific has not been analyzed.Objective: To determine the spatial distribution of the fishing effort of those fleets, variables that shape that distribution, and if they interact with management figures and highly fragile ecosystems.Methods: Using fishing effort data from 2012 to 2020, obtained from Global Fishing Watch, an Index of Fishing Effort (IEP) was calculated to apply geospatial and multivariate statistics, as well as multiple regression models. A grid with 55 905 cells of 0.10 degrees was used to apply Hot Spot Analysis, and another grid with 24 176 cell-year-month analysis units of 0.25 degrees was used to apply a Linear Regression Model.Results: The data reveals the fishing activity of international fleets associated with four types of fishing gear, and a wide coverage of a high IEP by two fleets throughout the nine years analyzed. The IEP is primarily associated with location and varies by month and year. There is also relative evidence that its influenced by the concentration of oxygen and nitrates.Conclusions: International fleets come into direct conflict with officially defined zones for national fleets and disrespect protected oceanic areas and a declared non-fishing zone to protect marine resources in the Costa Rican Pacific. Their activities in the Dome may affect a national yellowfin tuna fishery. | |
| WOS032 | Paolo, Fernando S.; Lin, Tsu-Ting Tim; Gupta, Ritwik; Goodman, Bryce; Patel, Nirav; Kuster, Daniel; Kroodsma, David; Dunnmon, Jared | 2022 | xView3-SAR: Detecting Dark Fishing Activity Using Synthetic Aperture Radar Imagery | WOS | Unsustainable fishing practices worldwide pose a major threat to marine resources and ecosystems. Identifying vessels that do not show up in conventional monitoring systems-known as "dark vessels"-is key to managing and securing the health of marine environments. With the rise of satellite-based synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging and modern machine learning (ML), it is now possible to automate detection of dark vessels day or night, under all-weather conditions. SAR images, however, require a domain-specific treatment and are not widely accessible to the ML community. Maritime objects (vessels and offshore infrastructure) are relatively small and sparse, challenging traditional computer vision approaches. We present the largest labeled dataset for training ML models to detect and characterize vessels and ocean structures in SAR imagery. xView3-SAR consists of nearly 1,000 analysis-ready SAR images from the Sentinel-1 mission that are, on average, 29,400-by-24,400 pixels each. The images are annotated using a combination of automated and manual analysis. Co-located bathymetry and wind state rasters accompany every SAR image. We also provide an overview of the xView3 Computer Vision Challenge, an international competition using xView3-SAR for ship detection and characterization at large scale. We release the data (https://iuu.xview.us/) and code (https://github.com/DIUx-xView) to support ongoing development and evaluation of ML approaches for this important application. | ||
| WOS033 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0278481 | Staebler, Moritz; Letschert, Jonas; Fujitani, Marie; Partelow, Stefan | 2022 | Fish grabbing: Weak governance and productive waters are targets for distant water fishing | WOS | Distant water fishing occurs worldwide as foreign fleets fish in the exclusive economic zones (EEZs) of other states. We test the hypothesis that host state governance performance is an explanatory factor in observed distant water fishing effort using Global Fishing Watch's fishing effort data obtained from vessels' automatic identification system (AIS). We examine the explanatory power of the World Governance Indicators (WGI), Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita, and biophysical fisheries productivity indicators (temperature, oxygen, salinity, nutrients, and primary productivity) on fishing effort from foreign fleets across the four most common gear types (fixed gear, longliners, trawlers, and tuna purse seiners). Our models include both host EEZ fishery productivity indicators and governance indicators with R-2 values of 0.97 for longlining, 0.95 trawling, 0.95 for fixed gear and 0.82 for tuna purse seiners. Although a lack of good governance may enable illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing, the United Nations Convention of the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) has enabled the legal establishment of foreign fishing contracts. However, it is unlikely that fishing contracts are decoupled from economic and political negotiations on other issues. We argue that it is worthwhile to consider the term "fish grabbing", meaning wealthier and politically more powerful states consciously seek to profit from fishing in the waters of often weaker states through developing legal fishing contracts. | |
| WOS035 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11030353 | Snapir, Boris; Waine, Toby W.; Biermann, Lauren | 2019 | Maritime Vessel Classification to Monitor Fisheries with SAR: Demonstration in the North Sea | WOS | Integration of methods based on satellite remote sensing into current maritime monitoring strategies could help tackle the problem of global overfishing. Operational software is now available to perform vessel detection on satellite imagery, but research on vessel classification has mainly focused on bulk carriers, container ships, and oil tankers, using high-resolution commercial Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imagery. Here, we present a method based on Random Forest (RF) to distinguish fishing and non-fishing vessels, and apply it to an area in the North Sea. The RF classifier takes as input the vessel's length, longitude, and latitude, its distance to the nearest shore, and the time of the measurement (am or pm). The classifier is trained and tested on data from the Automatic Identification System (AIS). The overall classification accuracy is 91%, but the precision for the fishing class is only 58% because of specific regions in the study area where activities of fishing and non-fishing vessels overlap. We then apply the classifier to a collection of vessel detections obtained by applying the Search for Unidentified Maritime Objects (SUMO) vessel detector to the 2017 Sentinel-1 SAR images of the North Sea. The trend in our monthly fishing-vessel count agrees with data from Global Fishing Watch on fishing-vessel presence. These initial results suggest that our approach could help monitor intensification or reduction of fishing activity, which is critical in the context of the global overfishing problem. | |
| WOS039 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2022.105262 | Dunkley, Frith; Solandt, Jean-Luc | 2022 | Windfarms, fishing and benthic recovery: Overlaps, risks and opportunities | WOS | The UK is a leading nation in the development of large offshore wind energy installations (OWFs). Since 2000, the UK has installed 2610 turbines covering over 2000 km2 of UK seas. As these sites overlap with historic fishing grounds as well as Marine Protected Areas it is important to understand the relationship between the presence of these OWFs and fishing activity to assess the extent to which OWFs could act as de facto MPAs with respect to fisheries management, providing other environmental impacts are mitigated. We assessed the extent to which the fishing activity of vessels using bottom-contacting mobile gears (trawls, dredges and demersal seines) were impacted by the construction of 12 offshore windfarms in the UK EEZ. Using publicly available Global Fishing Watch fishing effort data, we found fishing rate from vessels using bottom-towed gear was reduced by 77 % following OWF construction in 11 of the 12 sites studied. A decline in bottom-towed fishing activity was recorded in OWFs where turbines were constructed in a densely aggregated patch, and an increase in fishing activity where turbines were positioned as several distinct aggregated patches within the site. We conclude that bottomtowed fishing activity is affected by turbine layout, with OWFs likely offering some protection to the benthic environment from bottom-towed gear. We suggest this reduction in bottom-towed fishing provides space for colocation opportunities and note that consultations on domestic MPA designations should involve offshore wind stakeholders in terms of OWF 'co-location' with and 'avoidance' of MPAs. | |
| WOS040 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2023.106673 | Parra, Hugo; Machete, Miguel; Santos, Marco; Bjorndal, Karen A.; Vandeperre, Frederic | 2023 | Incidental capture of sea turtles in the Northeast Atlantic Portuguese pelagic longline fishery | WOS | Incidental catch or bycatch of sea turtles by pelagic longline fisheries is a major concern worldwide. The Northeast Atlantic hosts key foraging and developmental areas for oceanic juvenile loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) originating mainly from the Southeastern USA and Cape Verde. This region may be one of the most heavily fished areas by pelagic longline for which no recent assessments of fisheries interactions exist. We analysed fishery observer data collected between 2015 and 2020 to assess sea turtle bycatch by Portuguese commercial longliners targeting swordfish (Xiphias gladius) and blue shark (Prionace glauca) in the Northeast Atlantic. A total of 177 sea turtles interacted with the gear during the 896 fishing sets (887,641 hooks) moni-tored. Loggerheads (n = 139) ranging between 32 and 78 cm curved carapace length (CCL) were caught at a rate of 0.152 turtles per 1000 hooks, and leatherbacks (Dermochelys coriacea; n = 38) between 100 and 210 cm estimated length at a rate of 0.043 turtles per 1000 hooks. Loggerhead and leatherback bycatch shows a clear seasonal pattern in the region. At haul-back mortality rates of oceanic-stage juvenile loggerheads was estimated at 26% whereas no at haul-back mortality was registered for leatherback turtles. Model estimates, based on AIS derived fishing effort from Global Fishing Watch, indicate a total of 1439 interactions (552-3069 BCI) for log-gerhead, and 604 interactions (262-1129 BCI) for leatherback turtles between 2016 and 2020. Information from this study is essential to support effective management strategies for sea turtle conservation in the Northeast Atlantic. | |
| WOS041 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2021.105925 | White, Easton R.; Baker-Medard, Merrill; Vakhitova, Valeriia; Farquhar, Samantha; Ramaharitra, Tendro Tondrasoa | 2022 | Distant water industrial fishing in developing countries: A case study of Madagascar | WOS | As industrial vessels continue to expand in both extractive capacity and spatial range, concerns have grown over foreign industrial fishing occurring within the marine territories of developing countries, both legally and illegally. Madagascar's status as a "least developed country", coupled with its high marine biodiversity, makes its waters particularly susceptible to fishing by distant water fishing nations (DWFNs). However, given constraints in management and research, it is unclear how foreign industrial fishing, both legal via foreign agreements and illegal, may impact local marine resources that many coastal communities depend on for food security, cultural meaning and livelihoods. We used satellite-derived fishing effort data from 2012 to 2020, via Global Fishing Watch, to analyze industrial fishing effort occurring within Madagascar's Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ). We documented 907,643 h of industrial fishing within the Madagascar EEZ across 277 vessels from 17 different countries. We found that Taiwanease vessels (39.8%) using drifting longlines and Malagasy (17.2% shrimp trawlers were the most prevalent. Fishing effort was highly seasonal (68% of effort between October and February) and increased with higher global fish prices and the Indian Ocean Dipole, which is a measure of regional water temperature cycles. We also found a number of instances (17.6% of the fishing effort for 170,726 total hours) of foreign fishing vessels operating close to shore and within a number of marine protected areas. These results highlight the need for increased transparency surrounding foreign fishing agreements and unauthorized fishing within the waters of developing countries. Increases in industrial fishing effort and encroachment into near-shore areas has the potential to severely threaten current sustainable fisheries management initiatives by conservation organizations and coastal communities. | |
| WOS042 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rsma.2024.103632 | Cappa, Paolo; Andreoli, Vania; Krueger, Kai; Barrie, Shannon; La, Charlotte; Zeller, Dirk | 2024 | Estimating fisheries catch from space: Comparing catch estimates derived from AIS fishing effort with reported catches for Indian Ocean industrial fisheries | WOS | Indian Ocean Rim countries (IOR) rely on fisheries for socio-economic well-being and food security. Monitoring fisheries equipped with Automatic Identification Systems (AIS) enables the evaluation of fishing activities. However, only small fractions of large vessels use AIS, and increasingly vessels are avoiding or circumventing AIS use. We used Global Fishing Watch AIS fishing effort data for 2018-2020, combined with independently derived gear- and country-specific catch rates to estimate catch volumes by AIS equipped industrial vessels in the Indian Ocean. We compared these estimates to the catches reported by countries to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), which represent global accountability. Results suggest that AIS-equipped industrial vessels caught an average of 400,000 t center dot year(-1), of which 57% was by Distant-Water Fishing (DWF) vessels from countries outside the region. Spain, France and South Korea had AIS derived catch estimates substantially lower than catches officially reported by these countries, suggesting these vessels may turn off AIS transponders to potentially elude detection either by authorities or for other operational reasons. In contrast, Taiwan and China had 6 and 4 times more AIS estimated catches than they reported to the FAO. This suggests that these countries may not meet their international reporting obligations. Underreporting fisheries catches undermines management efforts and contributes to the unsustainable use of marine resources. Our study revealed an important role AIS technology can play in estimating fishing activities in the Indian Ocean, despite its currently limited adoption and the increasing evasion tactics by some fleets. Discrepancies between AIS-derived catch estimates and officially reported data underline the challenges in fisheries monitoring and enforcement, and highlight the lack of compliance enforcement by many flag countries. | |
| WOS043 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40163-024-00210-0 | Petrossian, Gohar A.; Pires, Stephen F.; Spencer, M. Dylan; Cohen, Noah D. | 2024 | An empirical assessment of seaports as facilitators of FOC-flagged transshipment landings | WOS | Transshipment is one of the most common activities occurring between carriers and fishing vessels to exchange fish, as well as fuel, crew, and gear at sea or at port. While transshipment reduces the need for the fishing vessels to visit ports to offload their catches, thus increasing their efficiency, research has shown that this activity is also one of the major facilitators of IUU fishing. Research on transshipments is limited, and the few studies that are available on the subject focus on identifying hotspots of transshipment, and networks of actors involved. No study to date has examined the role ports play in facilitating transshipment activities, nor are there any studies that examine whether ports that are affiliated with China (the country with the highest IUU Fishing Index Score and 38% of the global share of distant-water fleets) are more likely to experience disproportionately higher volumes of FOC-flagged carrier vessel visits. Therefore, using the carrier vessel portal database from Global Fishing Watch, which contains information on the origin and destination ports of the carrier vessels involved in transshipment activities between 2015 and 2022, this research aims to (a) understand hot spots of FOC-flagged carrier vessel activity in the high seas and where such vessels offload their catches around the world; and (b) empirically test the characteristics of the ports (and the countries where these ports are located) used by these vessels to offload their catches. Findings suggest that ports that experience higher volumes of fishing vessel traffic, are in close proximity to high-seas transshipment activities involving FOC-flagged carriers, are designated ports of entry for foreign vessels, are Chinese-affiliated, as well as have low monitoring, control, and surveillance capacity are significantly more likely to be visited by FOC-flagged high-risk carrier vessels. This research proposes policy recommendations deriving from the findings of this research. | |
| WOS044 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cobi.14114 | Barbour, Nicole; Shillinger, George L. L.; Gurarie, Eliezer; Hoover, Aimee L. L.; Gaspar, Philippe; Temple-Boyer, Julien; Candela, Tony; Fagan, William F. F.; Bailey, Helen | 2023 | Incorporating multidimensional behavior into a risk management tool for a critically endangered and migratory species | WOS | Conservation of migratory species exhibiting wide-ranging and multidimensional behaviors is challenged by management efforts that only utilize horizontal movements or produce static spatial-temporal products. For the deep-diving, critically endangered eastern Pacific leatherback turtle, tools that predict where turtles have high risks of fisheries interactions are urgently needed to prevent further population decline. We incorporated horizontal-vertical movement model results with spatial-temporal kernel density estimates and threat data (gear-specific fishing) to develop monthly maps of spatial risk. Specifically, we applied multistate hidden Markov models to a biotelemetry data set (n = 28 leatherback tracks, 2004-2007). Tracks with dive information were used to characterize turtle behavior as belonging to 1 of 3 states (transiting, residential with mixed diving, and residential with deep diving). Recent fishing effort data from Global Fishing Watch were integrated with predicted behaviors and monthly space-use estimates to create maps of relative risk of turtle-fisheries interactions. Drifting (pelagic) longline fishing gear had the highest average monthly fishing effort in the study region, and risk indices showed this gear to also have the greatest potential for high-risk interactions with turtles in a residential, deep-diving behavioral state. Monthly relative risk surfaces for all gears and behaviors were added to South Pacific TurtleWatch (SPTW), a dynamic management tool for this leatherback population. These modifications will refine SPTW's capability to provide important predictions of potential high-risk bycatch areas for turtles undertaking specific behaviors. Our results demonstrate how multidimensional movement data, spatial-temporal density estimates, and threat data can be used to create a unique conservation tool. These methods serve as a framework for incorporating behavior into similar tools for other aquatic, aerial, and terrestrial taxa with multidimensional movement behaviors. | |
| WOS046,GS020 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2020.107051 | Morgan, Nicole B.; Baco, Amy R. | 2021 | Recent fishing footprint of the high-seas bottom trawl fisheries on the Northwestern Hawaiian Ridge and Emperor Seamount Chain: A finer-scale approach to a large-scale issue | GS,WOS | A standing data gap for management of high-seas seamounts of the Northwestern Hawaiian Ridge and Emperor Seamounts (ES-NHR) by the North Pacific Fisheries Commission is the footprint of fisheries activities on these seamounts. Using satellite AIS data and the algorithms of the publicly available Global Fishing Watch database, a spatial map of trawling in a 0.01-degree latitude by 0.01-degree longitude square grid was created to review the data available to map this footprint. From 2012 to 2018 much of the trawling effort for all countries focused on Koko, Yuryaku, Kammu, and Colahan Seamounts at depths between 400 m (summits) and the depth limit currently set by the North Pacific Fisheries Commission of 1500 m. Additional seamounts with fishing activity included Annei (North Koko), Kinmei, Jingu, and Suiko. The remaining ES-NHR seamount locations show no trawling in those years. Bottom contact fishing was predominately carried out by ships with flag states of Japan and Korea. To date there appears to be compliance with the recent small-scale closures on C-H seamount and Koko. An additional source of data comes from scientific Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) surveys in 2014 and 2015 from three of these seamounts, in which scars from bottom contact gear are readily visible. These cover a smaller spatial area and depth range than the satellite data, but indicate the full footprint is not encompassed by the satellite data, suggesting either the fishing footprint is not fully captured by the AIS approach or that the footprint has shifted through time. AUV surveys also provide data on areas where abundant megafauna occur, which can provide candidate starting points for VME management efforts and further closures, similar to ones already in effect in the ES-NHR. The combination of satellite and AUV data provide a finer-scale fisheries footprint for this region that can aid in management of these sites. | |
| WOS047 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fishes8100530 | Fei, Yingjie; Yang, Shenglong; Huang, Mengya; Wu, Xiaomei; Yang, Zhenzhen; Zhao, Jiangyue; Tang, Fenghua; Fan, Wei; Yuan, Sanling | 2023 | Evaluating Suitability of Fishing Areas for Squid-Jigging Vessels in the Northwest Pacific Ocean Derived from AIS Data | WOS | Understanding the spatial distribution of fishing activity and suitable fishing areas is important for improving sustainable fisheries management and protecting vulnerable fish stocks. To identify climate-related habitat changes and variations in the distribution of fishing activity for squid-jigging vessels in the Northwest Pacific Ocean, two types (weighted arithmetic mean method, weighted-AMM; weighted geometric mean method, weighted-GMM) of habitat suitability index (HSI) models were developed in this study with marine environmental data at different depths. The boosted regression tree (BRT) model was adopted to access the monthly important environmental variables and the relative influence of the corresponding variables. The results showed that the weighted-AMM has better prediction performance than the weighted-GMM. The suitable fishing areas showed significant seasonal changes in both spatial location and coverage area. The hotspot map showed that the suitable fishing area for squid-jigging vessels was located in the scope of 42(degrees) N similar to 44(degrees) N, 155(degrees) E similar to 170(degrees) E throughout the year during 2012 similar to 2019, which suggests that high squid-jigging fishing pressure should be given more attention in fishery management. The HSI model also had good prediction performance for the fishery data of Chinese companies, except for June and July. Additionally, fishing efforts could be used as alternative data for fishery research. The study has also suggested that fishery data are restricted by spatial and temporal distribution and fishing experience, which probably biases the results of the research. | |
| WOS048 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0282374 | Chinacalle-Martinez, Nicole; Hearn, Alex R.; Boerder, Kristina; Posada, Juan Carlos Murillo; Lopez-Macias, Jean; Penaherrera-Palma, Cesar R. | 2024 | Fishing effort dynamics around the Galápagos Marine Reserve as depicted by AIS data | WOS | The waters around the Galapagos Marine Reserve (GMR) are important fishing grounds for authorized artisanal vessels fishing within the reserve as well as for national and foreign industrial fleets operating in the wider Ecuadorian Insular Exclusive Economic Zone (IEEZ). Although it was not originally designed for fisheries management, Automatic Identification System (AIS) data provides useful, open access, near real-time and high-resolution information that allows for increased monitoring, particularly around Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) and in Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction. This study uses AIS data provided by Global Fishing Watch to assess the spatial distribution and seasonal dynamics of fishing effort by vessel flag within the GMR and the IEEZ from 2012 to 2021. Based on kernel density estimation analysis, we determinate the core-use areas (50%) and spatial extent (95%) of fishing activities by fleets (Ecuadorian and foreign), gear types and seasons (warm, from December to May; and cold, from June to November). Our results show that the Ecuadorian fleet recorded the most observed fishing hours in the study area, with 32,829 hours in the IEEZ and 20,816 hours within the GMR. The foreign flags with the most observed fishing hours in the IEEZ were Panama (3,245 hours) and Nicaragua (2,468.5 hours), while in the GMR were the 'Unknown flag' (4,991.4 hours) and Panama (133.7 hours). Vessels fished employing different fishing gears, but the waters of the GMR and IEEZ were mostly targeted by tuna purse-seiners and drifting longlines. The spatial distribution of the fishing effort exhibits marked seasonal variability, likely influenced by seasonal migrations of target species such as tunas (e.g., Thunnus albacares, T. obesus and Katsuwonus pelamis), marlins (e.g., Makaira nigricans) and sharks (e.g., Alopias pelagicus). The collection and use of this type of spatial and seasonal information is an essential step to understand the dynamics of fishing activities in national waters and improve fisheries management, particularly in less studied areas and fisheries. | |
| WOS050,GFW001 | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-06825-8 | Paolo, Fernando; Kroodsma, David; Raynor, Jennifer; Hochberg, Tim; Davis, Pete; Cleary, Jesse; Marsaglia, Luca; Orofino, Sara; Thomas, Christian; Halpin, Patrick | 2024 | Satellite mapping reveals extensive industrial activity at sea | GFW,WOS | The world's population increasingly relies on the ocean for food, energy production and global trade1-3, yet human activities at sea are not well quantified4,5. We combine satellite imagery, vessel GPS data and deep-learning models to map industrial vessel activities and offshore energy infrastructure across the world's coastal waters from 2017 to 2021. We find that 72-76% of the world's industrial fishing vessels are not publicly tracked, with much of that fishing taking place around South Asia, Southeast Asia and Africa. We also find that 21-30% of transport and energy vessel activity is missing from public tracking systems. Globally, fishing decreased by 12 +/- 1% at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 and had not recovered to pre-pandemic levels by 2021. By contrast, transport and energy vessel activities were relatively unaffected during the same period. Offshore wind is growing rapidly, with most wind turbines confined to small areas of the ocean but surpassing the number of oil structures in 2021. Our map of ocean industrialization reveals changes in some of the most extensive and economically important human activities at sea. Satellite imagery, vessel GPS data and deep-learning models are used to map industrial fishing vessel activities missing from public tracking systems and changes in offshore energy infrastructure in the world's coastal waters during 2017-2021. | |
| WOS052,GFW013,GS016 | https://doi.org/10.1111/faf.12555 | Mi-Ling Li, Yoshitaka Ota, Philip J. Underwood, Gabriel Reygondeau, Katherine Seto, Vicky W. Y. Lam, David Kroodsma, William W. L. Cheung | 2021 | Tracking industrial fishing activities in African waters from space | GFW,GS,WOS | Marine fisheries in African waters contribute substantially to food security and local economies in African coastal nations. Recently, there are growing concerns about the sustainability of living marine resources in these countries' exclusive economic zones (EEZs) due to increased risks from climate change, pollution and potential over-exploitation of fisheries resources by non-African (foreign) countries. To effectively manage fishing activities and sustain marine resources in African waters, we need useful tools for characterizing the fishing activities in African waters. Here, we assess the utility of the Automatic Identification System (AIS) derived data for describing the spatial characteristics of African and foreign industrial fishing activities within the EEZs of African coastal nations. The results show that the AIS-derived spatial pattern of industrial fishing activities in African waters is consistent with that of industrial catches derived from the Sea Around Us database. Across African EEZs, the spatial correlations between primary productivity and fishing effort highly vary by gear types, which emphasizes the importance of investigating specific fishing strategies when studying the effects of bottom-up drivers on fishing effort. We find an EEZ-specific spatial pattern for fishing efforts across African waters and identify some socioeconomic, political and geographic factors that likely affect the decision of fleets to fish in specific African EEZs. We conclude that AIS-derived fishing data can be a useful complementary tool for characterizing the spatial pattern of industrial fishing efforts in African waters. | |
| WOS053 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2023.1152226 | Coro, Gianpaolo; Sana, Lorenzo; Ferra, Carmen; Bove, Pasquale; Scarcella, Giuseppe | 2023 | Estimating hidden fishing activity hotspots from vessel transmitted data | WOS | Monitoring fishery activity is essential for resource planning and guaranteeing fisheries sustainability. Large fishing vessels constantly and continuously communicate their positions via Automatic Identification System (AIS) or Vessel Monitoring Systems (VMSs). These systems can use radio or Global Positioning System (GPS) devices to transmit data. Processing and integrating these big data with other fisheries data allows for exploring the relations between socio-economic and ecosystem assets in marine areas, which is fundamental in fishery monitoring. In this context, estimating actual fishing activity from time series of AIS and VMS data would enhance the correct identification of fishing activity patterns and help assess regulations' effectiveness. However, these data might contain gaps because of technical issues such as limited coverage of the terrestrial receivers or saturated transmission bands. Other sources of data gaps are adverse meteorological conditions and voluntary switch-offs. Gaps may also include hidden (unreported) fishing activity whose quantification would improve actual fishing activity estimation. This paper presents a workflow for AIS/VMS big-data analysis that estimates potential unreported fishing activity hotspots in a marine area. The workflow uses a statistical spatial analysis over vessel speeds and coordinates and a multi-source data integration approach that can work on multiple areas and multiple analysis scales. Specifically, it (i) estimates fishing activity locations and rebuilds data gaps, (ii) estimates the potential unreported fishing hour distribution and the unreported-over-total ratio of fishing hours at a 0.01 degrees spatial resolution, (iii) identifies potential unreported fishing activity hotspots, (iv) extracts the stocks involved in these hotspots (using global-scale repositories of stock and species observation data) and raises an alert about their possible endangered, threatened, and protected (ETP) status. The workflow is also a free-to-use Web Service running on an open science-compliant cloud computing platform with a Web Processing Service (WPS) standard interface, allowing efficient big data processing. As a study case, we focussed on the Adriatic Sea. We reconstructed the monthly reported and potential unreported trawling activity in 2019, using terrestrial AIS data with a 5-min sampling period, containing similar to 50 million records transmitted by similar to 1,600 vessels. The results highlight that the unreported fishing activity hotspots especially impacted Italian coasts and some forbidden and protected areas. The potential unreported activity involved 33 stocks, four of which were ETP species in the basin. The extracted information agreed with expert studies, and the estimated trawling patterns agreed with those produced by the Global Fishing Watch. | |
| WOS056 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0281646 | Roux, Jerome; Bez, Nicolas; Rochet, Paul; Joo, Rocio; Mahevas, Stephanie | 2023 | Graphlet correlation distance to compare small graphs | WOS | Graph models are standard for representing mutual relationships between sets of entities. Often, graphs deal with a large number of entities with a small number of connections (e.g. social media relationships, infectious disease spread). The distances or similarities between such large graphs are known to be well established by the Graphlet Correlation Distance (GCD). This paper deals with small graphs (with potentially high densities of connections) that have been somewhat neglected in the literature but that concern important fora like sociology, ecology and fisheries, to mention some examples. First, based on numerical experiments, we study the conditions under which Erds-Renyi, Fitness Scale-Free, Watts-Strogatz small-world and geometric graphs can be distinguished by a specific GCD measure based on 11 orbits, the GCD(11). This is done with respect to the density and the order (i.e. the number of nodes) of the graphs when comparing graphs with the same and different orders. Second, we develop a randomization statistical test based on the GCD(11) to compare empirical graphs to the four possible null models used in this analysis and apply it to a fishing case study where graphs represent pairwise proximity between fishing vessels. The statistical test rules out independent pairing within the fleet studied which is a standard assumption in fisheries. It also illustrates the difficulty to identify similarities between real-world small graphs and graph models. | |
| WOS057,GFW008 | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2022.106265 | Silva, Juan A.; Rivera-Hechem, Maria Ignacia; Hong, Corinna; Clawson, Gage; Hoover, Barbara Rose; Butera, Thomas; Oyanedel, Rodrigo; McDonald, Gavin; Jakub, Raymond; Muawanah, Umi; Zulham, Armen; Baihaki, Aki; Costello, Christopher | 2022 | Assessing the drivers of vessel tracking systems adoption for improved small-scale fisheries management | GFW,WOS | The use of vessel tracking systems (VTS) on small-scale fishing vessels can provide data necessary for improved fisheries management. Nevertheless, the adoption of mandated VTS is still limited in small-scale fisheries given the hardship of establishing and enforcing vessel tracking regulations in this fishing sector. However, there is potential for incentivizing voluntary adoption of tracking programs in small-scale vessels. We surveyed smallscale fishers from Indonesia (n = 124) and Mexico (n = 87) to identify which attributes and conditions increase the likelihood of adoption of VTS programs. The survey included a choice experiment to elicit fishers' preferences over attributes of safety, privacy, and data ownership of hypothetical VTS programs along with a bidding game to gauge fishers' willingness to pay. Our results indicated that most fishers in Indonesia and Mexico are willing to pay for VTS programs. VTS programs that included a safety feature were preferred over those that did not. Fishers also indicated that they would prefer VTS programs that provide ownership of the data to fishers or the government instead of the industry or the public. Additionally, we found that individual fisher characteristics are strongly related to willingness to pay and are better predictors of fishers' willingness to pay than the program attributes. Understanding which VTS programs are more likely to be adopted, and by whom, is crucial to uncover the potential of this technology in informing small-scale fisheries management and supporting resource governance. | |
| WOS058 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2023.105751 | Hosch, Gilles; Miller, Nathan A.; Yvergniaux, Yann; Young, Elaine; Huntington, Tim | 2023 | IUU safe havens or PSMA ports: A global assessment of port State performance and risk | WOS | The 2009 Port State Measures Agreement (PSMA) was the first legally binding international instrument to empower port States to deny foreign vessels suspected of having engaged in illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing from using their ports and to land catches. This paper builds upon previous work analyzing 2020 AIS data to rank fishing ports globally and assessing evolving port State risk and port States performance in PSMA implementation. Internal and external indicators were identified to highlight the port States at risk of becoming exposed to IUU fishing transactions. This paper includes an analysis of designated port use, a key requirement of PSMA implementation. The paper also establishes an ongoing methodological framework for port associated IUU risk assessment using the outputs as a benchmark against which follow-up trend analyses are planned, the next using 2023 data. Port rankings evolved because of continued AIS adoption, port State business diversification and Covid-19 related disruptions. 3% of commercial port calls globally are made by foreign vessels. Globally, internal port State risk has dropped, while external risk has increased, the former driven by parties to the PSMA, and the latter by PSMA non-parties. Higher-risk fleets are now diverting to PSMA non-parties. The findings underline the transformational nature of the Agreement. Overall port State risk correlates more strongly with quality of governance than with national income. The paper finds that the PSMA's designated port entry rule for foreign vessels is currently weakly applied in advanced economies whilst it is more strongly applied across the developing world. | |
| WOS060 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/facets-2021-0122 | Bryndum-Buchholz, A.; Boerder, K.; Stanley, R. R. E.; Hurley, I; Boyce, D. G.; Dunmall, K. M.; Hunter, K. L.; Lotze, H. K.; Shackell, N. L.; Worm, B.; Tittensor, D. P. | 2022 | A climate-resilient marine conservation network for Canada | WOS | Climate change and biodiversity loss are twin crises that are driving global marine conservation efforts. However, if unaccounted for, climate change can undermine the efficacy of such efforts. Despite this, integration of climate change adaptation and resilience into spatial marine conservation and management has been limited in Canada and elsewhere. With climate change impacts becoming increasingly severe, now is the time to anticipate and reduce impacts wherever possible. We provide five recommendations for an inclusive, proactive, climate-ready approach for Canada's growing marine conservation network: (1) integrating climate-resilience as a universal objective of the Canadian Marine Conservation Network, creating and implementing (2) national transdisciplinary working groups with representation from all knowledge holders and (3) necessary tools that integrate climate change into conservation design, (4) defining operational and climate-relevant monitoring and management objectives, and (5) strengthening communication and increasing knowledge exchange around the roles and benefits of protected areas within government and towards the public. Canada's extensive marine and coastal areas reflect national and international responsibility to engage on this issue. Canada is well positioned to assume a leading role in climate change adaptation for marine conservation and help accelerate progress towards international commitments around mitigating ongoing biodiversity loss and climate change. [GRAPHICS] . | |
| WOS061 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-22184-2 | Hitt, Nicholas T.; Sinclair, Daniel J.; Neil, Helen L.; Fallon, Stewart J.; Komugabe-Dixson, Aimee; Fernandez, Denise; Sutton, Philip J.; Hellstrom, John C. | 2022 | Natural cycles in South Pacific Gyre strength and the Southern Annular Mode | WOS | The South Pacific Gyre (SPG) plays a vital role in regulating Southern Hemisphere climate and ecosystems. The SPG has been intensifying since the twentieth century due to changes in large scale wind forcing. These changes result from variability in the Southern Annular Mode (SAM), causing warming along the eastern SPG which affects local ecosystems. However, our understanding of SPG variability on timescales greater than several decades is poor due to limited observations. Marine sediment cores are traditionally used to determine if recent ocean trends are anomalous, but rarely capture centennial variability in the southwest Pacific and limit our understanding of SPG variability. Here we capture centennial SPG dynamics using a novel high-resolution paleocirculation archive: radiocarbon reservoir ages (R) and local reservoir corrections ( increment R) in SPG deep-sea black corals. We find black coral R and increment R correlates with SAM reconstructions over 0-1000 cal BP and 2000-3000 cal BP. We propose this correlation indicates varying transport of well-ventilated subtropical waters resulting from SPG and SAM interactions. We reconstruct several 'spin up' cycles reminiscent of the recent gyre intensification, which has been attributed to anthropogenic causes. This implies gyre strength and SAM show natural co-variability on anthropogenic timescales which should factor into future climate projections. | |
| WOS062,GS031 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/csp2.12926 | Iacarella, Josephine C.; Burke, Lily; Clyde, Georgia; Wicks, Adam; Clavelle, Tyler; Dunham, Anya; Rubidge, Emily; Woods, Paul | 2023 | Application of AIS- and flyover-based methods to monitor illegal and legal fishing in Canada's Pacific marine conservation areas | GS,WOS | New approaches are required to undertake the substantial task of monitoring ongoing fishing activity in marine conservation areas to ensure conservation goals are achieved. To address this need, we applied previously developed, yet currently underused, vessel tracking methods based on Automatic Identification System (AIS) and aerial surveillance ("flyovers") to Canada's Pacific marine conservation areas from 2012 to 2019. We used satellite and terrestrial-based AIS receivers and flyover-based visual observations to estimate illegal and legal fishing activity after 185 conservation area (CA) enactments (i.e., static, geographically defined areas with fishing regulations). We compared the effectiveness in detecting fishing activity between the AIS- and flyover-based methods, and used the latter to determine that 93% of vessels were actively fishing in CAs without AIS. The AIS-based method still detected 3303 h of fishing in CAs after enactment, and both methods estimated 22%-24% of fishing activity in CAs was illegal. The application of these methods also shed light on the complexity of fishing regulations across CAs (i.e., varying and CA-specific restrictions). This highlighted the need to better align vessel tracking fishing gear classifications with CA regulation specifications, and conversely to simplify regulations (e.g., no-take), for more accurate monitoring and evaluation moving forward. | |
| WOS063 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heares.2022.108679 | Zeyl, Jeffrey N.; Snelling, Edward P.; Clusella-Trullas, Susana; Joo, Rocio | 2023 | Scaling of ear morphology across 127 bird species and its implications for hearing performance | WOS | The dimensions of auditory structures among animals of varying body size can have implications for hear-ing performance. Larger animals often have a hearing range focused on lower frequencies than smaller animals, which may be explained by several anatomical mechanisms in the ear and their scaling relation-ships. While the effect of size on ear morphology and hearing performance has been explored in some mammals, anurans and lizards, much less is known about the scaling relationships for the single-ossicle, internally-coupled ears of birds. Using micro-and nano-CT scans of the tympanic middle and inner ears of 127 ecologically and phylogenetically diverse bird species, spanning more than 40 0-fold in head mass (2.3 to 950 g), we undertook phylogenetically-informed scaling analyses to test whether 12 morphological traits, of functional importance to hearing, maintain their relative proportions with increasing head mass. We then extended our analysis by regressing these morphological traits with measures of hearing sensi-tivity and range to better understand morphological underpinnings of hearing performance. We find that most auditory structures scale together in equal proportions, whereas columella length increases dispro-portionately. We also find that the size of several auditory structures is associated with increased hearing sensitivity and frequency hearing limits, while head mass did not explain these measures. Although both birds and mammals demonstrate proportional scaling between auditory structures, the consequences for hearing in each group may diverge due to unique morphological predictors of auditory performance.(c) 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. | |
| WOS064,GFW021 | https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abb1197 | Park, Jaeyoon; Lee, Jungsam; Seto, Katherine; Hochberg, Timothy; Wong, Brian A.; Miller, Nathan A.; Takasaki, Kenji; Kubota, Hiroshi; Oozeki, Yoshioki; Doshi, Sejal; Midzik, Maya; Hanich, Quentin; Sullivan, Brian; Woods, Paul; Kroodsma, David A. | 2020 | Illuminating dark fishing fleets in North Korea | GFW,WOS | Illegal, unreported, and unregulated fishing threatens resource sustainability and equity. A major challenge with such activity is that most fishing vessels do not broadcast their positions and are "dark" in public monitoring systems. Combining four satellite technologies, we identify widespread illegal fishing by dark fleets in the waters between the Koreas, Japan, and Russia. We find >900 vessels of Chinese origin in 2017 and >700 in 2018 fished illegally in North Korean waters, catching an estimated amount of Todarodes pacificus approximating that of Japan and South Korea combined (>164,000 metric tons worth >$440 million). We further find similar to 3000 small-scale North Korean vessels fished, mostly illegally, in Russian waters. These results can inform independent oversight of transboundary fisheries and foreshadow a new era in satellite monitoring of fisheries. | |
| WOS065,GS019,GFW026 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/faf.12436 | Belhabib, Dyhia; Cheung, William W. L.; Kroodsma, David; Lam, Vicky W. Y.; Underwood, Philip J.; Virdin, John | 2020 | Catching industrial fishing incursions into inshore waters of Africa from space | GFW,GS,WOS | Small-scale fisheries contribute substantially to the sustainability of coastal communities by providing livelihood and economic opportunities and ensuring food security. However, their geographic range of operation overlaps with that of industrial fisheries, increasing the resource competition, risk of vessel collision and inter-sector conflicts, while jeopardizing the sustainability of fish stocks. When industrial vessels venture into waters that are reserved to artisanal fisheries, their operations become illegal. In Africa, the extent of such operations, beyond their legal implications, has resulted in severe economic, food security and maritime safety issues. In this paper, we use automatic identification system data derived from satellite technology to predict fishing operations and find that industrial fleets spend 3%-6% of their time fishing within inshore areas reserved for small-scale fisheries between 2012 and 2016, of the total 4.2 million industrial fishing hours within the Exclusive Economic Zones of African countries. We assessed the total fishing effort by this form of illegal fishing operations at 166 million kWhours at least out of 4.9 billion kWhours in total. We discuss this dangerous form of illegal fishing, which often results in deadly collisions with small-scale sector operators, increases competition and conflicts over fisheries access, threatens the sustainability of fish stocks, and calls for better governance, and protection. | |
| WOS066 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40462-022-00322-9 | Joo, Rocio; Picardi, Simona; Boone, Matthew E.; Clay, Thomas A.; Patrick, Samantha C.; Romero-Romero, Vilma S.; Basille, Mathieu | 2022 | Recent trends in movement ecology of animals and human mobility | WOS | Movement is fundamental to life, shaping population dynamics, biodiversity patterns, and ecosystem structure. In 2008, the movement ecology framework (MEF Nathan et al. in PNAS 105(49):19052-19059, 2008) introduced an integrative theory of organismal movement-linking internal state, motion capacity, and navigation capacity to external factors-which has been recognized as a milestone in the field. Since then, the study of movement experienced a technological boom, which provided massive quantities of tracking data of both animal and human movement globally and at ever finer spatio-temporal resolutions. In this work, we provide a quantitative assessment of the state of research within the MEF, focusing on animal movement, including humans and invertebrates, and excluding movement of plants and microorganisms. Using a text mining approach, we digitally scanned the contents of> 8000 papers from 2009 to 2018 available online, identified tools and methods used, and assessed linkages between all components of the MEF. Over the past decade, the publication rate has increased considerably, along with major technological changes, such as an increased use of GPS devices and accelerometers and a majority of studies now using the R software environment for statistical computing. However, animal movement research still largely focuses on the effect of environmental factors on movement, with motion and navigation continuing to receive little attention. A search of topics based on words featured in abstracts revealed a clustering of papers among marine and terrestrial realms, as well as applications and methods across taxa. We discuss the potential for technological and methodological advances in the field to lead to more integrated and interdisciplinary research and an increased exploration of key movement processes such as navigation, as well as the evolutionary, physiological, and life-history consequences of movement. | |
| WOS069 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adl5528 | Welch, Heather; Clavelle, Tyler; White, Timothy D.; Cimino, Megan A.; Kroodsma, David; Hazen, Elliott L. | 2024 | Unseen overlap between fishing vessels and top predators in the northeast Pacific | WOS | Accurate assessments of human-wildlife risk associated with industrial fishing are critical for the conservation of marine top predators. Automatic Identification System (AIS) data provide a means of mapping fishing and estimating human-wildlife risk; however, risk can be obscured by gaps in the AIS record due to technical issues and intentional disabling. We assessed the extent to which unseen fishing vessel activity due to AIS gaps obscured estimates of overlap between fishing vessel activity and 14 marine predators including sharks, tunas, mammals, seabirds, and critically endangered leatherback turtles. Among vessels equipped with AIS in the northeast Pacific, up to 24% of total predator overlap with fishing vessel activity was unseen, and up to 36% was unseen for some individual species. Waters near 10 degrees N had high unseen overlap with sharks yet low reported shark catch, revealing potential discrepancies in self-reported datasets. Accounting for unseen fishing vessel activity illuminates hidden human-wildlife risk, demonstrating challenges and solutions for transparent and sustainable marine fisheries. | |
| WOS070 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2024.1369447 | Lippi, Simona; Piroddi, Chiara; Graziano, Mariagrazia; Di Franco, Antonio | 2024 | Highlighting the gap on spatial regulatory data in the official MPAs databases | WOS | Marine protected areas (MPAs) are a cornerstone for conserving marine ecosystems. Legal instruments and directives have been put in place to foster conservation of species and habitats; among all, the development and implementation of a coherent network of effective MPAs. Spatial information on management measures and on regulated, forbidden or allowed activities are fundamental to understand the actual role of MPAs and to support/guide policy decisions. The shortage of standardized geospatial information on MPA management, governance features, and human uses hinders policy makers' ability to make informed decisions regarding the designation, implementation and evaluation of marine associated policies. This policy brief aims to stimulate international actions to enable researchers and decision-makers accessing data for policy development, marine/maritime spatial planning and decision-making processes. | |
| WOS071 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/esr01251 | Good, S. D.; Gummery, M.; McLennan, S.; Dewar, K.; Votier, S. C.; Phillips, R. A. | 2023 | Evaluating the appropriateness of risk-based approaches to assess the sustainability of fishery impacts on seabirds | WOS | Many seabird populations are declining, with fisheries bycatch as one of the greatest threats. Explicit risk criteria should be used to identify whether bycatch is a problem for particular species and fisheries, but these are often poorly defined. A variety of methods are used to determine the risk that a specific fishery is having an unsustainable impact on a seabird population. Up until October 2022, the Marine Stewardship Council (MSC) applied a general semi-quantitative productivity susceptibility analysis (PSA), a tool that has also been used widely by other management agencies for diverse taxa. Given the need to ensure fisheries risk assessments are robust and consistent, we examined how general PSAs perform when applied in 2 situations with good information on both the seabird population and fisheries bycatch rates and compare the outputs with those from 2 accessible and more quantitative tools: potential biological removal and population viability analysis. We found that risk scoring using the previous MSC version of the PSA was less robust and precautionary than using other approaches, given the steep declines observed in some seabird breeding populations. We make recommendations on how to select attributes for species-specific PSAs and, depending on the data available, identify the most appropriate risk assessment method to achieve a given objective. These should help ensure more consistent assessment and prioritisation of seabird bycatch issues, and improved ecosystem-based management of fisheries. | |
| WOS072,GFW031 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0216819 | Jérôme Guiet , Eric Galbraith, David Kroodsma, Boris Worm | 2019 | Seasonal variability in global industrial fishing effort | GFW,WOS | Human beings are the dominant top predator in the marine ecosystem. Throughout most of the global ocean this predation is carried out by industrial fishing vessels, that can now be observed in unprecedented detail via satellite monitoring of Automatic Identification System (AIS) messages. The spatial and temporal distribution of this fishing effort emerges from the coupled interaction of ecological and socio-economic drivers and can therefore yield insights on the dynamics of both the ecosystem and fishers. Here we analyze temporal variability of industrial fishing effort from 2015-2017 as recorded by global AIS coverage, and differentiated by fishing gear type. The strongest seasonal signal is a reduction of total deployed effort during the annual fishing moratorium on the numerically-dominant Chinese fleet, which occurs during boreal summer. An additional societally-controlled reduction of effort occurs during boreal winter holidays. After accounting for these societal controls, the total deployed effort is relatively invariant throughout the year for all gear types except squid jiggers and coastal purse seiners. Despite constant deployment levels, strong seasonal variability occurs in the spatial pattern of fishing effort for gears targeting motile pelagic species, including purse seiners, squid jiggers and longliners. Trawlers and fixed gears target bottom-associated coastal prey and show very little overall seasonality, although they exhibit more seasonal variation at locations that are further from port. Our results suggest that societal controls dominate the total deployment of fishing effort, while the behavior of pelagic fish, including seasonal migration and aggregation, is likely the most prominent driver of the spatial seasonal variations in global fishing effort. | |
| WOS073,GS026,GFW018 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2020.104200 | Seto K,Miller N,Young M,Hanich Q | 2022 | Toward transparent governance of transboundary fisheries: The case of Pacific tuna transshipment | GFW,GS,WOS | Transparency is one of the most influential themes in global environmental governance, however it has received limited treatment in transboundary fisheries. Transparency is essential to ensure officials are held accountable for the use of public resources and the achievement of environmental objectives, such as sustainable harvest. Here, we use a case study approach to assess transparency in transboundary fisheries governance, evaluating transshipment in the Western and Central Pacific Ocean, one of the world's most abundant and lucrative fisheries. Transshipment at sea occurs extensively in these fisheries, but often lacks strong monitoring and oversight, and has been associated with illegal or illicit activities. However, actors that rely heavily on transshipment at sea maintain that it can be a legitimate part of the fish commodity chain, under effective regulation. Here we assess whether at-sea transshipment in one of the most regulated and visible fisheries in the world is traceable, verifiable, and legal. Using AIS data and qualitative information from regional and sub-regional sources, we find that 68% of observed potential transshipments remain unsubstantiated even after triangulating with diverse data. We identify three primary areas for improving traceability and transparency of transshipment at sea in the WCPO, and suggest that transparency is ultimately hindered less by technical or administrative constraints, but by tensions between the actors and objectives within management institutions. Increased transparency, and a focus on the underlying dynamics that inhibit it, is necessary to ensure effective conservation and management of transboundary fish stocks, now and in the future. | |
| WOS074,GFW007 | https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abq2109 | Welch, Heather; Clavelle, Tyler; White, Timothy D.; Cimino, Megan A.; Van Osdel, Jennifer; Hochberg, Timothy; Kroodsma, David; Hazen, Elliott L. | 2022 | Hot spots of unseen fishing vessels | GFW,WOS | Illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing incurs an annual cost of up to US$25 billion in economic losses, results in substantial losses of aquatic life, and has been linked to human rights violations. Vessel tracking data from the automatic identification system (AIS) are powerful tools for combating IUU, yet AIS transponders can be disabled, reducing its efficacy as a surveillance tool. We present a global dataset of AIS disabling in commercial fisheries, which obscures up to 6% (>4.9 M hours) of vessel activity. Disabling hot spots were located near the exclusive economic zones (EEZs) of Argentina and West African nations and in the Northwest Pacific, all regions of IUU concern. Disabling was highest near transshipment hot spots and near EEZ boundaries, particularly contested ones. We also found links between disabling and location hiding from competitors and pirates. These inferences on where and why activities are obscured provide valuable information to improve fisheries management. | |
| WOS075 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsab068 | Joo, Rocio; Bez, Nicolas; Etienne, Marie-Pierre; Marin, Pablo; Goascoz, Nicolas; Roux, Jerome; Mahevas, Stephanie | 2021 | Identifying partners at sea from joint movement metrics of pelagic pair trawlers | WOS | Here, we present an approach to identify partners at sea based on fishing track analysis, and describe this behaviour in several fleets: pelagic pair trawlers, large and small bottom otter trawlers, mid-water otter trawlers, all in the North-East Atlantic Ocean, anchovy purse-seiners in the South-East Pacific Ocean, and tuna purse-seiners in the western Indian Ocean. This type of behaviour is known to exist within pair trawlers, since these vessels are in pairs at least during their fishing operations. To identify partners at sea, we used a heuristic approach based on joint-movement metrics computed from vessel monitoring system data and Gaussian mixture models. The models were fitted to joint-movement metrics of the pelagic pair trawlers, and subsequently used to identify partners at sea in other fleets. We found partners at sea in all of the fleets except for the tuna purse-seiners. We then analysed the connections between vessels and identified exclusive partners. Exclusiveness was more common in pelagic pair trawlers and small bottom otter trawlers, with 82% and 74% of the vessels involved in partnerships having exclusive partners. This work shows that there are collective tactics at least at a pairwise level in diverse fisheries in the world. | |
| WOS076 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.13968 | Gillies, Natasha; Weimerskirch, Henri; Thorley, Jack; Clay, Thomas A.; Lopez, Lucia Martina Martin; Joo, Rocio; Basille, Mathieu; Patrick, Samantha C. | 2023 | Boldness predicts plasticity in flight responses to winds | WOS | Behavioural plasticity can allow populations to adjust to environmental change when genetic evolution is too slow to keep pace. However, its constraints are not well understood. Personality is known to shape individual behaviour, but its relationship to behavioural plasticity is unclear. We studied the relationship between boldness and behavioural plasticity in response to wind conditions in wandering albatrosses (Diomedea exulans). We fitted multivariate hidden Markov models to an 11-year GPS dataset collected from 294 birds to examine whether the probability of transitioning between behavioural states (rest, prey search and travel) varied in response to wind, boldness and their interaction. We found that movement decisions varied with boldness, with bolder birds showing preferences for travel, and shyer birds showing preferences for search. For females, these effects depended on wind speed. In strong winds, which are optimal for movement, females increased time spent in travel, while in weaker winds, shyer individuals showed a slight preference for search, while bolder individuals maintained preference for travel. Our findings suggest that individual variation in behavioural plasticity may limit the capacity of bolder females to adjust to variable conditions and highlight the important role of behavioural plasticity in population responses to climate change. | |
| WOS077 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0276623 | Laura Dans, Silvana; Agustin Luzenti, Elvio; Alberto Coscarella, Mariano; Joo, Rocio; Degrati, Mariana; Soledad Curcio, Nadia | 2022 | Seasonal variation and group size affect movement patterns of two pelagic dolphin species (Lagenorhynchus obscurus and Delphinus delphis) | WOS | Movement is a key factor in the survival and reproduction of most organisms with important links to bioenergetics and population dynamics. Animals use movement strategies that minimize the costs of locating resources, maximizing energy gains. Effectiveness of these strategies depends on the spatial distribution, variability and predictability of resources. The study of fine-scale movement of small cetaceans in the pelagic domain is limited, in part because of the logistical difficulties associated with tagging and tracking them. Here we describe and model the fine-scale movement patterns of two pelagic dolphin species using georeferenced movement and behavioral data obtained by tracking dolphin groups on board small vessels. Movement patterns differed by species, group sizes and seasons. Dusky dolphin groups moved shorter distances when feeding and longer distances when traveling whereas the common dolphin did the same only when they moved in large groups. In summer, both dolphins cover longer distances in a more linear path, while in winter the movement is more erratic and moving shorter distances. Both species of dolphins prey on small pelagic fishes, which are patchily distributed and show seasonal variability in school sizes and distribution. However, dusky dolphins rely on anchovy to a larger extent than common dolphins. In Nuevo Gulf, anchovy shoals are smaller and separated by shorter distances in winter and dusky dolphins ' movement pattern is consistent with this. Dusky and common dolphins are impacted by tourism and fisheries. Further modelling of movement could be inform spatial based management tools. | |
| WOS080 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/conl.12708 | Ferretti, Francesco; Jacoby, David M. P.; Pfleger, Mariah O.; White, Timothy D.; Dent, Felix; Micheli, Fiorenza; Rosenberg, Andrew A.; Crowder, Larry B.; Block, Barbara A. | 2020 | Shark fin trade bans and sustainable shark fisheries | WOS | The U.S. Congress is currently discussing the Shark Fin Sales Elimination Act to eliminate shark fin trade at the federal level. This bill was introduced in 2017 and has been proceeding very slowly in Congress because of mixed reviews from the scientific community. Debate exists on whether shark conservation and management are effectively addressed with tightened trade controls for imported shark products or blanket bans that outright end U.S. participation in the shark fin trade. Here we contribute to this debate with a review and analysis of economic, nutritional, ethical, and legal arguments, as well as of the shark fisheries status and shark fin trade. We show that the United States has a limited commercial interest in shark fisheries and contributes to the shark fin trade mainly as a facilitator. A fin trade ban has few tangible economic drawbacks but would have a considerable conservation impact. While making all shark fisheries sustainable is the ultimate goal, in practice this objective is far from achievable everywhere in the world. Conversely, banning shark fin trade is an interim measure that nations like the United States can take with negligible cost and can truly impact the biggest driver of shark exploitation globally. | |
| WOS081 | Cimino, Megan a.; Welch, Heather; Santora, Jarrod a.; Kroodsma, David; Hazen, Elliott l.; Bograd, Steven j.; Warzybok, Pete; Jahncke, Jaime; Shaffer, Scott a. | 2024 | TRACKED GULLS HELP IDENTIFY POTENTIAL ZONES OF INTERACTION BETWEEN WHALES AND SHIPPING TRAFFIC | WOS | Seabird -vessel interactions are often studied through the lens of fisheries bycatch, but seabirds encounter many watercraft types. Western Gulls Larus occidentalis breeding on the Farallon Islands (California, USA) have a foraging domain that encompasses both shipping lanes and productive fishing grounds, resulting in ample opportunities for vessel encounters. Previous research showed that these Western Gulls can serve as ecosystem indicators because their foraging behavior is linked to ocean prey conditions, and because their foraging grounds overlap with that of Humpback Whales Megaptera novaeangliae , which can make prey accessible. Because ship strikes and entanglement in fishing gear are concerns for whales in this region, we investigated gull -vessel interactions as a proxy for identifying whale ship -strike risk by assessing the geographical overlap between GPS-tracked gulls and vessels using the Automatic Identification System. During 2014-2019, 40% of tracked gulls encountered a vessel, resulting in 85 encounters. Gulls mostly encountered cargo ships and tug/pilot boats, mainly within the shipping lanes (79%). Over 30% of these encounters co-occurred with gull foraging events, and most encounters were situated within shipping lanes (80%). Moreover, most gull foraging events began before the vessel encounters, which appeared to interrupt gull behavior. Interannual variability of encounters was mainly related to gull foraging locations: during years of high oceanic productivity, foraging more frequently occurred at sea rather than nearshore or on land, leading to more encounters with ships. This study builds on work that documented overlap between Humpback Whales and Western Gulls but did not test whether foraging gulls encountered vessels. We found that some vessel encounters coincided with gull foraging events; from that, we suggest that the real-time processing of seabird tracking data could provide additional information on whale distribution (which is more difficult to study) within regions of high ship -strike risk and could be included as another tool for dynamic ocean management. | ||
| WOS083,GS024,GFW009 | https://doi.org/10.1111/acv.12768 | Carneiro, A. P. B.; Dias, M. P.; Oppel, S.; Pearmain, E. J.; Clark, B. L.; Wood, A. G.; Clavelle, T.; Phillips, R. A. | 2022 | Integrating immersion with GPS data improves behavioural classification for wandering albatrosses and shows scavenging behind fishing vessels mirrors natural foraging | GFW,GS,WOS | Advances in biologging techniques and the availability of high-resolution fisheries data have improved our ability to understand the interactions between seabirds and fisheries and to evaluate mortality risk due to bycatch. However, it remains unclear whether movement patterns and behaviour differ between birds foraging naturally or scavenging behind vessels and whether this could be diagnostic of fisheries interactions. We deployed novel loggers that record the GPS position of birds at sea and scan the surroundings to detect radar transmissions from vessels and immersion (activity) loggers on wandering albatrosses Diomedea exulans from South Georgia. We matched these data to remotely sensed fishing vessel positions and used a combination of hidden Markov and random forest models to investigate whether it was possible to detect a characteristic signature from the seabird tracking and activity data that would indicate fine-scale vessel overlap and interactions. Including immersion data in our hidden Markov models allowed two distinct foraging behaviours to be identified, both indicative of Area Restricted Search (ARS) but with or without landing behaviour (likely prey capture attempts) that would not be detectable with location data alone. Birds approached vessels during all behavioural states, and there was no clear pattern associated with this type of scavenging behaviour. The random forest models had very low sensitivity, partly because foraging events at vessels occurred very rarely, and did not contain any diagnostic movement or activity pattern that was distinct from natural behaviours away from vessels. Thus, we were unable to predict accurately whether foraging bouts occurred in the vicinity of a fishing vessel, or naturally, based on behaviour alone. Our method provides a coherent and generalizable framework to segment trips using auxiliary biologging (immersion) data and to refine the classification of foraging strategies of seabirds. These results nevertheless underline the value of using radar detectors that detect vessel proximity or remotely sensed vessel locations for a better understanding of seabird-fishery interactions. | |
| WOS084 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153150 | Zhang, Chongliang; Chen, Yong; Xu, Binduo; Xue, Ying; Ren, Yiping | 2022 | The dynamics of the fishing fleet in China Seas: A glimpse through AIS monitoring | WOS | Monitoring fishing activities is crucial for marine conservation but challenging in practice, because the ability in tracking fisheries has been limited on varying spatial and temporal scales. The challenge is for both developed and developing countries, and is outstanding in China which is characterized by the world's largest fishing fleet. The advance of Automatic Identification System (AIS) provides the opportunity to enforce monitoring and to promote the compliance of responsible fisheries. Here, the dynamics of fishing fleets in China Seas were integrally investigated for the first time. We demonstrated heavy fishing efforts widely distributed across China Seas, whereas most vessels were concentrated along the coastal line. The temporal pattern of fishing efforts was dominated by summer moratorium, and intensive fishing occurred immediately before and after the moratorium. We highlight that most fishing activities occurred in a remarkably limited spatial and temporal scope, particularly trawling vessels which spent a few months on fishing every year and covered a small geographical area. Additionally, considerable fishing efforts have transferred from Eastern China Sea to the coastal areas of south China in response to an extension of summer moratorium, which requires the fishing moratorium beginning one month earlier since 2017. We argue that summer moratorium cannot effectively control overall fishing efforts, but rearrange the same level of efforts in space and time. We highlight caveats in the interpretation of AIS data in terms of reception issues, meanwhile the novel information provided by AIS can refine the understanding of fleet dynamics and contribute to adaptive fisheries management over broad spatial and temporal scales. | |
| WOS086 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsae038 | Gammage, Louise C.; Longo, Catherine S.; van Putten, Ingrid; Bucio-Bustos, Edaysi; Gordon, Andrew Kenneth; Lejbowicz, Amanda; Vergara-Solana, Francisco J. | 2024 | The power of collaboration in multifishery improvement initiatives | WOS | Addressing diverse and complex socio-ecological challenges is crucial for achieving ocean sustainability. This is especially true for effective fishery management, which is vital for the sustainability of marine resources. One way of overcoming barriers to fisheries reform is through interdisciplinary collaboration and innovative management and policy approaches. One such approach is market incentives offered by eco-certification against sustainability standards, such as those set by the Marine Stewardship Council (MSC). Complementary interventions that support sustainability improvements are fishery improvement projects (FIPs) and MSC pathway projects. These interventions have clear intermediary and final objectives, and monitoring impact throughout the implementation process remains important. We interviewed participants of a pathway project from five fisheries in South Africa and Mexico using semistructured interviews designed to capture the nonmonetary impacts of these projects as they progress. Our results show that interventions can play a role in facilitating broader collaboration within a fishery and across stakeholder groups, increasing sustainability awareness. Emphasizing the importance of stakeholder engagement and collaboration, we highlight how the project implementation process can lead to communication changes that lead to improved understanding and collaboration. Importantly, we reflect on the suitability of the survey in monitoring progress in such projects. | |
| WOS088 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.adl4019 | Villasenor-Derbez, Juan Carlos; Costello, Christopher; Plantinga, Andrew J. | 2024 | A market for 30x30 in the ocean | WOS | Marine protections could benefit from trade in obligations | |
| WOS089 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2218679120 | Gillies, Natasha; Lopez, Lucia Martina Martin; den Ouden, Olivier F. C.; Assink, Jelle D.; Basille, Mathieu; Clay, Thomas A.; Clusella-Trullas, Susana; Joo, Rocio; Weimerskirchi, Henri; Zampolli, Mario; Zeyl, Jeffrey N.; Patrick, Samantha C. | 2023 | Albatross movement suggests sensitivity to infrasound cues at sea | WOS | The ways in which seabirds navigate over very large spatial scales remain poorly understood. While olfactory and visual information can provide guidance over short distances, their range is often limited to 100s km, far below the navigational capacity of wide-ranging animals such as albatrosses. Infrasound is a form of low-frequency sound that propagates for 1,000s km in the atmosphere. In marine habitats, its association with storms and ocean surface waves could in effect make it a useful cue for anticipating environmental conditions that favor or hinder flight or be associated with profitable foraging patches. However, behavioral responses of wild birds to infrasound remain untested. Here, we explored whether wandering albatrosses, Diomedea exulans, respond to microbarom infrasound at sea. We used Global Positioning System tracks of 89 free-ranging albatrosses in combination with acoustic modeling to investigate whether albatrosses preferentially orientate toward areas of 'loud' microbarom infrasound on their foraging trips. We found that in addition to responding to winds encountered in situ, albatrosses moved toward source regions associated with higher sound pressure levels. These findings suggest that albatrosses may be responding to long-range infrasonic cues. As albatrosses depend on winds and waves for soaring flight, infrasonic cues may help albatrosses to identify environmental conditions that allow them to energetically optimize flight over long distances. Our results shed light on one of the great unresolved mysteries in nature, navigation in seemingly featureless ocean environments. | |
| WOS090 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.596619 | Curnick, David J.; Andrzejaczek, Samantha; Jacoby, David M. P.; Coffey, Daniel M.; Carlisle, Aaron B.; Chapple, Taylor K.; Ferretti, Francesco; Schallert, Robert J.; White, Timothy; Block, Barbara A.; Koldewey, Heather J.; Collen, Ben | 2020 | Behavior and Ecology of Silky Sharks Around the Chagos Archipelago and Evidence of Indian Ocean Wide Movement | WOS | Silky sharks (Carcharhinus falciformis) represent a major component of global shark catch, both directly and as bycatch, and populations are declining as a result. An improved understanding of their movement ecology is needed to support conservation efforts. We deployed satellite and acoustic tags (2013-2018) and analyzed historical fisheries records (1997-2009), to investigate the spatial ecology of silky sharks in the central Indian Ocean and a large Marine Protected Area (MPA; 640,000 km(2)) around the Chagos Archipelago. We observed high fidelity to the MPA, and a sustained diurnal association with a seamount complex, with individuals moving off at night and returning at sunrise. Yet, we also observed large-scale divergent movements in two satellite tagged individuals and documented the furthest recorded displacement distance for a satellite tagged silky shark to date, with one individual moving from the MPA to the Kenyan coast-a displacement distance of 3,549 km (track distance similar to 4,782 km). Silky sharks undertook diel vertical migrations and oscillatory diving behavior, spending > 99% of their time in the top 100 m, and diving to depths of greater than 300 m, overlapping directly with typical deployments of purse seine and longline sets in the Indian Ocean. One individual was recorded to a depth of 1,112 m, the deepest recorded silky shark dive to date. Individuals spent 96% of their time at liberty within water temperatures between 24 and 30 degrees C. Historic fisheries data revealed that silky sharks were a major component of the shark community around the archipelago, representing 13.69% of all sharks caught by longlines before the fishery closed in 2010. Over half (55.88%) of all individuals caught by longlines and purse seiners were juveniles. The large proportion of juveniles, coupled with the high site fidelity and residence observed in some individuals, suggests that the MPA could provide considerable conservation benefits for silky sharks, particularly during early life-history stages. However, their high mobility potential necessitates that large MPAs need to be considered in conjunction with fisheries regulations and conservation measures in adjacent EEZs and in areas beyond national jurisdiction. | |
| WOS091 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2024.106117 | Good, Stephanie D.; Mclennan, Shaun; Gummery, Matt; Lent, Rebecca; Essington, Timothy E.; Wallace, Bryan P.; Phillips, Richard A.; Peatman, Tom; Baker, G. Barry; Reid, Keith; Currey, Rohan J. C. | 2024 | Updating requirements for Endangered, Threatened and Protected species MSC Fisheries Standard v3.0 to operationalise best practices | WOS | Bycatch in fisheries is a key threat to non-target marine species, particularly for those species that have life histories with low productivity or poor conservation status. In this paper, the requirements of the new Marine Stewardship Council (MSC) Fisheries Standard (hereafter "the Standard") are summarised relevant to Endangered, Threatened and Protected (ETP) species. This covers both how species are designated as ETP, and how performance of management is assessed with respect to ETP species, when scoring fisheries against the Standard. The process used to select these requirements is described, including a review of the requirements for earlier versions of the Standard and the scoring of these requirements in assessment reports for a selection of fisheries that have achieved MSC certification. The review identified a lack of consistency in the implementation of scoring guidelines, which was in part due to a lack of clarity in the requirements of the Standard. The revised Standard has been designed to achieve more consistent implementation of the requirements with respect to management of impacts on ETP species, and to align the requirements more closely with global best practice. The requirements may be used as a template for fisheries managers seeking to prioritise bycatch species for improved management and setting more specific and measurable objectives in relation to population status and minimising mortalities. | |
| WOS093,GFW040 | https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aau2161 | McCauley, Douglas J.; Jablonicky, Caroline; Allison, Edward H.; Golden, Christopher D.; Joyce, Francis H.; Mayorga, Juan; Kroodsma, David | 2018 | Wealthy countries dominate industrial fishing | GFW,WOS | The patterns by which different nations share global fisheries influence outcomes for food security, trajectories of economic development, and competition between industrial and small-scale fishing. We report patterns of industrial fishing effort for vessels flagged to higher- and lower-income nations, in marine areas within and beyond national jurisdiction, using analyses of high-resolution fishing vessel activity data. These analyses reveal global dominance of industrial fishing by wealthy nations. Vessels flagged to higher-income nations, for example, are responsible for 97% of the trackable industrial fishing on the high seas and 78% of such effort within the national waters of lower-income countries. These publicly accessible vessel tracking data have important limitations. However, insights from these new analyses can begin to strategically inform important international- and national-level efforts underway now to ensure equitable and sustainable sharing of fisheries. | |
| WOS094,GS050 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2023.102773 | Loveridge, Alexandra; Elvidge, Christopher D.; Kroodsma, David A.; White, Timothy D.; Evans, Karen; Kato, Akiko; Ropert-Coudert, Yan; Sommerfeld, Julia; Takahashi, Akinori; Patchett, Robert; Robira, Benjamin; Rutz, Christian; Sims, David W. | 2024 | Context-dependent changes in maritime traffic activity during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic | GS,WOS | Rapid implementation of human mobility restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic dramatically reduced maritime activity in early 2020. But where and when activity rebounded, or remained low, during the full extent of 2020 restrictions remains unclear. Using global high-resolution datasets, we reveal a surprising degree of complexity in maritime activity patterns during 2020, yielding a more nuanced picture of how restrictions affected activity. Overall, shipping activity in Exclusive Economic Zones decreased (1.35 %), as expected, however high-seas activity increased (0.28 %). While these annual changes appear modest, there were striking spatially and temporally asynchronous variations in different vessel types' activity in the second half of 2020, ranging from an > 80 % sustained reduction in passenger vessel activity to a 150 % increase in fishing activity. Results suggest systems-level responses were highly context-dependent, pinpointing areas that experienced significant reductions and spikes in activity, and providing hitherto missing details of COVID-19 impacts on economic and environmental sustainability. | |
| WOS095 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/faf.12828 | Farchadi, Nima; Welch, Heather; Braun, Camrin D.; Allyn, Andrew J.; Bograd, Steven J.; Brodie, Stephanie; Hazen, Elliott L.; Kerney, Alex; Lezama-Ochoa, Nerea; Mills, Katherine E.; Pugh, Dylan; Young-Morse, Riley; Lewison, Rebecca L. | 2024 | Marine heatwaves redistribute pelagic fishing fleets | WOS | Marine heatwaves (MHWs) have measurable impacts on marine ecosystems and reliant fisheries and associated communities. However, how MHWs translate to changes in fishing opportunities and the displacement of fishing fleets remains poorly understood. Using fishing vessel tracking data from the automatic identification system (AIS), we developed vessel distribution models for two pelagic fisheries targeting highly migratory species, the U.S. Atlantic longline and Pacific troll fleets, to understand how MHW properties (intensity, size, and duration) influence core fishing grounds and fleet displacement. For both fleets, MHW size had the largest influence on fishing ground area with northern fishing grounds gaining and southern fishing grounds decreasing in area. However, fleet displacement in response to MHWs varied between coasts, as the Atlantic longline fleet displaced farther in southern regions whereas the most northern and southern regions of the Pacific troll fleet shifted farther. Characterizing fishing fleet responses to these anomalous conditions can help identify regional vulnerabilities under future extreme events and aid in supporting climate-readiness and resilience in pelagic fisheries. | |
| WOS096 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2104563118 | McDonald, Gavin G.; Costello, Christopher; Bone, Jennifer; Cabral, Reniel B.; Farabee, Valerie; Hochberg, Timothy; Kroodsma, David; Mangin, Tracey; Meng, Kyle C.; Zahn, Oliver | 2021 | REPLY TO SWARTZ ET AL.: Challenges and opportunities for identifying forced labor using satellite-based fishing vessel monitoring | WOS | ||
| WOS099 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-47975-1 | Jacquemont, Juliette; Loiseau, Charles; Tornabene, Luke; Claudet, Joachim | 2024 | 3D ocean assessments reveal that fisheries reach deep but marine protection remains shallow | WOS | The wave of new global conservation targets, the conclusion of the High Seas Treaty negotiations, and the expansion of extractive use into the deep sea call for a paradigm shift in ocean conservation. The current reductionist 2D representation of the ocean to set targets and measure impacts will fail at achieving effective biodiversity conservation. Here, we develop a framework that overlays depth realms onto marine ecoregions to conduct the first three-dimensional spatial analysis of global marine conservation achievements and fisheries footprint. Our novel approach reveals conservation gaps of mesophotic, rariphotic, and abyssal depths and an underrepresentation of high protection levels across all depths. In contrast, the 3D footprint of fisheries covers all depths, with benthic fishing occurring down to the lower bathyal and mesopelagic fishing peaking in areas overlying abyssal depths. Additionally, conservation efforts are biased towards areas where the lowest fishing pressures occur, compromising the effectiveness of the marine conservation network. These spatial mismatches emphasize the need to shift towards 3D thinking to achieve ocean sustainability. The first three-dimensional spatial analysis of global marine conservation achievements and fisheries footprint reveals 3D conservation gaps and an underrepresentation of high protection levels across all depths while the 3D footprint of fisheries covers all depths. | |
| WOS100 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aay9969 | Tittensor, Derek P.; Beger, Maria; Boerder, Kristina; Boyce, Daniel G.; Cavanagh, Rachel D.; Cosandey-Godin, Aurelie; Crespo, Guillermo Ortuno; Dunn, Daniel C.; Ghiffary, Wildan; Grant, Susie M.; Hannah, Lee; Halpin, Patrick N.; Harfoot, Mike; Heaslip, Susan G.; Jeffery, Nicholas W.; Kingston, Naomi; Lotze, Heike K.; McGowan, Jennifer; McLeod, Elizabeth; McOwen, Chris J.; O'Leary, Bethan C.; Schiller, Laurenne; Stanley, Ryan R. E.; Westhead, Maxine; Wilson, Kristen L.; Worm, Boris | 2019 | Integrating climate adaptation and biodiversity conservation in the global ocean | WOS | The impacts of climate change and the socioecological challenges they present are ubiquitous and increasingly severe. Practical efforts to operationalize climate-responsive design and management in the global network of marine protected areas (MPAs) are required to ensure long-term effectiveness for safeguarding marine biodiversity and ecosystem services. Here, we review progress in integrating climate change adaptation into MPA design and management and provide eight recommendations to expedite this process. Climate-smart management objectives should become the default for all protected areas, and made into an explicit international policy target. Furthermore, incentives to use more dynamic management tools would increase the climate change responsiveness of the MPA network as a whole. Given ongoing negotiations on international conservation targets, now is the ideal time to proactively reform management of the global seascape for the dynamic climate-biodiversity reality. | |
| WOS101 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s43017-024-00516-2 | Kebede, Endalkachew Abebe; Abou Ali, Hanan; Clavelle, Tyler; Froehlich, Halley E.; Gephart, Jessica A.; Hartman, Sarah; Herrero, Mario; Kerner, Hannah; Mehta, Piyush; Nakalembe, Catherine; Ray, Deepak K.; Siebert, Stefan; Thornton, Philip; Davis, Kyle Frankel | 2024 | Assessing and addressing the global state of food production data scarcity | WOS | Food production data - such as crop, livestock, aquaculture and fisheries statistics - are critical to achieving multiple sustainable development goals. However, the lack of reliable, regularly collected, accessible, usable and spatially disaggregated statistics limits an accurate picture of the state of food production in many countries and prevents the implementation of effective food system interventions. In this Review, we take stock of national and international food production data to understand its availability and limitations. Across databases, there is substantial global variation in data timeliness, granularity (both spatially and by food category) and transparency. Data scarcity challenges are most pronounced for livestock and aquatic food production. These challenges are largely concentrated in Central America, the Middle East and Africa owing to a combination of inconsistent census implementation and a global reliance on self-reporting. Because data scarcity is the result of technical, institutional and political obstacles, solutions must include technological and policy innovations. Fusing traditional and emerging data-gathering techniques with coordinated governance and dedicated long-term financing will be key to overcoming current obstacles to sustained, up-to-date and accurate food production data collection, foundational in promoting and monitoring progress towards healthier and more sustainable food systems worldwide. Accurate and timely food production data are needed to promote food security and sustainability, but data scarcity exists across national and international levels. This Review examines data availability and reliability for crops, livestock and aquatic food production and recommends solutions to address data scarcity. | |
| WOS103 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010164 | Joo, Rocio; Sanchez-Tapia, Andrea; Mortara, Sara; Saibene, Yanina Bellini; Turner, Heather; Peter, Dorothea Hug; Morandeira, Natalia Soledad; Bannert, Matt; Almazrouq, Batool; Hare, Elizabeth; Acion, Laura; Narvaez-Gomez, Juan Pablo; Cordoba, Marcela Alfaro; Marini, Federico; Giordano, Rita; Canelon, Silvia; Ebou, Anicet; Upadhya, Adithi R.; Chavez, Joselyn; Ravi, Janani | 2022 | Ten simple rules to host an inclusive conference | WOS | ACUon:fePrleenasceecsonafriermstphaactaelslhteoamdiengelteavneldsanreetrweporreksewnittehdincoarnredcatlcyr: oss academic and technical fields, learn about new advances, and share our work. They can help define career paths and create long-lasting collaborations and opportunities. However, these opportunities are not equal for all. This article introduces 10 simple rules to host an inclusive conference based on the authors' recent experience organizing the 2021 edition of the useR! statistical computing conference, which attracted a broad range of participants from academia, industry, government, and the nonprofit sector. Coming from different backgrounds, career stages, and even continents, we embraced the challenge of organizing a high-quality virtual conference in the context of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and making it a kind, inclusive, and accessible experience for as many people as possible. The rules result from our lessons learned before, during, and after the organization of the conference. They have been written mainly for potential organizers and selection committees of conferences and contain multiple practical tips to help a variety of events become more accessible and inclusive. We see this as a starting point for conversations and efforts towards building more inclusive conferences across the world. * Translated versions of the English abstract and the list of rules are available in 10 languages in S1 Text: Arabic, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Portuguese, Spanish, Tamil, and Thai. | |
| WOS104 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2023.1161580 | Gonzalez-Santana, Alberto; Oosterbaan, Marijn; Clavelle, Tyler; Maze, Guillaume; Notarstefano, Giulio; Poffa, Noe; Velez-Belchi, Pedro | 2023 | Analysis of the global shipping traffic for the feasibility of a structural recovery program of Argo floats | WOS | The Argo observation network is made up of approximately 4,000 drifting floats, which provide valuable information about the ocean and its role in the climate system. Each one of these floats work in continuous cycles, until their batteries run out. Due to its importance in operational forecasting and climate research, the Argo community continually assesses the status of the sensors mounted on each of the floats. Recovering floats would offer a great opportunity to gain insight into sensor performance and stability, although the economic and environmental costs of dedicating a ship exclusively to recover Argo floats make it unsustainable. In this work, the potential of world shipping traffic as float retrievers has been evaluated through an analysis of encounters based on the Automatic Identification System (AIS) of ships and the location of Argo floats in the years 2019 and 2020. About 18,500 and 28,500 encounters happened for both years, respectively. The Mediterranean Sea hosted the most encounters, and fishing ships were the most suitable type of ship aimed for potential recoveries. A total of 298 and 373 floats interacted with the world shipping traffic in favorable weather conditions in 2019 and 2020, respectively, a figure equivalent to 25% of the annual replacement rate of the Argo network. The same approach was applied to 677 floats affected by abrupt salinity drift (ASD), an issue that has recently come to the attention of the Argo community. It turned out that 59 and 103 ASD-affected floats interacted with ships of opportunity in both years. | |
| WOS105 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.485512 | Van Vranken, Cooper; Vastenhoud, Berthe M. J.; Manning, James P.; Plet-Hansen, Kristian S.; Jakoboski, Julie; Gorringe, Patrick; Martinelli, Michela | 2020 | Fishing Gear as a Data Collection Platform: Opportunities to Fill Spatial and Temporal Gaps in Operational Sub-Surface Observation Networks | WOS | While the observation of the open ocean is well achieved by automated ocean measurement instruments, coastal and shelf seas suffer the lack of sub-surface collection platforms. Commercial fishing gear such as bottom trawls, pots, traps and long lines can act as platforms for sensors, which collect physical oceanographic data concurrently with normal fishing operations. The lack of observed in situ ocean data in coastal and shelf seas limits operational oceanography, weather forecasting, maritime industries, and climate change monitoring. In addition, using fishing gear as an ocean observation platform has auxiliary benefits for fisheries management including stakeholder involvement. This study quantifies and compares the existing sub-surface in situ data coverage with the spatial distribution of fishing activities. The results show that integration with fishing could contribute to filling some of the most pressing gaps in existing ocean observation systems in coastal and shelf seas. There are limitations related to opportunistic data collection, mainly related to spatial and temporal heterogeneity of fishing activities. However, we make the case that fishery -based observations have the potential to complement existing ocean observing systems in areas where oceanographic data are lacking and needed most in order to ensure long term sustainability of ocean monitoring. | |
| WOS107,GFW012 | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2021.104922 | Lozano, Alejandro J. Garcia; Sparks, Jessica L. Decker; Durgana, Davina P.; Farthing, Courtney M.; Fitzpatrick, Juno; Krough-Poulsen, Birgitte; McDonald, Gavin; McDonald, Sara; Ota, Yoshitaka; Sarto, Nicole; Cisneros-Montemayor, Andres M.; Lout, Gabrielle; Finkbeiner, Elena; Kittinger, John N. | 2022 | Decent work in fisheries: Current trends and key considerations for future research and policy | GFW,WOS | Labor issues and human rights violations have become the subject of rising concern in fisheries and seafood production. This paper reviews recent research on labor issues in the fishing industry, especially by environmental researchers and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) which are emerging as key players in research and policy arenas. Recent research has focused largely on severe violations such as forced labor, particularly in 'hotspot' geographies, often relying on indicators and risk-based approaches given the paucity of data and challenges of monitoring working conditions. This paper proposes that decent work - a concept associated with the institutional history of the International Labor Organization (ILO) but with broad implications - can contribute to overcoming gaps in the research landscape, and assessing and improving a range of labor issues in fisheries. The paper elaborates some key considerations for studying and promoting decent work in the seafood industry. Assessing and achieving decent work in the world's fisheries requires (1) a holistic human rights approach to decent work, in which labor concerns are understood in the context of interrelated and interdependent sets of human rights, (2) consideration of the complex political-economic regimes and histories in which seafood production is embedded, and perhaps most importantly, (3) that workers play a central role and have a voice in defining and achieving decent work. The paper concludes with future directions for research and a discussion of promising and emerging policy pathways for promoting decent work in fisheries and seafood production. | |
| WOS108 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.14270 | Popovic, Gordana; Mason, Tanya Jane; Drobniak, Szymon Marian; Marques, Tiago Andre; Potts, Joanne; Joo, Rocio; Altwegg, Res; Burns, Carolyn Claire Isabelle; Mccarthy, Michael Andrew; Johnston, Alison; Nakagawa, Shinichi; Mcmillan, Louise; Devarajan, Kadambari; Taggart, Patrick Leo; Wunderlich, Alison; Mair, Magdalena; Martinez-Lanfranco, Juan Andres; Lagisz, Malgorzata; Pottier, Patrice | 2024 | Four principles for improved statistical ecology | WOS | 1.Increasing attention has been drawn to the misuse of statistical methods over recent years, with particular concern about the prevalence of practices such as poor experimental design, cherry picking and inadequate reporting. These failures are largely unintentional and no more common in ecology than in other scientific disciplines, with many of them easily remedied given the right guidance.2. Originating from a discussion at the 2020 International Statistical Ecology Conference, we show how ecologists can build their research following four guiding principles for impactful statistical research practices: (1) define a focussed research question, then plan sampling and analysis to answer it; (2) develop a model that accounts for the distribution and dependence of your data; (3) emphasise effect sizes to replace statistical significance with ecological relevance; and (4) report your methods and findings in sufficient detail so that your research is valid and reproducible.3. These principles provide a framework for experimental design and reporting that guards against unsound practices. Starting with a well-defined research question allows researchers to create an efficient study to answer it, and guards against poor research practices that lead to poor estimation of the direction, magnitude, and uncertainty of ecological relationships, and to poor replicability. Correct and appropriate statistical models give sound conclusions. Good reporting practices and a focus on ecological relevance make results impactful and replicable.4. Illustrated with two examples-an experiment to study the impact of disturbance on upland wetlands, and an observational study on blue tit colouring-this paper explains the rationale for the selection and use of effective statistical practices and provides practical guidance for ecologists seeking to improve their use of statistical methods. | |
| WOS109 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2020.104377 | Wagner, Daniel; van der Meer, Liesbeth; Gorny, Matthias; Sellanes, Javier; Gaymer, Carlos F.; Soto, Eulogio H.; Easton, Erin E.; Friedlander, Alan M.; Lindsay, Dhugal J.; Molodtsova, Tina N.; Boteler, Ben; Durussel, Carole; Gjerde, Kristina M.; Currie, Duncan; Gianni, Matthew; Brooks, Cassandra M.; Shiple, Marianne J.; Wilhelm, T. Aulani; Quesada, Marco; Thomas, Tamara; Dunstan, Piers K.; Clark, Nichola A.; Villanueva, Luis A.; Pyle, Richard L.; Clark, Malcolm R.; Georgian, Samuel E.; Morgan, Lance E. | 2021 | The Salas y G ? omez and Nazca ridges: A review of the importance, opportunities and challenges for protecting a global diversity hotspot on the high seas | WOS | dwagner@conservation The Salas y G & acute;omez and Nazca ridges are two seamount chains of volcanic origin, which include over 110 sea mounts that collectively stretch across over 2,900 km in the southeastern Pacific. Ecosystems in this region are isolated by the Atacama Trench, the Humboldt Current System, and an extreme oxygen minimum zone. This isolation has produced a unique biodiversity that is marked by one of the highest levels of marine endemism on Earth. These areas also provide important habitats and ecological stepping stones for whales, sea turtles, corals, and a multitude of other ecologically important species, including 82 species that are threatened or endangered. Recent explorations in this region have documented one of the deepest light-dependent marine ecosystems on Earth, as well as numerous species that are new to science. Waters surrounding the Salas y G & acute;omez and Nazca ridges are mostly located in areas beyond national jurisdiction (ABNJ), with smaller portions located in the national waters of Chile and Peru. Within this region, Chile has already protected all the ridge features that fall | |
| WOS110 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2021.740027 | Patrick, Samantha C.; Assink, Jelle D.; Basille, Mathieu; Clusella-Trullas, Susana; Clay, Thomas A.; den Ouden, Olivier F. C.; Joo, Rocio; Zeyl, Jeffrey N.; Benhamou, Simon; Christensen-Dalsgaard, Jakob; Evers, Laeslo G.; Fayet, Annette L.; Koeppl, Christine; Malkemper, E. Pascal; Lopez, Lucia Martina Martin; Padget, Oliver; Phillips, Richard A.; Prior, Mark K.; Smets, Pieter S. M.; van Loon, E. Emiel | 2021 | Infrasound as a Cue for Seabird Navigation | WOS | Seabirds are amongst the most mobile of all animal species and spend large amounts of their lives at sea. They cross vast areas of ocean that appear superficially featureless, and our understanding of the mechanisms that they use for navigation remains incomplete, especially in terms of available cues. In particular, several large-scale navigational tasks, such as homing across thousands of kilometers to breeding sites, are not fully explained by visual, olfactory or magnetic stimuli. Low-frequency inaudible sound, i.e., infrasound, is ubiquitous in the marine environment. The spatio-temporal consistency of some components of the infrasonic wavefield, and the sensitivity of certain bird species to infrasonic stimuli, suggests that infrasound may provide additional cues for seabirds to navigate, but this remains untested. Here, we propose a framework to explore the importance of infrasound for navigation. We present key concepts regarding the physics of infrasound and review the physiological mechanisms through which infrasound may be detected and used. Next, we propose three hypotheses detailing how seabirds could use information provided by different infrasound sources for navigation as an acoustic beacon, landmark, or gradient. Finally, we reflect on strengths and limitations of our proposed hypotheses, and discuss several directions for future work. In particular, we suggest that hypotheses may be best tested by combining conceptual models of navigation with empirical data on seabird movements and in-situ infrasound measurements. | |
| WOS111 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2021.105305 | Gimenez, Joan; Canadas, Ana; de Stephanis, Renaud; Ramirez, Francisco | 2021 | Expanding protected areas to encompass the conservation of the endangered common dolphin (Delphinus delphis) in the Alboran Sea | WOS | The Natura 2000 network is the centerpiece of the European Union conservation strategy to safeguard priority species and habitats. The question of whether other co-occurring species of conservation concern may also benefit from this network, however, remains largely unknown. Here, we used a systematic approach (MARXAN) for i) evaluating if the current Natura 2000 network in the Alboran Sea (western Mediterranean Sea), initially proposed to protect the common bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) and priority habitats, is also spatially protecting the endangered common dolphin (Delphinus delphis), and ii) identifying additional marine areas that should be protected to reach adequate conservation targets for the common dolphin. While the current Natura 2000 network encompass ca. 22% of predicted abundances for common dolphins, this percentage might be enhanced by protecting coastal areas nearby the Strait of Gibraltar. However, dolphins and fisheries largely overlap spatially nearby the coastline, and only segregate in offshore areas that represent the marginal distribution of the species. Thus, conservation decision-makers must achieve a trade-off between cetacean conservation and fisheries by combining an area-based approach (i.e., new protected areas close to the Strait of Gibraltar) together with a basin-wide threat-based approach (e.g., regulation of fisheries). | |
| WOS112,GFW030 | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1444-4 | Queiroz, Nuno; Humphries, Nicolas E.; Couto, Ana; Vedor, Marisa; da Costa, Ivo; Sequeira, Ana M. M.; Mucientes, Gonzalo; Santos, Antonio M.; Abascal, Francisco J.; Abercrombie, Debra L.; Abrantes, Katya; Acuna-Marrero, David; Afonso, Andre S.; Afonso, Pedro; Anders, Darrell; Araujo, Gonzalo; Arauz, Randall; Bach, Pascal; Barnett, Adam; Bernal, Diego; Berumen, Michael L.; Lion, Sandra Bessudo; Bezerra, Natalia P. A.; Blaison, Antonin V.; Block, Barbara A.; Bond, Mark E.; Bonfil, Ramon; Bradford, Russell W.; Braun, Camrin D.; Brooks, Edward J.; Brooks, Annabelle; Brown, Judith; Bruce, Barry D.; Byrne, Michael E.; Campana, Steven E.; Carlisle, Aaron B.; Chapman, Demian D.; Chapple, Taylor K.; Chisholm, John; Clarke, Christopher R.; Clua, Eric G.; Cochran, Jesse E. M.; Crochelet, Estelle C.; Dagorn, Laurent; Daly, Ryan; Cortes, Daniel Devia; Doyle, Thomas K.; Drew, Michael; Duffy, Clinton A. J.; Erikson, Thor; Espinoza, Eduardo; Ferreira, Luciana C.; Ferretti, Francesco; Filmalter, John D.; Fischer, G. Chris; Fitzpatrick, Richard; Fontes, Jorge; Forget, Fabien; Fowler, Mark; Francis, Malcolm P.; Gallagher, Austin J.; Gennari, Enrico; Goldsworthy, Simon D.; Gollock, Matthew J.; Green, Jonathan R.; Gustafson, Johan A.; Guttridge, Tristan L.; Guzman, Hector M.; Hammerschlag, Neil; Harman, Luke; Hazin, Fabio H. V.; Heard, Matthew; Hearn, Alex R.; Holdsworth, John C.; Holmes, Bonnie J.; Howey, Lucy A.; Hoyos, Mauricio; Hueter, Robert E.; Hussey, Nigel E.; Huveneers, Charlie; Irion, Dylan T.; Jacoby, David M. P.; Jewell, Oliver J. D.; Johnson, Ryan; Jordan, Lance K. B.; Jorgensen, Salvador J.; Joyce, Warren; Daly, Clare A. Keating; Ketchum, James T.; Klimley, A. Peter; Kock, Alison A.; Koen, Pieter; Ladino, Felipe; Lana, Fernanda O.; Lea, James S. E.; Llewellyn, Fiona; Lyon, Warrick S.; MacDonnell, Anna; Macena, Bruno C. L.; Marshall, Heather; McAllister, Jaime D.; McAuley, Rory; Meyer, Michael A.; Morris, John J.; Nelson, Emily R.; Papastamatiou, Yannis P.; Patterson, Toby A.; Penaherrera-Palma, Cesar; Pepperell, Julian G.; Pierce, Simon J.; Poisson, Francois; Quintero, Lina Maria; Richardson, Andrew J.; Rogers, Paul J.; Rohner, Christoph A.; Rowat, David R. L.; Samoilys, Melita; Semmens, Jayson M.; Sheaves, Marcus; Shillinger, George; Shivji, Mahmood; Singh, Sarika; Skomal, Gregory B.; Smale, Malcolm J.; Snyders, Laurenne B.; Soler, German; Soria, Marc; Stehfest, Kilian M.; Stevens, John D.; Thorrold, Simon R.; Tolotti, Mariana T.; Towner, Alison; Travassos, Paulo; Tyminski, John P.; Vandeperre, Frederic; Vaudo, Jeremy J.; Watanabe, Yuuki Y.; Weber, Sam B.; Wetherbee, Bradley M.; White, Timothy D.; Williams, Sean; Zarate, Patricia M.; Harcourt, Robert; Hays, Graeme C.; Meekan, Mark G.; Thums, Michele; Irigoien, Xabier; Eguiluz, Victor M.; Duarte, Carlos M.; Sousa, Lara L.; Simpson, Samantha J.; Southall, Emily J.; Sims, David W. | 2019 | Global spatial risk assessment of sharks under the footprint of fisheries | GFW,WOS | Effective ocean management and the conservation of highly migratory species depend on resolving the overlap between animal movements and distributions, and fishing effort. However, this information is lacking at a global scale. Here we show, using a big-data approach that combines satellite-tracked movements of pelagic sharks and global fishing fleets, that 24% of the mean monthly space used by sharks falls under the footprint of pelagic longline fisheries. Space-use hotspots of commercially valuable sharks and of internationally protected species had the highest overlap with longlines (up to 76% and 64%, respectively), and were also associated with significant increases in fishing effort. We conclude that pelagic sharks have limited spatial refuge from current levels of fishing effort in marine areas beyond national jurisdictions (the high seas). Our results demonstrate an urgent need for conservation and management measures at high-seas hotspots of shark space use, and highlight the potential of simultaneous satellite surveillance of megafauna and fishers as a tool for near-real-time, dynamic management. | |
| WOS113,GFW011 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2117440119 | Womersley, Freya C.; Humphries, Nicolas E.; Queiroz, Nuno; Vedor, Marisa; da Costa, Ivo; Furtado, Miguel; Tyminski, John P.; Abrantes, Katya; Araujo, Gonzalo; Bach, Steffen S.; Barnett, Adam; Berumen, Michael L.; Bessudo Lion, Sandra; Braun, Camrin D.; Clingham, Elizabeth; Cochran, Jesse E. M.; de la Parra, Rafael; Diamant, Stella; Dove, Alistair D. M.; Dudgeon, Christine L.; Erdmann, Mark, V; Espinoza, Eduardo; Fitzpatrick, Richard; Gonzalez Cano, Jaime; Green, Jonathan R.; Guzman, Hector M.; Hardenstine, Royale; Hasan, Abdi; Hazin, Fabio H., V; Hearn, Alex R.; Hueter, Robert E.; Jaidah, Mohammed Y.; Labaja, Jessica; Ladino, Felipe; Macena, Bruno C. L.; Morris Jr, John J.; Norman, Bradley M.; Penaherrera-Palma, Cesar; Pierce, Simon J.; Quintero, Lina M.; Ramirez-Macias, Deni; Reynolds, Samantha D.; Richardson, Anthony J.; Robinson, David P.; Rohner, Christoph A.; Rowat, David R. L.; Sheaves, Marcus; Shivji, Mahmood S.; Sianipar, Abraham B.; Skomal, Gregory B.; Soler, German; Syakurachman, Ismail; Thorrold, Simon R.; Webb, D. Harry; Wetherbee, Bradley M.; White, Timothy D.; Clavelle, Tyler; Kroodsma, David A.; Thums, Michele; Ferreira, Luciana C.; Meekan, Mark G.; Arrowsmith, Lucy M.; Lester, Emily K.; Meyers, Megan M.; Peel, Lauren R.; Sequeira, Ana M. M.; Eguiluz, Victor M.; Duarte, Carlos M.; Sims, David W. | 2022 | Global collision-risk hotspots of marine traffic and the world's largest fish, the whale shark | GFW,WOS | Marine traffic is increasing globally yet collisions with endangered megafauna such as whales, sea turtles, and planktivorous sharks go largely undetected or unreported. Collisions leading to mortality can have population-level consequences for endangered species. Hence, identifying simultaneous space use of megafauna and shipping throughout ranges may reveal as-yet-unknown spatial targets requiring conservation. However, global studies tracking megafauna and shipping occurrences are lacking. Here we combine satellite-tracked movements of the whale shark, Rhincodon typus, and vessel activity to show that 92% of sharks' horizontal space use and nearly 50% of vertical space use overlap with persistent large vessel (>300 gross tons) traffic. Collision-risk estimates correlated with reported whale shark mortality from ship strikes, indicating higher mortality in areas with greatest overlap. Hotspots of potential collision risk were evident in all major oceans, predominantly from overlap with cargo and tanker vessels, and were concentrated in gulf regions, where dense traffic co-occurred with seasonal shark movements. Nearly a third of whale shark hotspots overlapped with the highest collision-risk areas, with the last known locations of tracked sharks coinciding with busier shipping routes more often than expected. Depth-recording tags provided evidence for sinking, likely dead, whale sharks, suggesting substantial "cryptic" lethal ship strikes are possible, which could explain why whale shark population declines continue despite international protection and low fishing-induced mortality. Mitigation measures to reduce ship-strike risk should be considered to conserve this species and other ocean giants that are likely experiencing similar impacts from growing global vessel traffic. | |
| WOS114 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/esr01169 | Jorgensen, Salvador J.; Micheli, Fiorenza; White, Timothy D.; Van Houtan, Kyle S.; Alfaro-Shigueto, Joanna; Andrzejaczek, Samantha; Arnoldi, Natalie S.; Baum, Julia K.; Block, Barbara; Britten, Gregory L.; Butner, Cheryl; Caballero, Susana; Cardenosa, Diego; Chapple, Taylor K.; Clarke, Shelley; Cortes, Enric; Dulvy, Nicholas K.; Fowler, Sarah; Gallagher, Austin J.; Gilman, Eric; Godley, Brendan J.; Graham, Rachel T.; Hammerschlag, Neil; Harry, Alastair, V; Heithaus, Michael R.; Hutchinson, Melanie; Huveneers, Charlie; Lowe, Chris G.; Lucifora, Luis O.; MacKeracher, Tracy; Mangel, Jeffrey C.; Martins, Ana Paula Barbosa; McCauley, Douglas J.; McClenachan, Loren; Mull, Christopher; Natanson, Lisa J.; Pauly, Daniel; Pazmino, Diana A.; Pistevos, Jennifer C. A.; Queiroz, Nuno; Roff, George; Shea, Brendan D.; Simpfendorfer, Colin A.; Sims, David W.; Ward-Paige, Christine; Worm, Boris; Ferretti, Francesco | 2022 | Emergent research and priorities for shark and ray conservation | WOS | Over the past 4 decades there has been a growing concern for the conservation status of elasmobranchs (sharks and rays). In 2002, the first elasmobranch species were added to Appendix II of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES). Less than 20 yr later, there were 39 species on Appendix II and 5 on Appendix I. Despite growing concern, effective conservation and management remain challenged by a lack of data on population status for many species, human-wildlife interactions, threats to population viability, and the efficacy of conservation approaches. We surveyed 100 of the most frequently published and cited experts on elasmobranchs and, based on ranked responses, prioritized 20 research questions on elasmobranch conservation. To address these questions, we then convened a group of 47 experts from 35 institutions and 12 countries. The 20 questions were organized into the following broad categories: (1) status and threats, (2) population and ecology, and (3) conservation and management. For each section, we sought to synthesize existing knowledge, describe consensus or diverging views, identify gaps, and suggest promising future directions and research priorities. The resulting synthesis aggregates an array of perspectives on emergent research and priority directions for elasmobranch conservation. |
| id | auteurs | titre | source | resume | a_faire | note | link |
| GFW015 | Enric Sala, Juan Mayorga, Darcy Bradley, Reniel B. Cabral, Trisha B. Atwood, Arnaud Auber, William Cheung, Christopher Costello, Francesco Ferretti, Alan M. Friedlander, Steven D. Gaines, Cristina Garilao, Whitney Goodell, Benjamin S. Halpern, Audra Hinson, Kristin Kaschner, Kathleen Kesner-Reyes, Fabien Leprieur, Jennifer McGowan, Lance E. Morgan, David Mouillot, Juliano Palacios-Abrantes, Hugh P. Possingham, Kristin D. Rechberger, Boris Worm & Jane Lubchenco | Protecting the global ocean for biodiversity, food and climate | GFW | The ocean contains unique biodiversity, provides valuable food resources and is a major sink for anthropogenic carbon. Marine protected areas (MPAs) are an effective tool for restoring ocean biodiversity and ecosystem services1,2, but at present only 2.7% of the ocean is highly protected3. This low level of ocean protection is due largely to conflicts with fisheries and other extractive uses. To address this issue, here we developed a conservation planning framework to prioritize highly protected MPAs in places that would result in multiple benefits today and in the future. We find that a substantial increase in ocean protection could have triple benefits, by protecting biodiversity, boosting the yield of fisheries and securing marine carbon stocks that are at risk from human activities. Our results show that most coastal nations contain priority areas that can contribute substantially to achieving these three objectives of biodiversity protection, food provision and carbon storage. A globally coordinated effort could be nearly twice as efficient as uncoordinated, national-level conservation planning. Our flexible prioritization framework could help to inform both national marine spatial plans4 and global targets for marine conservation, food security and climate action. | Fabrice | https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-021-03371-z | |
| GFW020 | Christopher Costello, Katherine Millage, Sabrina Eisenbarth, Elsa Galarza, Gakushi Ishimura, Laura Lea Rubino, Vienna Saccomanno, U. Rashid Sumaila & Kent Strauss | Ambitious subsidy reform by the WTO presents opportunities for ocean health restoration | GFW | The World Trade Organization (WTO) is in a unique position to deliver on Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 14.6 by reforming global fisheries subsidies in 2020. Yet, a number of unanswered questions threaten to inhibit WTO delegates from crafting a smart agreement that improves global fisheries health. We combine global data on industrial fishing activity, subsidies, and stock assessments to show that: (1) subsidies prop up fishing effort all across the world’s ocean and (2) larger subsidies tend to occur in fisheries that are poorly managed. When combined, this evidence suggests that subsidy reform could have geographically-extensive consequences for many of the world’s largest fisheries. While much work remains to establish causality and make quantitative predictions, this evidence informs the rapidly-evolving policy debate and we conclude with actionable policy suggestions. | Fabrice | https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11625-020-00865-z | |
| GFW023 | Morgan E. Visalli, Benjamin D. Best, Reniel B. Cabral, William W.L. Cheung, Nichola A. Clark, Cristina Garilao, Kristin Kaschner, Kathleen Kesner-Reyes, Vicky W., Y. Lam, Sara M. Maxwell, Juan Mayorga, Holly V. Moeller, Lance Morgan, Guillermo Ortuno Crespo, Malin L. Pinsky, Timothy D. White, Douglas J. McCauley | Data-driven approach for highlighting priority areas for protection in marine areas beyond national jurisdiction | GFW | One of the aims of the United Nations (UN) negotiations on the conservation and sustainable use of marine biodiversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction (ABNJ) is to develop a legal process for the establishment of area-based management tools, including marine protected areas, in ABNJ. Here we use a conservation planning algorithm to integrate 55 global data layers on ABNJ species diversity, habitat heterogeneity, benthic features, productivity, and fishing as a means for highlighting priority regions in ABNJ to be considered for spatial protection. We also include information on forecasted species distributions under climate change. We found that parameterizing the planning algorithm to protect at least 30% of these key ABNJ conservation features, while avoiding areas of high fishing effort, yielded a solution that highlights 52,545,634 km2 (23.7%) of ABNJ as high priority regions for protection. Instructing the planning model to avoid ABNJ areas with high fishing effort resulted in relatively minor shifts in the planning solution, when compared to a separate model that did not consider fishing effort. Integrating information on climate change had a similarly minor influence on the planning solution, suggesting that climate-informed ABNJ protected areas may be able to protect biodiversity now and in the future. This globally standardized, data-driven process for identifying priority ABNJ regions for protection serves as a valuable complement to other expert-driven processes underway to highlight ecologically or biologically significant ABNJ regions. Both the outputs and methods exhibited in this analysis can additively inform UN decision-making concerning establishment of ABNJ protected areas. | Fabrice | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308597X19309194 | |
| GFW024 | Villaseñor-Derbez J.C., Lynham J., Costello C | Environmental market design for large-scale marine conservation | GFW | It is commonly agreed that marine conservation should expand considerably around the world. However, most countries have not yet implemented large-scale no-take Marine Protected Areas (MPAs). When a country closes a large fraction of its waters to fishing, it stands to lose a considerable level of fishery revenue. Although biodiversity and spillover fishing benefits may far exceed these losses, benefits from large-scale MPAs typically accrue to other countries or to the high seas. Here, to overcome this dilemma, we simulate and test an international fisheries management scheme with transferable fishing rights that incentivizes, rather than hinders, large-scale marine conservation. By combining a bioeconomic model of cross-country trading of fishing rights with vessel-level tracking data before and after a large-scale conservation action is implemented, we show that transferable fishing rights and a biomass-based allocation rule are pivotal to incentivize conservation under this market-based setting. Our work focuses on the Vessel Day Scheme (VDS)—an environmental market that is employed by the Parties to the Nauru Agreement (a group of nine Pacific Island nations) to manage their tuna fisheries—and areas in which large-scale conservation interventions have taken place. Overall, these results provide a template for how to incentivize countries to engage in large-scale marine conservation within a market-based setting. | Fabrice | https://www.nature.com/articles/s41893-019-0459-z | |
| GFW025 | John Lynham, Anton Nikolaev, Jennifer Raynor, Thaís Vilela, Juan Carlos Villaseñor-Derbez | Impact of two of the world's largest protected areas on longline fishery catch rates | GFW | Two of the largest protected areas on earth are U.S. National Monuments in the Pacific Ocean. Numerous claims have been made about the impacts of these protected areas on the fishing industry, but there has been no ex post empirical evaluation of their effects. We use administrative data documenting individual fishing events to evaluate the economic impact of the expansion of these two monuments on the Hawaii longline fishing fleet. Surprisingly, catch and catch-per-unit-effort are higher since the expansions began. To disentangle the causal effect of the expansions from confounding factors, we use unaffected control fisheries to perform a difference-in-differences analysis. We find that the monument expansions had little, if any, negative impacts on the fishing industry, corroborating ecological models that have predicted minimal impacts from closing large parts of the Pacific Ocean to fishing. | Fabrice | https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-14588-3#citeas | |
| GFW034 | Manuel Dureuil, Kristina Boerder, Kirsti A. Burnett, Rainer Froese, Boris Worm | Elevated trawling inside protected areas undermines conservation outcomes in a global fishing hot spot | GFW | Marine protected areas (MPAs) are increasingly used as a primary tool to conserve biodiversity. This is particularly relevant in heavily exploited fisheries hot spots such as Europe, where MPAs now cover 29% of territorial waters, with unknown effects on fishing pressure and conservation outcomes. We investigated industrial trawl fishing and sensitive indicator species in and around 727 MPAs designated by the European Union. We found that 59% of MPAs are commercially trawled, and average trawling intensity across MPAs is at least 1.4-fold higher as compared with nonprotected areas. Abundance of sensitive species (sharks, rays, and skates) decreased by 69% in heavily trawled areas. The widespread industrial exploitation of MPAs undermines global biodiversity conservation targets, elevating recent concerns about growing human pressures on protected areas worldwide. | Fabrice | https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.aau0561 | |
| GFW035 | Jessica H. Ford, David Peel, David Kroodsma, Britta Denise Hardesty, Uwe Rosebrock, Chris Wilcox | Detecting suspicious activities at sea based on anomalies in Automatic Identification Systems transmissions | GFW | Automatic Identification Systems (AIS) are a standard feature of ocean-going vessels, designed to allow vessels to notify each other of their position and route, to reduce collisions. Increasingly, the system is being used to monitor vessels remotely, particularly with the advent of satellite receivers. One fundamental problem with AIS transmission is the issue of gaps in transmissions. Gaps occur for three basic reasons: 1) saturation of the system in locations with high vessel density; 2) poor quality transmissions due to equipment on the vessel or receiver; and 3) intentional disabling of AIS transmitters. Resolving which of these mechanisms is responsible for generating gaps in transmissions from a given vessel is a critical task in using AIS to remotely monitor vessels. Moreover, separating saturation and equipment issues from intentional disabling is a key issue, as intentional disabling is a useful risk factor in predicting illicit behaviors such as illegal fishing. We describe a spatial statistical model developed to identify gaps in AIS transmission, which allows calculation of the probability that a given gap is due to intentional disabling. The model we developed successfully identifies high risk gaps in the test case example in the Arafura Sea. Simulations support that the model is sensitive to frequent gaps as short as one hour. Results in this case study area indicate expected high risk vessels were ranked highly for risk of intentional disabling of AIS transmitters. We discuss our findings in the context of improving enforcement opportunities to reduce illicit activities at sea. | Fabrice | https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0201640 | |
| GFW036 | Darcy Bradley, Juan Mayorga, Douglas J. McCauley, Reniel B. Cabral, Patric Douglas, Steven D. Gaines | Leveraging satellite technology to create true shark sanctuaries | GFW | Shark sanctuaries are an ambitious attempt to protect huge areas of ocean space to curtail overfishing of sharks. If shark sanctuaries are to succeed, effective surveillance and enforcement is urgently needed. We use a case study with a high level of illegal shark fishing within a shark sanctuary to help motivate three actionable opportunities to create truly effective shark sanctuaries by leveraging satellite technology: (1) require vessel tracking systems; (2) partner with international research organizations; and (3) ban vessels previously associated with illegal fishing from shark sanctuaries. Sustaining the level of fishing mortality observed in our case study would lead even a healthy shark population to collapse to <10% of its unfished state in fewer than five years. We outline implementations pathways and provide a roadmap to pair new and emerging satellite technologies with existing international agreements to offer new hope for shark conservation successes globally. | Fabrice | https://conbio.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/conl.12610 | |
| GFW037 | Grant R. McDermott, Kyle C. Meng, Gavin G. McDonald, Christopher J. Costello | The blue paradox: Preemptive overfishing in marine reserves | GFW | Most large-scale conservation policies are anticipated or announced in advance. This risks the possibility of preemptive resource extraction before the conservation intervention goes into force. We use a high-resolution dataset of satellite-based fishing activity to show that anticipation of an impending no-take marine reserve undermines the policy by triggering an unintended race-to-fish. We study one of the world’s largest marine reserves, the Phoenix Islands Protected Area (PIPA), and find that fishers more than doubled their fishing effort once this area was earmarked for eventual protected status. The additional fishing effort resulted in an impoverished starting point for PIPA equivalent to 1.5 y of banned fishing. Extrapolating this behavior globally, we estimate that if other marine reserve announcements were to trigger similar preemptive fishing, this could temporarily increase the share of overextracted fisheries from 65% to 72%. Our findings have implications for general conservation efforts as well as the methods that scientists use to monitor and evaluate policy efficacy | Fabrice | https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.1802862115 | |
| GFW039 | Guillermo Ortuño Crespo, Daniel C. Dunn, Gabriel Reygondeau, Kristina Boerder, Boris Worm, William Cheung, Derek P. Tittensor, Patrick N. Halpin | The environmental niche of the global high seas pelagic longline fleet | GFW | International interest in the protection and sustainable use of high seas biodiversity has grown in recent years. There is an opportunity for new technologies to enable improvements in management of these areas beyond national jurisdiction. We explore the spatial ecology and drivers of the global distribution of the high seas longline fishing fleet by creating predictive models of the distribution of fishing effort from newly available automatic identification system (AIS) data. Our results show how longline fishing effort can be predicted using environmental variables, many related to the expected distribution of the species targeted by longliners. We also find that the longline fleet has seasonal environmental preferences (for example, increased importance of cooler surface waters during boreal summer) and may only be using 38 to 64% of the available environmentally suitable fishing habitat. Possible explanations include misclassification of fishing effort, incomplete AIS coverage, or how potential range contractions of pelagic species may have reduced the abundance of fishing habitats in the open ocean. | Fabrice | https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.aat3681 | |
| GFW041 | Kristina Boerder, Nathan A. Miller, Boris Worm | Global hot spots of transshipment of fish catch at sea | GFW | A major challenge in global fisheries is posed by transshipment of catch at sea from fishing vessels to refrigerated cargo vessels, which can obscure the origin of the catch and mask illicit practices. Transshipment remains poorly quantified at a global scale, as much of it is thought to occur outside of national waters. We used Automatic Identification System (AIS) vessel tracking data to quantify spatial patterns of transshipment for major fisheries and gear types. From 2012 to 2017, we observed 10,510 likely transshipment events, with trawlers (53%) and longliners (21%) involved in a majority of cases. Trawlers tended to transship in national waters, whereas longliners did so predominantly on the high seas. Spatial hot spots were seen off the coasts of Russia and West Africa, in the South Indian Ocean, and in the equatorial Pacific Ocean. Our study highlights novel ways to trace seafood supply chains and identifies priority areas for improved trade regulation and fisheries management at the global scale. | Fabrice | https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.aat7159 | |
| GFW045 | Cabral R.B., Mayorga J., Clemence M. et al. | Rapid and lasting gains from solving illegal fishing | GFW | Perhaps the greatest challenge facing global fisheries is that recovery often requires substantial short-term reductions in fishing effort, catches and profits. These costs can be onerous and are borne in the present; thus, many countries are unwilling to undertake such socially and politically unpopular actions. We argue that many nations can recover their fisheries while avoiding these short-term costs by sharply addressing illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing. This can spur fishery recovery, often at little or no cost to local economies or food provision. Indonesia recently implemented aggressive policies to curtail the high levels of IUU fishing it experiences from foreign-flagged vessels. We show that Indonesia’s policies have reduced total fishing effort by at least 25%, illustrating with empirical evidence the possibility of achieving fishery reform without short-term losses to the local fishery economy. Compared with using typical management reforms that would require a 15% reduction in catch and 16% reduction in profit, the approach of curtailing IUU has the potential to generate a 14% increase in catch and a 12% increase in profit. Applying this model globally, we find that addressing IUU fishing could facilitate similar rapid, long-lasting fisheries gains in many regions of the world. | Fabrice | https://www.nature.com/articles/s41559-018-0499-1 | |
| GFW047 | Kroodsma D.A., Miller N.A., Roan A. | The Global View of Transshipment: Revised Preliminary Findings. Global Fishing Watch, SkyTruth | GFW | Transshipment at sea, the offloading of catch from a fishing vessel to a refrigerated cargo vessel far from port, obscures the actual source of the catch and is a significant pathway for illegally caught fish to enter the legitimate seafood market. Occurring out of sight and over the horizon, the practice enables other nefarious activity, ranging from smuggling to human trafficking. Increasing the transparency of transshipment could improve fisheries management and reduce human rights abuses. To address this gap in transparency, SkyTruth and Global Fishing Watch analyzed over 21 billion positional Automatic Identification System (AIS) messages from ocean-going vessels between 2012 and July 2017, and we identified and tracked 641 vessels with refrigerated cargo holds (“reefers”) capable of transshipping at sea and transporting fish. We mapped 71,468 instances where these vessels loitered at sea long enough to receive a transshipment, events that we call “potential rendezvous,” and 5,783 instances where we see a fishing vessel near a loitering transshipment vessel long enough to engage in transshipment. We call those “likely rendezvous.” We considered only events that occurred at sea, ignoring transshipments at port, which are generally less of a management challenge. Our key findings include: 1.AIS can be used to monitor transshipment behavior. Because almost all transshipment vessels are equipped with AIS and keep their devices turned on most of the time, we can create a map showing where and when these vessels exhibit behavior consistent with transshipment. Also, for a portion of these events, the fishing vessels meeting with transshipment vessels use AIS as well, and we can identify both vessels. The result is a first-ever global footprint of transshipments at sea. AIS also allows us to track which ports these transshipment vessels visit following likely and potential rendezvous, adding another layer of transparency. 2.Transshipment behaviors are associated with patterns of illegal, unreported, or unregulated fishing (IUU). In many countries with comparatively high levels of fisheries management, such as in North America and Europe, we see relatively little transshipment behavior. In general, we find that transshipment is more common in regions with a high proportion of IUU fishing, and we find interesting patterns of rendezvous clustering along the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) boundaries of some countries. These correlations do not provide definitive proof of specific illegal behavior, but they raise important questions to be addressed by further investigation. 3.Addressing transshipment will require global cooperation. About 42 percent of the likely and potential rendezvous occur on the high seas, an area that by definition requires international cooperation to manage. An analysis of the flags flown by vessels engaged in transshipment behavior shows a complicated web of relationships. Forty percent of the potential and likely rendezvous are by vessels flying flags of convenience, meaning they are registered in a country with minimal regulation and oversight. Apart from Russian transshipment vessels, which typically only meet up with Russian fishing vessels, we see likely rendezvous between vessels from a diverse range of nations and flag states. Finally, an analysis of transshipment vessel voyages shows that some vessels travel the entire globe, transferring catch literally around the world. All of these facts point to the management challenge of transshipment: managing it will require the cooperation of many nations. In this revised report, we share these findings and suggest the next steps to address the transnational challenge that transshipments represent. We cover: -Methodology for creating a global transshipment dataset; - Relationships between transshipment and IUU; - Patterns of transshipment in strategic locations along EEZ boundaries; - Ports that transshipment vessels visit after likely rendezvous; - Flag states involved in transshipment behavior; - Two case studies of transshipment vessel behavior; - Next steps: New Data, Analyses, and Partnerships. Our list of likely and suspected rendezvous is now published on our website, globalfishingwatch.org. These data are available to the broader community to better understand transshipments and improve the transparency of this industry. Later this year we will also publish much of the code used to generate these data. A note on this revised report: This report is an updated version of a report released by Global Fishing Watch and SkyTruth in February of 2017. We have since received feedback from the wider community, which we have incorporated into revisions of our dataset and the figures in this report. Notable updates include: - Our original report referred to "potential transshipments" and "likely transshipments." We have substituted these labels with "potential rendezvous" and "likely rendezvous" to accommodate readers who believed using "transshipment" was too definitive. Our new language better allows for the possibility that rendezvous may represent something other than transshipment, as vessels may meet at sea for a number of reasons; - More than 300 vessels were flagged by our readers as being potentially unable to transship at sea. We reviewed each of these vessels, one by one, and while we found 111 were capable of transshipment at sea, 216 vessels from our original list are likely only capable of transshipping in port. These 216 vessels have been removed from our database. In our original report, these vessels accounted for 0.3% and 7.1% of likely and potential transshipments respectively. Although this new analysis shows they were unlikely to have engaged in transshipment, the overall patterns of transshipment behavior on a global scale remain unchanged from our original report; - Additions: We have added 97 new transshipment vessels to our database and extended our analysis of both potential and likely rendezvous through June 23 of 2017 (original analysis ran through December 31st of 2016), identifying an additional 699 likely rendezvous. | Fabrice | Executive summary | https://globalfishingwatch.org/wp-content/uploads/GlobalViewOfTransshipment_Aug2017.pdf |
| GFW051,GS043 | Robards MD,Silber GK,Adams JD,Arroyo J,Lorenzini D,Schwehr K,Amos J | Conservation science and policy applications of the marine vessel Automatic Identification System (AIS)—a review | GFW,GS | The continued development of maritime transportation around the world, and increased recognition of the direct and indirect impacts of vessel activities to marine resources, has prompted interest in better understanding vessel operations and their effects on the environment. Such an understanding has been facilitated by Automatic Identification Systems (AIS), a mandatory vessel communication and navigational safety system that was adopted by the International Maritime Organization in 2000 for use in collision avoidance, coastal surveillance, and traffic management. AIS is an effective tool for accomplishing navigational safety goals, and by doing so, can provide critical pre-emptive maritime safety benefits, but also provides a data opportunity with which to understand and help mitigate the impacts of maritime traffic on the marine environment and wildlife. However, AIS was not designed with research or conservation planning in mind, leading to significant challenges in fully benefiting from use of the data for these purposes. We review present experiences using AIS data for strategic conservation applications, and then focus on efforts to ensure archived and real-time AIS data for key variables reflect the best available science (of known limitations and biases). We finish with a suite of recommendations for users of the data and for policy makers. | Fabrice | http://vislab-ccom.unh.edu/~schwehr/papers/2016-RobardsEtAl-AIS-conservation.pdf | |
| GFW052 | Erico N. de Souza, Kristina Boerder, Stan Matwin, Boris Worm | Improving Fishing Pattern Detection from Satellite AIS Using Data Mining and Machine Learning | GFW | A key challenge in contemporary ecology and conservation is the accurate tracking of the spatial distribution of various human impacts, such as fishing. While coastal fisheries in national waters are closely monitored in some countries, existing maps of fishing effort elsewhere are fraught with uncertainty, especially in remote areas and the High Seas. Better understanding of the behavior of the global fishing fleets is required in order to prioritize and enforce fisheries management and conservation measures worldwide. Satellite-based Automatic Information Systems (S-AIS) are now commonly installed on most ocean-going vessels and have been proposed as a novel tool to explore the movements of fishing fleets in near real time. Here we present approaches to identify fishing activity from S-AIS data for three dominant fishing gear types: trawl, longline and purse seine. Using a large dataset containing worldwide fishing vessel tracks from 2011–2015, we developed three methods to detect and map fishing activities: for trawlers we produced a Hidden Markov Model (HMM) using vessel speed as observation variable. For longliners we have designed a Data Mining (DM) approach using an algorithm inspired from studies on animal movement. For purse seiners a multi-layered filtering strategy based on vessel speed and operation time was implemented. Validation against expert-labeled datasets showed average detection accuracies of 83% for trawler and longliner, and 97% for purse seiner. Our study represents the first comprehensive approach to detect and identify potential fishing behavior for three major gear types operating on a global scale. We hope that this work will enable new efforts to assess the spatial and temporal distribution of global fishing effort and make global fisheries activities transparent to ocean scientists, managers and the public. | Fabrice | https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0158248 | |
| GFW053 | Douglas J. McCauley , Paul Woods, Brian Sullivan, Bjorn Bergman, Caroline Jablonicky, Aaron Roan, Michael Hirshfield, Kristina Boerder, Boris Worm | Ending hide and seek at sea | GFW | The ocean remains the least observed part of our planet. This deficiency was made obvious by two recent developments in ocean governance: the emerging global movement to create massive marine protected areas (MPAs) (1) and a new commitment by the United Nations (UN) to develop a legally binding treaty to better manage high-seas biodiversity (2). Both policy goals cause us to confront whether it is meaningful to legislate change in ocean areas that we have little capacity to observe transparently. Correspondingly, there has been a surge in interest in the potential of publicly accessible data from automatic ship identification systems (AIS) to fill gaps in ocean observation. We demonstrate how AIS data can be used to empower and propel forward a new era of spatially ambitious marine governance and research. The value of AIS, however, is inextricably linked to the strength of policies by which it is backed. | Fabrice | https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.aad5686 | |
| GS003 | Malarky L,Lowell B | Avoiding detection: Global case studies of possible AIS avoidance | GS | Oceana highlighted cases of commercial fishing vessels “going dark” to public tracking systems around the world. Despite the associated safety benefits for vessels to use the Automatic Identification System (AIS), a ship’s crew may turn off this public tracking system to hide its location. Global Fishing Watcha (www.globalfishingwatch.org) uses public broadcast data from AIS to track the movement of fishing vessels to determine apparent fishing activity, and Oceana uses the technology to identify potentially suspicious activities at sea. In this report, Oceana identifies events where a ship’s AIS transponder was possibly turned off, which include: • A Panamanian purse seine vessel that seemed to disappear from public tracking systems for 15 days while operating near the border of the Galápagos Marine Reserve. • An Australian longliner that exhibited a pattern of potentially evasive AIS behavior by appearing to disable its AIS near the Heard Island and McDonalds Islands exclusive economic zone and marine reserve on 10 separate occasions during the period of just over one year. • A Spanish trawler that appeared to repeatedly turn off its AIS transponder when approaching the border between Senegal and The Gambia’s national waters over a period of at least one and a half years. • A Spanish purse seiner that appeared to turn off its AIS signal consistently over a seven-month period while operating in the national waters of at least five African countries as well as on the high seas. Proprietary Vessel Monitoring System (VMS) data can complement AIS; however, except for a few countries, VMS data can only be viewed by government or intergovernmental monitoring and enforcement agencies. Oceana is working to help stop illegal fishing, increase transparency at sea, and to require traceability of all seafood. To those ends, Oceana urges governments to require all commercial fishing vessels to be equipped with and continually transmit tamper-resistant AIS technology. These tracking systems are essential for transparency and public accountability of global fishing operations. In addition, they improve maritime safety and can help combat illegal fishing and increase compliance of laws and regulations. | Fabrice | Executive summary | https://usa.oceana.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/4/ais_onoff_report_final_5.pdf |
| GS004 | Kerry CR,Exeter OM,Witt MJ | Monitoring global fishing activity in proximity to seamounts using automatic identification systems | GS | Seamounts are prominent features of the seafloor that are often located in Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction (ABNJs). Whilst comprehensive biological information is lacking on most of these features, they have been recognised for hosting high biodiversity across multiple trophic levels. Technological advancements have enabled greater exploitation of biological resources further offshore with increasing concern over the long-term impacts of anthropogenic activities on vulnerable distant and deep-sea habitats. Analysis of ex situ vessel tracking technologies such as Automatic Identification Systems (AIS) have enabled spatial patterns of fishing activity to be monitored over large geographical areas. In this study, analysis of fishing activity within 30 km of seamount summits at the global scale found that these features within the waters of the Pacific Island Group and the Mediterranean Sea were subject to the highest levels of longlining and trawling activities respectively. Fishing in proximity to seamounts is dominated by the flag states of Taiwan, China, Japan, South Korea and Spain. Furthermore, our results reveal that the majority of sea areas managed by many Regional Fishery Management Organisations (RFMOs) have experienced increased fishing activity at seamounts compared to areas in the same ocean basin without management. This study demonstrates how free web-accessible data can be used to gain insights into remote areas where in situ research is prohibitively expensive and logistically challenging. | Fabrice | https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/faf.12647 | |
| GS005 | Winnard S,Hochberg T,Miller N,Kroodsma D,Small C,Augustyn P | A new method using AIS data to obtain independent compliance data to determine mitigation use at sea | GS | Seabird mitigation measures use is a requirement for all pelagic longline vessels south of 25oS in the Atlantic and Indian Ocean, and south of 30oS in the Pacific. Monitoring the implementation of these measures is difficult due to low levels of observer coverage and the remote environment operations are conducted. Recent advances in technology provide opportunities for improved compliance monitoring at minimal cost. Here we describe a novel method for monitoring night setting compliance using Global Fishing Watch’s AIS data. We assessed more than ~61,000 sets by over 300 vessels for compliance with night setting regulations using a convolutional neural network. Results indicate that in areas where seabird mitigation measures are required a maximum of ~15% of sets have less than two hours overlap with daylight, and the percentage of sets fully compliant with night setting could be much lower (<5%). In future, technology could be used for monitoring night-setting compliance at a broad scale by Member States, RFMOs and the wider public. | Fabrice | https://www.ccsbt.org/system/files/CC13_Info03_BLI_AIS_MitigationUse_Rev1.pdf | |
| GS006 | Kalaiselvi VKG,Ranjani J,Sm VK,Others | Illegal fishing detection using neural network | GS | Illegal fishing has become a worldwide concern resulting in drastic ecological consequences due to activities like overfishing. It is statistically shown that about 11–20 million tonnes of fish have been caught illegally on an annual basis, which amounts to 14%–33% of the global annual fishing catch. The estimated illegal fishing catch is totaled to be around $23 Billion. The vessel's ability to dredge, deplete and damage has lowered the fish stock to 65.8% in 2017 from 90% in 1990 within the biologically sustainable levels. To serve the preservation of biodiversity, illegal fishing detection provides an inclusive analysis strategy on the available data from the automatic identification system (AIS), the relative position of a vessel could be identified and the radar detection aids the tracking of vessels. The data is gathered by satellites and terrestrial receivers which is analyzed by The Global Fishing Watch (GFW) organization. The model based on AIS data, speed of the vessel, and vessel type is used to predict the fishing status of a vessel. The model processes the data being fed and targets the vessel by behavior identification and the likelihood of illegal activity could be monitored. | Grégoire | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9767876 | |
| GS007 | Watch GF | Fisheries Intelligence Report | GS | Since mid 2019 a dramatic increase in Automatic Identification System (AIS) data indicates significant levels of foreign fishing vessel activity that is consistent with fishing operations in the Northwest Indian Ocean (NWIO) region, including on the high seas and inside the Somalia and Yemen EEZs. A small amount of activity was also observed inside Oman EEZ but this is not a focus for this report. From January 2019 to 14 April 2020, 202 fishing vessels and 146 fishing net markers transmitting on AIS have been identified operating inside EEZs in the NWIO region. While these numbers are large, the AIS analysis of the AIS net markers and data from remote sensing techniques in fact suggests the foreign fleets operating in the region are significantly larger that what can be seen from the AIS alone. The tracks from these AIS transponders are consistent with fishing activity. If no license has been issued to these vessels it indicates that illegal fishing by these fleets is a major concern. These activities threaten food and maritime security in the region and represent a considerable loss of potential revenue to the Coastal States. The likely fishing gear used by this fleet is pelagic gillnets; these are a high bycatch fishing gear including sharks and turtles. To mitigate this impact on the high seas this gear type is legally limited by IOTC to 2.5 km long; however reports from sources in Pakistan indicate nets are being used that are significantly longer than this. It is not known if Somalia or Yemen has national limitations on these gears, if so then this may constitute further illegal activity. Inspection of these vessels should confirm gear type and include the length of the nets used. |
Grégoire | https://globalfishingwatch.org/wp-content/uploads/GFW-TMT-2020.pdf | |
| GS008 | Hsu WW,Hong WS,Hu RH,Wang HH,Zhao JY | A Framework to Learn Behaviours of Flag of Convenience Fishing Vessel Activities | GS | Flag of convenience (FOC) vessels is a common practice in which vessel owners register their ship in another country other than the ship owners. This policy creates difficulties in enforcing regulations from the owners company. Mainly, FOC vessels are usually a part of the dark fleet. These vessels are typically invisible to the authorities because they are registered abroad and create problems in management. In fisheries, illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) activities often use FOC vessels as cover. Typically, the country of origin is unable to track vessels registered as FOCs. Thus third-party information must be acquired to detect FOC interactions with domestic vessels. In this research, with the Global Fishing Watch providing information of FOCs and along with our data aggregation techniques, methods are developed to detect and monitor FOC vessels conducting activities with domestic vessels and enforce laws to prevent IUU actions. | Grégoire | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9301936 | |
| GS010 | Block B,Ferretti F,White T,De Leo G,Hazen EL,Bograd SJ | Assessing Anthropogenic Impacts on Tunas, Sharks and Billfishes with Direct Observations of Human Fishers on the High Seas | GS | Anthropogenic impacts on marine predators have been examined within exclusive economic zones, but few data sets have enabled assessing human fishing impacts on the high seas. By combining large electronic tagging databases archiving mobile predator movements (e.g. Tagging of Pacific Pelagics, TAG A Giant, Animal Telemetry Network) with the global fishing catch and fishing effort data, from satellite tracks of vessels on the high seas (AIS), a better understanding of human use and exploitation at a global scale can be obtained. This capacity to combine the movements of mobile ocean predators (tunas, sharks, billfishes) with analyses of their human predator's behaviors, via examination of the global fishing fleet activities is unprecedented due to the new access researchers are garnering to these big satellite derived AIS databases. Global Fishing Watch is one example of such a data provider, that now makes accessible, the AIS data from the global community of maritime vessels, and has developed along with researchers new algorithms that delineate distinct types of fishing vessel behaviors (longline, purse seiner) and effort. When combined with satellite tagging data of mobile apex predators, oceanographic preferences, records of fishing fleets catches, targeted species and economic drivers of fisheries, new quantitative insights can be gained about the catch reporting of fleets, and the pelagic species targeted at a global scale. Research communities can now also examine how humans behave on the high seas, and potentially improve how fish stocks, such as tunas, billfishes, and sharks are exploited. The capacity to gather information on diverse human fishing fleets and behaviors remotely, should provide a wealth of new tools that can potentially be applied toward the resource management efforts surrounding these global fishing fleets. This type of information is essential for prioritizing regions of conservation concern for megaufauna swimming in our oceans. | Grégoire | https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016AGUFMOS14A..01B/abstract | |
| GS011 | Gutierrez M,Daniels A,Jobbins G | Fishing for data | GS | New technologies offer unique opportunities to support fisheries monitoring, control and surveillance, particularly for countries without the means to patrol their waters or enforce legislation against illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing and overfishing. • Developed countries and multilateral organisations have been slow to exploit these opportunities, and have failed to produce a single, effective, public global fisheries information tool. • Private initiatives tackling overfishing and IUU fishing using satellite and data technologies have emerged in recent years to bridge this gap, but their potential is undermined by the limited size and insufficient quality of their datasets. • Better data management and closer collaboration between these initiatives is needed, alongside improved fisheries governance and greater efforts to tackle corruption and curtail practices including the use of flags of convenience and secret fisheries agreements |
Grégoire | https://cdn.odi.org/media/documents/11999.pdf | |
| GS017 | Watson RA,Tidd A | Mapping nearly a century and a half of global marine fishing: 1869--2015 | GS | Understanding global fisheries patterns contributes significantly to their management. By combining harmonized unmapped data sources with maps from satellite tracking data, regional tuna management organisations, the ranges of fished taxa, the access of fleets and the logistics of associated fishing gears the expansion and intensification of marine fisheries for nearly a century and half (1869–2015) is illustrated. Estimates of industrial, non-industrial reported, illegal/unreported (IUU) and discards reveal changes in country dominance, catch composition and fishing gear use. Catch of industrial and non-industrial marine fishing by year, fishing country, taxa and gear by 30-min spatial cell broken to reported, IUU and discards is available. Results show a historical increase in bottom trawl with corresponding reduction in the landings from seines. Though diverse, global landings are now dominated by demersal and small pelagic species. | Grégoire | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0308597X18300605 | |
| GS021 | Woodill AJ,Kavanaugh M,Harte M,Watson JR | Ocean seascapes predict distant-water fishing vessel incursions into exclusive economic zones | GS | Many of the world's most important fisheries are experiencing illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing, thereby undermining efforts to sustainably conserve and manage fish stocks. A major challenge to ending IUU fishing is improving our ability to identify whether a vessel is fishing illegally and where illegal fishing is likely to occur in the ocean. However, monitoring the oceans is costly, time-consuming, and logistically challenging for maritime authorities to patrol. To address this problem, we use vessel tracking data and machine learning to predict whether a distant-water fishing vessel is fishing within the Argentine exclusive economic zone (EEZ) on the Patagonian Shelf, one of the world's most productive regions for fisheries. We combine vessel location data with oceanographic seascapes—classes of oceanic areas based on oceanographic variables—and other remotely sensed oceanographic variables to train a series of machine learning models of varying levels of complexity. These models are able to predict whether a distant-water fishing vessel is operating inside the EEZ with 69%–96% confidence, depending on the year and predictor variables used. These results offer a promising step towards pre-empting illegal activities, rather than reacting to them forensically. | Grégoire | https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/faf.12559 | |
| GS023 | Watson R | Global Fisheries Landings V4. 0 | GS | Global fisheries landings supplied by a number of agencies (FAO/UN, CCAMLR, NAFO, ICES etc) are mapped to 30-min spatial cells based on the range/gradient of the reported taxon, the spatial access of the reporting country's fleets, and the original reporting area. This data is separated to industrial and non-industrial fishing and associated with types of fishing gears. Estimates of illegal, unreported and unallocated landings are included as are estimates of the weight of fisheries products discarded at sea. For appropriate records, spatial information from tuna regional management organisations and satellite-based vessel Automatic Identification System (AIS) were used to allow greater precision. Mapping the source of fisheries capture allows investigation of the impacts of fishing and the vulnerability of fishing (with its associate food security implications) to climate change impacts. This is the most current version of the Global Fisheries Landings dataset. | Grégoire | https://researchdata.edu.au/global-fisheries-landings-v40/1361113 | |
| GS028 | Watson R | Global Fisheries Landings V3. 0 [ARCHIVED VERSION] | GS | NOTE THIS IS AN ARCHIVED VERSION OF THE GLOBAL FISHERIES LANDING DATA. The current version of the data is available from https://metadata.imas.utas.edu.au/geonetwork/srv/eng/catalog.search#/metadata/5c4590d3-a45a-4d37-bf8b-ecd145cb356d and should be used for all future analyses from 16/01/2019. For any questions about version changes to this dataset, please contact the Point of Contact nominated in this record. Global fisheries landings supplied by a number of agencies (FAO/UN, CCAMLR, NAFO, ICES etc) are mapped to 30-min spatial cells based on the range/gradient of the reported taxon, the spatial access of the reporting country's fleets, and the original reporting area. This data is separated to industrial and non-industrial fishing and associated with types of fishing gears. Estimates of illegal, unreported and unallocated landings are included as are estimates of the weight of fisheries products discarded at sea. For appropriate records, spatial information from tuna regional management organisations and satellite-based vessel Automatic Identification System (AIS) were used to allow greater precision. Mapping the source of fisheries capture allows investigation of the impacts of fishing and the vulnerability of fishing (with its associate food security implications) to climate change impacts. | Grégoire | https://researchdata.edu.au/global-fisheries-landings-archived-version/1730355/?refer_q=rows=15/sort=score%20desc/class=collection/p=1/q=Global%20Fisheries%20Landings%20V3.%200%20%5BARCHIVED%20VERSION%5D/ | |
| GS029 | Frankish CK,Phillips RA,Clay TA,Somveille M,Manica A | Environmental drivers of movement in a threatened seabird: insights from a mechanistic model and implications for conservation | GS | Abstract Aim Determining the drivers of movement of different life-history stages is crucial for understanding age-related changes in survival rates and, for marine top predators, the link between fisheries overlap and incidental mortality (bycatch), which is driving population declines in many taxa. Here, we combine individual tracking data and a movement model to investigate the environmental drivers and conservation implications of divergent movement patterns in juveniles (fledglings) and adults of a threatened seabird, the white-chinned petrel (Procellaria aequinoctialis). Location South-west Atlantic Ocean. Methods We compare the spatial distributions and movement characteristics of juvenile, breeding and non-breeding adult petrels, and apply a mechanistic movement model to investigate the extent to which chlorophyll a concentrations (a proxy for food resources) and ocean surface winds drive their divergent distribution patterns. We also consider the conservation implications by determining the relative overlap of each life-history stage with fishing intensity and reported fishing effort (proxies for bycatch risk). Results Naïve individuals fledged with similar flight capabilities (based on distances travelled, flight speeds and track sinuosity) to adults but differed in their trajectories. Comparison of simulations from the mechanistic model with real tracks showed that juvenile movements are best predicted by prevailing wind patterns, whereas adults are attracted to food resources on the Patagonian Shelf. The juveniles initially dispersed to less productive oceanic waters than those used by adults, and overlapped less with fishing activity; however, as they moved westwards towards South America, bycatch risk increased substantially. Main conclusions The use of a mechanistic framework provided insights into the ontogeny of movement strategies within the context of learned versus innate behaviour and demonstrated that divergent movement patterns of adults and juveniles can have important implications for the conservation of threatened seabirds. |
Grégoire | https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ddi.13130 | |
| GS030 | Xing Q,Yu H,Wang H,Ito SI,Chai F | Mesoscale eddies modulate the dynamics of human fishing activities in the global midlatitude ocean | GS | Frequent fishing activities are causing overfishing, destroying the habitat of marine life, and threatening global marine biodiversity. Understanding the dynamics of fishing activities and their drivers is crucial for designing and implementing effective ocean management. The fishing activities in the open sea are reported to be characterized by high spatial variability in local waters; however, it is still unclear whether their high spatial variability is random or regulated by oceanographic variations. Mesoscale eddies are ubiquitous swirling currents that dominate locally biogeochemical processes. Previous case studies presented an ongoing debate regarding how eddies exert impacts on high trophic organisms, which imposes limitations on understanding the dynamics of fishing activities based on the bottom-top control hypothesis from eddies to fish and fishing activities. By combining global fishing activities from deep learning and oceanic eddy atlases from satellite monitoring, we showed that the spatial variations in fishing activities were closely related to mesoscale eddies in the global midlatitude ocean, confirming that fishing activities primarily targeting tuna, were aggregated in (repelled from) anticyclonic (cyclonic) eddy cores. This eddy-fishing activity relationship was opposite to satellite-observed primary production but corresponded well with the temperature and oxygen content in deeper water. By integrating existing evidence, we attribute eddy-related fishing activities to a reasonable hypothesis that warm and oxygen-rich deeper water in anticyclonic eddies relieves the thermal and anoxic constraints for diving predation by tuna while the constraints are aggravated in cold and oxygen-poor cyclonic eddies. | Grégoire | https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/faf.12742 | |
| GS032 | Vasudevan R,Chola C | AI Based Approach for Transshipment Detection in the Maritime Domain | GS | The identification of transshipment events at sea, employs a spatial-temporal Machine Learning(ML) framework. This research leverages domain expertise to identify specific features indicative of transshipment activities in the maritime environment. The study refines the set of features necessary for accurately classifying these activities. Our findings reveal that features derived from vessel maneuvering characteristics prove to be highly effective in identifying transshipment events. Additionally, Ensemble classifier models, trained on a dataset using stratified k-fold cross-validation, achieved an impressive F1 score of 0.998. To enhance the dataset, the study suggests incorporating information related to external factors and utilizing data from additional sensors. Overall this research presents a pioneering approach in the maritime sector, contributing to the surveillance of vessels in a novel approach. | Grégoire | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/10580624 | |
| GS033 | Welch H,Clavelle T,White TD,Cimino MA,Van Osdel J,Hochberg T,Kroodsma D,Hazen EL | Hotspots of Unseen Fishing Vessels Illuminate Areas of Concern for Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing | GS | Illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing incurs an annual cost of up to US$25 billion in economic losses, results in substantial losses of aquatic life, and has been linked to human rights violations. Vessel tracking data from the automatic identification system (AIS) are powerful tools for combating IUU, yet AIS transponders can be disabled, reducing its efficacy as a surveillance tool. We present a global dataset of AIS disabling in commercial fisheries, which obscures up to 6% (>4.9 M hours) of vessel activity. Disabling hot spots were located near the exclusive economic zones (EEZs) of Argentina and West African nations and in the Northwest Pacific, all regions of IUU concern. Disabling was highest near transshipment hot spots and near EEZ boundaries, particularly contested ones. We also found links between disabling and location hiding from competitors and pirates. These inferences on where and why activities are obscured provide valuable information to improve fisheries management. | Grégoire | https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/srhreports/iuufishing/iuufishing/167/ | |
| GS034 | Guggisberg S | The roles of nongovernmental actors in improving compliance with fisheries regulations | GS | Nongovernmental actors play several important roles in promoting compliance with international fisheries regulations. These roles consist on the one hand in monitoring, investigating and reporting occurrences of illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing, and, on the other hand, in direct actions in coastal States’ exclusive economic zones and on the high seas. Some of these actions, in particular data gathering and sharing, fall squarely within the existing regime of the law of the sea. Other actions, such as some types of direct actions on the high seas, may be legally more questionable. In any case, the nongovernmental nature of the actors raises issues of efficiency, accountability, authority and allocation of responsibility. Notwithstanding expected resistance to reform from States and non-State actors, there is a clear need to adapt and clarify the legal regime, at the risk otherwise of undermining the rule of law. | Grégoire | https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/reel.12304 | |
| GS041 | Kuczenski B,Vargas Poulsen C,Gilman EL,Musyl M,Geyer R,Wilson J | Plastic gear loss estimates from remote observation of industrial fishing activity | GS | Derelict fishing gear is a highly visible source of marine plastic pollution, causing mortality and ecosystem degradation with uncertain long‐term consequences. The quantity of derelict gear entering the oceans remains unknown because of heterogeneity in fishing gear and effort, as well as inadequate monitoring. Prior studies have been limited in scope to specific fisheries and regions, and large‐scale estimates lack an empirical basis. It is critically important for decision makers to have credible information in order to design effective remediation efforts. We estimated the amount of industrial fishing effort and the associated plastic debris entering the ocean globally each year from lost fishing gear. Using remote observations of fishing vessel activity paired with technical fishing gear models, we generated a bounding estimate for gear operation and loss worldwide in 2018. We estimate that industrial trawl, purse‐seine and pelagic longline fisheries operated 2.1 Mt of plastic gear over 2018 to obtain 49.7 Mt of retained and discarded catch, representing 74% of industrial marine capture globally. The median estimate for plastic gear lost during the use of these gear types was 48.4 kt (95% confidence interval: 28.4–99.5 kt). This estimate excludes abandoned and discarded gear. Improved observation, especially of small‐scale fisheries, is needed to better understand the sources of derelict gear. These findings serve as a benchmark for future monitoring and management efforts to reduce derelict gear in the global ocean. | Grégoire | https://www.researchgate.net/publication/353573586_Plastic_gear_loss_estimates_from_remote_observation_of_industrial_fishing_activity | |
| GS042 | Song AM,Scholtens J,Barclay K,Bush SR,Fabinyi M,Adhuri DS,Haughton M | Collateral damage? Small-scale fisheries in the global fight against IUU fishing | GS | Concern over illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing has led to a number of policy, trade and surveillance measures. While much attention has been given to the impact of IUU regulation on industrial fleets, recognition of the distinct impacts on small-scale fisheries is conspicuously lacking from the policy and research debate. In this paper, we outline three ways in which the application of IUU discourse and regulation undermines small-scale fisheries. First, the mainstream construction of “illegal,” “unreported” and “unregulated” fishing, and also the categorical use of “IUU” in an all-inclusive sense, disregards the diversity, legitimacy and sustainability of small-scale fisheries practices and their governing systems. Second, we explore how the recent trade-related measures to counter IUU fishing mask and reinforce existing inequalities between different sectors and countries, creating an unfair burden on small-scale fisheries and countries who depend on them. Third, as IUU fishing is increasingly approached as “organized crime,” there is a risk of inappropriately targeting small-scale fisheries, at times violently. Reflecting on these three trends, we propose three strategies by which a more sensitive and ultimately more equitable incorporation of small-scale fisheries can be supported in the global fight against IUU fishing. | Grégoire | https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/faf.12462 | |
| GS044 | Willis-Norton E,Mangin T,Schroeder DM,Cabral RB,Gaines SD | A synthesis of socioeconomic and sociocultural indicators for assessing the impacts of offshore renewable energy on fishery participants and fishing communities | GS | Offshore renewable energy, particularly wind farms, is rapidly expanding globally and has become an essential component of many coastal nations’ decarbonization plans, including the United States. The addition of these physical structures to the marine space may impact fish production and may preclude fishers from traditional fishing grounds - both of which have the potential to affect fisheries outcomes. Understanding the socioeconomic and sociocultural impacts of implementing offshore wind is crucial to determining appropriate mitigation strategies and to developing data collection, monitoring, and adaptive management strategies. This review synthesizes quantitative and qualitative indicators that have been used to assess the impact of fisheries preclusion and shifts in fished species’ biomass on fishery participants. By providing a description of the indicator, a list of the datasets required to calculate its value, and a list of studies that used the indicator, this review can serve as a guide to those designing monitoring plans to determine socioeconomic and sociocultural offshore wind impacts. | Grégoire | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308597X24000113 | |
| GS045 | Müller OJ,Peters K | Positioning possibilities for human geographies of the sea: Automatic Identification Systems and its role in spatialising understandings of shipping | GS | This paper positions possibilities for human geographies of the sea. The growing volume of work under this banner has been largely qualitative in its approach, reflecting, in turn, the questions posed by oceanic scholars. These questions necessitate corresponding methods. Whilst this is not necessarily a problem, and the current corpus of work has offered many significant contributions, in making sense of the human dimensions of maritime worlds, other questions—and methods—may generate knowledge that is useful within this remit of work. This paper considers the place of quantitative approaches in posing lines of enquiry about shipping, one of the prominent areas of concern under the banner of ‘human geographies of the seas’. There is longstanding work in transport geographies concerned with shipping, logistics, freight movement and global connections, which embraces quantitative methods which could be bridged to ask fresh questions about oceanic spatial phenomena past and present. This paper reviews the state of the art of human geographies of the sea and transport geographies and navigates how the former field may be stimulated by some of the interests of the latter and a broader range of questions about society-sea-space relations. The paper focuses on Automatic Identification Systems (or AIS) as a potentially useful tool for connecting debates, and deepening spatial understandings of the seas and shipping beyond current scholarship. To advance the argument the example of shipping layups is used to illustrate or rather, position, the point. | Grégoire | https://compass.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/gec3.12741 | |
| GS046 | Nomura KJ,Woodill AJ,Sweeney J,Harte M,Jameal FS,Watson JR | Emergent geopolitical risks from fishing activities and past conflicts in the Pacific Ocean | GS | Pacific Ocean longline fisheries support numerous international fleets targeting various species. However, global fishing activities has increased the density of vessels flagged to different countries fishing near each other. Such spatial competition increases the risk of fisheries conflicts by potentially introducing resource sharing, gear interactions, or territorial disputes. As international fisheries conflicts increase and fishing patterns evolve, it is important to know who is fishing nearby whom, and where. Enduring rivalries, or countries with historical disputes, can also contribute to a cycle of future conflicts. Here, we use network and geospatial analyses to examine which countries, country pairs, and regions in the Pacific Ocean may be at an elevated risk of fisheries conflict from spatial competition and enduring rivalries. Certain countries dominate fishing activities: Taiwan and Chinese-flagged vessels fish the largest area at 64 million km2 each (33 % greater than the next ranked country), with 7.9 and 7.2 million fishing hours respectively (nearly 2 times greater than the next ranked country). These countries and others (Japan, United States, South Korea) rank among the highest in conflict risk because of large overlapping fishing areas with enduring rivals. International diversity is most widespread in the tropical Pacific, though highest in the south Pacific, reflecting international participation in tropical bigeye and yellowfin fisheries and south albacore fisheries. High-risk regions primarily occur in the tropical Pacific across jurisdictions and similarly appear influenced by regional fisheries management. Overall, our research takes an international-level approach to study how spatial and temporal interconnectedness may influence conflict risk. | Grégoire | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0308597X2400232X | |
| GS047 | Guida R,Rodger M,Bissonauth V,Soreefan Z,Hurnath P,Matthews M,Elseoud A | Nereus: A Space-Based Maritime Surveillance System for Fisheries Monitoring and Anomaly Detection | GS | Illegal Unreported and Unregulated (IUU) fishing is a major threat to ocean biodiversity and preservation. A UK-Mauritius team is joining forces to develop a satellite-based monitoring solution that can improve maritime domain awareness in Mauritius Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) since official records of authorized fishing vessels are outdated or incomplete. This paper applies a previously developed methodology for Automatic Identification System (AIS) and Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data matching through Artificial Intelligence (AI) to the case study area showing the potential of the technologies and techniques in detecting anomalies. | Grégoire | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/10282136 | |
| GS048 | Harden-Davies H | Marine Technology Transfer | GS | The transfer of marine technology and capacity building are inextricably linked un- der the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (unclos). The unclos framework for the transfer of marine technology includes several elements related to scientific research, such as: scientific training; access to research equipment; and shar- ing information, data and knowledge. These elements are important tools for capacity- building to enable a science-based approach to the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity beyond national jurisdiction (bbnj). However, there are well-known gaps and weaknesses in the international framework for implementing the transfer of marine technology. Several initiatives are already underway through the Intergov- ernmental Oceanographic Commission of unesco that attempt to close the gap in capacity. These initiatives could provide a basis for a bbnj agreement to build on and to contribute to the imminent United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for Sustain- able Development 2021– 2030. This paper examines the unclos framework for ma- rine technology transfer and the challenges and potential opportunities to enhance the implementation of transfer of marine technology in order to build capacity for the conservation and sustainable use of bbnj are proposed. | Julie | ||
| GS051 | Hespanha JP,Garagić D | Optimal Sensor Selection for Binary Detection based on Stochastic Submodular Optimization | GS | We address the problem of selecting sensors for the estimation of binary random variables, so as to minimize the probability of error. This problem arises when a large number of sensors are potentially available, but only a few can actually be used for estimation purposes. While sensor selection is a combinatorial problem, we show that the optimization of an upper bound on the probability of error can be formulated as a submodular maximization for which computationally efficient algorithms can provide solutions with guaranteed performance. The submodular optimization that needs to be solved involves the computation of an expected value that generally cannot be computed in closed form, but we show that replacing the expected value by a Monte Carlo empirical mean can result in negligible loss of performance with high probability. We illustrate the use of these results in the context of detecting illegal unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing. | Julie | ||
| GS053 | Jing Y,Liu Y | Spatiotemporally explicit risk assessment of fishing grounds in Asian waters | GS | Risk management for marine fishing is crucial for building a "safe ocean." Current research primarily assesses navigational and operational risks of fishing vessels but rarely considers the fishing grounds' inherent environmental and social risks. Therefore, this study selected eleven environmental and five social risk factors from public databases, satellite remote sensing, reanalysis data, and other multisource data combining Geographic Information System (GIS) analysis to construct a spatiotemporal assessment model for multisource risk of fishing grounds (SAMRFG) in Asian waters. The SAMRFG was validated by the ship accident data from the International Maritime Organization (IMO), with an explanatory rate of 0.71. Results reveal that over 85 % of Asian waters are medium-low-risk areas, with about 2 % being high-risk areas with spatial clustering. The multisource risk of fishing grounds (MRFG) in high-risk areas is declining, whereas most medium-low-risk areas see an escalation. The trends in MRFG imply that 94 % of fishing vessels in medium-low-risk areas may face more significant threats. Conversely, about 4 % of fishing vessels in high-risk areas may experience reduced threats, especially drifting longlines and squid jiggers fishing vessels. Despite complex geopolitics, the continuous change in MRFG underscores the necessity of an area-based risk management framework, making establishing an Asian regional fisheries organization imperative. | Julie | ||
| GS055 | Fromant A,Collet J,Vansteenberghe C,Musseau R,Filippi D,Delord K,Barbraud C | Fine-scale behaviour and population estimates suggest low exposure but do not exclude high sensitivity to bycatch for Endangered sooty albatrosses | GS | Recent developments in assessing species-specific seabird bycatch risks demonstrated that fine-scale approaches are essential tools to quantify interactions with fishing vessels and understand attraction and attendance behaviours. Matching boats movements with birds tracking data specifically allows to investigate seabird-fishery interaction for cryptic species for which on-board information is critically lacking. The sooty albatross (Phoebetria fusca) overlaps with fisheries throughout its range and is known to be vulnerable to incidental bycatch. Combining GPS and behaviour data from individuals from Crozet Islands and boat locations during the incubation period, we investigated interactions of sooty albatrosses with fisheries in the southern Indian Ocean. Individuals foraged mostly in sub-tropical international waters, where they only encountered a small number of boats. The low interaction rate during this period may suggests that sooty albatrosses are not strongly attracted towards fishing vessels. However, this result should be interpreted with caution due to the low sample size and fishing effort during the study period, as these observations may conceal a higher bycatch risk during intense fishing effort and/or energetically demanding periods. The species conservation status requires further data to be collected throughout the annual cycle to provide an accurate assessment of the threat. | Julie | ||
| GS056 | Spedicato MT,Cannas R,Mahe K,Morales B,Tsigenopoulos C,Zane L,Kavadas S,Maina I,Scarcella G,Sartor P,Others | Study on advancing fisheries assessment and management advice in the Mediterranean by aligning biological and management units of priority species. MED_UNITs | GS | Stock identification provides a basis for understanding population dynamics and makes the stock assessment process more robust, thereby developing fisheries management strategies. Multiannual Management Plans under the Common Fishery Policy (EU Reg. 1380/2013) are tools for managing shared stocks in the long term and thus this requires improving our knowledge on biological stock units and fishery management units. Methods for delineating stocks advanced considerably in recent years and include genetic techniques, otolith shape and chemistry, acoustic telemetry, tagging, demographic analysis and meristic data. The integration of multiple techniques that operate over different temporal and spatial scales makes it possible to overcome many of the limitations of single technique approaches and strengthens the inference available from stock structure studies (Cadrin et al., 2013). The identification of fishing grounds is an essential information to delineate the fishing footprints on the fish and shellfish stocks. To identify fishing grounds different methods are available, based on Automatic Identification System (AIS) and Vessel Monitoring System (VMS). Linking information on stock boundaries with the one on the localization of the fishing grounds is a key step for the identification of spatial units for fishery management. The overall objective of the MED_UNITs project is to identify and match biological and management stock units of several important demersal species in the Mediterranean: European hake (Merluccius merluccius), red mullet (Mullus barbatus), deep water rose shrimp (Parapenaeus longirostris), giant red shrimp (Aristaeomorpha foliacea), blue and red shrimp (Aristeus antennatus) and Norway lobster (Nephrops norvegicus). The study covers the Geographical Sub-Areas (GSAs) 1-27 (Mediterranean Sea). The project structure consists of 5 Work-Packages (WPs) and 16 Tasks. WP0-Project management and coordination; WP1-Population genetics and phylogeographic studies for identification of biological units of priority species; WP-2 Otolith shape and microchemistry analyses; WP3-Delineate fishing grounds and stock assessment; WP4-Synthesis and proposals. The analyses undertaken in WP1 and WP2 delineate the population units from a biological perspective. WP3 defines the fisheries footprints not necessarily within the boundaries of the current GSAs. The integration of this information takes place in WP4, supported by the explanatory role of ecological/environmental profiles at spatial scale. Overall, this approach is expected to advance fisheries assessment and improve the management advice, reducing the bias associated with the assumption of a given stock unit, when instead multiple stocks are assessed as a single unit or only a portion of a stock is assessed as a closed unit. | Julie | ||
| GS057 | KAREN L. JONES, Patel SH | Environmental accountability: transforming sateliite data into action | GS | Over the past two decades, the proliferation of remote sensing satellites coupled with improved resolution has yielded vast amounts of new data for environmental monitoring and enforcement. Yet, the most significant advances go beyond space-based assets. They include modern information architecture, which offers new and predictive insights for environmental monitoring. Key use case scenarios suggest that environmental data that is open and shared across disciplinary and geographical silos builds greater transparency, trust, and accountability. This paper addresses how an environmental data-to-action strategy supports multidisciplinary users (e.g., industry, regulatory, nonprofit, and citizen) to encourage cooperation across local, regional, national, and international stakeholders. The paper also suggests a data-to-action framework, which includes a foundation of a modern data architecture and six key pillars for actionable environmental intelligence based on best practices demonstrated by existing programs for meeting environmental and sustainability goals. | Julie | ||
| GS058 | Vince J,Hardesty BD,Wilcox C | Progress and challenges in eliminating illegal fishing | GS | Illegal fishing is a widespread, global phenomenon that is affecting already heavily depleted wild fish stocks, threatening marine habitats and contributing to marine pollution through discarded fishing gear. Many different measures have been implemented by nation states to deter and prevent illegal fishing. These include coastal surveillance and policing, policies and regulation, and education. In this paper, we examine the case of Australia through an analysis of regulative arrangements, policies and guidelines that form the governance framework to better understand the changing seascape of illegal fishing. We argue that joint efforts with neighbouring states such as Indonesia and regional fisheries management authorities have contributed to a decrease in illegal fishing in and around the Australian EEZ. Finally, we discuss current and future challenges, opportunities, recent advancements and technological approaches for reducing illegal fishing around the world. | Julie | ||
| GS059 | Rodríguez JP,Klemm K,Duarte CM,Eguíluz VM | Shipping traffic through the Arctic Ocean: spatial distribution, temporal evolution and its dependence on the sea ice extent | GS | The reduction in sea ice cover with Arctic warming facilitates shipping through remarkably shorter shipping routes. Automatic identification system (AIS) is a powerful data source to monitor Arctic Ocean shipping. Based on the AIS data from an online platform, we quantified the spatial distribution of shipping through this area, its intensity, and the seasonal variation. Shipping was heterogeneously distributed with power-law exponents that depended on the vessel category. We contextualized the estimated exponents with the analytical distribution of a transit model in one and two dimensions. Fishing vessels had the largest spatial spread, while narrower shipping routes associated with cargo and tanker vessels had a width correlated with the sea ice area. The time evolution of these routes showed extended periods of shipping activity through the year. We used AIS data to quantify recent Arctic shipping, which brings an opportunity for shorter routes, but likely impacting the Arctic ecosystem. | Julie | ||
| GS061 | Bernabé P,Gotlieb A,Legeard B,Marijan D,Sem-Jacobsen FO,Spieker H | Detecting Intentional AIS Shutdown in Open Sea Maritime Surveillance Using Self-Supervised Deep Learning | GS | In maritime traffic surveillance, detecting illegal activities, such as illegal fishing or transshipment of illicit products is a crucial task of the coastal administration. In the open sea, one has to rely on Automatic Identification System (AIS) message transmitted by on-board transponders, which are captured by surveillance satellites. However, insincere vessels often intentionally shut down their AIS transponders to hide illegal activities. In the open sea, it is very challenging to differentiate intentional AIS shutdowns from missing reception due to protocol limitations, bad weather conditions or restricting satellite positions. This paper presents a novel approach for the detection of abnormal AIS missing reception based on self-supervised deep learning techniques and transformer models. Using historical data, the trained model predicts if a message should be received in the upcoming minute or not. Afterwards, the model reports on detected anomalies by comparing the prediction with what actually happens. Our method can process AIS messages in real-time, in particular, more than 500 Millions AIS messages per month, corresponding to the trajectories of more than 60 000 ships. The method is evaluated on 1-year of real-world data coming from four Norwegian surveillance satellites. Using related research results, we validated our method by rediscovering already detected intentional AIS shutdowns. | Julie | ||
| GS062 | Yang S,Wang L,Fei Y,Zhang S,Yu L,Zhang H,Wang F,Wu Y,Wu Z,Wang W,Others | Spatio-temporal variability of fishing habitat suitability to tuna purse seine fleet in the Western and Central Pacific Ocean | GS | Understanding the spatial distribution of fishing activity is important for ecosystem-based fisheries management.The dynamic vessel trajectory information provided by Automatic Identification System (AIS) together with local remote ocean environment data, provide an opportunity for new technologies to enable improvements in fisheries management.The spatio-temporal and variability to tuna purse seine fleet suitable fishing were evaluated based on fishing effort from AIS by constructing an integrated habitat suitability index (HSI), which weight of variables were determined with boosted regression trees (BRT) model. The results show that the fishing activity tuna purse-seine fleet and catch data from the Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission (WCPFC) have the same spatial distribution.The tuna purse seine fleet operation concentrate in EEZ area of the Pacifc Island countries and has seasonal environmental preferences. The fishing habitat suitability can be characterized by a few environmental factors. The HSI model had good capacity to predict habitat suitability to tuna purse seine fleet for mostly catch and fishing effort located in the suitable area. The suitable fishing areas showed significant seasonal changes and low utilization of the available environmentally suitable fishing habitat in each month. The most stable suitable area located in the New Guinea Offshore latitudinal region, may be experiencing high tuna purse-seine fishing pressure throughout the year. The research could help to improve the scientific and effective management of distant water fisheries under limited regulatory capacity. | Julie | ||
| GS063 | Zec M,Mihalić I,Engelen D | REPORT ABOUT SEABIRD AND FISHERIES INTERACTION: EXPLORATIVE BYCATCH RISK ANALYSES | GS | Bycatch is among the major threats facing pelagic birds at sea (Dias et al., 2019). The purpose of this analysis is to explore the spatial distribution of possible areas with an elevated risk of seabird bycatch in the Croatian Adriatic. It is not intended as a conclusive or comprehensive risk assessment for seabird bycatch, but rather as an exploratory analysis to inform decision makers on possible priorities in bycatch mitigation, and as a template for further analysis by conservation practitioners. The focus of this explorative study is on three seabird species which are globally and/ or regionally endangered (IUCN Red List; Tutiš et al. 2013) and breed almost exclusively in the Mediterranean Sea (incl. the Adriatic), namely Yelkouan shearwater Puffinus yelkouan, Scopoli’s shearwater Calonectris diomedea and Audouin’s gull Larus audouinii. In terms of bycatch, among the riskiest fishing method for these three species is long line fishing (Genovart et al. 2017). | Julie | ||
| GS065 | Watson JR,Woodill AJ | Detecting illegal maritime activities from anomalous multiscale fleet behaviours | GS | To achieve sustainable use of our oceans globally, our ability to detect and even predict illegal maritime activities must improve. The challenge is that most vessels that commit illegal acts will not transmit their location and are in effect unobservable to enforcement agencies. To overcome this challenge, we have developed a method for inferring the location and timing of illegal maritime activities inspired by complex systems theory: by monitoring the multiscale spatial behaviour of those vessels that we can observe, we are able to monitor for anomalous spatial patterns that could be associated with the presence of illegal activities (committed by an unobserved vessel). These spatial anomalies are represented as distortions in the ‘shape’ or multiscale spatial organization of fleets, which can be quantified using methods from information theory. To explore this approach, we developed a spatially explicit agent-based model of fishing vessels, where we examined the utility of several multiscale spatial anomaly indexes. We then examined the performance of these indexes in a real-world test-case, with a focus on illegal events that occurred on the Patagonia Shelf. Our results suggest that this method offers insight into the location and timing of illegal activities at sea, and consequently offers a promising tool for helping to improve the security and sustainability of our oceans. | Julie | ||
| GS066 | Recio-Blanco X,Amos J,Carney W,Goldberg M | Technology and the seas: enforcement in marine protected areas | GS | Established in over 65 countries and territories, marine protected areas (MPAs) embody a range of habitats, enable the provision of fundamental ecosys- tem services, protect marine biodiversity and cultural resources, and provide spaces to conduct cutting-edge research and implement innovative policies. Yet man- agement of MPAs can face challenges, including the lack of adequate tools, the need for rules to secure com- prehensive monitoring, the vastness of the ocean, and more. There remain questions of how agencies work together to establish these areas both domestically and internationally, what are the innovative technologies that can aid in monitoring, and how MPAs can be enforced. On September 24, 2019, the Environmen- tal Law Institute hosted an expert panel that delved into groundbreaking technologies, innovative legal frameworks, and examples of successful domestic and international MPAs. Below, we present a transcript of the discussion, which has been edited for style, clarity, and space considerations. | Julie | ||
| GS067 | Hespanha JP,Garagić D | Sensor-reveal games | GS | We introduce two-player nonzero-sum partial in- formation games, called sensor-reveal games, in which one of the players (which we call the attacker) decides whether or not to engage in an illegal activity and the other player (which we call the defender) wants to detect the attacker’s action based on noisy sensor measurements. The partial information character of the game arises from the fact that the attacker controls which sensor provides the measurements that will be revealed to the defender, with the understanding that it may be costly to the attacker to reveal non-informative sensors, rather than sensors that carry useful information about the attack. Such games arise in several areas including computer security and law enforcement. We show that, for a very general sensor model, this game admits a closed form solution and provide explicit formulas for the Nash policies for both players. For scenarios in which the defender may not know the parameters that determine the cost function of the attacker, we provide a data- driven approach for the defender to compute an optimal policy based on fictitious play. The resulting algorithm is guaranteed to converge to a Nash equilibrium when both players rely on fictitious play. A brief numerical example illustrates the use of fictitious play. | Julie | ||
| GS068 | Li H,Jia P,Wang X,Yang Z,Wang J,Kuang H | Ship carbon dioxide emission estimation in coastal domestic emission control areas using high spatial-temporal resolution data: A China case | GS | It is necessary to accurately calculate ship carbon emissions for shipping suitability. The state-of-the-art approaches could arguably not be able to estimate ship carbon emissions accurately due to the uncertainties of Ship Technical Specification Database (STSD) and the geographical and temporal breakpoints in Automatic Identification System (AIS) data, hence requiring a new methodology to be developed to address such defects and further improve the accuracy of emission estimation. Firstly, a novel STSD iterative repair model is proposed based on the random forest algorithm by the incorporation of13 ship technical parameters. The repair model is scalable and can substantially improve the quality of STSD. Secondly, a new ship AIS trajectory segmentation algorithm based on ST-DBSCAN is developed, which effectively eliminates the impact of geographical and temporal AIS breakpoints on emission estimation. It can accurately identify the ships' berthing and anchoring trajectories and reasonably segment the trajectories. Finally, based on this proposed framework, the ship carbon dioxide emissions within the scope of domestic emission control areas (DECA) along the coast of China are estimated. The experiment results indicate that the proposed STSD repair model is highly credible due to the significant connections between ship technical parameters. In addition, the emission analysis shows that, within the scope of China's DECA, the berthing period of ships is longer owing to the joint effects of coastal operation features and the strict quarantine measures under the COVID-19 pandemic, which highlights the emissions produced by ship auxiliary engines and boilers. The carbon intensity of most coastal provinces in China is relatively high, reflecting the urgent demand for the transformation and updates of the economic development models. Based on the theoretical models and results, this study recommends a five-stage decarbonization scheme for China's DECA to advance its decarbonization process. | Julie | ||
| GS069 | Rodger M,Guida R | Revealing Dark Vessels in the Mauritius Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) Using Multi-Temporal SAR and AIS Data | GS | The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) launched the Ocean Innovators program to combat illegal fishing and destructive fishing practices, benefiting Small Island Developing States (SIDS) and Least Developed Countries (LDCs). One of the selected projects, ‘Nereus’, currently being developed by Surrey Space Centre (SSC) and Mauritius Research and Innovation Council (MRIC), utilises AI and satellite data fusion to monitor fishing vessel activity in Mauritius’ Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) and Marine Protected Areas (MPAs). The project combines various satellite technologies, including Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR), Automatic Identification System (AIS) and Vessel Monitoring System (VMS). This paper analyses multi-temporal SAR and AIS data to identify "dark" ships that are not transmitting AIS signals. The methodology is applied to the Mauritius EEZ and MPAs, providing authorities with valuable information for informed decision-making and effective Maritime Domain Awareness (MDA). | Julie | ||
| GS070 | McCarthy N,CaJacob D,Kawamoto D | Eating Your Own Big-Data Dogfood: Exquisite Collection with Non-Exquisite Hardware | GS | Tool sets, algorithms and technologies developed to create value from the availability of big data have potential not only to justify and reward the collection of sensor data from space but also to improve the quality of sensor data collection. The 2017 HawkEye360 Pathfinder mission will demonstrate the use of tight interactions between constrained, space-based compute platforms with sensor hardware and an approach to ground-segment data processing typical of cloud-based, Big Data analysis to maximize the performance of payload hardware on-orbit. We present specific examples related to the improvement of time- and frequency-of-arrival (TOA and FOA) estimation for AIS transmissions due to specific-emitter characterization on-orbit made feasible by the application of machine learning to take place on the ground. Using a small corpus of raw AIS data captured from commodity hardware on planes over the Chesapeake Bay, we investigate early prototype machine-learning models and test hypotheses as to on-orbit collection improvements. Providing a description of the compute resources available as part of the HawkEye Pathfinder payload, we discuss system design considerations and practical approaches to deploying payload sensor data collection enhancement as part of an automated system for smallsat data collection, ingestion and enhancement. Limitations facing the application of techniques derived from Big Data analytics to the problem of enhanced payload data collection via specific-emitter characterization arise as part of the system design discussion. The HawkEye Pathfinder power budget and payload processing resources will not support constant execution for the most effective methods to enhance TOA and FOA estimation on-orbit, and sensor connectivity to the ground system lags most terrestrial Big Data processing systems in most aspects. We describe the HawkEye Pathfinder analytic software stack, focusing on how it leverages code and concepts developed to enable Big Data processing and how those concepts extend to facilitate improved sensor data collection as part of a mutual feedback system between space and ground processing components. Typical Big Data business models involving power-sensitive commodity hardware sensors at the periphery of a system serviced by a backbone of cloud compute resources have evolved a number of effective open-source and academic software resources amenable to the smallsat use case. We posit ideas for mitigating these factors through the application of predictive analytics. | Julie | ||
| GS072 | Filippi DP,Elliott G | Use of Innovative Tag Technology to Examine Foraging Patterns of Seabirds and Association with Fishing Vessels | GS | New wildlife tracking devices have demonstrated promising results in seabird monitoring and fisheries management. Xargos and Xsputnik loggers were deployed on Antipodean albatrosses in 2019, making use of X band navigation radar detection and real time GPS technology to study seabird movement and foraging patterns at sea, allowing monitoring of in situ interactions with fishing vessels and analysis of which fisheries pose the highest risk of mortality amongst foraging seabirds. | Julie | ||
| GS073 | Zachary Rowlanda, Minh-Trang Nguyen Thib, Georgia Christodoulouc, Eva Fernández-Rodríguez, Chukwuma J. Okolie, Lisah Ligono, Gagandeep Kaur, Zahra Okba | Analysis of the impact of volcanic eruptions on fishery resources using Earth Observation data | GS | In recent years several volcanic eruptions have made headlines for their significant economic and humanitarian costs. Notably these include the eruptions of Cumbre Vieja (La Palma, Spain) and Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai (Fonuafo’ou, Tonga). Both eruptions disturbed not only the human population living around them but also the natural ecosystem, leading to health consequences for marine life due to the change in habitat conditions. In cases such as Tonga, where an estimated 82% of families survive on subsistence fishing, it is necessary to investigate not only damage to property caused by the eruptions but also the impact of the eruptions on marine conditions and consequently the impact on local livelihoods. The aim of this paper is to analyze and perform a comparative study of the effect of several volcanic eruptions on aquatic ecosystems using available Earth Observation data. The methodology of this research considers the study of four eruptions of different volcanoes from which lava flowed to the sea. The four eruptions are: Kīlauea in 2018, Stromboli in 2019, Cumbre Vieja in 2021, and Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai 2021/22. Marine parameters derived from Earth Observation data used in this analysis include sea surface temperature (SST), sea surface height (SSH) turbidity (NDTI), iron concentration (FE) and chlorophyll (NDCI). The research involves the evaluation of the evolution and correlations between these parameters. The results of this study allow for a modelled characterization of volcanic eruptions through prediction of their socio-economic impact in communities dependent on fishing, while improving the understanding of the impact of these events on marine ecosystems. The findings from this research prove that Earth Observation satellite data parameters are essential for an in-depth analysis of the repercussions of volcanic eruptions. | Julie | ||
| GS074 | Díaz H,Soares CG | An integrated GIS approach for site selection of floating offshore wind farms in the Atlantic continental European coastline | GS | This study presents a novel method for the selection of sites for floating wind farms based on marine spatial optimization. After providing a review of the present state of the art, a tool based on geographic information systems is presented, consisting of three main stages and built in Python language. The first stage collects and analyses the information of the different regulatory bodies, marine spatial planning, maritime concessions and other sources. The second stage excludes not feasible sites for floating wind farms, based mostly on marine space use and on environmental constraints. The third stage characterises the available locations based on five major categories that are spatially dependent: metocean data, viability data, logistics, facilities, marine environment and techno-economic data. The proposed methodology is implemented at the Europe Atlantic coast, with specific reference to Portugal, Spain and France. These three countries together combine 3.362.408 km2 of the Atlantic Exclusive Economic Zone, where in only 0.22% of that area could host floating offshore wind turbines. While further detailed studies about locations and legislative considerations are required, the effort made has contributed to eliminate unsuitable areas and identify those where sustainability can be maximized. | Julie | ||
| GS075 | Mazurek R,Burroughs L | WHO’S IN YOUR BACKYARD? | GS | This brief highlights five state-based solutions, developed with delegates during the Caught Red- Handed workshops, to increase maritime domain awareness and decrease illegal fishing in the Indian Ocean. |
Nicolas | https://oneearthfuture.org/sites/default/files/2022-05/maritime-domain-awareness-indian-ocean.pdf | |
| GS076 | Dudev E,Meijer M | Detecting suspicious ship outages in the AIS protocol | GS | This paper describes an algorithm for detecting suspicious activity of vessels on water, based on the AIS messages they send periodically. It deals with some large-scale analysis and visualization problems and describes several filters and algorithms that can be combined to detect outages that are suspcious. | Nicolas | Lien non valide | https://event.cwi.nl/lsde/2019/results/group04.pdf |
| GS077 | Delord K,Poupart T,Gasco N,Weimerskirch H,Barbraud C | First evidence of migration across the South Pacific in endangered Amsterdam albatross and conservation implications | GS | Albatrosses are amongst the most globally-threatened species and fisheries bycatch is one of the major conservation issues worldwide. Among the albatrosses the Amsterdam albatross is listed as one of the most endangered species. Within the current National Plan of Actions framework, the present study outlines the first results of a multi-year survey evaluating juvenile dispersal and immature at sea distribution using geolocation and conservation implications. Here we report the first evidence of an Amsterdam albatross wandering for extensive periods outside the Indian Ocean, in the Pacific Ocean. This unprecedented and novel finding is discussed in terms of overlaps with fisheries and conservations issues. This study brings new insights on movements of vagrant stages of an endangered species, paving the way for refined assessments updates of species vulnerability to ongoing anthropogenic threats while providing basic conservation guidance. This makes it possible to point out the responsibility of the various management bodies both for the high seas regional fisheries management organisations and for exclusive economic zones. | Nicolas | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308597X21005327 | |
| GS078 | Kapsar K,Sullender B,Liu J,Poe A | North Pacific and Arctic marine traffic dataset (2015--2020) | GS | In this paper, we present a spatially explicit dataset of monthly shipping intensity in the Pacific Arctic region from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2020. We calculated shipping intensity based on Automatic Identification System (AIS) data, a type of GPS transmitter required by the International Maritime Organization on all ships over 300 gross tonnes on an international voyage, all cargo ships over 500 gross tonnes, and all passenger ships. We used AIS data received by the exactEarth satellite constellation (64 satellites as of 2020), ensuring spatial coverage regardless of national jurisdiction or remoteness. Our analytical approach converted raw AIS input into monthly raster and vector datasets, separated by vessel type. We first filtered raw AIS messages to remove spurious records and GPS errors, then joined remaining vessel positional records with static messages including descriptive attributes. We further categorized these messages into one of four general ship types (cargo; tanker; fishing; and other). For the vector dataset, we spatially intersected AIS messages with a hexagon (hex) grid and calculated the number of unique ships, the number of unique ships per day (summed over each month), and the average and standard deviation of the speed over ground. We calculated these values for each month for all vessels as well as vessels subdivided by ship type and for messages from vessels > 65 feet long and traveling > 10 knots. For the raster dataset, we created a series of spatially explicit daily vessel tracks according to unique voyages and aggregated tracks by ship type and month. We then created a raster grid and calculated the total length, in meters, of all vessel tracks within each raster cell. These monthly datasets provide a critical snapshot of dynamic commercial and natural systems in the Pacific Arctic region. Recent declines in sea ice have lengthened the duration of the shipping season and have expanded the spatial coverage of large vessel routes, from the Aleutian Islands through the Bering Strait and into the southern Chukchi Sea. As vessel traffic has increased, the social and natural systems of these regions have been increasingly exposed to the risks posed by large ships, including oil spills, underwater noise pollution, large cetacean ship-strikes, and discharges of pollutants. This dataset provides scientific researchers, regulatory managers, local community members, maritime industry representatives, and other decision makers with a quantitative means to evaluate the distribution and intensity of shipping across space and through time. | Nicolas | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352340922007387 | |
| GS079 | Acuña Barros JA | Feasibility study on the expansion to phases 2 and 3 of the global record of fishing vessels, refrigerated transport vessels and supply vessels | GS | The Global Record of Fishing Vessels, Refrigerated Transport Vessels and Supply Vessels (Global Record) is a phased and collaborative global initiative to make available, in a rapid way, certified data from State authorities about vessels and vesselrelated activities. The programme aims towards providing a single access point for information on vessels used for fishing and fishing-related activities with the primary objective being to combat illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing by enhancing transparency and traceability. Given the difficulties that large number of fishing vessels could generate in the usability of the Information System and in the allocation of reliable International Maritime Organization (IMO) numbers to existing fishing vessels, a feasibility study was conducted. This feasibility study aims to identify key criteria and mínimum requirements to minimize the number of fishing vessels that will be needed to increase the usability of the system without undermining its main objective of fighting (IUU) fishing by means of enhancing transparency. The main challenges encountered were the important and numerous gaps related with the current global number of fishing vessels which strongly undermines transparency. Several circumstances as the reluctance of some Flag States to report vessel numbers and a high number of Regional Bodies with no harmonization of databases what difficult data aggregation, among others. Preliminary results emerge that criteria such as vessels fishing activities in High Seas or other Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZs), type of vessel and historical IUU fishing activities reported, could be used to define a minimum length boundary of inclusion. Nevertheless, a complementary study should be realized by the company IHSM&T, in charge of managing the IMO Ship Identification Number Scheme, to determine their issuing capacity to allocate IMO numbers to existing fishing vessels. | Nicolas | https://rua.ua.es/dspace/handle/10045/78070 | |
| GS080 | Bunwaree P | The illegality of fishing vessels ‘going dark’and methods of deterrence | GS | Given recent data regarding fishing vessels switching off their Automatic Identification Systems (AIS) in the Western Indian Ocean, this article assesses the potential illegality of the practice by analysing national and international legislation. It shows that the enforcement of AIS laws is generally poor, and although these are becoming increasingly robust in some jurisdictions, the sanctions are not severe enough to act as deterrents. Furthermore, this article suggests that the insurance industry enables the practice of switching off AIS through weak due diligence practices. Insurers have a role to play in curbing such illegal behaviour, and it is not discretionary. | Nicolas | https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/international-and-comparative-law-quarterly/article/illegality-of-fishing-vessels-going-dark-and-methods-of-deterrence/8E5D5C30A15C91BF17423ED1EF6EE0E2 | |
| GS081 | Gimeno M,Giménez J,Chiaradia A,Davis LS,Seddon PJ,Ropert-Coudert Y,Reisinger RR,Coll M,Ramírez F | Climate and human stressors on global penguin hotspots: Current assessments for future conservation | GS | As charismatic and iconic species, penguins can act as “ambassadors” or flagship species to promote the conservation of marine habitats in the Southern Hemisphere. Unfortunately, there is a lack of reliable, comprehensive, and systematic analysis aimed at compiling spatially explicit assessments of the multiple impacts that the world's 18 species of penguin are facing. We provide such an assessment by combining the available penguin occurrence information from Global Biodiversity Information Facility (>800,000 occurrences) with three main stressors: climate-driven environmental changes at sea, industrial fisheries, and human disturbances on land. Our analyses provide a quantitative assessment of how these impacts are unevenly distributed spatially within species' distribution ranges. Consequently, contrasting pressures are expected among species, and populations within species. The areas coinciding with the greatest impacts for penguins are the coast of Perú, the Patagonian Shelf, the Benguela upwelling region, and the Australian and New Zealand coasts. When weighting these potential stressors with species-specific vulnerabilities, Humboldt (Spheniscus humboldti), African (Spheniscus demersus), and Chinstrap penguin (Pygoscelis antarcticus) emerge as the species under the most pressure. Our approach explicitly differentiates between climate and human stressors, since the more achievable management of local anthropogenic stressors (e.g., fisheries and land-based threats) may provide a suitable means for facilitating cumulative impacts on penguins, especially where they may remain resilient to global processes such as climate change. Moreover, our study highlights some poorly represented species such as the Northern Rockhopper (Eudyptes moseleyi), Snares (Eudyptes robustus), and Erect-crested penguin (Eudyptes sclateri) that need internationally coordinated efforts for data acquisition and data sharing to understand their spatial distribution properly. | Nicolas | https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/gcb.17143 | |
| GS082 | Oloruntobi O,Chuah LF,Mokhtar K,Gohari A,Rady A,Abo-Eleneen RE,Akhtar MS,Mubashir M | Decarbonising ASEAN coastal shipping: Addressing climate change and coastal ecosystem issues through sustainable carbon neutrality strategies | GS | This study analyzes the impact of ASEAN's goal of achieving carbon neutrality by 2050 on climate change and coastal ecosystems by examining carbon emissions and energy usage from 2019 to 2050 using different scenarios to reduce emissions and meet global temperature goals. This research proposes strategies to reduce carbon emissions and mitigate climate change effects on coastal ecosystems, focusing on evaluating CO2 emissions from ASEAN's coastal shipping sector. Geospatial data was used to analyze ship activity and develop carbon neutrality strategies. Various sources are used to gather data, including the Maritime Portal, exact Earth AIS, FASA and GFW. This study finds that container ships emitted 13.7 × 106 t of CO2 in 2019, with the transportation sector contributing 3.8% of the total greenhouse gas in 2020. Without regulations, CO2 emissions could increase fourfold by 2050. The study recommends implementing policies such as adopting clean fuels, energy efficiency standards and fuel-related regulations to reduce CO2 emissions by 65–80% by 2050. It also emphasizes the importance of cleaner technologies, regulatory considerations and collaboration, which would have positive implications for coastal ecosystems. This study is beneficial to professionals in the maritime and shipping industries, policy makers, environmental consultants, sustainability specialists, and international organizations. | Nicolas | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0013935123021576 | |
| GS083 | Walton GW,Keen M,Hanich Q | Can greater transparency improve the sustainability of Pacific fisheries? | GS | International and regional organisations promote transparency on the basis that it can improve the sustainability of fisheries, yet the processes involved, and the outcomes of transparency initiatives, are often opaque and misunderstood. This article examines efforts to improve transparency in the tuna fisheries of the Pacific Island region, with our analysis focusing on members of the Pacific Islands Forum, excluding metropolitan countries New Zealand and Australia. It draws on a tripartite framework to examine transparency initiatives and outcomes associated with the Pacific Islands' tuna fisheries. It finds that efforts to improve transparency have mainly focused on increasing or sustaining economic gains for the region’s governments but much less on enhancing transparency of policy-making, decision-making and policy outcomes, especially at the domestic level. Weaknesses in regional and national institutions, and concerns about corruption, overfishing, and sustainability persist. We argue that to improve transparency and sustainability in the fisheries of the Pacific Island region, policy makers and researchers need to better understand and respond to the multiple interests and actors shaping behaviour in the tuna fisheries between different administrative scales. | Nicolas | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308597X20308976 | |
| GS085 | Coro G,Tassetti AN,Armelloni EN,Pulcinella J | COVID-19 lockdowns reveal the resilience of Adriatic Sea fisheries to forced fishing effort reduction-Supplementary Information | GS | This document complements the information reported in the main manuscript. It is organised as follows: Section 1 reports background information on fishing activity monitoring based on vessel tracking data. It also describes the fisheries of the Adriatic Sea and the currently active management strategies, with a mention of COVID-19 restrictions in the Adriatic Sea countries. Section 2 contains the descriptions of the primary data sources used for the experiments described in the main document. Section 3 reports the algorithmic details of our analyses. Section 4 provides numerical details to support the results reported in the main document. Section 5 reports information about the project in which our study was conducted. Finally, Sections S1-S4 report additional charts, per gear, of monthly fishing effort (S1), barycentre shifts (S2), annual (S3) and monthly (S4) effort in locations with medium and high concentrations of endangered, threatened and protected (ETP) species, and fleet-assessment analysis charts (S5). |
Nicolas | https://www.scienceopen.com/document_file/c59ba3aa-6417-45eb-a64b-f775f7948bd0/PubMedCentral/c59ba3aa-6417-45eb-a64b-f775f7948bd0.pdf | |
| GS086 | De Santo EM | Implementation challenges of area-based management tools (ABMTs) for biodiversity beyond national jurisdiction (BBNJ) | GS | Area-based management tools (ABMTs), including marine protected areas (MPAs) are widely recognized as a key mechanism for conserving and restoring biodiversity. The developing international legally-binding instrument (ILBI) on biodiversity beyond national jurisdiction (BBNJ) is considering a range of approaches to ABMTs. While the process is still in early stages, this paper looks ahead to anticipate implementation challenges for ABMTs, given previous experiences with regional fisheries management organizations (RFMOs) and high seas MPAs. Drawing on the implementation of MPAs under the OSPAR Convention and the Convention on the Conservation of Antarctic Living Marine Resources (CCAMLR), key suggestions revolve around: (1) improving the evidence basis for protecting BBNJ, (2) designing effective compliance and enforcement mechanisms, and (3) engaging adequately with relevant stakeholders. In addition to the case studies, which are primarily marine pollution and fishing-oriented, considerations related to mitigating the effects of deep sea mining and the harvesting of marine genetic resources are also touched upon. | Nicolas | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308597X18303166 | |
| GS088 | Ebrahimirad AA | Technologies of Transparency: The Role of Information and Communications Technologies in Promoting Labour Rights in Distant Water Fisheries | GS | Ethical production networks and supply chains have garnered significant attention in both academia and industry. The ethical supply chain has become a topic of significant debate in the global fishing industry in particular, and especially in distant water fishing (DWF). Monitoring labour rights/abuses presents a challenge in this field, as workers are employed on fishing vessels operating in isolated and remote waters, often outside any effective oversight or regulation. This study aims to investigate the potential of various information and communication technologies (ICTs) in tracking, monitoring, and promoting labour rights in DWF. In pursuing this question, I use the intersection of global production networks (GPN) and labour regimes as a theoretical framework. While GPN theory addresses the institutions, actors and power relations in global production processes, labour regime theory provides a conceptual understanding of how workers are both disciplined and exert agency within global production systems. The study is based on qualitative interviews with stakeholders who are active in both developing and deploying various technologies in relation to migrant labour rights in fisheries, complemented by an extensive review of secondary documentation. The findings indicate that, within this framework, ICTs can be primarily classified into two distinct categories based on their approach to monitoring and observing labour conditions: a) remote monitoring and b) on-board/community-based monitoring and reporting systems. I will argue that the use of such technologies holds significant potential for advancing transparency and accountability in terms of the labour rights and working conditions of fishing crews. In this way, new possibilities for labour agency and the re-regulation of labour regimes in global production are being opened up, while, at the same time, limitations on the application of ICTs still remain. | Nicolas | https://yorkspace.library.yorku.ca/items/adad48e0-a383-45e2-b9ca-c997093afd3c | |
| GS089 | Frawley TH,Muhling B,Brodie S,Blondin H,Welch H,Arostegui MC,Bograd SJ,Braun CD,Cimino MA,Farchadi N,Others | Dynamic human, oceanographic, and ecological factors mediate transboundary fishery overlap across the Pacific high seas | GS | The management and conservation of tuna and other transboundary marine species have to date been limited by an incomplete understanding of the oceanographic, ecological and socioeconomic factors mediating fishery overlap and interactions, and how these factors vary across expansive, open ocean habitats. Despite advances in fisheries monitoring and biologging technology, few attempts have been made to conduct integrated ecological analyses at basin scales relevant to pelagic fisheries and the highly migratory species they target. Here, we use vessel tracking data, archival tags, observer records, and machine learning to examine inter- and intra-annual variability in fisheries overlap (2013–2020) of five pelagic longline fishing fleets with North Pacific albacore tuna (Thunnus alalunga, Scombridae). Although progressive declines in catch and biomass have been observed over the past several decades, the North Pacific albacore is one of the only Pacific tuna stocks primarily targeted by pelagic longlines not currently listed as overfished or experiencing overfishing. We find that fishery overlap varies significantly across time and space as mediated by (1) differences in habitat preferences between juvenile and adult albacore; (2) variation of oceanographic features known to aggregate pelagic biomass; and (3) the different spatial niches targeted by shallow-set and deep-set longline fishing gear. These findings may have significant implications for stock assessment in this and other transboundary fishery systems, particularly the reliance on fishery-dependent data to index abundance. Indeed, we argue that additional consideration of how overlap, catchability, and size selectivity parameters vary over time and space may be required to ensure the development of robust, equitable, and climate-resilient harvest control rules. | Nicolas | https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/faf.12791 | |
| GS090 | Gutierrez M,Lemma A,Gutierrez G,Montenegro C | Fishy Business | GS | This study reveals the scale, form and behaviour of the domestic and foreign fleets operating within the exclusive economic zones of Ecuador, Peru, Senegal, Ghana and the Philippines. It also investigates the domestic and foreign companies that own or operate vessels in these countries’ exclusive economic zones (EEZs). For the first time, this analysis estimates the impact of fishing businesses with a track record of unsustainable practices on these five countries’ economies, employment and well-being. The report expresses in human terms the loss of opportunity these five countries face by allowing companies with a history of misconduct to operate in their waters, offering a powerful argument for transparency and grounds for reform. The study – which includes data from 2021 and 2022 – uses data analytics, maps, deep learning algorithms, probabilistic statistics and ontextual data to analyse, compare and interpret registry data, satellite data and economic, employment and poverty indicators – highlighting the importance of data availability and representativeness for sustainable development, too. This study fills a crucial knowledge gap in fisheries, as effective policies hinge on transparency and understanding illicit practices. |
Nicolas | https://media.odi.org/documents/Fishy_Business_ODI_Report_May_2024.pdf | |
| GS093 | Read AD,McBride C,Spencer T,Anderson P,Smith J,Costa T,Clementz S,Dowd A | Preventing noncompliance in marine protected areas using a real-time alert system | GS | Effective compliance is a key element to the successful management of marine protected areas (MPAs), and requires a suite of tools to generate awareness of MPA rules, and monitor and regulate their use. Using vessel monitoring systems and creating geo-fences around MPA boundaries is an innovative approach to improve such awareness to vessel masters and commercial fishing licence holders with these systems on-board. In 2014, Parks Australia in partnership with the Australian Fisheries Management Authority (AFMA) introduced a purpose-built alert service for commercial fishing licence holders operating in Australian Commonwealth fisheries managed by AFMA that overlap with MPAs (Australian marine parks). The alert service is customised for each individual fishing vessel to notify masters and licence holders when they enter Australian marine parks where their particular fishing method is prohibited. Since the introduction of the alert service in 25 marine parks, fishers have received 3307 alerts, across eight fisheries. It is estimated that 23 of these alerts averted compliance incidents, in turn protecting marine park values and saving AUD$4.7 million in litigation costs. Of significance, there has been no recorded incidence of noncompliance by Australian commercial fishing licence holders and their vessel master's with access to the alert service since its introduction. The information presented here is the first empirical analysis of the effectiveness of geo-fencing to minimise noncompliance in MPAs. The alert service has the potential to become a front-line tool for supporting compliance by commercial fishing licence holders and their master's in Australian marine parks and other large-scale MPAs and MPA networks, globally. | Nicolas | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0964569118309438 | |
| GS094 | Bargnesi F,Moro S,Leone A,Giovos I,Ferretti F | New technologies can support data collection on endangered shark species in the Mediterranean Sea | GS | In the last 50 yr, shark populations showed steep declines in the Mediterranean Sea.The IUCN lists most Mediterranean species as threatened (55%), while considering 27.5% of them Data Deficient. Here, sharks are currently one of the rarest and more elusive groups of animals, and data from fisheries and scientific monitoring still insufficiently support robust abundance and distribution assessments. New technologies can fill this data gap by linking people and scientists through new monitoring strategies. SharkPulse, an international collaborative project, aims at creating a large world database of shark occurrence records by mining images on the web, social networks, and private archives. Here we analyzed 1186 sharkPulse records from the Mediterranean Sea. We collected records to characterize spatio-temporal patterns on 37 species, highlighting distribution changes for 5, and, by using generalized linear models, estimating trends in sighting for the most abundant species. With 273 records, Hexanchus griseus had the most sighting records since the beginning of the series. We identified pupping areas and aggregation sites for immature Prionace glauca and Isurus oxyrinchus; pinpointed strongholds of the Critically Endangered Squatina squatina to focus conservation efforts; and identified broader than previously reported regional distribution ranges for Alopias superciliosus, Dalatias licha, Heptranchias perlo, H. griseus, Oxynotus centrina, and P. glauca. We confirmed that fishing is still the major threat for Mediterranean sharks and call for a greater effort in controlling the emerging patterns with efficient conservation effort indexes. If properly standardized, opportunistic data can efficiently and cost-effectively advance our understanding of shark abundance, distribution, and conservation status. | Nicolas | Accès restreint | https://www.int-res.com/abstracts/meps/v689/p57-76 |
| GS096 | Hassan A,Khokhar SS | Internet of Things-Enabled Vessel Monitoring System for Enhanced Maritime Safety and Tracking at Sea | GS | This paper describes a system designed for tracking vessels in maritime environments. The system includes 10 base stations that cover the major regions of the territorial waters of Pakistan. Each base station has two reception towers that can pick up signals from ships on four VHF frequencies. The data is modulated using Binary phase-shift keying (BPSK-500) and sent to a base station, where it is processed using a demodu-lator for BPSK-500 signals. Various data processing algorithms implemented in Python programming language are then used for further data processing. The system was tested by tracking the GPS coordinates of two vessels and plotting them on an interactive map. The results indicate that the system is accurate in tracking vessels' locations, even at large distances. Additionally, the system can determine the distance between a vessel and a base station with a high accuracy of about 50 meters. However, further research is necessary to determine how well the system can track multiple vessels simultaneously. | Nicolas | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/10500190 | |
| GS097 | Darby JH,de Grissac S,Arneill GE,Pirotta E,Waggitt JJ,Börger L,Shepard E,Cabot D,Owen E,Bolton M,Others | Foraging distribution of breeding northern fulmars is predicted by commercial fisheries | GS | Habitat-use and distribution models are essential tools of conservation biology. For wide-ranging species, such models may be challenged by the expanse, remoteness and variability of their habitat, these challenges often being compounded by the species’ mobility. In marine environments, direct observations and sampling are usually impractical over broad regions, and instead remotely sensed proxies of prey availability are often used to link species abundance or foraging behaviour to areas that are expected to provide food consistently. One source of food consumed by many marine top predators is fisheries waste, but habitat-use models rarely account for this interaction. We assessed the utility of commercial fishing effort as a covariate in foraging habitat models for northern fulmars Fulmarus glacialis, a species known to exploit fisheries waste, during their summer breeding season. First, we investigated the prevalence of fulmar-vessel interactions using concurrently tracked fulmars and fishing vessels. We infer that over half of our study individuals associate with fishing vessels while foraging, mostly with trawl-type vessels. We then used hidden Markov models to explain the spatio-temporal distribution of putative foraging behaviour as a function of a range of covariates. Persistent commercial fishing effort was a significant predictor of foraging behaviour, and was more important than commonly used environmental covariates retained in the model. This study demonstrates the effect of commercial fisheries on the foraging distribution and behaviour of a marine top predator, and supports the idea that, in some systems, incorporating human activities into distribution studies can improve model fit substantially. | Nicolas | https://www.int-res.com/abstracts/meps/v679/p181-194/ | |
| GS099 | Pécastaing N,Salavarriga J | The potential impact of fishing in peruvian marine protected areas (MPAs) on artisanal fishery poverty during El Niño events | GS | In Peru, the fishing sector, particularly artisanal fishing, is one of the most impacted by El Niño phenomenon. One possible adaptation strategy to mitigate the negative economic effects of El Niño is the development of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs). This study measures the effect on poverty of artisanal fishers of being able to fish in Peruvian MPAs in the face of the El Niño. Therefore, using propensity score matching, we estimated the effect of the El Niño 2015 event on the income of fishers by comparing the poverty levels of fishers with and without access to the MPAs. The study estimated no significant effect of the MPAs on probability of poverty reduction in two out of three MPAs but a 29% (17%;42%) was detected at one MPA. The results indicate that fishing in Peruvian MPAs could reduce the vulnerability of artisanal fishers to El Niño. Additionally, this study concludes that the estimated impact in reducing the effects of El Niño on the poverty depends largely on the participation of fishers in its management and highlights the importance of taking a transdisciplinary and cross sector approach to MPA design and management to ensure the potential benefits of MPAs can be realised. | Nicolas | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0921800922002592 | |
| GS100 | Rousseau Y | Predicting the future of global seafood production | GS | Understanding the impact of global fisheries on ecological and human systems is intimately linked to the yield of the ocean, the combination of marine resources and how to access them, i.e. fishing fleets. A major current limitation is the lack of integration of fishing fleets with ecological data, critical for understanding the sustainability of global fisheries. To address this research gap, I collected and classified 151 countries legal definitions of fishing sectors according to language, technology or fishing vessel characteristics. Based on these definitions, I reconstructed the global engine power, vessels number and fishing effort from 1950 to 2015, separating industrial and artisanal sectors. The fishing effort was then mapped, leveraging on existing mapped catch data, and compared with satellite tracking. Various models have attempted to express the global ocean's yield, but the uncertainty was found to be vast, due to disciplinary shortcomings. Lack of harmonization of terms, particularly in fishing sector, impede the comparability of studies, and require further examination. These sectoral-specific hurdles reflected in the fishing fleets, the rate of change varying vastly between sectors. Globally, vessel numbers, engine power and fishing effort have increased in almost all regions since the 1950s. Only the most developed countries showed signs of stabilization and fleet reduction. Conversely, the global catch per unit of effort has decreased drastically since the 1950s, highlighting the strain on marine resources and hinting at future declines, particularly in Southeast Asia. Mapping of the effort confirmed the disparate nature of global fishing and highlighted the lack of detail of the artisanal sector. Future work is required to improve estimates of fisheries efficiency. A better understanding of the global yield and the links between fisheries and the oceans might be facilitated by integrating fleets in models, which this thesis has described in detail. | Nicolas | https://figshare.utas.edu.au/articles/thesis/Predicting_the_future_of_global_seafood_production/23252813?file=40977074 | |
| GS101 | Pacific MA | The quantification of illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing in the Pacific Islands region--A 2020 update | GS | Illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing is a recognised global problem that undermines the integrity of responsible fisheries management arrangements and results in lost value to coastal states (e.g. FAO, 2002; Agnew et al, 2009). The first attempt at quantifying the value and volume of IUU fishing in tuna fisheries within the Pacific Islands region was undertaken in 2016 using data from 2010-2015 (MRAG Asia Pacific, 2016). That study estimated the total volume of product either harvested or transhipped involving IUU activity in Pacific tuna fisheries was 306,440t, with an ex-vessel value of $616.11m. Nevertheless, the authors noted that the data and information underlying many of the estimates were highly uncertain and that the outputs should be seen as a ‘first cut’. In order to assess changes in the nature and extent of IUU fishing since that time, this study was commissioned as part of the Global Environment Facility-funded Pacific Islands Oceanic Fisheries Management Project II (OFMP II) to undertake a ‘2020 update’ of the original estimates. Broadly, the aim was to undertake an ‘apples vs apples’ update of the original estimates, using a consistent methodology and taking into account the latest available information. The study period covered the years 2017-2019. Importantly, this preceded any COVID-19 related impacts on monitoring, control and surveillance (MCS) and IUU activity in the region. Broadly, we used a ‘bottom up’ approach to quantify IUU fishing activity across key IUU risks in four categories: (i) unlicensed/unauthorised fishing, (ii) misreporting, (iii) non-compliance with other license conditions (e.g. shark finning) and (iv) post harvest risks (e.g. illegal transhipping). ‘Best estimate’ and minimum/maximum range values were generated for each risk, taking into account the best available information. Monte Carlo simulation was then used to produce probabilistic estimates of IUU activity, taking into account probability distributions assigned within the minimum and maximum range values. Using this approach, estimates of IUU volume and value were developed for each of the three main fishing sectors - purse seine (PS), tropical longline (TLL) and southern longline (SLL) – and then aggregated to produce an overall estimate for Pacific Islands region tuna fisheries. While the same basic approach to estimating IUU was used between the 2016 and 2020 studies, a number of changes were made to the information underlying estimation of individual risks. In some cases, this was driven by new information becoming available (e.g. to estimate the scope for illegal transhipment), while in other cases the information previously used to support estimates for the 2016 study was no longer available. For some risks, these changes of information had substantial impacts on the estimated volume and value between studies. | Nicolas | E-book | https://play.google.com/store/books/details?id=5rOGEAAAQBAJ&rdid=book-5rOGEAAAQBAJ&rdot=1&source=gbs_atb&pcampaignid=books_booksearch_atb&pli=1 |
| GS102 | Chawla AK,Pvsm A,Nm VSM,Suri CG | Maritime Domain Awareness (MDA) in the Indo-Pacific and the Way Ahead for Indo-Pacific Partnership for MDA (IPMDA) | GS | At the 75th UN General Assembly in September of 2020, Chinese President Xi Jinping announced that China’s overall carbon dioxide (CO 2) emissions will peak by 2030 and that carbon neutrality will be reached before 2060 (China Dialogue, 2020). This is a huge commitment for China as the world’s largest emitter of greenhouse gases (GHG) in 2019 (UCS, 2022) and as the second largest economy. One year later, China released an action plan designed to cap its CO 2 emissions before 2030 (National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) People’s Republic of China, n.d.). But the world is still waiting to learn what “carbon neutralization” means for the country, and what an action plan for reaching this target by 2060 will look like. Informing these goals is a study by the Institute for Climate Change and Sustainable Development at Tsinghua University (ICCSD), which offers insight into China’s long-term, low-carbon development strategy and transition pathways (Tianjie, 2020; ICCSD, 2021). For the transportation sector, the report concluded that an 83% reduction in the sector’s overall CO 2 emissions by 2050 compared to 2020 would be needed to align with the 1.5°C cap on global temperature recommended by the 2015 Paris Agreement. As we await the unveiling of official level of ambition by 2060 and a long-term action plan for the shipping sector, the ICCT takes a first look at China’s domestic coastal shipping sector and provides recommendations for actionable long-term decarbonization pathways designed to avoid exceeding its current share of transportation-sector CO2. Specifically, we used the sector’s 2019 activities, energy consumption, and CO 2 emissions as the study’s baseline and projected those out to 2060 under three scenarios: a) Business-as-usual (BAU), which assumes that the sector’s energy consumption will be governed only by adopted policies, with no new policies proposed and implemented after 2019; b) a 2°C-aligned scenario, which assumes coastal shipping maintains its 2019 share of a 2°C transportation sector CO 2 budget in future years; and c) a 1.5°C-aligned scenario, which assumes that the sector maintains its 2019 share of the 1.5°C CO2 budget for the transportation sector. The 2°C-aligned and 1.5°C-aligned scenarios require 44%, and 83% reductions, respectively, in CO 2 emissions in 2060 compared with the 2019 baseline. We considered two broad categories of policy actions in addition to adopted policies to reach the goals of 2°C-aligned and 1.5°C-aligned scenarios: improving energy efficiency and reducing the carbon intensity of shipping fuel.1 Finally, because fuel carbon intensity regulations (or low-carbon fuel regulations) are crucial to decarbonizing the shipping industry and are currently less mature and more costly than energy efficiency improvements, we considered two different implementation schedules for each of the 2°C-aligned and 1.5°C-aligned scenarios, while keeping their targets intact. We found that: •In 2019, China’s coastal shipping sector emitted about 45 million tonnes of CO 2, or roughly 4.5% of total CO 2 emissions from China’s transportation sector. With no additional policies, CO 2 emissions from China’s domestic coastal shipping would more than triple to more than 162 million tonnes in 2060. •With the help of mandatory energy efficiency standards as well as low-carbon fuel regulations, CO 2 emissions from China’s domestic coastal shipping could peak by 2040 and fall significantly by 2060. We proposed two possible pathways for achieving this: oWith mandatory energy efficiency standards tightened every five years between 2025 and 2045 for newbuild ships, and with low-carbon fuel regulations slowly phasing in from 2030, CO 2 emissions could peak by 2040 and decrease by 56% in 2060 relative to the 2019 baseline, which is aligned with the 2°C-target set for the transportation sector in the ICCSD report. The average carbon intensity of the fleet could fall by 79% relative to the 2019 baseline. oWith more stringent mandatory energy efficiency standards to be implemented between 2025 and 2045, and with low-carbon fuel regulations phasing in five years earlier (beginning in 2025), CO 2 emissions could peak by 2035 and decrease by 83% in 2060 relative to the 2019 baseline, which is aligned with the 1.5°C-target set for the transportation sector in the ICCSD report. The average carbon intensity of the fleet could fall by 92% relative to the 2019 baseline. •It is essential that low-carbon fuel regulations be implemented no later than 2030. If delayed until 2046 after expiration of mandatory energy efficiency standards, the required rate of fuel carbon intensity reduction would be dauntingly high for the industry. |
Brice | NA | https://www.vifindia.org/article/2023/june/27/Maritime-Domain-Awareness-in-the-Indo-Pacific-and-the-Way-Ahead |
| GS103 | Mao X,Meng Z | Decarbonizing China’s coastal shipping: The role of fuel efficiency and low-carbon fuels | GS | At the 75th UN General Assembly in September of 2020, Chinese President Xi Jinping announced that China’s overall carbon dioxide (CO 2) emissions will peak by 2030 and that carbon neutrality will be reached before 2060 (China Dialogue, 2020). This is a huge commitment for China as the world’s largest emitter of greenhouse gases (GHG) in 2019 (UCS, 2022) and as the second largest economy. One year later, China released an action plan designed to cap its CO 2 emissions before 2030 (National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) People’s Republic of China, n.d.). But the world is still waiting to learn what “carbon neutralization” means for the country, and what an action plan for reaching this target by 2060 will look like. Informing these goals is a study by the Institute for Climate Change and Sustainable Development at Tsinghua University (ICCSD), which offers insight into China’s long-term, low-carbon development strategy and transition pathways (Tianjie, 2020; ICCSD, 2021). For the transportation sector, the report concluded that an 83% reduction in the sector’s overall CO 2 emissions by 2050 compared to 2020 would be needed to align with the 1.5°C cap on global temperature recommended by the 2015 Paris Agreement. As we await the unveiling of official level of ambition by 2060 and a long-term action plan for the shipping sector, the ICCT takes a first look at China’s domestic coastal shipping sector and provides recommendations for actionable long-term decarbonization pathways designed to avoid exceeding its current share of transportation-sector CO2. Specifically, we used the sector’s 2019 activities, energy consumption, and CO 2 emissions as the study’s baseline and projected those out to 2060 under three scenarios: a) Business-as-usual (BAU), which assumes that the sector’s energy consumption will be governed only by adopted policies, with no new policies proposed and implemented after 2019; b) a 2°C-aligned scenario, which assumes coastal shipping maintains its 2019 share of a 2°C transportation sector CO 2 budget in future years; and c) a 1.5°C-aligned scenario, which assumes that the sector maintains its 2019 share of the 1.5°C CO2 budget for the transportation sector. The 2°C-aligned and 1.5°C-aligned scenarios require 44%, and 83% reductions, respectively, in CO 2 emissions in 2060 compared with the 2019 baseline. We considered two broad categories of policy actions in addition to adopted policies to reach the goals of 2°C-aligned and 1.5°C-aligned scenarios: improving energy efficiency and reducing the carbon intensity of shipping fuel.1 Finally, because fuel carbon intensity regulations (or low-carbon fuel regulations) are crucial to decarbonizing the shipping industry and are currently less mature and more costly than energy efficiency improvements, we considered two different implementation schedules for each of the 2°C-aligned and 1.5°C-aligned scenarios, while keeping their targets intact. We found that: •In 2019, China’s coastal shipping sector emitted about 45 million tonnes of CO 2, or roughly 4.5% of total CO 2 emissions from China’s transportation sector. With no additional policies, CO 2 emissions from China’s domestic coastal shipping would more than triple to more than 162 million tonnes in 2060. •With the help of mandatory energy efficiency standards as well as low-carbon fuel regulations, CO 2 emissions from China’s domestic coastal shipping could peak by 2040 and fall significantly by 2060. We proposed two possible pathways for achieving this: oWith mandatory energy efficiency standards tightened every five years between 2025 and 2045 for newbuild ships, and with low-carbon fuel regulations slowly phasing in from 2030, CO 2 emissions could peak by 2040 and decrease by 56% in 2060 relative to the 2019 baseline, which is aligned with the 2°C-target set for the transportation sector in the ICCSD report. The average carbon intensity of the fleet could fall by 79% relative to the 2019 baseline. oWith more stringent mandatory energy efficiency standards to be implemented between 2025 and 2045, and with low-carbon fuel regulations phasing in five years earlier (beginning in 2025), CO 2 emissions could peak by 2035 and decrease by 83% in 2060 relative to the 2019 baseline, which is aligned with the 1.5°C-target set for the transportation sector in the ICCSD report. The average carbon intensity of the fleet could fall by 92% relative to the 2019 baseline. •It is essential that low-carbon fuel regulations be implemented no later than 2030. If delayed until 2046 after expiration of mandatory energy efficiency standards, the required rate of fuel carbon intensity reduction would be dauntingly high for the industry. |
Brice | https://theicct.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/DVE-working-paper-20-A4-v5-GG.pdf | |
| GS104 | Morgan NB | A Multiple Scale Approach to Understand Connectivity and Fragmentation of Seamount Megafaunal Assemblages in the North Pacific | GS | In the North Pacific, seamounts are important ecological hotspots for deep-sea species found below 200 m. Connectivity of deep-sea fauna in this area is of great interest to fisheries and conservation management for possible restoration and mitigation of anthropogenic impacts. This work examines how seamount fauna are connected at multiple scales to further understand how the variety of seamount habitats can impact the distribution and connectivity of those assemblages. To look at connectivity at a fine scale, environmental data and assemblage structure was analyzed from image data between three sides of Mokumanamana seamount between 200 and 700 m of depth. The assemblages found at the three sides are significantly different (global R=0.807, p=0.001), though shallower assemblages are more similar to each other at any side than deeper assemblages. Assemblages were also different between shallow and deep samples within any one side of Mokumanamana (global R=0.80, p=0.001), and all assemblage differences were influenced by environmental variables of sediment levels, substrate variability and roughness, oxygen, particulate organic carbon, and surface currents. The microhabitats caused by substrate changes and changes in depth allow for unique assemblages to be found within a feature, and greatly increase diversity of the area. To understand connectivity at a much larger geographic scale, populations of the precious red coral Hemicorallium laauense were sampled at 16 locations across the Hawaiian Archipelago, and seven microsatellite loci were amplified in 270 individuals to compare genetic connectivity within and between seamounts. Corals on these locations show significant population differentiation at a global scale (G'ST = 0.17, p = 0.01), as well as differentiation within features. DAPC showed a pattern of separation of the Main Hawaiian Islands from the Northwest Hawaiian Islands, though samples from Ka'ena Point appear to form their own cluster and Bank 8 clusters with the Main Hawaiian Islands. Membership assignments showed moderate admixture between some locations, while East and West Northampton and Raita Bank showed almost no admixture. K-means cluster assignments instead show five populations that are well distributed throughout the Hawaiian Archipelago, and some pairwise G'ST values are nearly zero for very distant populations. The unexpected pattern of more differentiation at smaller spatial scales compared to wider spatial scales is likely tied to extremely patchy distributions, episodic recruitment, and overlapping generations of long-lived corals that creates a sweepstakes effect on allele frequencies. Also an important location in the North Pacific, the Emperor Seamount Chain and North Hawaiian Ridge (ES-NHR) have been heavily fished by deep-sea trawling vessels since the 1950's, but this high-seas region has recently come under management by the North Pacific Fisheries Commission (NPFC). With an understanding that the affected seamount communities can have very patchy distributions, and be dominated by local recruitment for larvae, a fine-scale approach was taken to better define the fishing footprint of trawling vessels using the open-source satellite Automated Identification System data provided by Global Fishing Watch. Bottom-fishing activity was quantified from 2012 – 2018 at a 0.01 by 0.01-degree scale, and much of the fishing was focused on just four seamounts of 14 features managed by the NPFC. Another four seamounts show minor bottom fishing activity, while no activity was identified on the remaining six features. Voluntary closures on Koko Seamount and C-H seamount to protect known spawning grounds and vulnerable ecosystems appear to be observed by fishing vessels. In addition to satellite data, Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) surveys from 2014 and 2015 provide visual data on the fishing footprint through trawl scars and locations of abundant megafauna where fishing has likely been avoided. AUV data suggests the fishing footprint was either not fully encompassed by satellite data, or it has moved through time. Locations of remnant or recovering coral and sponge populations found in AUV data can provide starting points for further small-scale closures that will likely not impact fishing in the area but will protect vulnerable ecosystems in this area. These studies provide further understanding on the connectivity of seamount assemblages, the potential human impacts on connectivity, and can aid in developing science-based management plans that work with the heterogeneity and patchiness that have been found for seamount ecosystems. | Brice | https://repository.lib.fsu.edu/islandora/object/fsu:796974 | |
| GS105,GS087 | Vilás González D,Coll M,Corrales X,Steenbeek J,Piroddi C,Macías D,Ligas A,Sartor P,Claudet J | Current and potential contributions of the Gulf of Lion Fisheries Restricted Area to fisheries sustainability in the NW Mediterranean Sea | GS | Among FAO’s Major Fishing Areas, the Mediterranean and the Black Sea had the highest percentage (62.5%) of stocks fished at unsustainable levels, especially demersal stocks. Spatial-temporal restrictions of fishing activities are important measures used for the management of marine stocks. However, sometimes these regulations are not fully implemented due to a lack of effectiveness and compliance, which contributes to their failure. Here, we developed a food-web model approach using the Ecopath with Ecosim (EwE) model representing the Fisheries Restricted Area (FRA) of the Gulf of Lion ecosystem (CoSEGoL model) prior to the establishment of the fisheries restrictions (2006–2008). We characterized the structure and functioning of the ecosystem before and after its establishment. The constructed food-web model was then fitted to the available time series of data from 2008 to 2016 to verify whether this FRA has contributed to the recovery of target demersal species and the demersal community. The fitted model was used to explore alternative future management scenarios to explore feasible management options in order to ensure a full ecosystem recovery under climate change conditions. Our results suggest a failure in the recovery of target species in the restricted area under the current management scenario, potentially revealing a lack of protection efficiency and/or enforcement. Scenarios of management options under plausible climate futures revealed possible recovery of targeted species, especially European hake. The study highlighted the importance of considering trophic interactions between predators and prey to identify trade-offs and synergies in fisheries management outcomes and the need to consider both fishing and climate dynamics. | Brice | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308597X20309416 | |
| GS106 | Statistics CW | FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Report No. 1213 FIAS/R1213 (En) | GS | 1. The Intersessional Aquaculture and Fisheries Subject Group Meetings of the Coordinating Working Party on Fishery Statistics (CWP-IS) met in Denmark, Copenhagen from 19 to 22 June 2017 to hold the 5th Meeting of the Aquaculture Subject Group and the 26th Meeting of the Fisheries Subject of CWP. The meeting was attended by eleven CWP participating organizations and two organizations as observers, with two additional organizations partly attending remotely (participants in Appendix 2). The agenda was organized between joint sessions to address issues of general interest, with the Subject Groups – Aquaculture (CWP-AS) and Fisheries (CWP-FS) – taking place in concurrent sessions, to address matters related with the intersessional programme for each Subject Group. 2. During the joint sessions the groups discussed the dissemination of the revised handbook on the CWP web page, the further enhancement of the socio-economic section of the handbook and the CWP ad hoc task group on “reference harmonization for capture fisheries and aquaculture statistics”. Agreements were reached about the general organization of the CWP handbook contents and the website navigation, and regarding the need for a fast-track procedure to agree on minor issues to ensure the timely release of web version of the handbook contents. For the economic section, the groups decided that the contents should be split into core variables and additional variables, the latter to be moved to a specific section of the handbook and linked to particular policy objectives. The core economic variables should be further enhanced however, and the final draft section must be presented to the 26th CWP Session. With respect to the work of the task group on reference harmonization, the group provided feedback on the structural elements and conceptual schemes from an overall perspective, towards the validation of the SDSD and related reference metadata, as well as the need to broaden the scope/data domain SDSD by compiling essential dimensions/concepts for data collection widely employed by the CWP parties. Instructions for the work to be developed during the remaining intersessional period were given and are included in Appendix 4 of the report. Finally, the CWP participant organizations presented the progress on further streamlining of the reporting of national statistics and a review of activities by participating organizations since CWP-25; group discussion then helped to identify potential data sharing agreements between Eurostat, FAO and OECD and activities to streamline statistical activities. Agreement has been reached about the importance of developing a best practice document based on the current CWP organizations’ experience of data sharing agreements; this work is to be steered by FAO in close collaboration with the other organizations. 3. The Aquaculture Subject Group CWP-AS discussed: 1) the progress made by the Task Force in establishing standard aquaculture questionnaires; 2) the proposed revision of the ISSCAAP groupings; and 3) the contents of the aquaculture section of the CWP Handbook. Significant achievements have been reached by the CWP-AS. Regarding the standard questionnaire, agreement has been reached on the setting of minimum required data, medium-level required data and detailed data for "final aquaculture production by intended use", aquaculture hatchery and nursery production, and seed input for use in aquaculture by source of supply. For the ISCCAAP classification – and based on the preliminary needs assessment – a draft proposal has been prepared which included the creation of new ISSCAAP Groups and the revision of the names of several currently existing Groups. The CWP-AS recommended holding further technical consultation with experts and data users regarding the revisions. Finally, the group concluded that the current draft of the aquaculture statistics handbook is overly extensive, at nine chapters; revisions should therefore be made and a revised version put forward for discussion at the CWP session. 4. The main issues discussed by the Fisheries Subject Group CWP-FS were related to the further enhancement of the GIS task group, the International Standard Statistical Classification of Fishing Vessels (ISSCFV) and the role of Global and Regional fisheries nominal catch statistics in support of Sustainable Development Goal 14. Conclusions on the way forward for the GIS Task group and the work to be developed by the Reference Harmonization Task Group during the second part of the intersessional period have been recommended by the CWP-FS. 5. Finally, the groups agreed on the need to identify a venue for the upcoming 26th Session of the CWP. The secretariat will ensure the need to proceed with Members consultation in relation to the venue and the date is launched in due time. |
Brice | https://openknowledge.fao.org/bitstreams/45b38c02-b2d9-4f6d-a818-31c19ca9eb51/download | |
| GS107 | Pierucci A,Xuan AN,Kraan C,Bradshaw C,Garcia C,Mangano MC,Smith C,van Denderen D,Connor D,Punzo E,Others | Working Group on Fisheries Benthic Impact and Trade-offs (WGFBIT; outputs from 2021 meeting) | GS | The Working Group on Fisheries Benthic Impact and Trade-offs (WGFBIT) develops methods and performs assessments to evaluate benthic impact from fisheries at regional scale, while considering fisheries and seabed impact trade-offs. In this report, new fishery benthic impact assessments are carried out for several sub-regions in the Mediterranean (Greek waters, South Adriatic Sea, Sicily waters). For other regions, updates of the whole assessment or specific steps only were presented. A standard advice sheet for the regional benthic assessments, intended as input to the next generation of the ICES Ecosystem and Fisheries Overviews, was finalised and compiled for some regions as example (Greek waters, Baltic Sea). A validation of the longevity relationships using new data was executed for the Kattegat area and the Southern North Sea. In relation to the methodology, some recommendations were formulated concerning the update on depletion rates, the use of epifauna- or infauna-based data, guidance on which set of epibenthic species to include and the time scale for setting the average swept-area-ratio (SAR) used in model fitting and assessment. A benchmarking process comparing available benthic impact assessment approaches for MSFD descriptor 6 “Seafloor integrity” is needed, as the WGFBIT approach (relative benthic state) is not the only way to assess benthic impacts from physical disturbances. A start was made to explore how to incorporate more explicitly ecosystem functioning in to the WGFBIT seafloor assessment methodology. An improved understanding of the relationships between total community biomass and ecosystem functioning may assist in setting acceptable thresholds for ecosystem impacts from trawling. Furthermore, an improved understanding of the link between species functional effect traits and proxies and processes for specific ecosystem functions could help increase our ability to predict the impact of fishing disturbance on benthic ecosystem functioning more accurately. The ecosystem function we focus on is the biogeochemical cycling of organic matter. Two approaches were discussed (i) Biological traits approach focusing on the linkage between biological traits and ecosystem functions and (ii) biogeochemical modelling approach using the established the OMEXDIA model. |
Brice | https://ices-library.figshare.com/articles/report/Working_Group_on_Fisheries_Benthic_Impact_and_Trade-offs_WGFBIT_outputs_from_2021_meeting_/21629711?file=38345009 | |
| GS108 | Morales NA,Heidemeyer M,Bauer R,Hernández S,Acuña E,van Gennip SJ,Friedlander AM,Gaymer CF | Residential movements of top predators in Chile’s most isolated marine protected area: Implications for the conservation of the Galapagos shark, Carcharhinus galapagensis, and the yellowtail amberjack, Seriola lalandi | GS | Marine protected areas (MPAs) are becoming a widely used tool for the conservation of biodiversity and for fishery management; however, most of these areas are designed without prior knowledge of the basic ecological aspects of the species that they are trying to protect. This study investigated the movement of two top predators: the Galapagos shark, Carcharhinus galapagensis, and the yellowtail amberjack, Seriola lalandi, in and around the Motu Motiro Hiva Marine Park (MMHMP) using MiniPAT satellite tags to determine the effectiveness of this MPA for the protection of these species. The Galapagos sharks (n = 4) spent most of their tag deployment periods inside the MMHMP. However, high intraspecific variability was observed in their movement dynamics. Daily individual maximum movements ranged from 17 to 58 km and the maximum distance from Salas y Gomez Island, the only emergent island within the MMHMP, ranged from 31 to 139 km. The maximum linear distance travelled for a female juvenile Galapagos shark (152 cm total length) was 236 km, which is greater than the maximum distance previously documented for juveniles of this species (\textless50 km). For the yellowtail amberjack (n = 1), 91% of the satellite geolocations were within the MMHMP, with a maximum daily distance travelled of 6 km. The maximum distance travelled between points was 111 km and the maximum distance from Salas y Gomez Island was 62 km. All archival tagged fish spent most of their time at depths of This study provides a baseline on the movement of these two top predators in the MMHMP and provides valuable insights for the creation of MPAs in the region and elsewhere. | Brice | Texte non récupéré | https://hal.umontpellier.fr/hal-03411047 |
| GS109 | Wright G,Rochette J,Gjerde K,Seeger I | The long and winding road: negotiating a treaty for the conservation and sustainable use of marine biodiversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction | GS | A vast global commons under increasing pressure Marine areas beyond national jurisdiction (ABNJ) cover nearly half of the Earth’s surface and host a significant portion of its biodiversity. The remoteness of ABNJ and a lack of knowledge previously placed them beyond the reach of human activities. In recent decades, technological and scientific advancements, coupled with growing demand for resources, have increased interest in these areas and driven exploration and exploitation. Negotiating a treaty to safeguard the health of the global Ocean The international community has become increasingly aware of the growing threats to marine biodiversity in ABNJ and have been discussing options to conserve and sustainably use their biodiversity. On 24 December 2017, following more than 10 years of discussions, the United Nations General Assembly decided to convene an intergovernmental conference (IGC) to negotiate an international legally binding instrument (ILBI). A package of varied and complex issues Negotiations will cover the ‘Package Deal’ of issues agreed in 2011, namely: marine genetic resources (MGRs), including questions on the sharing of benefits; measures such as area-based management tools (ABMTs), including marine protected areas (MPAs); environmental impact assessments (EIA); and capacity-building and the transfer of marine technology. An indispensable guide to the process The negotiations will begin in September 2018. It is important that States and stakeholders have a clear and comprehensive understanding of the history of the process, the issues discussed, State positions to date, and the challenges that may lie ahead. This report aims to provide a guide to the negotiations for both experienced participants and newcomers to the process. |
Brice | Pas vraiment le résumé, plutôt des highlights | https://iucn.org/sites/default/files/2022-10/iddri-study-the-long-and-winding-road.pdf |
| GS110 | Solway H | Assessing changing Baleen whale distributions and incidents relative to vessel activity | GS | Baleen whales in the Northwest Atlantic Ocean (NWA) are increasingly affected by human pressures related to vessel activity, fisheries entanglement, and climate change. Vessel strikes and entanglement in fishing gear, in particular, often result in distress, injury, or death for these animals. These negative interactions or ‘incidents’ are consistently reported to marine animal response organizations throughout Atlantic Canada but have not yet been analyzed for scientific publication. Using all available incident reports, together with opportunistic sightings data, vessel activity data, and habitat suitability projections from species distribution models, I analysed areas where baleen whales are vulnerable to vessel-related incidents both now and in the near future. Current incident reduction strategies were also reviewed, and their present and likely future success was assessed based on my findings. Results suggest that cross-species areas of high current and future habitat suitability are strongly dependent on sea surface salinity and temperature and primarily exist in the Bay of Fundy, Scotian Shelf, Laurentian Channel, Flemish Cap, and Gulf of St. Lawrence. Areas where all species of baleen whales are vulnerable to incidents occur close to densely populated areas, around major shipping channels and fishing areas. Baleen whales may also be more vulnerable than expected to incidents involving small vessels. While some of these high-risk areas have mitigation efforts in place, they likely require new measures to ensure the safety of all species of baleen whale present there now and in the future. | Brice | https://www.vliz.be/imisdocs/publications/394941.pdf | |
| GS111 | Kannell D | Essays in Environmental and Resource Economics | GS | The fields of environmental and resource economics provide us with the tools that allow us to better understand the world around us and the ways in which humans interact with it. People benefit from goods and resources provided by the environment, but can also harm the environment through externalities created by their economic activity. The utilization of environmental resources often requires government and society to implement policies in order to protect and preserve these resources for the future. This dissertation explores three topics in environmental and resource economics. The first measures an environmental externality caused by urban development and proposes a policy that balances continued development with the welfare of those harmed by the externality. The second explores how people adapt to changes in climate resulting from migration, which may inform us about adaptation to climate change and migration in the future. The third topic studies the effectiveness of policies aimed at protecting marine resources, at a time when marine protection is rapidly expanding. The first chapter, titled "Shadow Prices: Measuring the Cost of Shadows from New Construction in New York City," studies one negative externality of urbanization - the blocking of sunlight by construction - and a policy that can be implemented to ensure a balance between urban development and the welfare of those who are harmed by their reduced access to sunlight. I begin by measuring the externality of urban shadows by estimating the impact of shadows created by new highrise construction on nearby housing prices. Making use of publicly available housing transactions data and building shapefiles for New York City, I create a shadow accumulation model to measure the amount of shadow created by highrises that are cast on residential units in Manhattan in each year for highrises constructed between 2005 and 2014. I then use a differenced regression model with spatial-time fixed effects to estimate the effect of a change in shadows on nearby residential unit sale prices. I estimate that a 10 percentage point increase in average daily shadow received by a unit (e.g. 1 hour of additional shadow in a day with 10 hours of sunlight) is associated with an approximately 3.78% decrease in unit price. Finally, I propose a policy that incorporates this estimate in regulating building height. In the second chapter, titled "Estimating the Relationship Between Inter-Climate Migration and Air Conditioning Adoption," which I coauthored with Leopold Biardeau, we measure the relative increase in residential air-conditioning (AC) adoption rates in states that see higher levels of migration from relatively cooler states, within the contiguous United States. We consider how the average percent increase in Cooling Degree Days (CDDs) by migrants to a given destination state increases the average rate of residential AC adoption in the four decades spanning from the 1960s to the end of the 20th century. We find significant positive effects of the percent increase in CDDs experienced by migrants on rates of air conditioning adoption. To confirm the validity of this relationship, we rely on an instrumental variables approach using origin state determinants of emigration, along with the distance between states, to provide evidence that this result is not the byproduct of a reverse causality relationship in which higher residential AC-adoption levels would be responsible for increased immigration from relatively cooler states. These results provide some insights regarding the expected impact relative temperature changes may have on Climate Change adaptation. In particular, we might expect that an increase in population displacements from warmer countries to relatively cooler ones lead to a lower increase in energy demand for cooling purposes that what would have been anticipated. In the third and final chapter, titled "Evaluating the Effectiveness of Very Large Marine Protected Areas at Deterring Fishing Effort," which I coauthored with Leopold Biardeau and David Zilberman, we study the extent to which Very Large Marine Protected Areas (VLMPAs) have been successful at deterring fishing effort. The last decade has witnessed a considerable increase in the designation of VLMPAs, Marine Protected Areas spanning at least 100,000 km-squared. On paper, these protected areas offer conservation benefits not seen in smaller ones. Yet, their large sizes may constitute a challenge for enforcement. Using on satellite-based data that tracks vessel fishing hours, we find evidence that VLMPAs have, on average, been able to deter fishing effort, although a case-by-case analysis reveals varying levels of success. To better understand the nature of possible illegal fishing in these VLMPAs, we investigate the characteristics of the vessels infringing on the fishing bans in these VLMPAs and find that most of the infractions can be traced back to a few industrialized countries. These three chapters fall back on three important question in environmental and resource economics: What are the environmental externalities associated with economic activity and what policies can be implemented to compensate those harmed while balancing the interest of allowing continued economic activity? How do people adapt to changes in their environment? And finally, how successful are current policies that are designed to protect the environment and its resources? The research contained in this dissertation applies each of these questions in different contexts, and in doing so, helps us to better understand the economics of resources and the environment. |
Brice | https://escholarship.org/uc/item/69v7z8ht | |
| GS112 | Bakker K | Gaia's Web: How Digital Environmentalism Can Combat Climate Change, Restore Biodiversity, Cultivate Empathy, and Regenerate the Earth | GS | A riveting exploration of one of the most important dilemmas of our time: will digital technology accelerate environmental degradation, or could it play a role in ecological regeneration? At the uncanny edge of the scientific frontier, Gaia's Web explores the promise and pitfalls the Digital Age holds for the future of our planet. Instead of the Internet of Things, environmental scientist and tech entrepreneur Karen Bakker asks, why not consider the Internet of Living Things? At the surprising and inspiring confluence of our digital and ecological futures, Bakker explores how the tools of the Digital Age could be mobilized to address our most pressing environmental challenges, from climate change to biodiversity loss. Interspersed with ten elegiac, enigmatic parables, each of which is based on an existing technology, Gaia's Web evokes the conundrums we face as the World Wide Web intertwines with the Web of Life. A new generation of innovators is deploying digital technology to come to the aid of the planet, using spy satellites to track down environmental criminals, inviting animals to the Metaverse, and biohacking Frankenstein-like biobots as environmental sentinels. But will they end up doing more harm than good? In an engaging take on conservation technology, Bakker looks at the digital tech applications to environmental issues from predatory harvesting of environmental data to human bycatch and eco-surveillance capitalism. If we address these issues and mobilize digitally mediated forms of citizen science, she argues, digital tech could help reverse environmental harms and advance environmental sustainability. And in the process, Big Tech might be transformed for the better. With its uniquely broad scope—combining insights from computer science, ecology, engineering, environmental science, and environmental law—Gaia's Web introduces profoundly novel ways of addressing our most pressing environmental challenges—mitigating climate change, protecting endangered species—and creating new possibilities for ecological justice by empowering nonhumans to participate in environmental regulation. |
Brice | Ouvrage édité | https://doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/14912.001.0001 |
| GS113 | Paradis Vilar S | Physical and Biogeochemical Impacts of Deep Bottom Trawling in Sedimentary Environments of the Western Mediterranean | GS | Bottom trawling is considered one of the most harmful anthropogenic activities in the marine environment given its widespread occurrence, high frequency, and intensity. Since bottom trawling gear are in continuous contact with the seafloor, it can modify seabed morphology by erasing natural sedimentary structures and resuspend large volumes of sediment, which can be advected from trawling grounds, eroding the seafloor and altering sediment properties. With the global expansion of bottom trawling to deeper fishing grounds since the mid-XXst century, it is expected that the impacts caused by this activity will be intensified, but studies assessing them are still scarce. The aim of this thesis was to study the physical and biogeochemical impacts of deep bottom trawling in the Western Mediterranean margin. The physical impact of bottom trawling in submarine canyons of the Catalan margin was studied through the analyses of over 30 sediment cores collected in canyon flanks and axes of six major submarine canyons incising the continental slope. This study observed that trawling grounds located along the canyon flanks are highly eroded, and this sediment is displaced towards the canyon axis, leading to a two- to four-fold increase in sedimentation rates in their axes since the expansion of bottom trawling grounds to deeper environments during the 1960s and 1970s. Trawling-enhanced sedimentation in these canyons are limited to areas located next to bottom trawling grounds, and trawling-derived sedimentation rates decrease towards the lower canyon axis with greater distance from bottom trawling grounds, leaving deeper areas unaffected. A second increase in sedimentation rates was observed in one of the canyons in the early XXIst century derived from the recent modernization of bottom trawling fleets, highlighting the clear interrelation between fleet technification and the modification of sedimentary regimes. These continuous physical alterations can also modify the biogeochemistry of deep bottom trawling grounds, depleting sedimentary organic matter. In the Gulf of Castellammare (Sícily), the accumulation of fresh and nutritionally rich organic matter in nutrient-deprived (20-60 % less organic matter) and eroded deep bottom trawling stimulated the microbial response, causing high turnover rates of labile organic matter. However, the high trawling frequency quickly erodes freshly-accumulated sediment, inhibiting the recovery of fishing grounds in the Gulf of Castellammare. This initially suggested that temporal trawling closures could mitigate the impacts of bottom trawling. However, the comparison of sediment cores collected during several seasons, including towards the end of a 2-month trawling closure in fishing grounds of Palamós Canyon revealed that this management strategy is insufficient to mitigate the impacts of bottom trawling. Organic matter in the trawled site was especially impoverished in the most labile biomarkers (52-70 % loss), hampering the preservation of organic matter in deep-sea sediments and diminishing the nutritional quality on trawling grounds, which could have transcendental impacts on benthic communities, including the targeted commercial species. These impacts persisted in every sampling season, even after the temporal trawling closure, since the low sedimentation rates of the area is not capable of restoring these fishing grounds. These results highlight the vulnerability and low resiliency of deep-sea environments, and stresses that deep-sea trawling damages the seafloor's integrity beyond repair. Considering the global expansion of bottom trawling grounds, these impacts could be occurring in trawled continental slopes worldwide. | Brice | https://digital.csic.es/bitstream/10261/234117/1/Paradis_Thesis_2020.pdf | |
| GS114 | Crespo GA | Opportunities for Enhancing an Ecosystem-based Approach to Pelagic Fisheries Management in the High Seas | GS | Open‐ocean fisheries expanded rapidly from the 1960s and currently represent the largest direct stressor on high seas biodiversity and ecosystems. Open-ocean ecological research and the implementation of management actions to mitigate the impacts of fisheries has lagged behind those of coastal and deep-sea environments. I investigate opportunities to enhance a wholistic ecosystem-based approach to high seas fisheries management by: reviewing our understanding of the impacts fisheries across ecological scales, evaluating the gaps and opportunities in the mandates of existing and future governance frameworks and developing methodologies for creating dynamic spatiotemporal management tools to reduce bycatch. Results demonstrate that fisheries are impacting the open-ocean across ecological scales. Results also show that the population trajectories of most non-target species in the high seas are not being monitored by fishing nations, nor relevant fisheries management organizations. A new implementing agreement under the UN to sustainably manage high seas biodiversity could complement the mandates fisheries bodies. There is an opportunity for new technologies and modeling approaches to contribute to the implementation of an ecosystem-based approach to management by generating knowledge on the spatial ecology commercial fisheries and high seas biodiversity. My results show that the distribution of target and non-target species, as well as longline fishing activities are correlated with environmental conditions and that these can be predicted across spatial and temporal scales to inform spatial management of high seas pelagic fishing activities. Implementing an ecosystem-based approach will require embracing a precautionary approach to reduce the bycatch of non-target species, which can be accomplished through spatiotemporal avoidance and improving our monitoring of fisheries impacts across ecological scales. | Brice | https://dukespace.lib.duke.edu/items/68bfb5da-ec9c-4a86-a6dd-cae4bbc1a036 | |
| GS115 | Chevrot A | Detection of contextual anomalies in air traffic data using neural network models | GS | To face the ever-growing number of aircraft flying in the world airspace, the Air Traffic Control (ATC) needs to adapt and propose new technologies that are both cheaper to produce and more accurate, sometimes at the expense of the cybersecurity of its systems. The Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) protocol is one of the latest compulsory advances in air surveillance and perfectly depicts this tendency: cheaper to maintain and to implement thanks to inexpensive transponders installed in each aircraft broadcasting their GPS information but way more vulnerable than older technologies. This is due to the change of paradigm that the ADS-B embodies. Older technologies like primary and secondary radars were watching the sky using powerful antennas tracking flights in a given area while with ADS-B, radars do not scan the air but rather directly receive information sent by each aircraft. For this reason, and because of the absence of encryption and authentication in the protocol, it is particularly vulnerable to False Data Injection Attacks (FDIA). FDIAs are messages either created, modified, or deleted by malicious individuals with the intent to disrupt traffic management.To limit these threats, different solutions were proposed using both the physical layer (analysis of the signals’ strength, multilateration …) and the logical layer (data fusion, group verification) including Machine Learning models. The main incentives for the latter are the recent data sources and tools available to obtain flight tracking records. This allowed the researchers to create datasets and develop Machine Learning models capable of detecting anomalies in En-Route trajectories. In this context, we propose a novel multivariate anomaly detection model called Contextual Auto-Encoder (CAE). It uses the baseline of a regular LSTM-based auto-encoder but with several decoders, each getting data of a specific flight phase (e.g., climbing, cruising, or descending) during its training. To illustrate the CAE's efficiency, an evaluation dataset was created using real-life anomalies as well as realistically crafted trajectory modifications, with which the CAE, as well as three anomaly detection models from the literature, were evaluated.To complete this work, and to show the genericity of our approach, experiments on the maritime domain are presented at the end of this thesis. This choice was motivated by the Automatic Identification System or AIS being a similar protocol to the ADS-B with similar problematics but for vessels. These new experiments led to an extension of the original model using an affinity score to merge contexts together. | Brice | https://theses.hal.science/tel-03974764/ | |
| GS116 | Cabanelas AM,Quelch GD,Von Kistowski K,Young M,Carrara G,Aneiros AR,Artés RF,Ásmundsson S,Kuemlangan B,Camilleri M | Transshipment: a closer look An in-depth study in support of the development of international guidelines | GS | Ongoing concerns have been expressed by the international community regarding the risks that transshipment could facilitate the introduction of illegal, unreported or unregulated (IUU) fish or fish products into the seafood supply chain. Owing to such concerns, the Committee on Fisheries (COFI) of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) requested that the subject be studied in-depth for the possible development of international guidelines on transshipment, based on best practice. The FAO fisheries operations and technology branch (NFIO, formerly FIAO) took up this request and formulated a study team to take the work forward. The study methodology was designed around five core elements: field visits, aiming to ensure a broad geographical balance; a global survey, pitched at FAO Members, regional fisheries management organizations (RFMOs), non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and industry stakeholders; specific case studies looking at tuna and squid fisheries; bilateral discussions with a broad range of RFMOs and due reference to published literature on the subject of transshipment and associated activities. Six months were spent applying the methodology, after which the results were collated and analysed, and the draft report prepared. The widespread and diverse nature of transshipment as a practice is striking. It occurs in all kinds of fisheries ranging from small-scale artisanal activities taking place in coastal areas, to large-scale industrial activity taking place on the high seas far from shore. Most operators would argue that transshipment activity is essential to their operations; unsurprisingly this is largely driven by economic factors. The study naturally gravitated towards a focus on risk. Its main line of enquiry focused on the extent to which the risks identified were mitigated by existing managerial arrangements, and what levels of residual risk remained. The implementation of existing measures was identified as a challenge. The study concludes with a discussion centred on identifying those managerial elements which could form the foundation for a discussion on the development of international guidelines based on best practice. |
Brice | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/74cdee46-f606-4039-bcf4-0f4a09e781c8 | |
| GS117 | Almpanidou V,Doxa A,Mazaris AD | Combining a cumulative risk index and species distribution data to identify priority areas for marine biodiversity conservation in the Black Sea | GS | The Black Sea remains one of the most fragile marine systems globally. The six countries that share the coastline of this semi-enclosed sea have declared, through the Convention on Biological Diversity and regional conventions, their intention to conserve biodiversity and increase the coverage of the protected areas. However, currently only a small proportion of the marine area is under protection. Here, we spatially delineated priority conservation sites that could ensure species protection under the impact of different threats. We developed a cumulative risk index, incorporating anthropogenic pressures related to pollution and fisheries. We then combined this information with distribution data of marine species to apply a systematic conservation planning approach. We identified eleven key areas that cover 10% of the Black Sea, the protection of which could attain realistic conservation targets. These sites are mainly located in neritic and coastal habitats, which also host a number of species that avoid the anoxic part of the ocean basin. The management and efficient protection of these key areas require international collaboration, representing the only way to alleviate the severe degradation of this sensitive, but valuable, marine system. | Brice | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2021.105877 | |
| GS118 | Baldwin CW,Palin PJ,Nieto-Gomez R,Day J | Deterrence Impact Modeling Environment (DIME) Proof-of-Concept Test Evaluations and Findings | GS | The exploding use of social media and digital monitoring presents the Coast Guard with a crucial new domain for mission operations. At the very least, the digital domain is a source of situational awareness for maritime operations. Over time and with creative engagement, the digital domain offers the Coast Guard potentially powerful tools to intelligently inform policy, strategy and planning decision making across most even all mission sets. The study explores the Data Driven Decision Making Cycle metaphorical concepts of a Digital Ocean and a pilot project as means to contextually define the exploding data streams associated with the emergence of the socio-technological domain and a means for engaging this domain. The study shows how a pilot project institutionalizes a Coast Guard capability to build tools(mobile applications) that: identify data escapes where digital pheromones are being produced; capture them; identify trends and patterns; and produce a mechanism that allows decision makers to visualize and decide where, when and how to intervene, as well as visualize the results of that intervention. | Brice | https://dtic.minsky.ai/AD1023198/text | |
| GS119 | Rotjan RD | evidence and patterns of tuna spawning inside a large no-take Marine protected Area | GS | The Phoenix Islands Protected Area (PIPA), one of the world’s largest marine protected areas, represents 11% of the exclusive economic zone of the Republic of Kiribati, which earns much of its GDP by selling tuna fishing licenses to foreign nations. We have determined that PIPA is a spawning area for skipjack (Katsuwonus pelamis), bigeye (Thunnus obesus), and yellowfin (Thunnus albacares) tunas. Our approach included sampling larvae on cruises in 2015–2017 and using a biological-physical model to estimate spawning locations for collected larvae. Temperature and chlorophyll conditions varied markedly due to observed ENSO states: El Niño (2015) and neutral (2016–2017). However, larval tuna distributions were similar amongst years. Generally, skipjack larvae were patchy and more abundant near PIPA’s northeast corner, while Thunnus larvae exhibited lower and more even abundances. Genetic barcoding confirmed the presence of bigeye (Thunnus obesus) and yellowfin (Thunnus albacares) tuna larvae. Model simulations indicated that most of the larvae collected inside PIPA in 2015 were spawned inside, while stronger currents in 2016 moved more larvae across PIPA’s boundaries. Larval distributions and relative spawning output simulations indicated that both focal taxa spawned inside PIPA in all 3 study years, demonstrating that PIPA is protecting viable tuna spawning habitat. | Brice | https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-47161-0 | |
| GS120 | Granholm G,Aarsæther KG,Uriondo Z,Quincozes I,Jensen JH,Haugen J | D3. 1 Fishery Pilot Definition | GS | The objective of WP3 Fishery Pilot is to demonstrate how Big Data can boost the fishery sector. The Fishery Pilot focus is on two separate types of fisheries in two countries: Oceanic Tuna fisheries in Spain and small Pelagic fisheries in Norway. The areas encompassed by these pilots have an annual capture production of above 13 million tons. Six separate pilot cases have been defined, addressing key concerns as the cost of fuel and vessel maintenance as well as overfishing and selection of correct species. The pilot cases cover these three separate viewpoints: Immediate operational choices, fishing vessel trip and fisheries planning and fisheries sustainability and value. Task 3.1 Co-innovative preparations deals with the specification of user and stakeholders’ needs through the specification of user stories to specify the most beneficial areas of interest from different points of view. The potential for different solution technologies were reviewed in this process resulting in a set of scenarios for the fishery sector within the three viewpoints mentioned above. The main objective of the task is to come up with the pilot definition encompassing the goals and strategies for fulfilling the requirements specified from the analysis of these scenarios and setting the direction for the implementation and piloting. The results are the pilot cases definitions including standardized pilot case specifications and motivation, strategy and evaluation plans. According to the Description of the Action, the organizations participating in this task, and their respective planned work effort in person-months are: TRAGSA (1)/TRAGSATEC (3), VTT (2), SINTEF Fisheries (4), ECHEBF (1). The deliverable D3.1 Fishery Pilot Definition specifies the pilot case definitions, requirement specifications, as well as implementation and evaluation plans. | Brice | https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327885154_D31_Fishery_Pilot_Definition | |
| GS121 | Leung L | Should There Be a Negligence Exception to the Autonomy Principle for Letters of Credit? | GS | Fraud is the only widely accepted exception to the autonomy principle applicable to letters of credit. However, a recent decision of the Singapore High Court, Bank of China Ltd, Singapore Branch v BP Singapore Pte Ltd [2021] SGHC 120, [2021] 5 SLR 738, appears to support the possibility of a further exception: the negligence exception. Other lawsuits pending before the Singaporean courts also implicitly refer to (and plead) such a possibility. This paper argues that the negligence exception should be rejected. | Brice | https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4375292 | |
| GS123 | Darby J | How seabirds respond to a changing oceanic environment: a | GS | Marine habitats are undergoing rapid change due to human influences. The intensity and diversity of human impacts on oceanic habitats are increasing with rising demand for energy and resources. For example, fisheries operate in over 90% of the ocean, harvesting marine life and directly affecting ecosystem functions and resilience. Climate change is also changing the physical and chemical properties of the ocean and altering storm frequency and intensity at a global scale. Seabirds are a group of marine predators that are sensitive to such changes, with impacts contributing to global population declines. We broadly understand how stressors affect different species through effects on life histories and physiological traits, and where seabirds are most impacted based on spatiotemporal overlap of seabirds with human activities. However, finer scale behavioural data are required to understand the functional response of seabirds to different stressors. Biologging devices are continuously improving and miniaturising, being applied to collect fine-scale behavioural information for smaller species and for more protracted durations. In this thesis, biotelemetry is used to investigate the at-sea behaviour of three North Atlantic seabird species in order to understand the drivers of distribution. A better understanding of such drivers sheds light on the challenges facing seabird species when far from land, susceptibility to stressors, and provides insights into more effective monitoring and conservation efforts. Chapter 1 provides a broad introduction to seabird ecology, the application of biologging, and identifies model species for investigating seabird responses to a range of environmental stressors. Chapter 2 investigates the diving behaviour of Manx shearwaters (Puffinus puffinus) and how this correlates with water clarity, which is predicted to deteriorate with increasing urbanisation, eutrophication, and climate impacts. Chapter 3 highlights the relative importance of commercial fisheries compared to other environmental variables in driving the foraging distribution and behaviour of northern fulmars (Fulmarus glacialis) during the breeding season. Chapter 4 expands on this by identifying fulmar-vessel encounters in the non-breeding season, showing how nocturnal vessel attendance is increasing over time, and the apparent relationship with migration effort and time-activity budgets. Chapter 5 identifies unusual levels of variability in the moult period of Atlantic puffins (Fratercula arctica), when they are flightless and more susceptible to climate impacts that may prevent them from foraging. Variability in moult strategy is tied to susceptibility of populations to risks posed by severe winter storms. Chapter 6 provides a synthesis of findings from previous chapters, highlighting how the methods and principles developed may be built upon to further improve our knowledge of seabird ecology and design appropriate conservation measures. Building on insights from previous chapters, I discuss how seabirds are likely to functionally respond to several stressors in the marine environment, including fisheries practices, climate change, and shifting prey availability. Several recommendations are made for further research, including exploring mitigative measures that can be employed to tackle the negative effects of changes to their environment. |
Brice | https://cora.ucc.ie/items/72f48659-03f3-4e57-b9ee-cfa1fa16f622 |
| IDS | DOI | AUTEURS | ANNEE | TITRE | LIEN | SOURCES | RESUME |
| BM001 | Borrowing Agency | 2021 | Environmental and Social Management Plan - Maritime Tonga Climate Resilient Transport Project II (P176208) | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/708481633703195263/Environmental-and-Social-Management-Plan-Maritime-Tonga-Climate-Resilient-Transport-Project-II-P176208 | BM | The World Bank (WB) is supporting the Government of Tonga through the Tonga Climate Resilient Transport Project II (TCRTP II) to improve the climate resilience and safety of the Recipient’s transport sector and in the event of an Eligible Crisis or Emergency, to provide an immediate response to the Eligible Crisis or Emergency. The TCRTP II includes construction and rehabilitation of key road, maritime and airport infrastructure across the main islands of Tonga. This document is the Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP), for the proposed maritime infrastructure component (the Component) of TCRTP II. This ESMP assessed the environmental and socio-economic impacts and risks arising from the Component and outlines measures to mitigate these impacts in accordance with Tonga Legislation and the WB Environmental and Social Framework (ESF). The scope of the Component covers maritime upgrade works in the islands of Ha'apai, 'Eua and Niuafo'ou. The activities of the Component include the following: - Rehabilitation of the breakwater, berthing and container storage area at Taufa’ahau Port, Ha’apai - Rehabilitation of the breakwater and construction of a new passenger terminal, small boats berth and slipway for Nafanua Port, ‘Eua - Reconstruction and upgrade of the causeway at Futu Port, Niuafo’ou including a new access - Feasibility study and concept design for a slipway for domestic vessels at Queen Salote International Wharf, Tongatapu. Designs are not yet available for the Component. This ESMP has been completed based on available information and an addendum or updated ESMP will be prepared once additional information is available for the scope of works and potential construction methodology. This ESMP meets the requirements of Tonga's Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Act 2003 and complies with the WB's ESF. The Government of Tonga (GoT) through the Ministry of Infrastructure (MOI) is responsible for all Project components and activities complying with these policy requirements. Possible sensitive activities of the proposed maritime works within the TCRTP II Maritime Component has resulted in the WB to rate the environmental risk as Substantial. The proposed activities are not complex or large and impacts are expected to be site specific and temporary. There is low probability of serious adverse effects to human health or the environment as a result of the project and routine safety precautions are expected to be sufficient to manage the health and safety risks. During the preparation of this report, consultations with key stakeholders on potential environmental and social impacts were undertaken and feedback has been incorporated into this document. Feedback from consultation showed that there is overall support for the Project and the Component with no major environmental and social issues raised in the stakeholders' discussions attended by key representatives of local communities and key Government agencies and NGOs. The overall impacts of the Component are expected to be positive as the proposed maritime upgrade works will result in improved capacity and operations and will benefit local communities through job opportunities and economic improvements. It will improve the life expectancy of infrastructure, increase ports capacity, improve safety, and lower operations and maintenance costs. The key potential environmental impacts include, but are not limited to, the structure’s vulnerability to climate change and impacts on marine water quality and marine benthos from sediment and hazardous waste runoff and any works undertaken directly within the marine environment in the vicinity of the Project Area of Influence (PAI). Minor construction impacts such as noise and dust will be short in duration and manageable. Identified key potential social impacts and risks in this ESMP include, but are not limited to, impacts of health and safety of construction workers and general community health and safety. | |
| BM002 | Fountalbert, Charlotte de; Desramaut,Nicolas Benjamin Claude; Devine,Peter Augustus | 2019 | Sao Tome and Principe - Country Economic Memorandum : Background Note 15 - Blue Economy and Environmental Resiliency | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/162571562913551840/Sao-Tome-and-Principe-Country-Economic-Memorandum-Background-Note-15-Blue-Economy-and-Environmental-Resiliency | BM | Oceans are an important source of wealth, at least 3 to 5 percent of global GDP is derived from the oceans, but their overall health is reaching a tipping point. Close to a third of fish stocks are fully fished or overfished, climate change is impacting coastal and marine ecosystems through a variety of vectors, unbridled development in the coastal zone is causing erosion, widespread desalination in semi enclosed seas is threatening fauna and flora alike, and marine pollution, particularly from land-based sources is reaching such a proportion that its impacts cannot even be accurately measured. The role of healthy oceans in stabilizing climate and keeping the planet cool is now better understood, and increasingly given the prominence and visibility it deserves in the global action arena. It is also known that business as usual in the different economic sectors associated with coastal and marine ecosystems will have great environmental and social impacts, which are expected to disproportionally affect vulnerable groups of the population, particularly women and girls. This is reflected in Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 14 - Life Below Water, which calls to conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas, and marine resources for sustainable development. In this context, the concept of the Blue Economy is particularly relevant and applicable to STP. Different institutions have different definitions of the Blue Economy, which is understood by the Bank as the sustainable and integrated development of oceanic sectors in healthy oceans. There is growing recognition that overfishing, marine pollution, and coastal erosion, among other issues, are pushing oceans to a tipping point to the detriment of the millions who depend on healthy oceans for jobs, nutrition, economic growth, and climate regulation. Central to the Blue Economy approach is the recognition that social benefits should be maximized over the long-term, ensuring that the economic drivers that result from the sustainable use of ocean resources are maintained. | |
| BM003 | 2019 | Conceptual Plan for Integrating Community-Based Tourism Along the Bangladesh-India Protocol Route for Inland Navigation : Third Draft Report | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/515671546852120359/Conceptual-Plan-for-Integrating-Community-Based-Tourism-Along-the-Bangladesh-India-Protocol-Route-for-Inland-Navigation-Third-Draft-Report | BM | Covering an area of almost 10, 000 square kilo meters across the coastal region of Bay of Bengal, the Sundarbans is a vast tract of forest and saltwater swamp in the lower part of the Ganga-Brahmaputra and Meghna river deltas. The delta extending across Khulna, Satkhira, and Bagerhat districts of Bangladesh and South 24 Parganas and North 24 Parganas districts of West Bengal in India is also the largest mangrove forest in the world supporting diverse habitats for various aquatic, terrestrial, and amphibian species. On the Bangladesh side, according to the 2011 Bangladesh Census, the Sundarban impact zone (SIZ) has a population of 7.8 million. A considerable section of this population works as agricultural laborers. Agriculture unfortunately is not high yielding due to pronounced salinity of soil and water. Other than agriculture, the major sources of livelihood include fishery, honey, and wax collection. In this context, it is therefore believed that tourism can provide alternate livelihood opportunities to the local population and act as a tool for regional development. However, if tourism is not regulated it may inflict irreparable damage on the bio-diversity of the region. Thus, there is a need for development of sustainable tourism in the Sundarbans area. The South Asia water initiative (SAWI) Sundarbans focus area program seeks to promote joint management of the Sundarbans by the governments of both Bangladesh and India for sustainable development of the region. The two specific goals of this endeavor are to: (i) enhance bilateral cooperation to support operation of the Sundarbans agreements between Bangladesh and India; and (ii) enhance technical cooperation between Bangladesh and India to support joint water resources management in the Sundarbans. | ||
| BM004 | 2018 | Suriname - Saramacca Canal System Rehabilitation Project : Environmental Assessment : Preliminary Environmental and Social Impact Assessment with an Environmental and Social Management Plan | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/879421542017532044/Preliminary-Environmental-and-Social-Impact-Assessment-with-an-Environmental-and-Social-Management-Plan | BM | The development objective of Saramacca Canal System Rehabilitation Project for Suriname is to reduce flood risk for the people living in the Greater Paramaribo area and improve the operation of the Saramacca Canal System for flood risk management and navigation. Some of the negative impacts include: (i) emissions from construction vehicles and equipment; (ii) noise generated by construction equipment and activities; (iii) turbidity and waste; (iv) construction waste; (v) Manatee and river dolphin injury; (vi) loss or disturbance of embankment vegetation; (vii) wildlife injury or mortality; (viii) loss of income for businesses using canal for transport of goods; and (ix) damage or Loss of cultural heritage site, religious shrine due to project implementation. Some of the mitigation measures include: (i) suppress dust as needed in unpaved areas; (ii) develop and implement a construction communications plan to inform businesses and residents of construction activities; (iv) solid waste disposal prohibited into canal; (v) proper availability of drinking water and sanitation facilities should be ensured at locations for workers; (vi) maintain watch during dredging for signs of any activity in work area and stop activity until mammals pass; (viii avoid damage or removal of embankment vegetation; (viii) communicate directly with affected business regarding dredging schedule and lock construction; and (ix) map all sites and identify any risky locations associated with final design and construction schedule. | ||
| BM005 | Klapare,Solvita | 2018 | China - Henan Zhoukou Longhu Wetland Protection and Management Project | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/675291517568133419/China-Henan-Zhoukou-Longhu-Wetland-Protection-and-Management-Project | BM | NA | |
| BM006 | Nepal,Ashim | 2017 | Nepal - Second Phase of the Modernization of Rani Jamara Kulariya Irrigation Scheme Project : environmental assessment : Biodiversity impact assessment | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/883771514399187366/Biodiversity-impact-assessment | BM | The development objectives of the Second Phase of the Modernization of Rani Jamara Kulariya Irrigation Scheme Project for Nepal are to improve irrigation services and to promote improved farming practices for farmers in the irrigated areas of the Rani Jamara Kulariya irrigation scheme. Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: (1) install closed-circuit television (CCTV) at locations where required to monitor wildlife movements in the project area during construction; (2) conduction of awareness program on regular basis; (3) spillage of toxins and other lubricants will be strictly controlled and prohibited; (4) facilitate for increment of buffer zone area and aware locals on potential area of conflicts with the wild animals; (5) encourage to establish bird watching centers in project area; (6) coordinate with authorities for prohibition on the use of gill net during fishing as it entangles fishes of all size that ultimately hampers breeding fish population; and (7) awareness program on income generation from feral cattle. | |
| BM007 | 2017 | Sri Lanka : Managing Coastal Natural Wealth | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/935641540997593260/Sri-Lanka-Managing-Coastal-Natural-Wealth | BM | Coastal areas are essential to Sri Lanka’s economic development, accounting for the highest concentration of population and economic activity. Sandy beaches, dunes, lagoons, estuaries, fresh water marshes, minerals, mangroves and reefs enrich some 1,600 km of coastline that surrounds the “pearl shaped” island. Approximately 33 percent of Sri Lanka’s population lives in coastal areas that support diverse livelihoods, from fishing to tourism to manufacturing and modern urban services. The coastal ecosystems are uniquely important as they enable multiple human activities.Among all economic activities, tourism and fisheries are the most dependent on the natural resources of the coast. Together, these two sectors generate 10 percent of Sri Lanka’s foreign exchange earnings and account for 6.7 percent of employment. Fisheries make an important contribution to food security, employment, and Gross Domestic Product (GDP), contributing close to 4.5 percent of Sri Lanka’s total export revenue, with further significant growth potential. Nearly 90 percent of the total national fish catch comes from the marine and coastal fishery, and it supports the livelihoods of many artisanal fishermen and those who access or are in the value chain of the large pelagic fishery within the 200 nm Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ). Along the coast, 20 formal fish harbors accommodate more than 4,000 single and multi-day fishing vessels. The fisheries sector is a major source of employment, providing approximately 500,000 formal and informal jobs. | ||
| BM008 | Wilson,David; Whiteside,Alan W. | 2016 | AIDS at 35 : a midlife crisis | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/171981487940623776/AIDS-at-35-a-midlife-crisis | BM | AIDS was first publicly reported on 5th June 1981 in the Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report(MMWR) of the US Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Doctors in New York and San Francisco wereseeing clusters of previously extremely rare diseases such as pneumocystis carinii, and Kaposi’s sarcoma. These infections manifested in exceptionally serious forms, initially, within a narrowly defined riskgroup—young, homosexual men, and lead to death with a short period. Soon it was clear these illnesseswere occurring in other definable groups: haemophiliacs, blood transfusion recipients, and injecting drug users (IDUs). By 1982 cases were seen in the partners and infants of those infected. This reports of cases from Europe, Australia, New Zealand, a number of African countries, Brazil, and Mexico. In Zambia a significant rise in cases of Kaposi’s sarcoma was recorded. In Kinshasa, Zaire there was an upsurge in patients with cryptococcosis, an unusual fungal infection. The Ugandan Ministry of Health was receiving reports of increased and unexpected deaths among young people in Lake Victoria fishing villages. The name ‘Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome’ (AIDS) was agreed in Washington in July 1982. Even when the syndrome had been identified and named it was not clear what its cause was, how it spread, and what treatments could be developed. In 1983 the virus was identified by the Institute Pasteur in France and called ‘Lymphadenopathy-Associated Virus’ or LAV. In 1987 the name ‘Human Immunodeficiency Virus’ (HIV) was confirmed by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. The author warned of the potential devastation AIDS would wreak across Africa, but this went unheard. their watched with dismay as colleagues and friends sickened and died, and the political leaders initially ignored what was to come. In this editorial authors look at the best of times – where things went well; and the worst of times – where the challenges lie. | |
| BM009 | 2016 | Kenya - Western Kenya Community Driven Development and Flood Mitigation Project | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/706421481552765649/Kenya-Western-Kenya-Community-Driven-Development-and-Flood-Mitigation-Project | BM | Ratings for the Western Kenya Community Driven Development (CDD) and Flood Mitigation Project for Kenya were as follows: outcomes were moderately unsatisfactory, the risk to development outcome was high, the Bank performance was moderately unsatisfactory, and the Borrower performance was also moderately unsatisfactory. Some lessons learned included: First, the project provides considerable evidence that a broad-based CDD initiative is highly relevant to the needs and aspirations of poor rural communities. CDD is an effective approach to bring quality benefits to a large number of people, over a wide geographic area, quickly and sustainably. Second, the project has demonstrated the benefits of empowering communities to plan development interventions and manage the implementation of local initiatives for income generation, food security and sustainable land management. Third, design of CDD projects, while taking a holistic and integrated approach, needs to be guided by an explicit theory of change and impact pathways that reduce complexities into manageable components that are clearly aligned to a specific and clear development objective. Fourth, the project developed a number of useful tools that can be scaled up in other projects, sectors and countries. Fifth, the design and implementation of this project demonstrate the challenge of balancing depth and breadth, selecting between deeper approaches and consolidation in a smaller number of communities to deliver quality benefits, and the thin spread approach across a large number of communities to reach more people which seemed to characterize this project. Finally, market access was a cross-cutting challenge across CIGs as they increased production. Economic and financial analysis revealed a clear pattern between farm models, with a declining rate of return as the distance to the market increased. | ||
| BM010 | 2016 | Seychelles post disaster needs assessment : tropical cyclone Fantala April 2016 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/802481498125766383/Seychelles-post-disaster-needs-assessment-tropical-cyclone-Fantala-April-2016 | BM | As a small island state, the Seychelles is exposed to a disproportionately high economic, social, and environmental impact of natural and environmental disasters. The country’s location and topography make it vulnerable to tropical cyclones, tsunamis, storm surge, extreme rainfall, flooding, landslides, rockslides and forest fires. These adverse effects are further exacerbated by the medium to long-term effects of climate change and present significant risks to the country’s sustainable development. On 17 and 19 April 2016, Farquhar Atoll, located in the Seychelles’ Outer Islands, was hit by the strongest tropical cyclone ever recorded to have developed over the Indian Ocean basin. Tropical Cyclone Fantala was the sixth cyclone occurring during the 2015-2016 tropical cyclone season, making landfalls twice on Farquhar Atoll, damaging almost all the infrastructure and coconut palm tree groves on the atoll. Given the recognized global importance of the Farquhar Atoll’s natural ecosystems, a separate chapter is dedicated to the cyclone impacts on the environment, with detailed descriptions of impacts on natural habitats, vegetation, and fauna, is included in this report. | ||
| BM011 | 2016 | Seychelles post disaster needs assessment : tropical cyclone fantala : A report by the Government of Seychelles | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/767291481886997139/A-report-by-the-Government-of-Seychelles | BM | The tropical cyclone, Fantala, formed over the southwestern Indian Ocean on 11 April, 2016. It passednear Farquhar Atoll on April 17, with maximum sustained wind speeds of 241 km/h. On April 19, itsustained maximum wind speeds of 157 km/h, causing widespread damage. Tropical cyclone Fantalamade landfall on the evening of Sunday 17 with winds up to 350 km/h. Significant damage was reportedon Farquhar Island's environment, physical infrastructure, and coconut palm tree groves. On April 20,the Government of Seychelles declared the Farquhar group area, including Providence Atoll and St.Pierre a disaster area. The report provides a breakdown of key sectors affected, the economic damages and losses,as well as the resources needed to finance the recovery of the areas negatively impacted upon by thepassing of Tropical Cyclone Fantala over Farquhar Atoll. The PDNA report also provides recommendations and guidelines to ensure that a risk reduction perspective that incorporates a build back-better approach guides the recovery process. The aim is to mitigate the underlying drivers of vulnerability. A key outcome of the PDNA assessment is to highlight an enhanced understanding that disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation considerations shall be the overarching themes that underpin the selection of sustainable recovery interventions, contributing to protect the country’s social and economic gains and assets, as well as its natural environment and ecosystem services. The PDNA is a methodology for joint assessment and recovery planning that seeks to assess the impact of the disaster and define a strategy for recovery, including the estimation of financial resources required. The assessment evaluates the disaster effects, pulling together information on the physical damages of the disaster and on its socio economic aspects (economic losses, changes in service delivery and governance caused by the disasters, and increased risks and vulnerabilities). On these bases, it evaluates the overallimpact of the disaster on the macro-economic and human development context of a country. Based on this information, the PDNA determines the needs and recovery priorities generated by the disaster and produces a consolidated report that lends to a resilient recovery strategy. | ||
| BM012 | 0000A8056 | 2015 | Kenya - Western Kenya CDD and Flood Mitigation Project : P074106 - Implementation Status Results Report : Sequence 15 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/769831468039248979/Kenya-Western-Kenya-CDD-and-Flood-Mitigation-Project-P074106-Implementation-Status-Results-Report-Sequence-15 | BM | NA | |
| BM013 | Kossoy,Alexandre; Peszko,Grzegorz; Oppermann,Klaus; Prytz,Nicolai; Gilbert, Alyssa; Klein, Noemie; ; Lam,Long Khanh; ; Wong, Lindee | 2015 | Carbon pricing watch 2015 : an advance brief from the state and trends of carbon pricing 2015 report, to be released late 2015 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/387741468188935412/Carbon-pricing-watch-2015-an-advance-brief-from-the-state-and-trends-of-carbon-pricing-2015-report-to-be-released-late-2015 | BM | Significant progress in carbon pricing has been made over the last ten years. In 2015, about 40 national and over 20 subnational jurisdictions, representing almost a quarter of global greenhouse gas emissions (GHG), are putting a price on carbon. Together, the carbon pricing instruments in these jurisdictions cover about half of their emissions, which translates into approximately 7 GtCO2e or about 12 percent of annual global GHG emissions. This figure represents a threefold increase over the past decade. The total value of the emissions trading schemes (ETSs) reported in the State and Trends of Carbon Pricing 2014 report was about US$30 billion (US$32 billion to be precise). Despite the repeal of Australia’s Carbon Pricing Mechanism in July 2014, and mainly due to the launch of the Korean ETS and the expansion of GHG emissions coverage in the California and Quebec ETSs, the value of global ETSs as of April 1, 2015 increased slightly to about US$34 billion. In addition, carbon taxes around the world, valued for the first time in this report, are about US$14 billion. Combined, the value of the carbon pricing mechanism globally in 2015 is estimated to be just under US$50 billion. | |
| BM014 | 2015 | Tanzania - Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project : additional financing : environmental assessment (Vol. 4) : Ombeyi integrated wetland management plan | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/955041467980513750/Ombeyi-integrated-wetland-management-plan | BM | The objective of the Additional Financing for the Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project for Tanzania is to improve collaborative management of the trans-boundary natural resources of Lake Victoria Basin for the shared benefits of the EAC partner states. Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: scum on maturation ponds should be removed and broken up. Scum and algae mats should be dried and disposed of by burying them nearby. Scum on anaerobic ponds aids the treatment process and should be left to form a hard crust, but sprayed to prevent any flies from breeding; inlets and outlets weirs of the various facilities should be kept free from accumulating solids; any vegetation emerging through the hard edge protection or from the pond liquid should be removed; regular records should be kept of flow rates into and out of the pond system and the influent and effluent quality should be regularly monitored; a careful watch should be kept for evidence of embankment damage caused by burrowing rodents, snakes, ants etc. Fencing should keep out larger animals such as water buffalo or hippopotamus and other unwanted people; the contractor shall ensure that any wastewater generated during construction of the sewer system is properly collected through drains and stabilized in the ponds; and waste water in the existing lagoons shall be managed carefully during rehabilitation to prevent direct release of untreated water into the lake. | ||
| BM015 | 2015 | Tanzania - Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project : additional financing : environmental assessment (Vol. 2) : Kibirong integrated wetland management plan | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/354021468183848030/Kibirong-integrated-wetland-management-plan | BM | The objective of the Additional Financing for the Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project for Tanzania is to improve collaborative management of the trans-boundary natural resources of Lake Victoria Basin for the shared benefits of the EAC partner states. Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: scum on maturation ponds should be removed and broken up. Scum and algae mats should be dried and disposed of by burying them nearby. Scum on anaerobic ponds aids the treatment process and should be left to form a hard crust, but sprayed to prevent any flies from breeding; inlets and outlets weirs of the various facilities should be kept free from accumulating solids; any vegetation emerging through the hard edge protection or from the pond liquid should be removed; regular records should be kept of flow rates into and out of the pond system and the influent and effluent quality should be regularly monitored; a careful watch should be kept for evidence of embankment damage caused by burrowing rodents, snakes, ants etc. Fencing should keep out larger animals such as water buffalo or hippopotamus and other unwanted people; the contractor shall ensure that any wastewater generated during construction of the sewer system is properly collected through drains and stabilized in the ponds; and waste water in the existing lagoons shall be managed carefully during rehabilitation to prevent direct release of untreated water into the lake. | ||
| BM016 | 2015 | China - Ningbo Water And Environment Project | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/492691475117593207/China-Ningbo-Water-And-Environment-Project | BM | NA | ||
| BM017 | 2014 | Belize - Management and Protection of Key Biodiversity Areas Project | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/894681468201280561/Belize-Management-and-Protection-of-Key-Biodiversity-Areas-Project | BM | The development objective of the Management and Protection of Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs) Project for Belize is to strengthen natural resource management and biodiversity conservation in KBAs of Belize. The project comprises of four components. The first component, supporting forest protection and sustainable forest management activities in KBAs will support activities in: (i) forest protection, and (ii) sustainable forest management. The second component, promoting effective management of KBAs will support: (i) improving management of KBAs, and (ii) monitoring and compliance of protected areas (PAs). The third component, institutional strengthening and capacity building for enhanced enforcement of environmental regulations will promote enhanced coordination and provide training among government agencies charged with environmental management. This will be achieved through supporting: (i) increased coordination for balancing environmental management and development, and (ii) strengthening and improvement of environmental screening tools and processes. The fourth component, project management, monitoring, and assessment will support the project implementing agency group (PIAG) to undertake: (i) project management and implementation support including technical, administrative, and fiduciary support and compliance with environmental and social safeguards, and (ii) monitoring and evaluation, data collection, stakeholder involvement, and coordination. | ||
| BM018 | 2014 | Belize - Management and Protection of Key Biodiversity Areas in Belize Project : indigenous peoples plan : Culturally appropriate community consultations and indigenous peoples planning framework | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/819151468017367227/Culturally-appropriate-community-consultations-and-indigenous-peoples-planning-framework | BM | The development objective of the Management and Protection of Key Biodiversity Areas Project is to strengthen natural resource management and biodiversity conservation through the mitigation of threats to Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs) in Belize. Traditional users of resources within protected areas could be negatively impacted by the project activities, particularly those who extract resources. The project recognizes this potential and has made provisions to support the development of livelihood alternatives that reduce pressures on the biodiversity of KBAs. The project implementers will ensure that the benefits from the livelihood support will accrue to those who actually utilize the forest. The indigenous peoples of Belize who could be impacted by the project are the Maya (Mopan, and Kekchi) and the Garinagu. Other ethnicity that could be impacted includes the Creole, Mestizo, and East Indians. These groups will be consulted on the activities of the project. | ||
| BM019 | 2014 | Philippines - Rural Development Project | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/494411468296969716/Philippines-Rural-Development-Project | BM | The Rural Development Project for the Philippines aims to increase rural incomes and enhance farm and fishery productivity in targeted areas by supporting smallholders and fishers to increase their marketable surpluses and their access to markets. This will be achieved through: (a) supporting changes in agricultural and fisheries planning, resource programming and implementation practices; and (b) financing priority local investments in rural infrastructure and enterprise development derived from agricultural and fisheries modernization plans, using a value chain approach, and through stakeholder consultations. The project~^!!^s Global Environment Objective is to strengthen the conservation of the coastal and marine resource base in targeted program areas through biodiversity conservation and fisheries resources management. This will be achieved through: (i) enhancing institutional and planning capacities of local government units and communities; (ii) providing support to marine protected areas in particular areas of global biodiversity significance and select fishery co-management arrangements; and (iii) sharing of knowledge and best practices. There are four components to the Project and the Global Environment Objectives. Component 1 focuses on local and national level planning. The planning, programming and budgeting processes related to the development of the agricultural and fisheries modernization planning process is the main basis of decision making and operations of the Department of Agriculture at the national, regional, local levels, as well as selected marine protected areas. Component 2 concerns infrastructure development. The project will carry out of specific sub-projects to support infrastructure development by local government units in priority commodity value chains (including, among others, farm-to-market roads, bridges, tire tracks, communal irrigation, potable water systems, post-harvest facilities, production facilities, fish landings, fish sanctuaries, tram lines, storage facilities, trading posts, green houses, solar driers, watch towers, and slope stabilization works). Component 3 deals with enterprise development. This will be accomplished by: a) carrying out of specific subprojects to support vertical and horizontal clustering, joint business planning and investments by producer groups and enterprises operating within priority commodity value chains; and (b) promoting biodiversity conservation and coastal resource co-management arrangements, as well as carrying out sustainable income-generating livelihood activities. A particular focus would be on facilitating vertical integration and trade facilitation. Component 4 concerns project implementation and support through the provision of technical and operational assistance for the day-to-day coordination, implementation, monitoring, evaluation and audit of the project. | ||
| BM020 | 2014 | Tanzania - Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project : additional financing : environmental assessment (Vol. 9) : Environmental impact assessment report for the proposed biotoilet contruction at Saint Augustine Nyamonye girls secondary school, Siaya county | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/589181468190139633/Environmental-impact-assessment-report-for-the-proposed-biotoilet-contruction-at-Saint-Augustine-Nyamonye-girls-secondary-school-Siaya-county | BM | The objective of the Additional Financing for the Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project for Tanzania is to improve collaborative management of the trans-boundary natural resources of Lake Victoria Basin for the shared benefits of the EAC partner states. Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: scum on maturation ponds should be removed and broken up. Scum and algae mats should be dried and disposed of by burying them nearby. Scum on anaerobic ponds aids the treatment process and should be left to form a hard crust, but sprayed to prevent any flies from breeding; inlets and outlets weirs of the various facilities should be kept free from accumulating solids; any vegetation emerging through the hard edge protection or from the pond liquid should be removed; regular records should be kept of flow rates into and out of the pond system and the influent and effluent quality should be regularly monitored; a careful watch should be kept for evidence of embankment damage caused by burrowing rodents, snakes, ants etc. Fencing should keep out larger animals such as water buffalo or hippopotamus and other unwanted people; the contractor shall ensure that any wastewater generated during construction of the sewer system is properly collected through drains and stabilized in the ponds; and waste water in the existing lagoons shall be managed carefully during rehabilitation to prevent direct release of untreated water into the lake. | ||
| BM021 | Cira,Dean A. | 2014 | Project Information Document (Appraisal Stage) - Uganda: Albertine Region Sustainable Development Project - P145101 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/904261468113942435/Project-Information-Document-Appraisal-Stage-Uganda-Albertine-Region-Sustainable-Development-Project-P145101 | BM | NA | |
| BM022 | 2013 | Tanzania - Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project : additional financing : environmental assessment (Vol. 8) : Environmental and social impact assessment for construction of simplified community sewerage system for Mabatini and Igogo areas in Mwanza city | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/191411467988935120/Environmental-and-social-impact-assessment-for-construction-of-simplified-community-sewerage-system-for-Mabatini-and-Igogo-areas-in-Mwanza-city | BM | The objective of the Additional Financing for the Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project for Tanzania is to improve collaborative management of the trans-boundary natural resources of Lake Victoria Basin for the shared benefits of the EAC partner states. Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: scum on maturation ponds should be removed and broken up. Scum and algae mats should be dried and disposed of by burying them nearby. Scum on anaerobic ponds aids the treatment process and should be left to form a hard crust, but sprayed to prevent any flies from breeding; inlets and outlets weirs of the various facilities should be kept free from accumulating solids; any vegetation emerging through the hard edge protection or from the pond liquid should be removed; regular records should be kept of flow rates into and out of the pond system and the influent and effluent quality should be regularly monitored; a careful watch should be kept for evidence of embankment damage caused by burrowing rodents, snakes, ants etc. Fencing should keep out larger animals such as water buffalo or hippopotamus and other unwanted people; the contractor shall ensure that any wastewater generated during construction of the sewer system is properly collected through drains and stabilized in the ponds; and waste water in the existing lagoons shall be managed carefully during rehabilitation to prevent direct release of untreated water into the lake. | ||
| BM023 | 2013 | Myanmar economic monitor | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/107851468062088730/Myanmar-economic-monitor | BM | This economic update provides an overview for 2012 and 2013 in Myanmar, years during which the economy continued to accelerate. The main drivers of growth were increased gas production, services, construction, foreign direct investment, and strong commodity exports. Inflation has been on the rise in recent months, but the outlook is positive with the economy projected to grow more. This will be on account of a continued increase in gas production, increased trade, and stronger performance in agriculture. Risks to the outlook include the challenge of maintaining the reform momentum. Externally, a slowdown in Chinese domestic investment and a decline in global commodity prices would hurt commodity exporting countries such as Myanmar. The policy watch section presents a number of planned or recently implemented policy reforms which reflect the country's continuing drive to improve the business environment. A special feature article presents a summary of findings from a recent assessment of Myanmar’s Public Financial Management (PFM). | ||
| BM024 | 2013 | 2011 ICP : validation and experimental calculations | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/688241468180895051/2011-ICP-validation-and-experimental-calculations | BM | This paper includes: in accordance with the ICP GO WB requests, the task of the ICP VEG and CoTaF during the validation of input annual 2011 data was the evaluation of the following points: overall quality of price data (by region); comparability of data at regional level; comparability of data at global level; extent of which Global Core prices represent and reflect regional price levels; density and sparsely of price data and its effect on computing linking factors; quality of resulting linking factors; and quality of resulting Global PPPs for household consumption. | ||
| BM025 | 2013 | Tanzania - Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project : additional financing : environmental assessment (Vol. 13) : Environmental and social impacts assessment for the construction of sewerage sludge disposal facility in Bukoba Municipality in Kagera Region | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/555441468202148702/Environmental-and-social-impacts-assessment-for-the-construction-of-sewerage-sludge-disposal-facility-in-Bukoba-Municipality-in-Kagera-Region | BM | The objective of the Additional Financing for the Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project for Tanzania is to improve collaborative management of the trans-boundary natural resources of Lake Victoria Basin for the shared benefits of the EAC partner states. Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: scum on maturation ponds should be removed and broken up. Scum and algae mats should be dried and disposed of by burying them nearby. Scum on anaerobic ponds aids the treatment process and should be left to form a hard crust, but sprayed to prevent any flies from breeding; inlets and outlets weirs of the various facilities should be kept free from accumulating solids; any vegetation emerging through the hard edge protection or from the pond liquid should be removed; regular records should be kept of flow rates into and out of the pond system and the influent and effluent quality should be regularly monitored; a careful watch should be kept for evidence of embankment damage caused by burrowing rodents, snakes, ants etc. Fencing should keep out larger animals such as water buffalo or hippopotamus and other unwanted people; the contractor shall ensure that any wastewater generated during construction of the sewer system is properly collected through drains and stabilized in the ponds; and waste water in the existing lagoons shall be managed carefully during rehabilitation to prevent direct release of untreated water into the lake. | ||
| BM026 | 2013 | Tanzania - Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project : additional financing : environmental assessment (Vol. 15) : Environmental and social impacts assessment for construction of sewerage system in Bukoba municipality in Kagera region | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/483051467992766869/Environmental-and-social-impacts-assessment-for-construction-of-sewerage-system-in-Bukoba-municipality-in-Kagera-region | BM | The objective of the Additional Financing for the Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project for Tanzania is to improve collaborative management of the trans-boundary natural resources of Lake Victoria Basin for the shared benefits of the EAC partner states. Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: scum on maturation ponds should be removed and broken up. Scum and algae mats should be dried and disposed of by burying them nearby. Scum on anaerobic ponds aids the treatment process and should be left to form a hard crust, but sprayed to prevent any flies from breeding; inlets and outlets weirs of the various facilities should be kept free from accumulating solids; any vegetation emerging through the hard edge protection or from the pond liquid should be removed; regular records should be kept of flow rates into and out of the pond system and the influent and effluent quality should be regularly monitored; a careful watch should be kept for evidence of embankment damage caused by burrowing rodents, snakes, ants etc. Fencing should keep out larger animals such as water buffalo or hippopotamus and other unwanted people; the contractor shall ensure that any wastewater generated during construction of the sewer system is properly collected through drains and stabilized in the ponds; and waste water in the existing lagoons shall be managed carefully during rehabilitation to prevent direct release of untreated water into the lake. | ||
| BM027 | 2013 | Tanzania - Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project : additional financing : environmental assessment : Environmental and social impact assessment study report for Homa Bay sewerage treatment system, Homa Bay County | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/758661468182655091/Environmental-and-social-impact-assessment-study-report-for-Homa-Bay-sewerage-treatment-system-Homa-Bay-County | BM | The objective of the Additional Financing for the Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project for Tanzania is to improve collaborative management of the trans-boundary natural resources of Lake Victoria Basin for the shared benefits of the EAC partner states. Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: scum on maturation ponds should be removed and broken up. Scum and algae mats should be dried and disposed of by burying them nearby. Scum on anaerobic ponds aids the treatment process and should be left to form a hard crust, but sprayed to prevent any flies from breeding; inlets and outlets weirs of the various facilities should be kept free from accumulating solids; any vegetation emerging through the hard edge protection or from the pond liquid should be removed; regular records should be kept of flow rates into and out of the pond system and the influent and effluent quality should be regularly monitored; a careful watch should be kept for evidence of embankment damage caused by burrowing rodents, snakes, ants etc. Fencing should keep out larger animals such as water buffalo or hippopotamus and other unwanted people; the contractor shall ensure that any wastewater generated during construction of the sewer system is properly collected through drains and stabilized in the ponds; and waste water in the existing lagoons shall be managed carefully during rehabilitation to prevent direct release of untreated water into the lake. | ||
| BM028 | 2012 | China - Global Environment Facility (GEF) Sustainable Management and Biodiversity Conservation of the Lake Aibi Basin Project : financial statements and audit report for the year ended December 31, 2012 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/796441468221670666/China-Global-Environment-Facility-GEF-Sustainable-Management-and-Biodiversity-Conservation-of-the-Lake-Aibi-Basin-Project-financial-statements-and-audit-report-for-the-year-ended-December-31-2012 | BM | NA | ||
| BM029 | 2012 | Tanzania - Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project : additional financing : environmental assessment (Vol. 11) : Preliminary environmental assessment for the proposed construction of Charco Dam at Mwabuma Village in Meatu District in Simiyu Region | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/478461468001782283/Preliminary-environmental-assessment-for-the-proposed-construction-of-Charco-Dam-at-Mwabuma-Village-in-Meatu-District-in-Simiyu-Region | BM | The objective of the Additional Financing for the Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project for Tanzania is to improve collaborative management of the trans-boundary natural resources of Lake Victoria Basin for the shared benefits of the EAC partner states. Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: scum on maturation ponds should be removed and broken up. Scum and algae mats should be dried and disposed of by burying them nearby. Scum on anaerobic ponds aids the treatment process and should be left to form a hard crust, but sprayed to prevent any flies from breeding; inlets and outlets weirs of the various facilities should be kept free from accumulating solids; any vegetation emerging through the hard edge protection or from the pond liquid should be removed; regular records should be kept of flow rates into and out of the pond system and the influent and effluent quality should be regularly monitored; a careful watch should be kept for evidence of embankment damage caused by burrowing rodents, snakes, ants etc. Fencing should keep out larger animals such as water buffalo or hippopotamus and other unwanted people; the contractor shall ensure that any wastewater generated during construction of the sewer system is properly collected through drains and stabilized in the ponds; and waste water in the existing lagoons shall be managed carefully during rehabilitation to prevent direct release of untreated water into the lake. | ||
| BM030 | 2012 | Tanzania - Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project : additional financing : environmental assessment (Vol. 12) : Preliminary environmental assessment study for the proposed construction of Charco Dam at Mwamkala Village in Busega District in Simiyu Region | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/699331467993494752/Preliminary-environmental-assessment-study-for-the-proposed-construction-of-Charco-Dam-at-Mwamkala-Village-in-Busega-District-in-Simiyu-Region | BM | The objective of the Additional Financing for the Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project for Tanzania is to improve collaborative management of the trans-boundary natural resources of Lake Victoria Basin for the shared benefits of the EAC partner states. Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: scum on maturation ponds should be removed and broken up. Scum and algae mats should be dried and disposed of by burying them nearby. Scum on anaerobic ponds aids the treatment process and should be left to form a hard crust, but sprayed to prevent any flies from breeding; inlets and outlets weirs of the various facilities should be kept free from accumulating solids; any vegetation emerging through the hard edge protection or from the pond liquid should be removed; regular records should be kept of flow rates into and out of the pond system and the influent and effluent quality should be regularly monitored; a careful watch should be kept for evidence of embankment damage caused by burrowing rodents, snakes, ants etc. Fencing should keep out larger animals such as water buffalo or hippopotamus and other unwanted people; the contractor shall ensure that any wastewater generated during construction of the sewer system is properly collected through drains and stabilized in the ponds; and waste water in the existing lagoons shall be managed carefully during rehabilitation to prevent direct release of untreated water into the lake. | ||
| BM031 | 2012 | Tanzania - Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project : additional financing : environmental assessment (Vol. 10) : Preliminary environmental assessment for the proposed construction of artificial wetland at Butuja Sub-Ward in Ilemela Ward located in Mwanza City | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/355921467999115113/Preliminary-environmental-assessment-for-the-proposed-construction-of-artificial-wetland-at-Butuja-Sub-Ward-in-Ilemela-Ward-located-in-Mwanza-City | BM | The objective of the Additional Financing for the Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project for Tanzania is to improve collaborative management of the trans-boundary natural resources of Lake Victoria Basin for the shared benefits of the EAC partner states. Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: scum on maturation ponds should be removed and broken up. Scum and algae mats should be dried and disposed of by burying them nearby. Scum on anaerobic ponds aids the treatment process and should be left to form a hard crust, but sprayed to prevent any flies from breeding; inlets and outlets weirs of the various facilities should be kept free from accumulating solids; any vegetation emerging through the hard edge protection or from the pond liquid should be removed; regular records should be kept of flow rates into and out of the pond system and the influent and effluent quality should be regularly monitored; a careful watch should be kept for evidence of embankment damage caused by burrowing rodents, snakes, ants etc. Fencing should keep out larger animals such as water buffalo or hippopotamus and other unwanted people; the contractor shall ensure that any wastewater generated during construction of the sewer system is properly collected through drains and stabilized in the ponds; and waste water in the existing lagoons shall be managed carefully during rehabilitation to prevent direct release of untreated water into the lake. | ||
| BM032 | 2012 | Central Asia - Tien Shan Ecosystem Development Project | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/180781474905439685/Central-Asia-Tien-Shan-Ecosystem-Development-Project | BM | NA | ||
| BM033 | 2012 | Kenya - Western Kenya Community Driven Development and Flood Mitigation Project : restructuring : Main report | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/237491468276357250/Main-report | BM | The objective of the Western Kenya Community Driven Development and Flood Mitigation Project is to empower local communities to engage in wealth creating activities, lower the incidence of poverty and reduce the vulnerability of the poor to adverse outcomes associated with recurrent flooding. This restructuring reallocate the fund under and within the flood mitigation component and the allocation of the unallocated category of funds to sub component. This reallocation will address the underestimated cost for rehabilitation and strengthening the existing dykes. The consultant investigating the dyke's integrity will a set of options which will provide a reasonable degree of protection from flooding to community. The design of civil structures is at an advanced stage. This restructuring therefore a reallocation of US$6,767,183 within component and reallocation of the unallocated credit proceeds of US$4,704,205. | ||
| BM034 | 2012 | China - GEF-Ningbo Water and Environment Project | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/145901468023682111/China-GEF-Ningbo-Water-and-Environment-Project | BM | Ratings for the GEF-Ningbo Water and Environment Project (NWEP) for China were as follows: outcomes were moderately satisfactory; risk to global environment outcome was substantial; Bank performance was moderately satisfactory; and borrower performance was also moderately satisfactory. Some lessons learned includes: it is possible to successfully restore lost wetlands. At the time of appraisal, the wetlands in the project area had all but disappeared. With the introduction of appropriate ecological measures, nature is capable of reviving itself within a relatively short period even in a highly developed urban area. Constructed wetlands can be used for enhanced treatment of wastewater. The NWEP and Global Environment Facility (GEF) projects together demonstrated the feasibility of nitrogen removal using the simple and effective technique of wetlands. The project has also demonstrated the importance of appropriate design for constructed wetlands. The prevailing thinking about 'wetlands' was large water surfaces with some plants along the edges, that maybe aesthetically pleasing but have minimal treatment functions. Thorough institutional analysis is required for the design of effective implementation arrangements. A key shortcoming of the project was inadequate assessment of key stakeholders in coastal zone management. Had the institutional environment been more thoroughly assessed, many of the delays and implementation challenges encountered may have been mitigated. A results framework with measurable targets and well-defined baselines is critical to monitor project progress. The lack of appropriate baseline data combined with poorly designed performance indicators made it difficult to effectively capture project achievements. | ||
| BM035 | NA | Sri Lanka - Metro Colombo Urban Development Project : environmental assessment (Vol. 8) : Environmental screening report for establishment of Beddagana and Kotte Ramparts Parks | https://documents.worldbank.org/en/publication/documents-reports/documentdetail/284121468301730343/Environmental-screening-report-for-establishment-of-Beddagana-and-Kotte-Ramparts-Parks | BM | The Metro Colombo Urban Development Project is to be carried out in two stages - stages one and two. Stage one investments are those interventions identified as being structurally straight forward and considered urgent and having less complex environmental and social issues. Stage two investments conversely are not ready for implementation and will require greater preparatory work before design details are finalized including confirmation through a detail hydrological modeling assessment. Negative impacts include: dust, air pollution, noise and vibration, solid waste, soil erosion, traffic congestion, and safety. Mitigation measures include: 1) regular watering of roads for dust suppression in urban, residential areas and in areas with sensitive receptors; 2) all construction machines and vehicles should meet the standard on emissions and have passed the emission test, and no burning of wastes on site; 3) apply appropriate schedule to avoid any works that may cause noise and vibration during 10 pm - 6 am. Any nighttime activities should be done using noise reducing means or low noise technologies; 4) travel route for construction vehicles should be designed to avoid areas of congestion; and 5) appropriate safety equipment, tools and protective clothing should be provided to the workers and ensured that safe working methods are applied. | ||
| BM036 | 2011 | Sri Lanka - Metro Colombo Urban Development Project : environmental assessment (Vol. 2) : Environmental management framework | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/465891468164963589/Environmental-management-framework | BM | The Metro Colombo Urban Development Project is to be carried out in two stages - stages one and two. Stage one investments are those interventions identified as being structurally straight forward and considered urgent and having less complex environmental and social issues. Stage two investments conversely are not ready for implementation and will require greater preparatory work before design details are finalized including confirmation through a detail hydrological modeling assessment. Negative impacts include: dust, air pollution, noise and vibration, solid waste, soil erosion, traffic congestion, and safety. Mitigation measures include: 1) regular watering of roads for dust suppression in urban, residential areas and in areas with sensitive receptors; 2) all construction machines and vehicles should meet the standard on emissions and have passed the emission test, and no burning of wastes on site; 3) apply appropriate schedule to avoid any works that may cause noise and vibration during 10 pm - 6 am. Any nighttime activities should be done using noise reducing means or low noise technologies; 4) travel route for construction vehicles should be designed to avoid areas of congestion; and 5) appropriate safety equipment, tools and protective clothing should be provided to the workers and ensured that safe working methods are applied. | ||
| BM037 | Vogel,Frederic A. | 2011 | Some simple methods to validate basic heading PPPs | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/866081468166186318/Some-simple-methods-to-validate-basic-heading-PPPs | BM | A huge effort goes into validating the prices that enter the estimation of basic heading PPPs. The purpose of this paper is to show that once the prices have been validated, there should be another validation that examines the distribution of the PPPs across the basic headings to find those basic heading PPPs that differ significantly from the rest. This can be done be examining the distribution of PPPs within each country. The review of basic heading PPPs is followed by examining the Paasche-Laspeyres spreads based on the global aggregation of the 129 basic headings to the GDP. The paper concludes with questions for consideration. | |
| BM038 | 2011 | India - Assam State Roads Project : environmental assessment (Vol. 7) : Environmental impact assessment (SH-32) | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/716151468041944239/Environmental-impact-assessment-SH-32 | BM | The objective of the Assam State Roads Project for is to provide road users in Assam with good quality and better managed state highways and major district roads. Negative measures include: air pollution, water pollution, soil erosion, ecology, waste management, impact on flora and fauna, and noise pollution. Mitigation measures include: a) the contractor shall also ensure that no material blocks the natural flow of water in any water course or cross drainage channel. Prior to monsoon, the contractor shall provide either permanent or temporary drains to prevent water accumulation in surrounding residential, commercial and agricultural areas; b) contractors shall ensure that no construction materials like earth, stone, or ash disposed off so as not to block the flow of water of any water course and cross drainage channels; c) noise pollution shall be monitored as per environmental monitoring plan at sensitive locations where pre-construction noise data was collected. The functioning of the noise harriers has to be specifically supervised and monitored for further improvement and replication at other affected points if necessary; and d) the contractor shall take reasonable precaution to prevent his workmen or any other persons from removing and damaging any flora (plant and vegetation) and fauna (animal) including fishing in any water body and hunting of any animal. | ||
| BM039 | 2011 | Egypt, Arab Republic of - Second Integrated Sanitation and Sewerage Infrastructure Project : environmental assessment (Vol. 7) : Framework for the environmental and social impact assessment framework (ESIAF) : Delta governorates - executive summary | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/569871468037737151/Framework-for-the-environmental-and-social-impact-assessment-framework-ESIAF-Delta-governorates-executive-summary | BM | The objective of the Second Integrated Sanitation and Sewerage Infrastructure Project for Egypt, Arab Republic of is to provide the targeted population in the governorates of Menoufia, Sharkeya, Assiut, and Sohag increased access to improved sanitation and sewerage services. Negative measures include: air pollution, water pollution, noise pollution, waste management, soil erosion, ecology, and natural habitat. Mitigation measures include: a) ensure that air emissions of construction of machinery within legal standards; b) controlling noise exposure of workers by adjusting working hours and using ear muffs; c) the contractor should assign at least one worker, or guard, on duty at the construction site overnight, to help people access the paths and bridges, and to respond to any falls or accidents; and d) during excavation in sandy soils, which will lead to dense dust emissions, the soil should be sprayed with water. Excavated soil stockpiles and stored sand should be located in sheltered areas. Stored fine sand should be covered with appropriate covering material, such as polyethylene or textile sheets to avoid soil dispersion. The transportation of excavation or construction waste should be done through licensed and sufficiently equipped vehicles with a suitable special box or with a cover to prevent loose particles of waste and debris from escaping into the air or dropping on the road. | ||
| BM040 | 2011 | Egypt, Arab Republic of - Second Integrated Sanitation and Sewerage Infrastructure Project : environmental assessment (Vol. 8) : Framework for the environmental and social impact assessment framework (ESIAF) : Delta governorates | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/952931468236072343/Framework-for-the-environmental-and-social-impact-assessment-framework-ESIAF-Delta-governorates | BM | The objective of the Second Integrated Sanitation and Sewerage Infrastructure Project for Egypt, Arab Republic of is to provide the targeted population in the governorates of Menoufia, Sharkeya, Assiut, and Sohag increased access to improved sanitation and sewerage services. Negative measures include: air pollution, water pollution, noise pollution, waste management, soil erosion, ecology, and natural habitat. Mitigation measures include: a) ensure that air emissions of construction of machinery within legal standards; b) controlling noise exposure of workers by adjusting working hours and using ear muffs; c) the contractor should assign at least one worker, or guard, on duty at the construction site overnight, to help people access the paths and bridges, and to respond to any falls or accidents; and d) during excavation in sandy soils, which will lead to dense dust emissions, the soil should be sprayed with water. Excavated soil stockpiles and stored sand should be located in sheltered areas. Stored fine sand should be covered with appropriate covering material, such as polyethylene or textile sheets to avoid soil dispersion. The transportation of excavation or construction waste should be done through licensed and sufficiently equipped vehicles with a suitable special box or with a cover to prevent loose particles of waste and debris from escaping into the air or dropping on the road. | ||
| BM041 | 2011 | Sri Lanka - Eco-Systems Conservation and Management Project | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/657011468334290853/Sri-Lanka-Eco-Systems-Conservation-and-Management-Project | BM | NA | ||
| BM042 | 2011 | Sri Lanka - Eco-Systems Conservation And Management Project (ESCAMP) | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/408381468103456464/Sri-Lanka-Eco-Systems-Conservation-And-Management-Project-ESCAMP | BM | NA | ||
| BM043 | Fitzpatrick, Lisa | 2011 | Defying extinction : partnership to safeguard global diversity | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/600921468331035202/Defying-extinction-partnership-to-safeguard-global-diversity | BM | Biodiversity is more than just the number of animal and plant species in the world. Biodiversity is who we are, what we eat, where we live, what we do and, most importantly, how all of these things come together to form a whole. The preoccupations of our daily lives often blind us to the dangers threatening fragile ecosystems around the globe. But we ignore these threats at our peril, for we are all connected to the many facets of the planet’s diverse ecosystems. Biodiversity is the fabric that binds us all together, allowing healthy environments to flourish, economies to develop, and humanity to grow and prosper. Whether it realizes it or not, the story of biodiversity is our story. This publication highlights some of the most threatened pieces of the fabric of biodiversity, specifically individual species at risk. Through stories of the Global Environment Facility’s (GEF’s) efforts to preserve diversity across the globe, from Romania’s Maramures nature park to the Paraguayan Wildlands, this book illustrates how far we have come, the successes we have enjoyed – and highlights what will be required of us in the future. In addition to longer-term projects and programs, the GEF has also shown its prowess for action and rapid response to urgent biodiversity needs through its Short-Term Response Measure (STRM) projects. With this new replenishment, the GEF will seize the opportunity to strengthen its efforts and expand its resources. | |
| BM044 | Frederic Giovannetti, Consultant, France / Tonki; ; ; R. J. Burnside International Limited / Dilon Con | 2010 | Uganda - Private Power Generation Project : social and environmental assessment (Vol. 11) : Kalagala offset sustainable management plan (201 0-2019) | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/774671468108872355/Kalagala-offset-sustainable-management-plan-201-0-2019 | BM | The primary objective of the Private Power Generation Project for Uganda is to increase thermal power generation in order to minimize increased load shedding and economic disruption over the a short to medium term period, in a sustainable and affordable manner. The social and environmental assessment (EA) document evaluates the Bujagali Interconnection project, sponsored by the Uganda Electricity Transmission Company Ltd. (UETCL), and the Bujagali Hydropower Project (HPP), sponsored by the Bujagali Energy Ltd. (BEL). Both UETCL and BEL are committed to executing their respective responsibilities in an environmentally responsible manner and in compliance with all applicable environmental laws, regulation and guidelines, and the Bank's environmental safeguards operational directives. This EA document evaluated impacts and suggests mitigation measures in the following areas : resettlement and land compensation; degradation of vegetation, hydrology, drainage, wetlands and wild life, bird flight paths in particular large wetland bird species; surface water contamination; air quality and noise pollution; access roads and vehicular traffic congestion; ecotourism and recreation in managed and protected areas; cultural and archeological sites; risks to community, health, safety and security. The EA recommends an ecological survey to be undertaken by UETCL to monitor post construction impacts. | |
| BM045 | Frederic Giovannetti, Consultant, France / Tonki; ; ; R. J. Burnside International Limited / Dilon Con | 2010 | Uganda - Private Power Generation Project : social and environmental assessment (Vol. 13) : The Kalagala-Itanda eco-tourism development plan (2010-2019) : appendix one | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/611151468109740770/The-Kalagala-Itanda-eco-tourism-development-plan-2010-2019-appendix-one | BM | The primary objective of the Private Power Generation Project for Uganda is to increase thermal power generation in order to minimize increased load shedding and economic disruption over the a short to medium term period, in a sustainable and affordable manner. The social and environmental assessment (EA) document evaluates the Bujagali Interconnection project, sponsored by the Uganda Electricity Transmission Company Ltd. (UETCL), and the Bujagali Hydropower Project (HPP), sponsored by the Bujagali Energy Ltd. (BEL). Both UETCL and BEL are committed to executing their respective responsibilities in an environmentally responsible manner and in compliance with all applicable environmental laws, regulation and guidelines, and the Bank's environmental safeguards operational directives. This EA document evaluated impacts and suggests mitigation measures in the following areas : resettlement and land compensation; degradation of vegetation, hydrology, drainage, wetlands and wild life, bird flight paths in particular large wetland bird species; surface water contamination; air quality and noise pollution; access roads and vehicular traffic congestion; ecotourism and recreation in managed and protected areas; cultural and archeological sites; risks to community, health, safety and security. The EA recommends an ecological survey to be undertaken by UETCL to monitor post construction impacts. | |
| BM046 | 2010 | Sri Lanka - Road Sector Assistance Project : second additional financing - environmental assessment (Vol. 2) : Environmental assessment report : Kanthale to Trincomalee road section | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/863611468307191045/Environmental-assessment-report-Kanthale-to-Trincomalee-road-section | BM | The objective of the Second Additional Financing for the Road Sector Assistance Project for Sri Lanka is to identify and to develop mitigation plan to ensure that all communities are benefited without any discrimination through identifying all kinds of adverse impacts of the project area, its influence on the community during and after the construction of roads. Negative impacts include: debris, impact on water and vegetation, soil erosion, wastewater and waste oil, dust, drainage, air pollution, emission from construction vehicles, vibration, loss or damage to trees and vegetation, traffic, and accident. Mitigation measures include: 1) all reasonable precautions will be taken to prevent danger of the workers and the public from accidents such as fire, explosions, blasts, falling rocks, falling to excavated pits, chemical sprays, unsafe power supply lines etc.; 2) the manual of traffic control devices of Road Development Authority (RDA) should be followed during construction period in order to ensure the safety and traffic control; 3) all works shall be carried out in such a manner that the destruction or disruption to the fauna and their habitats is minimum, and construction workers shall be instructed to protect fauna including wild animals and aquatic life as well as their habitats. Hunting, pouching and unauthorized fishing by project workers is not allowed; 4) all works shall be carried out in a manner that the destruction to the flora and their habitats is minimized. Trees and vegetation shall be felled/removed only if that impinges directly on the permanent works or necessary temporary works. In all such cases contractor shall take prior approval from the engineer; 5) contractor shall take appropriate action to ensure that construction works do not result in damage to adjacent properties due to vibration; 6) all machinery and equipment should be well maintained and fitted with noise reduction devices in accordance with manufacturer's instructions; 7) all vehicles, equipment and machinery used for construction shall be regularly serviced and well maintained to ensure that emission levels comply with the relevant standards; 8) the contractor will minimize wastage of water in the construction process/operations by reusing water as much as possible, utilizing only the required amount of water for the construction works etc.; and 9) the contractor should avoid, where possible and take suitable action to prevent dirt and mud being carried to the highways (particularly following wet weather), and the contractor should enforce vehicle speed limits to minimize dust generation. | ||
| BM047 | 2010 | Uganda - Transforming Settlements of the Urban Poor in Uganda (TSUPU) : a secondary cities support programme : a partnership between cities alliance and the government of Uganda | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/515121468340834519/Uganda-Transforming-Settlements-of-the-Urban-Poor-in-Uganda-TSUPU-a-secondary-cities-support-programme-a-partnership-between-cities-alliance-and-the-government-of-Uganda | BM | This report describes theTransforming Settlements of the Urban Poor in Uganda. A Secondary Cities Support Program (TSUPU), is the first national initiative within the Cities Alliance's global programme, Land, Services and Citizenship for the Urban Poor (LSC). The first premise of the Medium Term Strategy is that the Cities Alliance should prioritise working with those governments already committed to change and reform over time for three main reasons: the Cities Alliance support will have a far greater impact, and the opportunities for learning and knowledge sharing will be greatly enhanced, and the model or example to other cities or countries will be more emphatic. Based on this, a program has been designed to support a selected group of developing countries who have recognized the importance of dealing with the challenge of rapid urbanisation, growing cities and deepening urban poverty. The report outlines the activities the TSUPU has designed, that will help the Ugandan government to identify and capture the positive elements of urbanisation, and create inclusive cities without slums in order to maximise the potential of urbanisation by proactively managing urban growth. | ||
| BM048 | 2009 | Announcement of World Bank and Global Environment Facility Support Ecosystem Development in the Tien Shan Region on November 3, 2009 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/534071635865708110/Announcement-of-World-Bank-and-Global-Environment-Facility-Support-Ecosystem-Development-in-the-Tien-Shan-Region-on-November-3-2009 | BM | This press release announces that the World Bank’s Board of Executive Directors on November 3, 2009, approved three million thirty-five hundred thousand US dollars global environment facility grant to Kazakhstan and the Kyrgyz Republic to support management of protected areas and sustainable ecosystem development of the Tien Shan region of the two countries. | ||
| BM049 | 2009 | Civic engagement in procurement : a review of eight international case studies | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/900321468041934999/Civic-engagement-in-procurement-a-review-of-eight-international-case-studies | BM | Procurement monitoring is a relatively new field for civic engagement. This paper is a collection of eight selected cases studies which aim to provide examples of practices that have emerged globally in recent years. The objective is not to offer 'blueprints' or ready-made solutions to the challenge of civic monitoring, but rather to highlight some of the broader complexities underpinning the successful development of new approaches. The cases studies are designed to explore how different mechanisms of civic engagement are forged within specific social and political contexts, and, more importantly, how the nature of such engagement changes over time. In particular, the studies focus on understanding the driving forces behind the process as it evolved the impact of the intervention, and the potential for replication at greater scale. While each case study can be viewed as a 'standalone' example, it is also important to emphasize the value of the collection in terms of developing the discussion of common principles of civic engagement in procurement. | ||
| BM050 | 2009 | Bosnia and Herzegovina - Forests and Mountain Protected Areas Project : procurement plan | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/598781468200351492/Bosnia-and-Herzegovina-Forests-and-Mountain-Protected-Areas-Project-procurement-plan | BM | NA | ||
| BM051 | Dikhanov, Yuri | 2009 | Efficiency of the core product list in international comparisons : paper for session three | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/443371468150300666/Efficiency-of-the-core-product-list-in-international-comparisons-paper-for-session-three | BM | After the successful completion of the 2005 round of the ICP Asia Pacific, the regional comparison is due to be fully updated in 2011, along with the upcoming global exercise. However, there exists considerable demand for the compilation of PPPs and real GDP aggregates on an annual basis for analytical purposes. Extrapolation to non-benchmark years of the PPP-based indicators is usually done with national growth rates and deflators. Yet, as the history of ICP has shown, such an updating usually results in aggregates that are not consistent with benchmark estimates. The main reason for this inconsistency is national growth rates being estimated using national price structures, and, strictly speaking, being not quite comparable internationally. It turns out to be possible to significantly reduce a product list and still obtain reasonably robust results in international comparisons. Another advantage of using a subset of the 2005 product list in the 2009 Asian Update is the possibility of direct comparison between 2005 and 2009, which can be used to test consistency of CPI data across countries. A similar exercise is currently underway in Africa. If the experience with those updates turns out to be positive that may lead to a relatively inexpensive annual ICP updates that would strengthen robustness of PPPs between major benchmarks while simultaneously contributing to statistical capacity building in developing countries. | |
| BM052 | 2009 | Nigeria - Scaling up Sustainable Land Management Practice, Knowledge, and Coordination Project : environmental assessment (Vol. 3) : Environmental impact assessment and management plan | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/988351468098986094/Environmental-impact-assessment-and-management-plan | BM | The objective of the Scaling up Sustainable Land Management Practice, Knowledge, and Coordination Project for Nigeria is to increase the incomes of users of rural land and water resources on a sustainable basis. Negative impacts include: contaminated water by chemical pesticides and fertilizers; soil degradation due to salinisation or alkalization, etc; loss of wildlife, vegetation, and cultivated land; use of foreign equipment/materials may hinder maintenance of pumps/wells; destruction of vegetation in and near roadways; destruction of wildlife habitat; acceleration of soil erosion due to poor maintenance and drainage of roads; and noise and possible accidents during road construction. Mitigation measures include: 1) employ suitable prevention and mitigation measures, including education of local population (e.g. good drainage around water supply points); 2) include downstream water users (e.g. water supply, irrigation, livestock watering) in planning of water storage reservoirs; 3) identify proper mechanism of rights and responsibilities over well/pump/reservoir usage through participatory village focus groups; 4) avoid infringing on protected areas, critical habitats or areas with significant biodiversity (e.g. wetlands) and avoid areas of soil, slope or geological instability; 5) use appropriate design and construction techniques as timing (e.g. surface drainage controls, selection and use of construction materials, build during dry season, etc.); 6) construction and repair of roads are performed using local materials/materials accessible in local market in order to ensure adequate/sustainable maintenance of roads and infrastructure; and 7) community decision making in selection sites for construction in order to avoid encroachment upon productive land. | ||
| BM053 | Dikhanov, Yuri | 2009 | Efficiency of the core product list in international comparisons : paper for session two | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/652231468338518308/Efficiency-of-the-core-product-list-in-international-comparisons-paper-for-session-two | BM | After the successful completion of the 2005 round of the ICP Asia Pacific, the regional comparison is due to be fully updated in 2011, along with the upcoming global exercise. However, there exists considerable demand for the compilation of PPPs and real GDP aggregates on an annual basis for analytical purposes. Extrapolation to non-benchmark years of the PPP-based indicators is usually done with national growth rates and deflators. Yet, as the history of ICP has shown, such an updating usually results in aggregates that are not consistent with benchmark estimates. The main reason for this inconsistency is national growth rates being estimated using national price structures, and, strictly speaking, being not quite comparable internationally. It turns out to be possible to significantly reduce a product list and still obtain reasonably robust results in international comparisons. Another advantage of using a subset of the 2005 product list in the 2009 Asian Update is the possibility of direct comparison between 2005 and 2009, which can be used to test consistency of CPI data across countries. A similar exercise is currently underway in Africa. If the experience with those updates turns out to be positive that may lead to a relatively inexpensive annual ICP updates that would strengthen robustness of PPPs between major benchmarks while simultaneously contributing to statistical capacity building in developing countries. | |
| BM054 | 2009 | Sri Lanka - Sustainable Tourism Development Project : environmental assessment : Social management framework (SMF) | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/786731468334256860/Social-management-framework-SMF | BM | The development objective of the Sustainable Tourism Development Project for Sri Lanka is to create conditions for sustainable (community, cultural, and environmentally centered) tourism development. This entails supporting systemic changes in the institutional and regulatory framework for tourism at the center and in particular, at local government level. Negative impacts include: i) pollution due to poor or inadequate facilities to dispose solid waste, waste water, and sewerage; ii) unsustainable levels of water extraction from surface as well as ground water; iii) damage to both marine and terrestrial wildlife habitats and wildlife it self due to over visitation; iv) shore line erosion due to boats transporting tourists; v) overuse of forest trails by tourists; vi) excessive littering at tourism destinations, especially non degradable waste; vii) use of unsustainable energy sources leading to pollution; and viii) blockage of access or view of public recreation areas such as beaches. Mitigation measures include: 1) implementing a solid waste management programme including organic waste recycling, composting etc.; 2) recycling of waste water, establishing treatment plants for sewerage; 3) implementing water conservation and recycling measures to minimize the extraction; 4) creating awareness among the tourists about the impacts that they may have on the ecology of the area and how they should behave in order to minimise those impacts; 5) establishing speed limits for boats with outboard motors and strict enforcement; 6) use of electrically powered boats or non mechanized boats wherever possible to minimize damage to shore lines as well as to reduce noise pollution; 7) identify areas where soil compaction can have an impact in vegetation along the trail and build elevated platforms in these areas to prevent visitors from walking on the ground; 8) ensure that tourism development activities does not utilize local resources in an unsustainable manner; 9) work with local government to implement solid waste management plans for tourism destinations; 10) follow best practice guidelines in the design, planning and construction of buildings and associated infrastructure to reduce energy requirements for lighting, cooling, and heating; and 11) ensure effluent release to the environment are properly treated before being released. | ||
| BM055 | 2009 | Cambodia economic watch | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/226761468227102872/Cambodia-economic-watch | BM | With the aim of providing a broad-based economic analysis to policy makers and stakeholders, the Economic Institute of Cambodia (EIC) has great pleasure in presenting the latest issue of 'Cambodia economic watch'. This EIC series of publications not only serves as a policy-oriented research paper, but also as a reference for all readers who wish to gain a snapshot of the Cambodian economy or monitor its development. As in previous issues, this edition presents the latest economic performance and prospects based on the analysis of current data from many reliable sources. It takes an in-depth look at the trends of the main economic indicators and the progress of reform policies. It also highlights the urgent measures that need to be taken to address any of the problems encountered. In brief, the global crisis seems to show its severe impact on Cambodia since the last quarter of 2008. Thus, Cambodia's economic growth rate slowed significantly in 2008 due to slower growth of garment industry, construction sector and tourism. These trends are likely to carry over 2009, and thus a lower economic growth rate is also expected accordantly. | ||
| BM056 | 2008 | Cambodia - Economic watch | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/391161468229170497/Cambodia-Economic-watch | BM | Besides the fourth consecutive year of double digit economic growth realized in 2007, data from 2005 to 2007 also showed a successive decline in the rate of economic growth in Cambodia from 13.3 percent in 2005 to 10.2 percent in 2007.Available data for the first nine months of 2008 and current local and global economic trends suggest that Cambodia's economic growth is likely to continue to slow significantly in 2008. Cambodia's two main economic growth-supporting industries, garments and construction, are continuing their downward trend in 2008. External factors, such as fears of a recession in the US and the anticipated end of safeguarding measures, which were imposed by the US and EU against Chinese exports, are adversely affecting the growth of Cambodia's garment industry. Residential construction growth is expected to slow to a negative rate in 2008 and spark bubble risks, given drops in prices expected for residential construction and land, and housing loan credit restrictions. In the meantime, the number of foreign tourist arrivals in Cambodia is continuing to increase steadily, but at a slightly slower pace because of the global economic slowdown as well as current dispute along Thai and Cambodian border. The financial sector is still booming. And, the agricultural sector remains strong thanks to optimal weather conditions and expanding markets for agro-products. Still, investment in agro-industry has remained slim in 2008. In combination with soaring prices for imported raw materials and consumer goods during the year, Cambodia is expected to enjoy only moderate economic growth of 7 percent in 2008, 3.2 percent-point lower than that of 2007. The downward trend is likely to carry over to 2009, when the economic growth rate is expected to slow to about 6 percent. The anticipated launch of a Cambodia Stock Exchange Market and exploitation of the extractive industries such as oil and gas continue to attract attention and draw big investors to Cambodia. Cambodia's economic growth could be speeded up if significant progress is made in critical reforms. These reforms, together with effective anti-corruption policies, would improve the economic and investment environment and potentially spur even higher economic growth. | ||
| BM057 | 2008 | Mexico - Environmental Sustainability Development Policy Loan | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/790131468279546163/Mexico-Environmental-Sustainability-Development-Policy-Loan | BM | The Environmental Sustainability Development Policy Loan (DPL) supports the Government of Mexico's medium-term, outcome-based program to promote sustainable development. The overarching objective of the DPL operation is to balance socio-economic development with environmental protection and improvement. The operation will complement actions supported by the recently approved climate change DPL and will further pursue the general objectives of a previous Environment DPL Program, by integrating environmental concerns in the sectoral policies and programs of key development sectors: tourism, energy, forestry, water, agriculture, and housing as prioritized by the government of Mexico (GOM). The original Environment DPL Program supported environmental mainstreaming in four of these sectors (tourism, energy, forestry, and water); the other two (agriculture and housing) have been included at the GOM's request. Macroeconomic risks are associated with effects on the Mexican economy of: (i) a sharper slowdown of the US (and global) economy, decelerating growth of non-oil exports and reducing the flow of workers' remittances, (ii) higher levels of international commodity and food prices leading to further pressures on domestic inflation, (iii) increased uncertainty with respect to credit conditions for the access of emerging markets to the international capital markets, and (iv) declining oil production. However, several factors are in place to reduce these risks, including: a healthy financial system that has begun to expand domestic credit as a share of GDP; more dynamism in exports to non-US destinations; favorable terms of trade with high oil prices; and the further consolidation of prudent macroeconomic policies in both the fiscal and monetary realms. | ||
| BM058 | 2008 | Lao PDR - Nam Theun 2 (NT2) Hydroelectric Project : update | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/978211468299171787/Lao-PDR-Nam-Theun-2-NT2-Hydroelectric-Project-update | BM | This annual Update builds on the last semi-annual Update (December 4, 2007) and the Interim Progress Report (February 29, 2008) on the Nam Theun 2 Project (NT2) circulated to the Executive Directors of the World Bank (WB) and the Asian Development Bank (ADB). It is the third annual Update since project implementation began in June 2005. The Update is based on the findings and assessment of a recent joint management mission of the International Financial Institutions (IFIs) supporting the project and reflects recent developments. The report finds that the overall economic outlook in Lao PDR remains favorable, although rising inflation due to higher prices for fuel and food is a risk to be watched. GDP growth remained above seven percent in 2007 and progress of public financial management reform has been impressive. The update points out that development partners established the WB administered Multi-Donor Trust Fund (MDTF) in June 2008 to support PFMSP implementation and implementation of the NT2 Revenue Management arrangements has further advanced. In addition to progress on physical aspects of the NT2 project being impressive and civil works nearing completion, the document stresses that a significant recent development is the start of reservoir impoundment on April 11, 2008. It concludes that the recent IFI mission observed that project performance during the past six months has surpassed previous levels. | ||
| BM059 | 2008 | Cambodia economic watch | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/213411468225287589/Cambodia-economic-watch | BM | In 2007, Cambodia once again realized another double digit economic growth rate of 10.1 percent, after achieving 10.8 percent in 2006 and 13.3 percent in 2005. This growth was mainly boosted by tourism, garment exports and agro-business. With a moderate increase of 5.3 percent, the construction sector seems to be no longer the engine of growth in 2007, according to a preliminary estimation of the National Institute of Statistics (NIS). Together with high economic growth, inflation rate has jumped back to a peak level of about 10.8 percent in 2007, up from 2.8 percent in 2006. The inflation figure for 2007 was boosted mainly by the 20 percent increase in food prices and the 13 percent increase in transportation and communication costs. The dramatic increase of money supply (plus 63 percent) was another factor contributing to high inflation. For 2008, the Economic Institute of Cambodia (EIC) foresees that the tourism, garment and agro-business sectors will continue to expand steadily, while the construction sector will be on the downward trend. As a result, GDP growth will be more moderate, at 7 percent, and inflation rate will remain relatively high at 8 percent. | ||
| BM060 | 2008 | Mexico - First Programmatic Environment Structural Adjustment Loan Project and Second Programmatic Environment Development Policy Loan Project | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/620021468286248467/Mexico-First-Programmatic-Environment-Structural-Adjustment-Loan-Project-and-Second-Programmatic-Environment-Development-Policy-Loan-Project | BM | Ratings for the First Programmatic Environment Structural Adjustment Loan Project and Second Programmatic Environment Development Policy Loan (DPL) Project for Mexico were as follows: outcomes were satisfactory, the risk to development outcome was low, the Bank performance was satisfactory, and the Borrower performance was also satisfactory. Some lessons learned included: to ensure intersectoral coordination, a champion is imperative. To ensure that interinstitutional coordination efforts are sustained throughout program implementation and beyond, it is essential that an entity take a leading role in overseeing these efforts, particularly as participating entities undergo an initial learning process and define their functions within intersectoral working groups. Finance Secretariat (SHCP) and Environment and Natural Resources Secretariat (SEMARNAT) assumed this coordinating role, helping to ensure the success of the Program's coordination efforts. A relevant set of monitorable and meaningful outcome indicators should be established at the outset of a program, along with clearly-defined baseline and target values to monitor progress and evaluate outcomes. Some of the indicators established for the Environment DPL Program were overly complex and ambitious. Further, although target values were defined during the course of program implementation, the lack of a definition of baseline and target values at the outset made it more difficult to assess the program's overall progress during implementation. | ||
| BM061 | Zambia | 2006 | Zambia - Road Rehabilitation and Maintenance Project : environmental assessment (Vol. 8) : Assessment and engineering design of damaged and washed away crossings : consultancy design report | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/527051468168865871/Assessment-and-engineering-design-of-damaged-and-washed-away-crossings-consultancy-design-report | BM | This is an environmental assessment for the Road Rehabilitation and Maintenance Project for Zambia. It reports that, generally, the anticipated environmental impacts will not be highly significant considering that the proposed works will follow existing alignments. Nevertheless, certain limitations will be posed on both the biophysical and socio-economic components of the existing environment, the most notable ones identified being impacts on local communities, impacts on human health and safety, and impacts on vegetation resources. Specifically these impacts are noise from the use of heavy machinery and equipment, dust, social ills such as an increased incidence of HIV/AIDS and other communicable diseases, traffic accidents, vegetation clearing and loss in areas used for dumping or disposing of construction material and waste-which can be minimized by using old diversion routes and dump sites, ecological disequilibrium including loss of high quality timber and the wildlife species for which forest resources are a critical habitat. To alleviate the effects from these anticipated impacts, conduct a comprehensive health awareness campaign on the dangers of contracting and spreading STDs and HIV/AIDS; screen workers and provide them free treatment and condoms; improve pedestrian walkways and cyclist paths,; provide speed limit signs and other signage, build humps to reduce speed, and enforce speed limits; divert traffic, lock school gats to prevent students from leaving school premises, and regularly monitor construction activities; and avoid extracting gravel from sites, limit the area of clearance, and rehabilitate all material extraction sites after use. | |
| BM062 | 2006 | China - GEF-Ningbo Water and Environment Project | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/997521468214498292/China-GEF-Ningbo-Water-and-Environment-Project | BM | NA | ||
| BM063 | South China Institute of Environmental Sciences,; Wetlands International / EDAW | 2006 | China - Ningbo Water Management (GEF) Project : environmental assessment | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/465331468212992735/China-Ningbo-Water-Management-GEF-Project-environmental-assessment | BM | The Ningbo Water Management Project seeks to reduce land-based pollution along the Cixi coast and the East China Sea, promote the replication of innovative, low cost wastewater treatment techniques, and encourage coastal zone conservation. To this end, this environmental assessment examines the current conservation value of, and assesses the potential conservation opportunities for wetlands on the southern coast of the Hangzhou Bay, focusing on the western part of the designated study area. The expansion of human population has led to strong demand for space in the area, formerly consisting of extensive mud flats and coastal wetlands, and consistently reclaimed for over thousands of years. This reclamation has been hugely successful in providing productive land for agriculture, and excellent conditions for industry. However, it had its cost - causing the disappearance of tidal flats, with extensive loss of coastal marine habitats, and species. The predominant vegetation consists of emergent plants and scrub vegetation, delivering mainly cash crops, such as cotton. The study proposes the establishment of an environmental education and research center, and a separate Field Laboratory as an integrated plan, and provides as well indicative designs on the proposed conservation areas, with careful attention to the interactions between wildlife and human behavior to minimize disturbance, while optimizing experiences. The report suggests two alternatives for designation of the wetland area, and a concept design of the proposed environmental education and research center, to be closely linked to maximize conservation, and enhance wildlife value, intended to influence coastal land use policies and practices. | |
| BM064 | 2004 | Transcript of oral history interview with Gloria Davis held on June 28 and 29, 2004 | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/576181468337293562/Transcript-of-oral-history-interview-with-Gloria-Davis-held-on-June-28-and-29-2004 | BM | On June 28 and 29, 2004, Gloria Davis was interviewed on behalf of the World Bank Group Archives oral history program by Marie T. Zenni. During her tenure at the Bank from 1978 to 2004, Mrs. Davis worked in the following areas: in the Indonesia transmigration and land settlement program as an anthropologist (1978-1982); in the East Asia and Pacific (EAP) region as a senior operations officer for the agriculture division (1984-1986) and as a senior loan officer in the Indonesia division (1986-1987); in the Asia technical department, environment division, as division chief (1987-1993); in the environment department as division chief of social policy and resettlement (1993-1997); and in the social development department as director (1997-2000). She remained at the World Bank as a consultant through 2004. As director of social development, she tried every six months to have instructional courses on the World Bank and its project cycle, because she felt that, as social scientists, her department was being isolated from the real activity of the World Bank. Her transcript concerns how institutions slowly evolve, change, and recognize basic paradigm shifts and adapt to them. She discusses observing the World Bank, watching and waiting to see what the sort of fundamental transformation of the global economy will really mean for the role of the World Bank in the future. | ||
| BM065 | 2004 | Mexico - First Programmatic Environment Structural Adjustment Loan | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/105661468774642171/Mexico-First-Programmatic-Environment-Structural-Adjustment-Loan | BM | The ratings for the First Programmatic Environment Structural Adjustment Loan for Mexico were as follows: the outcome was satisfactory, the sustainability was likely, the institutional development impact was substantial, and the Bank and borrower performance were both satisfactory. The findings and implications indicate that on one hand, the experience from Programmatic Environment Structural Adjustment Loan (EnvSAL I) shows that inter-institutional coordination is a complex process which requires substantial efforts and sustainable commitments on the part of participating entities. Reaching such commitments is both difficult and time consuming. On the other hand, this same experience shows that where inter-institutional coordination was successful, it led to enhancements in the quality of outputs. The problems experienced with inter-institutional coordination as described in earlier sections of this report, stemmed broadly from institutions going through a process of learning on how best to conduct and gain from such a process of coordination linked to the EnvSAL program. | ||
| BM066 | 2004 | India - Kerala Forestry Project | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/752751468752724550/India-Kerala-Forestry-Project | BM | Project ratings are as follows: Project outcome is satisfactory, sustainability is likely, institutional development impact is substantial, Bank performance is satisfactory, and Borrower performance is satisfactory. These are some key lessons learned: 1) A project management cell with competent and long-term staff, as was the case with KFP, is a fundamental element in achieving successful outcomes for a project. 2) A holistic approach to forestry sector development that links various elements within the sector provides a realistic and effective approach to achieving development. 3) Site-specific, bottom up planning provides not only a more realistic approach to forest and plantation management, but also engenders a greater sense of involvement and responsibility amongst divisional and field staff. 4) A four years' project is too short a time frame for forestry. Though the project was appraised as two-stage project for four and five years' period, only first stage was approved leaving a follow up operation uncertain as proved later. 5) Projects must be given sufficient time for completion, especially those in forestry that have well known and inherent start-up problems. 6) Early and transparent agreements on policy reforms and the immediate establishment of institutional strengthening are key to underpinning successful project implementation and sustainability. 7) Community participation, if established on a sustainable basis with adequate and equitably distributed benefits is a highly effective and efficient means of ensuring protection of natural forests from fire and biotic influences, and managing fragile ecosystems. 8) The establishment of well-managed community institutions creates empowerment for the community and develops self-help groups that can attract other development support from external partners. 9) The conflict between wildlife and farmers needs to be addressed: effective conservation of wildlife increases destruction of crops and property in lands adjacent to protected areas. 10) While initial progress has been made in promoting participatory approaches to biodiversity conservation, monitoring and sustainability should be given serious consideration in any similar future effort. | ||
| BM067 | 2004 | Panama - San Lorenzo Effective Protection with Community Participation : implemenation completion report : Panama - San Lorenzo Effective Protection with Community Participation Project | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/230571468780945214/Panama-San-Lorenzo-Effective-Protection-with-Community-Participation-Project | BM | The goals of the grant were to support the effective protection of the new San Lorenzo Protected Area in association with efforts to contribute to the long-term conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity in the Mesoamerican Biological Corridor in Panama. The report gives the current status of the project goals, which were to be achieved by: developing and executing a management plan with participation from national authorities, local communities and non-governmental organizations; by contributing to the establishment of an appropriate institutional framework for the management of the new protected area; establishing financial mechanisms to generate resources for the long-term financial viability of the new protected area; and developing an education and training program to increase local capacity to use and to support the sustainable management of natural resources in the project area. The report also give lessons learned on the importance of taking advantage of synergies and complementary efforts; the great benefits of using a larger umbrella project to support a small focused one, that gives much greater resonance to the impact of the small one; the focus on gender analysis with men, women and families, had a great liberating and cohesive community impact, in terms of human development, participation, motivation, self esteem, confidence, and social interaction; care taken in designing and thinking through methodologies of how to get results in community changes and action pays off; care taken in designing and thinking through methodologies of how to get results in community changes and action pays off; students and volunteers can make the paid team far more effective and do wonderful and surprising things; communication is vital, a website and an attractive book mean people take you seriously; Transition from military to civilian use with community participation; and transition from military to civilian use. | ||
| BM068 | 2004 | Organization of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS) - Protected Areas and Associated Livelihoods Project : resettlement plan : Organization of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS) - Protected Areas and Associated Livelihoods Project : resettlement plan | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/126521468290741012/Organization-of-Eastern-Caribbean-States-OECS-Protected-Areas-and-Associated-Livelihoods-Project-resettlement-plan | BM | The objective of the OECS - Organization of Eastern Caribbean States - Parks and Protected Area and Associated Livelihoods Project, is to contribute to the conservation of biodiversity of global importance in the OECS region, by removing barriers to effective management of protected areas, and increased involvement of civil society, and private sector in the planning, management and sustainable use of these areas. During project implementation there will be no involuntary physical displacement, or resettlement of persons from project selected protected areas. However, some livelihood activities could potentially be impacted due, for example, to the limiting of fishing areas through zoning, limiting fish catches, or restricting certain fishing, and agricultural practices in sensitive areas. This Process Framework outlines the criteria, and procedures that the project will follow to ensure that eligible, affected persons are assisted in their efforts to restore or improve their livelihoods in an integral, environmental process, fair, just, and in accordance with local laws, and consistent with the Bank's Policies on Involuntary Resettlement (OP 4.12) and Natural Habitats (OP 4.04). The project activities for mitigating potential, nonphysical displacement would target local low-income communities that neighbor and use natural resources. Following the objectives of the social assessment, activities should: carry out a stakeholder analysis, and, consultations with stakeholders; abide by the baseline socio-economic conditions, emphasizing natural resource use issues; evaluate social criteria for site pre-selection, and identify key issues for the human communities (both opportunities and potential conflicts or problems) to contribute to site specific action plans, to be developed under the project. The project's Component 2 - Protected Areas and Associated Alternative Livelihood Opportunities - includes facilitating and financing sustainable livelihood subprojects with communities living in and around the targeted PAs. In addition, Component 3 - Capacity Building for Conservation Planning and Management - will include technical assistance, and training opportunities supporting, and developing future, sustainable livelihood activities. | ||
| BM069 | Bhaopichitr, Kirida; ; ; Atsavasirilert, Wallada; ; ; Chockanapitaksa, Poonyanuch | 2003 | Thailand economic monitor | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/137131468133162634/Thailand-economic-monitor | BM | Thailand's growth jumped to 5.2 percent in 2002, the highest since 1997. Domestic demand, especially private consumption, and exports contributed most to this growth. Policies to stimulate private consumption and investment, including a supportive fiscal and monetary policy, as well as some progress in corporate and financial restructuring raised domestic demand. The targeting of new export markets, including China, also raised export earnings by more than 5 percent. Successful macroeconomic adjustment continued to reduce external vulnerability. A current account surplus of more than US$ 7 billion boosted foreign exchange reserves to nearly US$ 39 billion in 2002. External debt was down to 47 percent of gross domestic product (GDP), nearly half the share in 1998, including private external debt, especially of short-term maturity. Thailand is relatively well placed to deal adequately with most external shocks, and this is reflected by the markets in a reduction in the interest-rate spread on Thai debt relative to countries like Malaysia and China. Growth in domestic demand contributed most to real GDP growth in 2002. The Government succeeded in promoting consumer confidence to an all time high and in stimulating private consumption, which grew by nearly 5 percent. Private investment grew for the fourth year and this time by more than 13 percent, even if from a very low share of GDP. This was in part because of a 36 percent growth in residential construction, promoted by tax incentives and bank credit. Gross inflows of foreign direct investment (FDI) fell in 2002, from relatively high levels in 2001, and it is not clear whether this is a blip or start of a trend, given the many factors at work. But given the importance of FDI in Thailand's future competitiveness and productivity, this needs to be watched carefully. | |
| BM070 | Coastal and Environmental Services (CES) | 2003 | South Africa - Greater Addo Elephant National Park Project : environmental assessment | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/694771468759861512/South-Africa-Greater-Addo-Elephant-National-Park-Project-environmental-assessment | BM | This environmental assessment (EA) aims at synthesizing existing socioeconomic, and biophysical information, to determine opportunities, and constraints presented by the environment as related to the implementation of the Greater Addo Elephant National Park Program Project, and, recommend ways to optimize opportunities and minimize constraints, as well as distributing relevant information, while highlighting the Bank safeguard policies. Within the country's environmental legal framework, and Bank environmental policies, the EA looks at the natural environment, i.e., biodiversity, freshwater, and marine environments, and, at the socioeconomic environment on the Eastern Cape, the largest of South Africa's nine provinces, and third largest in population. While the project offers a more sustainable, and economically viable form of land use for most of the planning domain than the current agricultural option, providing long-term security to the mix of biodiversity, and ecological processes, yet, a legitimate concern on the regional economy - i.e., the agricultural sector, particularly the dairy industry - and social aspects regarding the labor market, namely farm workers, foster the following mitigation measures. International, and national conservation standards should be met, in order to enhance eco-tourism as an economic tool that generates employment opportunities within the SANParks, Eastern Cape, and South Africa at large (Eco-tourism has limited costs to the environment, compared with intensive farming). It is highlighted that red data species should be preserved, and research opportunities enhanced, towards the protection of unknown medicinal plants. Within the ecological services to be provided, opportunities for social, and financial uplift of local communities will develop. To this end, a restructuring of the Addo Planning Forum is recommended to include a wider representation, and diversification of duties. A communication strategy has been designed to form the link with stakeholders, and enable communities' concerns to be taken into consideration. | |
| BM071 | Dava, Fernando; ; ; Ahmed, Zuber; ; ; Easton, Peter | 2002 | Managing natural resources along the Mozambican shoreline - the role of myths and rites | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/483981468287717969/Managing-natural-resources-along-the-Mozambican-shoreline-the-role-of-myths-and-rites | BM | Depletion of natural resources is a national issue, as well as a local one in Mozambique, where numerous communities depend for their survival, on the judicious exploitation of their physical environment. It is particularly felt along the country's extensive coastline, where harvesting sea resources - fish, mussels, and other forms of marine life - is both a source of protein, and of revenue. The note looks at how indigenous forms of management function, and how - if at all - can they be adapted to master new challenges to the natural resource base: population pressure and pollution. It describes the mussel farmers of Zimilene, a small village on the Indian Ocean, and its harvest-catch system, on how it ensures a source for resolving conflicts, and allotting usage rights, that are accepted right down to individual community members. The "rule of law", or the authority of the chiefs, regulate the mussel harvest, anchored in the firm belief that the "spirits" of the ancestors watch over the shoals. Such local system of myths, beliefs, and rites preserved the mussel shoals for generations, though under the pressures afoot in the country - poverty and population density - have pushed them to exploit mussel beds, inconsistently with their traditional management. The challenge is how to blend traditional systems of regulation, myth, and ritual, with an armature to build communal sharing, and a new culture of natural resource management. | |
| BM072 | Instituto Hondureno de Turismo | 2000 | Honduras - Sustainable Coastal Tourism Project : social assessment | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/345291468771050207/Honduras-Sustainable-Coastal-Tourism-Project-social-assessment | BM | This Social Assessment (SOA) evaluates potential socioeconomic adversity on local populations, as a result of the Sustainable Coastal Tourism Project implementation. It identifies the beneficiaries, and stakeholders, to determine possible negative impacts on their activities, and to minimize the social constraints thereof. Ethnic representation revealed a larger percentage of mestizo population, with only a thirty percent indigenous population; however, it also revealed strong ties among indigenous populations in the protected areas, between the control of natural resources, and their cultural heritage. Further review analyzed education, and health aspects, land ownership, labor trends, and land uses. Measures to minimize social adversity include: 1) interagency coordination to identify property titles, and settle land conflicts/disputes, with the support of the National Property Registration Institute, Municipalities, non governmental organizations (NGOs) and the Ministry of Tourism; 2) continued inter-cultural process of bilingual education, with the technical, and financial support of the Ministry of Education, including teacher training provision, and enhanced parental awareness; 3) coordination with the Ministry of Health, ethnic organizations, NGOs, and municipalities, to foster HIV/AIDS prevention, by researching migration patterns, and sexual behavior (within cultural parameters); and, 4) technical training for the development, and quality control of native, or indigenous products, and crafts, to diversify, and increase income earnings capacity. | |
| BM073 | 1998 | Rural development : from vision to action - focus countries at a glance | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/694331468753021134/Rural-development-from-vision-to-action-focus-countries-at-a-glance | BM | Focus Countries at a Glance represents an effort to track the performance of the rural sector overtime, in the selected countries, and provides readily accessible information to focus country officials, and Bank staff. The paper summarizes the focus per country, stipulating whether the goals are to achieve rapid agricultural growth, develop a common strategy for improving the rural economy, or, develop - with the International Finance Corporation - new ways of financing agribusiness, and implement reforms. Indicators to track performance have been selected for each of the key themes which are further described in the recent publication "Rural development, from Vision to Action": poverty reduction, growth, food security, and natural resources management. Data sources include the Bank's World Development Indicators, World Watch Institute's State of the World, and the Bank's Rural Development Department Livestock Sector Database. This paper will be updated on a regular basis. | ||
| BM074 | Harstad, Jarle [editor] | 1998 | Encouraging private sector involvement in GEF projects | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/883831468759294184/Encouraging-private-sector-involvement-in-GEF-projects | BM | Private companies must be involved in finding and carrying out solutions to global environmental problems. Otherwise, the technologies and approaches piloted by GEF (Global Environment Facility) projects will not be widely applied or sustained. Private capital flows to developing countries are not five times greater than official development assistance. Private enterprises produce goods and provide services needed to address global environmental and development challenges. At the same time, private businesses are often the source of significant greenhouse gas emissions and ozone depleting substances, pollution of international waters, and threats to conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity. Effectively engaging them in finding lasting solutions to these problems is essential. The Overall Performance Study recommended that GEF take actions to expand private investment and the participation of the private sector in GEF projects. The first generation of GEF projects provides lessons that offer some insights on opportunities and things to watch out for in this area. | |
| BM075 | Carrington,Timothy T.; Nelson,Mark; Park,Shinok | 1998 | Asia development forum dispatches | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/274371468218408727/Asia-development-forum-dispatches | BM | This ADF Dispatches brief includes the following headings: Don't reverse Globalization, Experts Say, Just Watch the Risks. Regional Ties Called Priority for Asia, Habito Sees Asian Crisis as 'Problem of People', an interview with Ronald I. McKinnon and Media Examines Its Role in Crisis and Recovery. They are for the proceedings held March 9-13, 1998 in Manila, Philippines. | |
| BM076 | Cullen,Timothy W. B.; Goto,Shihoko; Keynes; Rafferty, Kevin; Shen,Anna; Sopher,Jamil | 1998 | Bank's World | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/182921548342847496/Banks-World | BM | This Banks World newsletter includes some of the following headings: Bank & Uganda: the inside story; the long goodbye to NRS, by Kevin Rafferty; first class envelop ban stirs controversy, by BW reporter; EDI ready to teach the World by satellite, by Anna Shen; don't kid me that markets are efficient, by Keynes; to cut costs try innovation and creativity, by Jamil Sopher; 250 million children's at risk, by Kevin Rafferty; spare an e-mail for the Banks homeless artists, by Shihoko Goto; Mr. speedy goes to seoul, by BW reporter; the bank , the President and the pearl of Africa, by Tim Cullen; wolfensohn pledges 110 effort to repair trust, by BW reporter; awful offal flushed away, by Anna Shen; for 11 to 17and 18 to 30, read 1 to 5, by Kevin Rafferty. | |
| BM077 | Dowdeswell, Elizabeth; Ketema, Seyfu; Pinstrup Andersen,Per; ; Sayer,Jeffrey A. | 1997 | Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) news | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/395281468225293631/Consultative-Group-on-International-Agricultural-Research-CGIAR-news | BM | Biotechnology in the CGIAR. Progress in research on tropical forests - five years after Rio: an interview with Jeffrey A. Sayer (CIFOR). Editorial: get on a bus...how to alleviate poverty. Forum: attacking the root causes of instability, by Per Pinstrup-Andersen. Research highlights: centers declare victory over the Cassava Green Mite. Announcements. Letters. News: unsafe application of pesticides and dangerous old stocks. World's dryland farmers need new agricultural technology. Spotlight: Tef, by Seyfu Ketema. China modernizing grain transport. Internet: free internet link for NARS. Largest genetic resources database now on the internet. Agriculture fast facts. Forum: the importance of livestock. Feature: when you have a dairy cow.... Past & upcoming. Durum wheat x barley hybrid. Major organizations active in international forestry policy and research. Can high-inequality developing countries escape absolute poverty? News: biotechnology in developing countries. News: Egyptian farmers achieve one of the world's highest rice yields. News: watch the color, save fertilizer.... News: pearl millet boom in Brazil. Desertification, by Elizabeth Dowdeswell. | |
| BM078 | DHV Consultants BV; ; ; Consulting Engineering Servic | 1996 | Bangladesh - Third Road Rehabilitation and Maintenance Project : environmental impact assessment (Vol. 6) | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/490551468742183373/Bangladesh-Third-Road-Rehabilitation-and-Maintenance-Project-environmental-impact-assessment | BM | The Third Road Rehabilitation and Maintenance Projects aims to reduce the total cost of road transport on Bangladesh's most traveled roads. The project will consist of construction of the Nalka-Bonpara road, rehabilitation and improvement of the Dhaka-Sylhet road, and construction of several small but important bridges. During construction phase, soils and general waste matters will be handled and deposited safely. The project will create large waterbodies as a result of excavation of sand borrowpits. These borrowpits will become permanent lakes due to their depth and dimension. The lakes will be rehabilitated after construction. Few dozens of clay borrowpits will be created due to excavation for the cladding of the slopes. The topsoil from the clearing and grubbing will be used for this cladding. Air pollution will be controlled by collecting dust with cloth filters, or spraying water at construction sites. Transport equipment will be furnished with silent boxes to reduce noise. The road design includes large-scale plantation of the embankment with trees and bushes, which will reduce the lateral transmission of noise during operation. To mitigate the risk of floods, culverts are required to be provided for proper drainage. In places where erosion is to be expected, wind grasses will be planted. | |
| BM079 | Gustaf Lundin, Carl; Linden, Olof; | 1995 | Proceedings of the national workshop on integrated coastal zone management in the Seychelles | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/571491468304270730/Proceedings-of-the-national-workshop-on-integrated-coastal-zone-management-in-the-Seychelles | BM | Coastal zones are important issues in the international debate on the environment and sustainable development. The coastal zone in general consists of the interface between land and sea and in such an equation marine space and resources are as important as terrestrial ones. This means that small island developing states such as the Seychelles have a large coastal area to land mass ratio. As concisely as possible, this document reveals the status of all major and pressing issues revolving around the coastal zone and provides some suggestions on how to move forward. Firstly, the coastal zone of Seychelles is described and some parameters are presented to assist in a precise definition of the coastal zone. This chapter includes an overview of all the principal islands. Secondly, the major development opportunities and threats on the coastal zone of Mahe are outlined. These include tourism, commercial and manufacturing industries and ports. Fisheries and agriculture are presented in the chapter entitled natural resource use: threats and weaknesses. This chapter also outlines the use of geological resources such as sand. Since there are major threats to the integrity of the coastal zone, these are treated separately. These trends in environmental concern include biodiversity and the management of protected areas, coastal erosion, population and urban pressure and development on the outer islands. Climate change is a global worry and since a rising sea level and other phenomena associated with climate change could devastate the coastal zone; this issue is investigated in another chapter. Many projects impinging on the coastal zone are donor driven. Therefore, the status of these projects is examined. Management strengths and weaknesses are described with a view to promote Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM). The necessary for ICZM and constraints hindering integrated approaches treated. Finally, some recommendations are outlined to provide some vitally needed to build a foundation for ICZM in Seychelles. | |
| CIEM001 | https://doi.org/10.17895/ices.pub.22789475 | Tania Mendo, Marta Mega Rufino, Josefine Egekvis | 2023 | Workshop on small scale fisheries and geo-spatial data 2 (WKSSFGEO2) | CIEM | The aim of the Workshop on Small Scale Fisheries and Geo-Spatial Data 2 (WKSSFGEO2) was to continue the work developed during WKSSFGEO, namely on analysis of the high-resolution geo-spatial data in small-scale fisheries (SSF), as well as large-scale fisheries (LSF) taking into consideration low duration fishing events. During this workshop, an open database of examples of SSF across the EU, including a script to anonymize the data, was produced. The data set currently available has 9 full case studies from different countries, gears, geo-position recordings and temporal intervals, is fully functional and openly available on ICES github. Various methods to infer fishing activities were compared, and the main issues and recommendations were discussed. Testing of the effect of temporal resolution in the data using the example data base was initiated but further work is required on this aspect. Based on preliminary analysis, it was concluded that a conservative approach of a ‘ping rate’ of 30 secs (to obtain a 1 min temporal interval) is recommended if a generalisation is to be made that is applicable in all Metiers and that can be used to estimate all EU Multiannual Programme for data collection variables. Based on available data sources (EU FDI, ICES VMS/Logbook Data Call, Global Fishing Watch AIS) an overview of small-scale fisheries (SSF) in EU Waters, visualized in figures, maps and tables was created. It was clear that it is difficult to directly compare data from the three available sources as each have different issues, e.g., different vessel length groups, covering fisheries from different countries and different legislation behind the data sources. Based on FDI data we can see that the passive gears are responsible for most fishing effort and that around ⅓ fishing effort from EU vessels in area 27 (North Atlantic) is from mobile bottom-contacting gears. In area 37 (Mediterranean and Black Sea) the proportion of fishing effort from mobile bottom-contacting gears is smaller. With regards to position data from the SSF, the VMS data can provide good coverage for vessels larger than 12 m, and the AIS could supplement for the smaller vessels, but the analysis comparing the fishing days by vessel length classes for the three data sources show that it is not a complete picture. The Global Fishing Watch data has shown another useful additional source which could be useful in future analysis. The resulting maps indicate significant gaps in data or data availability and a complete profile of SSF in EU cannot yet be produced with these data. WKSSFGEO2 discussed the opportunities, challenges and benefits for an EU-wide tracking system for small-scale fisheries vessels and this report provides a guidance document with various recommendations on ways forward. | |
| CIEM002 | https://doi.org/10.17895/ices.advice.24087489 | ICES | 2023 | EU request for a technical service to compile available data and methods to estimate fishing pressure from small scale fisheries under D1/D6 for the MSFD | CIEM | This Technical Service is in response to an EU request to explore the spatial and temporal distribution and intensity of fishing using bottom-contacting gears for vessels shorter than 12 m, with or without vessel monitoring systems (VMS), in EU waters. It is the first deliverable of the ICES response to a broader request for advice from DGENV to build upon the ICES 2021 advice (ICES, 2021a). Three different data sources were analysed: EU Fisheries Dependent Information (FDI) data, ICES VMS and logbook data, and automatic identification system (AIS) data from Global Fishing Watch (GFW) (ICES, 2023a). FDI data represent the most complete dataset in geographical (all EU waters) and temporal coverage. Fishing effort data show that vessels shorter than 12 m are predominant (Annex, Fig. 1 for Northeast Atlantic; Annex, Fig. 2 for Mediterranean and Black seas) and that most fishing effort across the reference period (2016–2021) was conducted using passive gears (Annex, Figs. 3 and 4). Mobile bottom-contacting gears (MBCG) represent one-third of the total fishing effort in the Northeast Atlantic (Annex, Fig. 3) and approximately one-sixth of the total in the Mediterranean and Black seas (Annex, Fig. 4). The spatial analysis of FDI data shows specific ICES areas and GSAs with higher representation of MBCG (Annex, Figs. 5 and 6). However, given the resolution of the current datasets (ICES statistical rectangles and GSA), it was not possible to produce a finer-scale analysis using VMS data that is compatible with the assessment framework developed for the previous ICES advice (ICES, 2021 (ICES, 2021a) Machine learning and statistical methods can be used to detect fishing activity from small-scale vessels. Random Forest methods proved to be very efficient in identifying fishing and non-fishing events. Other methodologies tested were Hidden Markov models (HMM) and neural networks (ICES, 2023a). | |
| FAO001 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cd1554en | FAO | 2024 | Forum on fisheries science in the Mediterranean and the Black Sea: Scaling up science for effective fisheries management | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/0f814fdf-51c9-4a29-aef0-36680beb81cc/full | FAO | This publication presents the outcomes and conclusions of the Forum on Fisheries Science in the Mediterranean and the Black Sea (Fish Forum 2024), including abstracts of keynote addresses, contributions and posters. Organized by the General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean, this event gathered scientists, fishers, stakeholders, researchers, engineers, academics, practitioners, managers and decision-makers from around the world to share knowledge on the latest developments and trends in fisheries science and discuss existing and emerging challenges as well as research priorities. The outcomes and abstracts are organized according to the three themes of Fish Forum 2024: better science for better advice; healthy seas and sustainable fisheries; and economic and technological innovation for resilient fisheries. The aim of this compilation is to provide insights to support decision-making processes and better advice in the region that will help shape the future of Mediterranean and Black Sea fisheries. |
| FAO002 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cd0054en | Welch, E.; Louafi, S.; De Donà, M.; Xuan Nguyen, A.; Raab, K.; | 2024 | Global science–policy interfaces related to agrifood systems: a desktop review of structures and common patterns | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/c3d56f5b-0c9a-4b7d-96a3-0c9effaf2843/full | FAO | This background paper to the guidance that FAO is developing on strengthening science–policy interfaces (SPIs) for agrifood systems at the national level sets provides information about the structures and patterns common to global SPIs. It aims to: 1) provide a broad overview and comparison of how international SPIs work, 2) identify a set of categories that are relevant to the work of SPIs, 3) present a systematic, comparative analysis based on publicly available data, 4) draw preliminary conclusions based on findings, and 5) suggest further avenues for study. The conceptual framework identifies three key components of SPIs that, operating together, have the potential to anticipate and respond to needs and demands for both policy and science. Governance comprises the formal and informal rules and procedures for operation and integration among the numerous actors at the interface of science and policy. Co-production specifies the mechanisms by which diverse stakeholders and knowledge types are integrated and recognized in SPI activities. Learning represents the intention and capacity of the SPI to gain insights from what works and what does not work as it carries out its tasks. The findings show that across SPIs, patterning of the three components varies. |
| FAO003 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cd0320en | FAO | 2024 | Strategic roadmap of surveillance for fisheries resources | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/e3bff2a2-4021-47da-95c5-ffe959d01698/full | FAO | This strategic plan (roadmap) of surveillance was developed to assist policymakers with initiatives to improve monitoring, control and surveillance (MCS) against illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing in four Indonesian FMAs: 712, 713, 714 and 573. The roadmap development was informed by a previous study on MCS stocktaking effort in the same areas. The four fishing management areas (FMAs) are under the management of 18 provincial administrations, striving to enhance institutional capacity, measurable fisheries management and combating IUU fishing in their respective areas.The MCS roadmap identified the main issues in the four FMAs, the main MCS-related challenges, strategies and recommendations. It divided the MCS efforts into four dimensions, namely before fishing, during fishing, landing and after landing with all relevant ministries, institutions/organizations involved as the key stakeholders in each dimension. The roadmap proposes seven strategies, namely (i.) digital transformation and technology adoption, (ii.) innovation in resource sourcing and budget allocation at both central and regional levels for surveillance and resource management, (iii.) policy harmonization and integration, (iv.) self-reporting innovation, certification and rating systems, (v.) capacity building and human resource distribution, (vi.) institutional and programme integration and (vii.) infrastructure and facility capacity enhancement.Some of the recommendations for the four FMAs including initiatives to optimizing the MCS efforts, innovative funding sources and budget reformation, enhancing the role of the Marine and Fisheries Crime Handling Coordination Forum (TPKP) at the provincial level and strengthening the role of Pokmaswas (Community Monitoring Groups), among others. The roadmap development was part of the FAO/GEF-supported Indonesian Sea Large Marine Ecosystem (ISLME) project. |
| FAO004 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cc7657en | FAO; CITES; | 2024 | Technical report on the regional workshop on the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), fisheries, and legal acquisition findings with Latin American and Caribbean countries | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/cd989196-503d-4609-b837-b4ef5e9d5861/full | FAO | This document contains the report of the regional training workshop on the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), fisheries, and legal acquisition findings (LAFs) for 13 Latin American and Caribbean countries, jointly organized by the Development Law Service of the FAO Legal Office and the CITES Secretariat, in collaboration with the FAO Offices for Ecuador and Latin America and the Caribbean. The workshop was held in Spanish and in-person only from 8 to 11 May 2023. The workshop aimed to raise awareness and strengthen the understanding of CITES requirements and their implementation in the fisheries sector; introduce and train participants on the use of the FAO-CITES Legal Study and Guide; train participants on the use of the Rapid Guide for the Making of LAFs, available at Annex 3 of Resolution 18.7 (Rev. CoP19); and identify countries’ needs and interests for a better implementation of CITES in the fisheries sector.A total of 50 participants joined the workshop from 13 countries in the Latin American and Caribbean region (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Mexico, Panama, Peru and Venezuela [Bolivarian Republic of]), regional organizations (the Central American and Dominican Republic Wildlife Enforcement Network and Permanent Commission for the South Pacific), non-governmental organizations (Defenders of Wildlife and World Fund for Nature), the private sector (fishing enterprises), as well as the UN Office on Drugs and Crime, in addition to the CITES Secretariat and FAO.The four-day programme included presentations on CITES key principles and requirements and their applicability in the fisheries sector; clarifications on commercially exploited aquatic species listed in CITES Appendix II, opportunities for collaboration between CITES and fisheries authorities, correlations between CITES and fisheries management; introduction on how to use the FAO-CITES Legal Study and Guide; the relevance to CITES of the Agreement on Port State Measures to Prevent, Deter and Eliminate Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing, Catch Documentation Scheme, and associated technical guidelines. Additionally, the workshop promoted the use of the Rapid Guide for the Making of LAFs.This is the third of a series of legal training workshops on CITES and fisheries organized by the CITES Secretariat and FAO. The first and second workshops were held at the subregional level, respectively, for Pacific Island countries (November 2021) and English-speaking Caribbean countries (May–June 2022). |
| FAO005 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cc8652en | FAO | 2024 | Report of the twenty-fourth session of the Scientific Advisory Committee on Fisheries, FAO headquarters, Rome, Italy, 20–23 June 2023 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/4e2d6a03-af93-491b-8506-c6f98d6f2893/full | FAO | This report presents the outcomes of the twenty-fourth session of the GFCM Scientific Advisory Committee on Fisheries. The Committee reviewed the work carried out during the 2022–2023 intersession, including in the context of the MedSea4Fish programme, and provided advice on the status of priority stocks and ecosystems and on potential management measures addressing key fisheries and vulnerable species in the Mediterranean. At the regional level, the Committee provided advice on: i) European eel, red coral and common dolphinfish fisheries in the Mediterranean; ii) minimum conservation reference size for GFCM priority species, including deep-water red shrimp and European hake at the regional level as well as small pelagics in the Adriatic sea and round sardinella in the eastern Mediterranean; and iii) the socioeconomic impacts of a potential extension of bottom trawling limits. With regard to small-scale fisheries, the Committee supported the need to revise the monitoring framework of the Regional Plan of Action for small-scale fisheries in the Mediterranean and the Black Sea. It discussed additional work in support of the GFCM, endorsing dedicated research programmes, including on recreational fisheries and on jellyfish in the Alboran Sea, as well as a draft regional plan of action to monitor and mitigate interactions between fisheries and vulnerable species in the Mediterranean and the Black Sea and identified further actions towards the implementation of standardized monitoring plans for fisheries restricted areas (FRAs) and the development of pilot studies to identify boundaries of known vulnerable marine ecosystems. It also discussed issues related to decarbonization and climate change, estimation of discards and fishing capacity. In line with the subregional approach, the Committee formulated advice on i) blackspot seabream in the western Mediterranean; ii) small pelagics in the Alboran Sea; iii) a FRA in the Cabliers Coral Mound Province; iv) Norway lobster, red mullet and striped red mullet in the central Mediterranean; v) round sardinella, small-scale fisheries and non-indigenous species in the eastern Mediterranean; and vi) small pelagics and key demersal stocks in the Adriatic Sea. Finally, the Committee agreed upon its workplan for 2023–2025. |
| FAO006 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cd0033en | FAO | 2024 | Report of the fifth meeting of the WECAFC Working Group on Fisheries using Anchored (or Moored) Fish Aggregating Devices (aFADs), Roseau, Dominica and Virtual meeting, 17–19 April 2023 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/1f7b4c04-852a-4375-91d6-6f4294a4b886/full | FAO | The fifth Meeting of the WECAFC Working Group (WG) on Fisheries using Anchored (or Moored) Fish Aggregating Devices (aFAD) was held in a hybrid format from 17–19 April 2023, hosted by the Commonwealth of Dominica. The meeting was attended by various WECAFC Members, including Barbados, Brazil, Colombia, Commonwealth of Dominica, Dominican Republic, European Union, France, Nicaragua, Panama, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, and the United States of America. The objectives included reviewing data and recent developments in member countries with aFAD fisheries, discussing working documents related to the implementation of the 2022–2024 workplan, providing a status update on the implementation of relevant instruments and recommendations, and developing recommendations and a proposed work plan for future work. |
| FAO007 | 2024 | Committee on Fisheries. Sub-Committee on Fisheries Management. First Session. Written Correspondence Procedure: 22 November–22 December 2023. Virtual Plenary Sessions: 15–18 January 2024. List of participants | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/b4ad9470-025c-4614-ae1d-8e4cd32b0ef1/full | FAO | NA | ||
| FAO008 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cc6667en | FAO | 2023 | Report of the Fourth Meeting of the Parties to the Agreement on Port State Measures to Prevent, Deter and Eliminate Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/0d4611eb-e931-4e71-8ce5-53e08daa6942/full | FAO | The Parties reviewed the status of the FAO Agreement on Port State Measures (“the Agreement” or PSMA) and recalled the decisions of the Third Meeting of the Parties. Progress and challenges in the implementation of the Agreement by Parties were discussed and the important role of regional fisheries bodies (RFBs), in particular regional fisheries management organizations (RFMOs), in supporting the implementation of the Agreement was highlighted. The Parties agreed on the operationalization of the Global Information Exchange System by the end of 2023 and adopted the Terms of Reference for the Technical Working Group on Information Exchange. The Parties emphasized that assistance to developing States Parties is critical for the effective implementation of the Agreement, and reiterated the need to make the multilateral-partner PSMA Part 6 Trust Fund administered by FAO operational. The Parties adopted A Strategy to Improve the Effectiveness of the Agreement on Port State Measures to Prevent, Deter and Eliminate Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing (the “Bali Strategy”). The Parties also agreed that the Terms of Reference of the PSMA Strategy ad hoc Working Group be modified to include the task of monitoring the effective implementation of the Agreement. The amended questionnaire for the Parties for the review and assessment of the effectiveness of the PSMA, together with the new questionnaire for RFBs and other international organizations, were adopted. The programme of work was discussed and the Parties agreed on a schedule of PSMA meetings. |
| FAO009 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cc9045en | FAO | 2023 | Report of the fourth meeting of the Part 6 Working Group established by the Parties to the Agreement on Port State Measures to Prevent, Deter and Eliminate Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing, Rome, 4 April 2023 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/de805f3c-e859-4ac8-81e2-72224dc0cd88/full | FAO | This document contains the report of the fourth meeting of the Part 6 Working Group established by the Parties to the Agreement on Port State Measures to Prevent, Deter and Eliminate Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing (hereinafter referred to as the Agreement or the PSMA), held in Rome, Italy, on 4 April 2023. The Part 6 Working Group discussed the requirements of developing States in the implementation of the PSMA, and made concrete recommendations on priority areas for technical assistance and capacity development. The Part 6 Working Group also discussed the status of implementation of the Terms of Reference for the Funding Mechanisms under Part 6 of the PSMA, and noted the need to increase funding to assist developing States in the implementation of the Agreement through, among others: (i) earmarked contributions to FAO for specific project(s) and programme(s); (ii) contributions to the multilateral partner PSMA Part 6 Trust Fund administered by FAO. |
| FAO010 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cc7783en | FAO | 2023 | Report of the third meeting of the Agreement on Port State Measures (PSMA) Open-Ended Technical Working Group on Information Exchange, Rome, 13–14 December 2022 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/07ff9912-8812-4623-9617-166127c1534a/full | FAO | The third meeting of the PSMA Open-ended Technical Working Group on Information Exchange (TWG-IE) was held in Rome, Italy, from 13 to 14 December 2022. The TWG-IE commended the advances made in the development of the Global Information Exchange System (GIES), provided recommendations for the refinement of the system and recommended that GIES should be operationalized in 2023 following the approval of Parties at their fourth Meeting. |
| FAO011 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cc7449en | FAO | 2023 | Report of the first meeting of the Strategy ad hoc Working Group, Rome, 3–7 April 2023 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/f45a4e54-768a-4e32-a760-96a4cc8ecfa7/full | FAO | This document contains the report of the first meeting of the Strategy ad hoc Working Group (SWG) established by the Parties to the Agreement on Port State Measures to Prevent, Deter and Eliminate Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing (hereinafter referred to as the Agreement or the PSMA), held at FAO Headquarters in Rome, Italy, from 3 to 7 April 2023. It was attended by 55 Parties to the Agreement, and by observers from 23 States, 11 intergovernmental, 5 international non-governmental organizations and one specialized agency from the United Nations (UN). In line with its Terms of Reference adopted by the Parties, the SWG discussed aspects to improve the effectiveness of the PSMA, namely in relation to increasing adherence to the Agreement, the fulfilment of Parties’ responsibilities, mechanisms for the monitoring, review and assessment of the implementation of the Agreement, as well as resources required for the sustainable functioning of the Agreement. On the basis of the discussions and on the consolidated recommendations emanating from the four PSMA regional coordination meetings convened in 2022, the SWG developed a draft Strategy to Improve the Effectiveness of the PSMA and agreed to put it forward for consideration at the Fourth Meeting of Parties (MoP4). |
| FAO012 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cc5484en | Blaha, F.; Vincent, A.; Piedrahita, Y. ; | 2023 | Guidance document: Advancing end-to-end traceability | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/5a6b950c-6bbb-4a96-b446-f3c7e655a1d7/full | FAO | The Guidance document: “Advancing end-to-end traceability along capture fisheries and aquaculture value chains” responds to a critical need for consensus towards establishing end-to-end traceability through globally agreed and standardized understanding of the critical tracking events (CTEs) along the fish value chain, as well as sources of key data elements (KDEs) related to fish production and product identification. In particular, the Guidance aims at developing insights and addressing gaps in developing and implementing traceability systems for both the private sector and government. Supported by deliberations through various consultations between 2021 and 2022, it also provides technical advice in the enforcement and adequate verification of traceability in fish value chains and seeks to act as a benchmark of existing traceability systems to evaluate their efficacy and identify associated gaps. The document addresses these objectives through the identification of CTEs and KDEs along the fish value chain (sections 3 and 4) and, where possible, the identification of supporting standards based on the standards and guidelines of the Global Dialogue on Seafood Traceability (GDST). It includes discussion and recommendation narrative (sections 5 and 6) whereby the overarching takeaways and advice is to: a) identify and define standardized KDEs and CTEs for commercial and regulatory traceability; and b) follow strict due diligence using a holistic and integrated approach involving all stakeholders at legal, commercial and operational level prior to commitment. |
| FAO013 | 2023 | CWP Intersessional Meetings of Aquaculture and Fisheries Subject Groups Joint Session - 28- 30 June 2023 - Relevant activities carried out by ICES during the intersessional period (July 2022-June 2023) | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/0221ea14-f42c-41be-a80f-a2da613529c4/full | FAO | NA | ||
| FAO014 | 2023 | Update on capacity-building activities to address IUU fishing (the CAPFISH project) | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/ab42cd9a-e817-4962-952c-9b127a12ed55/full | FAO | This document provides a summary of capacity-building activities undertaken by the World Maritime University in the context of the CAPFISH project to promote international instruments and address IUU Fishing with the support of specialized agencies of the United Nations | ||
| FAO015 | 2023 | REPORT OF THE FOURTH MEETING OF THE PART 6 WORKING GROUP ESTABLISHED BY THE PARTIES TO THE PSMA | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/aec6ec4a-63b6-40d7-975d-632245411671/full | FAO | This document contains the report of the fourth meeting of the Part 6 Working Group established by the Parties to the Agreement on Port State Measures to Prevent, Deter and Eliminate Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing (hereinafter referred to as the Agreement or the PSMA), held in Rome, Italy, on 4 April 2023. The Part 6 Working Group discussed the requirements of developing States in the implementation of the PSMA, and made concrete recommendations on priority areas for technical assistance and capacity development. The Part 6 Working Group also discussed the status of implementation of the Terms of Reference for the Funding Mechanisms under Part 6 of the PSMA, and noted the need to increase funding to assist developing States in the implementation of the Agreement through, among others: (i) earmarked contributions to FAO for specific project(s) and programme(s); (ii) contributions to the multilateral partner PSMA Part 6 Trust Fund administered by FAO. | ||
| FAO016 | FAO | 2023 | REPORT OF THE THIRD MEETING OF THE PSMA OPEN-ENDED TECHNICAL WORKING GROUP ON INFORMATION EXCHANGE (Advance version) | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/de2e5dc8-481f-4ec7-a42f-193570b25009/full | FAO | This document contains the report of the third meeting of the Agreement on Port State Measures (PSMA) Open-Ended Technical Working Group on Information Exchange (TWG-IE), which was held in Rome, Italy, 13-14 December 2022. The Meeting of the Parties to the PSMA, in its third meeting, recognized the importance of information sharing for the implementation of the Agreement and more widely for combatting IUU fishing. Parties recognized the importance of the availability of information related to the national contact points and designated ports for the Agreement in the PSMA application and called for all those Parties not having done so yet, to provide updated information. Parties welcomed the prototype of the GIES and agreed that GIES enter a pilot phase and encouraged its use by Parties to allow for complete familiarization with the data upload and information sharing functions, and other features. The Parties stressed the importance of data protection and confidentiality, and ensuring the system is practical and user friendly, including making it as interoperable as possible with existing systems to minimize unnecessary burdens on Parties. Parties requested technical and operational matters related to the GIES to be discussed at TWG-IE meeting in 2022. With regard to the pilot phase of the GIES, TWG-IE made specific recommendations on improvements and future developments of the GIES, whilst stressing the need for the system to remain sustainable and that the development of new features does not postpone the operationalization of the system. The TWG-IE recommended that a deadline be set for all Parties to share technical comments on the GIES system and recommended the operationalization of the GIES in 2023 following the approval of Parties at their fourth Meeting. The TWG-IE noted the importance of defining how long reports published within the GIES should be retained. The TWG-IE considered that the IMO number should be made mandatory in the GIES if the vessel has an IMO number, whilst recommending that other identifiers such as the international radio call sign, the external marking usually referring to national registration numbers, RFMO identifiers and MMSI should be considered for vessels without IMO numbers. The TWG-IE reiterated the importance that all Parties submit information on NCPs and DPs and keep this information updated. The TWG-IE highlighted the importance of ensuring that all designated ports under the PSMA, have been attributed a UN/LOCODE, when possible. The TWG-IE recognized the need for the terms of reference for the working group. The TWG-IE made further recommendations in relation to: considerations in cases of Force Majeure in relation to the GIES; the importance of security in the GIES; the importance of RFBs in supporting information exchange; and the importance of materials and trainings to guide GIES users. | |
| FAO017 | 2023 | REPORT OF THE FIRST MEETING OF THE STRATEGY AD HOC WORKING GROUP | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/347d694c-f066-4772-8c6d-8b4493dbd3af/full | FAO | This document contains the report of the first meeting of the Strategy ad hoc Working Group (SWG) established by the Parties to the Agreement on Port State Measures to Prevent, Deter and Eliminate Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing (hereinafter referred to as the Agreement or the PSMA), held at FAO Headquarters in Rome, Italy, from 3 to 7 April 2023. It was attended by 55 Parties to the Agreement, and by observers from 23 States, 11 intergovernmental, 5 international non-governmental organizations and one specialized agency from the Unites Nations (UN). In line with its Terms of Reference adopted by the Parties, the SWG discussed aspects to improve the effectiveness of the PSMA, namely in relation to increasing adherence to the Agreement, the fulfilment of Parties’responsibilities, mechanisms for the monitoring, review and assessment of the implementation of the Agreement, as well as resources required for the sustainable functioning of the Agreement. On the basis of the discussions and on the consolidated recommendations emanating from the four PSMA Regional Coordination Meetings convened in 2022, the SWG developed a draft Strategy to Improve the Effectiveness of the PSMA and agreed to put it forward for consideration at the Fourth Meeting of Parties (MoP4). | ||
| FAO018 | 2023 | Report of the FIFTH MEETING OF THE WECAFC WORKING GROUP ON FISHERIES USING ANCHORED (OR MOORED) FISH AGGREGATING DEVICES (aFADs) Roseau, Dominica and Virtual meeting, 17-19 April 2023/CINQUIÈME RÉUNION DU GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE LA COPACO SUR LES PÊCHES UTILISANT DES DISPOSITIFS DE CONCENTRATION DE POISSONS ANCRÉS (OU AMARRÉS) (aFAD)/QUINTA REUNIÓN DEL GRUPO DE TRABAJO DE LA COPACO SOBRE PESCA QUE UTILIZAN DISPOSITIVOS DE CONCENTRACIÓN DE PECES ANCLADOS (O AMARRADOS) (aFAD) | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/2c4ef829-6e3f-432d-ae0a-a3531009367e/full | FAO | The fifth Meeting of the WECAFC Working Group on Fisheries using Anchored/Moored Fish Aggregating Devices (aFAD) was held in a hybrid format from 17 to 19 April 2023, hosted by the Commonwealth of Dominica. The meeting was attended by various WECAFC Members, including Barbados, Brazil, Colombia, Commonwealth of Dominica, Dominican Republic, European Union, France, Nicaragua, Panama, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, and the United States of America. The opening of the meeting was marked by remarks from Ms. Yvette Diei Ouadi, Secretary of WECAFC, and Dr. Renata Clarke, FAO Sub-Regional Coordinator for the Caribbean, who emphasized the significance of aFAD fisheries in the region and the challenges they face. The meeting, chaired by Derrick Theophille, discussed the adoption of the agenda and meeting arrangements, as well as the background and objectives of the meeting. The objectives included reviewing data and recent developments in Member Countries with aFAD fisheries, discussing working documents related to the implementation of the 2022-2024 workplan, providing a status update on the implementation of relevant instruments and recommendations, and developing recommendations and a proposed work plan for future work. Status update presentations were given by representatives from different WECAFC members, including Barbados, Brazil, the Commonwealth of Dominica, European Union (Martinique and Guadeloupe), Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, the United States of America, and the Dominican Republic. The presentations covered various aspects of the aFAD fisheries in each country, including monitoring, harvest control, effort calculations, landings, regulations, and challenges faced. Questions and discussions were held regarding private FADs, vessel monitoring systems, size limits for catch, reporting to international organizations, the use of technology for monitoring smaller vessels, and the location of aFADs in marine spatial planning. Overall, the meeting provided an opportunity for WG members to exchange experiences, discuss challenges, and identify areas for collaboration and future work in the field of aFAD fisheries. A key objective of the meeting was the review and discussion of several documents stemming out of the 2022-2024 Workplan aimed at improving aFAD fisheries management in the region. These documents included (1) the WECAFC Regional aFAD Fishery management Plan, (2) the Guide for improved monitoring of aFADs and improved assessment of impacts of aFADs on stocks, and (3) the Guide for the development of local aFAD fishery management plans. | ||
| FAO020,GS091 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cb8067en | Drinkwin, J. | 2022 | Reporting and retrieval of lost fishing gear: recommendations for developing effective programmes | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/40af1e6c-e59b-45fc-bf65-40dcf8dabc72/full | FAO,GS | Abandoned, lost, or otherwise discarded fishing gear, alternately known as ALDFG or ghost gear is the most harmful form of marine plastic litter for marine animals and habitats. It also can impede safe navigation, mars beaches and reefs, and causes economic losses to fisheries and other marine-dependent industries across the globe. While current estimates of the amount of ALDFG in the ocean are not available, a growing body of evidence has documented high rates of ALDFG in fisheries around the world, with coincident costs to fisheries, harm to the environment, and safety risks. Because most fishing gear has significant plastic components, the negative impacts from ALDFG also include less direct but longer term impacts associated with other plastic pollution and microplastics including negative effects on biota, water quality and even human health. Advancing solutions to ALDFG on a global scale has gained momentum with the efforts of the FAO, the United Nations Environmental Program (UNEP), and the IMO through their multilateral fora (COFI, UNEA and MEPC); the publication and endorsement of the Voluntary Guidelines for the Marking of Fishing Gear (VGMFG); the IMO action plan to address marine plastic litter from ships; the creation of the Global Ghost Gear Initiative (GGGI); and the establishment of the Joint Group of Experts on the Scientific Aspects of Marine Environmental Pollution (GESAMP) Working Group 43. These efforts reflect the growing understanding that ALDFG is a considerable and damaging source of MPL in the ocean. With the publication of the VGMFG and the Best Practice Framework (BPF) for the management of fishing gear, there are now references for how to prevent loss of fishing gear and prevent harm from ALDFG. Focusing on two key recommendations of the VGMFG and the BPF, this report describes systems for fisher-led reporting and retrieval of lost fishing gear, identifies critical elements of successful programs, and recommends next steps for countries to develop successful programs. |
| FAO021 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cb9399en | FAO | 2022 | First virtual Global Fisheries Enforcement Training Workshop | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/216baa63-796b-44a0-b167-e0d1bf90d36d/full | FAO | This document contains the proceedings of the IMCSNET’s first ever virtual GFETW, which took place online on 13 and 14 July 2021. Nearly 600 monitoring, control and surveillance (MCS) practitioners from around the world, as well as other fisheries stakeholders and organizations, registered to participate in the online conference, which consisted of a schedule of speakers, presentations, panel discussions, and interactive discussion rooms. In addition, the virtual platform software utilized for the GFETW facilitated the ability for participants to create and use private meeting rooms for networking sessions, as well as an online chatting function. One of the primary focuses of the IMCSNET is to increase fisheries MCS cooperation and collaboration between Member countries, especially with and between developing country Members The virtual conference included participants from both developing and developed nations as well as stakeholder organizations involved in fisheries MCS. The overall theme of the virtual GFETW was “Illuminating the Unknowns – Global Cooperation to Eliminate the “U’s” from Illegal, Unreported, and Unregulated (IUU) Fishing”. The GFETW focused on an interactive format highlighting three interactive panel discussions on emerging MCS areas of interest or challenges. The event also included MCS papers, presentations, and short videos relevant to one of the following four GFETW themes: cooperation and partnerships, risk assessment and analysis, technology as an enabler, and transparency. |
| FAO022 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cb9389en | FAO | 2022 | EAF-Nansen Programme expert workshop on ecosystem characterization | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/56ab800c-bc63-4b47-8d3b-eaa11fd7ef2e/full | FAO | As part of the EAF-Nansen Programme activities, a workshop was organized on ecosystem characterization at the FAO Headquarters in Rome from 21 to 23 August 2018. The workshop aimed at identifying relevant ecosystem characterization approaches for data limited areas, defining best-practice methods for ecosystem characterization in data limited regions and how these should be applied, suggesting how this knowledge can feed into decision-making at tactical and strategic levels, defining how uncertainty in the methods can be taken into account and communicated, and understanding existing challenges and ongoing efforts in targeted regions that may be of relevance to ecosystem characterization. The expected outputs of the workshop were a report describing best methods/approaches for ecosystem characterizations in data-limited regions and an action plan for future case studies in two regions. |
| FAO023 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cc2545en | FAO | 2022 | Mapping distant-water fisheries access arrangements | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/458905a7-588d-45b7-a7c4-4c86c819597f/full | FAO | The report results from an exploratory mapping based on a desk study using a range of academic, policy, and media literature. It also draws on the multiple contributors’ extensive experiences as researchers, including interview data and collaborations with governments, industry, and civil society. This report presents fisheries access arrangements by mapping the major arrangements for accessing marine capture fisheries in foreign jurisdictional waters, with a particular emphasis on developing countries. This representative mapping of access arrangements provides a conceptual and empirical foundation for future work on related issues. The report focuses exclusively on industrial-scale activities, including vessels locally flagged and registered where the business is not beneficially owned in the country. The report does not examine fisheries access in general (e.g. access rights for a domestic firm in a domestic fishery). It does not undertake economic analysis nor provide policy options. This report is the first phase of a comprehensive study on analysing fishing access arrangements from an economic angle to facilitate the identification of opportunities to enhance the trade of fisheries-related services, particularly for developing countries. |
| FAO024 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cb8100en | FAO | 2022 | Inclusive social development and decent work for enhancing small-scale fisheries resilience to the COVID-19 pandemic | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/71b35cba-d525-4110-a272-2de889c2e36c/full | FAO | This document is part of a series of briefs framed under the provisions of the Voluntary Guidelines for Securing Sustainable Small-Scale Fisheries in the Context of Food Security and Poverty Eradication (SSF Guidelines). These briefs aim at assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on several areas that are crucial to the sustainable development of the small-scale fisheries sector and portray examples of coping strategies that small-scale fisheries stakeholders have used to mitigate the effects of the pandemic on the sector. Although the examples showcased in this document are related to the COVID-19 pandemic, they are also relevant to other types of disasters. These examples could inform future emergency response plans aiming at mitigating the impacts of natural disasters on the small-scale fisheries sector, especially in the event of major biological hazards. Likewise, the examples discussed in this document should be kept in mind during any development initiative, even in the absence of disasters, to increase the resilience of and socio-economic benefits for small-scale fishers, fish workers and their communities. |
| FAO025 | 2022 | Sub-Committee on Fish Trade Eighteenth Session. Written Correspondence Procedure: 8 April to 8 May 2022 Virtual Plenary sessions: 7, 8, 9 and 20 June 2022 - Scoping paper on social responsibility. Additional information | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/41d3bfa7-137f-4f91-bfa5-2f13eb8089ed/full | FAO | NA | ||
| FAO026 | 2022 | Coordinating Working Party on Fishery Statistics. Intersessional Meetings of Aquaculture and Fisheries Subject Groups. Eight Meeting of the Aquaculture Subject Group (AS) and Twenty-Ninth meeting of the Fisheries Subject Group (FS), 20–23 June 2022. Progress report of the CWP ad-hoc Task Group on effort concepts | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/fb34c037-abdd-4234-8e8c-133efcc971b1/full | FAO | CWP-26 established the ad-hoc task group on fishing effort concepts (TG-effort) to review, revise and where necessary further develop CWP fishing effort concepts and standard measures. Progress on this work (CWP-IS/2021/2) was reported at the intersession meeting of CWP in November 2021. That meeting provided further guidance to TG-effort (CWP-IS report, 2021) including inter alia to further consider: the overall objective of the work, fishing effort concepts and applications across all fishery sectors, effort measures in the context of their intended use, the proposals from the t-RFMO workshop (2018), and new efforts measures arising from emerging technologies and which are feasible/practical to implement with available tools. TG-effort has reviewed and further developed fishing effort concepts for a fisher, fishing vessel and fishery-support vessel, fishing ground, fishing trip, fishing gear, searching (for fish), fishing operation and fishing mode, the overarching concept of métier and a fishing effort concept diagram (Fig. 1). TG-effort also reviewed the three main levels of precision/granularity used in reporting fishery statistics in the STATLANT system of questionnaires (categories A, B and C) and re-cast these at the levels of three effort concepts: fishing operation (A), métier (B) and fishing trip (C). TG-effort also reviewed and developed standard measures of fishing effort (Table 1): Measures A - number of fishing operations, number of gear sub-units deployed, number of gear.hours fished, number of gear.days fished, number of hours searching, Measures B - number of days on a fishing ground, and Measures C - number of fishing trips, number of days absent from base, number of days fished, number of fishers and number of fishing vessels. TG-effort also developed the proposal of the t-RFMO workshop (FAO, 2019b) to use combined measures for all gear categories in the International Standard Statistical Classification of Fishing Gear (ISSCFG) and all fishing modes (Table 2). TG-effort also considered the use of emerging technologies such as satellite-based Automatic Identification System (AIS), Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) and Synthetic Aperture Radar systems (SAR) in developing measures of fishing effort. TG-effort concluded that such technologies can provide opportunities inter alia to validate existing measures or provide improvedCWP-IS/2022/2 estimates of these measures, provide new technologies in addition to AIS and VMS such as VIIRS for use in monitoring fishing as well as illegal, unregulated and unreported fishing (IUU) activities, and support the development and application of new measures of effort which may be integrated with existing measures defined by CWP. New measures for use by CWP will need to be derived from readily available, low-cost data and TG-effort noted that the accessibility of emerging technologies is evolving rapidly and data which may have limited or restricted availability today may become readily available/public domain in the near future. | ||
| FAO027 | 2022 | Sub-Committee on Fish Trade Eighteenth Session. Written Correspondence Procedure: 8 April to 8 May 2022 Virtual Plenary sessions: 7, 8, 9 and 20 June 2022. Draft guidance document: Advancing end-to-end traceability along capture fisheries and aquaculture value chains | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/89b2008b-4167-4621-a3a0-720a9ab5b7b5/full | FAO | NA | ||
| FAO028 | 2022 | TECHNICAL GUIDELINES ON METHODOLOGIES AND INDICATORS FOR THE ESTIMATION OF THE MAGNITUDE AND IMPACT OF ILLEGAL, UNREPORTED AND UNREGULATED FISHING (IUU FISHING) | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/69666966-7d56-4824-b674-2f26aa2babc1/full | FAO | Quantification of the amount of IUU fishing may be important for invoking appropriately precautionary management, helping design effective monitoring, control and surveillance measures, and generating political will to combat the problem. Although there is a growing number of studies estimating IUU fishing, it can still be challenging for fisheries managers to identify pertinent examples that can serve as models for their own estimates. This document links to a number of previous technical guidance documents on planning and executing IUU estimation studies by providing a catalog of 26 estimation methodologies from published studies. These methodologies encompass a wide range of locations, fishing gear and IUU fishing types. The catalog is organized around two ways to identify relevant methodologies: based on the IUU estimation approach and based on the primary available data source. The five types of IUU fishing estimation approaches include: 1) estimating total catch minus reported catch; 2) total catch partitioned into IUU/not IUU; 3) sum individual IUU events to a total amount; 4) estimate “true” catches for vessels or fleets; and 5) determine relative amounts or trends in IUU. The four types of primary data sources include: 1) fishery models; 2) commercial sources; 3) operational data; and 4) expert judgement, comparisons to catch compilations and stakeholder surveys. The two search algorithms help to identify methods that are presented as concise, individual 1-2 page summaries. Each method is presented in terms of the key elements needed and how they can be sourced, the specific steps involved in constructing the estimate, and guidance on the applicability of the method. The goal of this document is to facilitate the selection of appropriate methods for those wishing to undertake estimates of IUU fishing, thereby promoting robust assessments of the effectiveness of fisheries monitoring, control and surveillance systems. | ||
| FAO029 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cb5398en | FAO | 2021 | Aquatic food systems under COVID-19 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/0bba73c5-5dff-4954-a002-358b335a43d4/full | FAO | This brief takes stock of how the crisis has played out in aquatic food systems, synthesizing evidence on the effects experienced to date, and highlighting responses that can help improve resilience to future shocks. |
| FAO030 | FAO | 2021 | Report of the Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction Deep-sea Fisheries under the Ecosystem Approach Project's Inception Workshop | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/e9bcd780-ba5b-422c-a380-634b33fb63ba/full | FAO | The inception workshop of the areas beyond national jurisdiction (ABNJ) Deep-Sea Fisheries under the Ecosystem Approach (DSF) Project was held virtually in two sessions using the video conferencing tool “Zoom” on 24 August 2020 and 26 August 2020. The workshop was attended by representatives and potential project partners, including seven Regional Fisheries Management Organizations (RFMOs), the GEF Secretariat and two industry organizations. The primary objective of the inception workshop was to update the project partners on the project’s scope, including objectives, components and outputs and to review the projects delivery structure, including the roles of the Implementing Agency and Executing Agency. The timeline for the development of the DSF Project was also discussed. The inception workshop participants took note and commented on the outputs and activities that are being developed by the project design team, recognizing that this is still work in progress which will require further discussions and inputs. The participants also took note of the respective roles of GEF implementing and executing agencies, but were unable to make suggestions as to suitable and acceptable executing agencies for the DSF Project. Participants took note of the DSF Project timeline, recognizing that it could be affected by the Covid-19 pandemic. | |
| FAO031 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cb7507en | FAO | 2021 | Beyond COVID-19 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/20f160cc-df35-4b40-92a3-5d59178ed5ea/full | FAO | Referring to surveys carried out in April and November 2020, a recent FAO publication published on the impact of COVID-19 on fisheries and aquaculture (FAO, 2020) confirms what everyone suspected: the COVID-19 pandemic has significantly affected the work of regional fishery bodies (RFBs). This second assessment offers noteworthy figures: in November, 50 percent of regional fisheries management organizations (RFMOs) reported that the negative impacts of the pandemic had been as expected; 41 percent found that negative impacts had been greater than expected; and 9 percent found that impacts had been lower than expected. On the other hand, surveys conducted with Regional Fisheries Advisory Bodies (RFABs) in the same month revealed that: 28 percent found that negative impacts had been as expected; 61 percent found that negative impacts had been greater than expected; and 11 percent found that impacts had been lower than expected. |
| FAO032 | 2021 | CWP Intersessional Meetings of Aquaculture and Fisheries Subject Groups – Joint Session - Terms of Reference of the CWP ad-hoc Task Group on “fishing effort concepts” (TG-effort) | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/4336d30c-e008-4fdd-b27e-f0762e8bd124/full | FAO | NA | ||
| FAO033 | 2021 | Artificial Intelligence for a Digital Blue Planet - FORUM AGENDA | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/f79edf29-701e-4453-b669-c2fa5f82f96b/full | FAO | NA | ||
| FAO034 | 2021 | CWP ad-hoc Task Group on “fishing effort concepts” (TG-effort) Progress report on the review and development of CWP fishing effort concepts and measures | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/68bd4aee-0a8c-4894-909f-18a815513fa2/full | FAO | CWP-26 established the ad-hoc task group on fishing effort concepts (TG-effort) to review, revise and where necessary further develop CWP fishing effort concepts and standard measures of effort (CWP-IS-2021-Inf.2). This progress report summarises the work of TG-effort to date. TG-effort reviewed CWP’s historical development of fishing effort concepts which was initiated in the 1960s when CWP developed a standardised reporting system for fishery statistics in the north Atlantic (STANA questionnaires). This system was further developed as the STATLANT questionnaires which nowadays are dispatched by FAO on behalf of the regional fishery organizations to relevant national authorities, and are subsequently compiled by FAO into global fishery statistics. While the initial focus of those developments was industrial fisheries, CWP’s work in capture fisheries statistics covers all fishery sectors (i.e. industrial, small-scale/artisanal , sport/recreational). TG-effort considered the following fishing effort concepts: fisher, fishing vessel, fishing ground, fishing trip, fishing gear, searching (for fish), fishing operation and fishing mode. Revised definitions are proposed and a fishing effort concepts diagram was developed for use in the CWP Handbook. TG-effort reviewed the use of nominal and effective fishing effort and their application in the STATLANT questionnaires. TG-effort also developed a comprehensive list of standard measures of fishing effort by ISSCFG fishing gear categories and fishing modes to facilitate the broader application of standard measures across all fishery sectors. TG-effort also considered the applicability and development of new fishing effort measures based on emerging technologies such as satellite-based Automatic Identification System, Synthetic ApertureRadar systems and Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite. That work is expected to continue up to CWP-27. CWP Members are kindly invited to provide feedback on the work of TG-effort including the development of fishing effort concepts, standard measures of effort and new measures for emerging technologies. | ||
| FAO035 | 2020 | Report on the findings of the questionnaire to inform the Western Central Atlantic Fishery Commission (WECAFC) Ad Hoc Intersessional Working Group for the Strategic reorientation of WECAFC | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/e31a18f5-a520-4111-b8ef-59ee07c1ce39/full | FAO | Report on the findings of the questionnaire to inform the Western Central Atlantic Fishery Commission (WECAFC) Ad Hoc Intersessional Working Group for the Strategic reorientation of WECAFC | ||
| FAO036 | https://doi.org/10.4060/cb1197en | FAO and ECLAC | 2020 | Food systems and COVID-19 in Latin America and the Caribbean | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/47626cf5-8e32-40ea-9ac9-c2ebd950620a/full | FAO | The crisis has heavily affected fisheries and aquaculture. The restrictive health measures have had adverse effects on the free operation of the sector. The sector needs short term action; it also needs to modify some aspects of the activity that have been dragging on for some time. Thus for example, technology and innovation can play an essential role. |
| FAO037 | https://doi.org/10.4060/ca9349en | FAO | 2020 | Summary of the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the fisheries and aquaculture sector - Addendum to the State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2020 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/66838534-6530-426c-a9aa-88414b47fb0b/full | FAO | The 2020 edition of The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture was completed as the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic spread around the world. Therefore, the publication makes reference to, but does not address the impacts of, the pandemic on the sector. This addendum is intended to capture these rapidly evolving impacts, and provide a baseline for interventions and policy advice. |
| FAO038 | https://doi.org/10.4060/ca9165en | FAO | 2020 | Proceedings of the International Symposium on Fisheries Sustainability: strengthening the science-policy nexus | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/3d5a8025-c722-4e97-b465-57856bc659d3/full | FAO | The International Symposium on Fisheries Sustainability: strengthening the science-policy nexus was held to support the development of a new vision for more sustainable and socially just fisheries, and more resilient to the challenges of the twenty-first century. The event managed to gather an incredibly diverse group of participants from different sectors and regions around the world. Moreover, a set of recommendations emerged from the sessions’ discussions, that will help improve the sustainability of capture fisheries and progress towards the different targets and objectives of the Sustainable Development Goals. |
| FAO039,GFW027 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/handle/20.500.14283/ca7012en | Taconet, M., Kroodsma, D. & Fernandes, J. | 2019 | Global atlas of AIS-based fishing activity | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/3a8abd8f-6862-4f5d-8775-2beb10815a64/full | FAO,GFW | With the advances in information technology, it is becoming possible to create a global database of fishing effort by gear type with an unprecedented spatial and temporal resolution. Such a database has the potential to assist with fisheries management and research around the globe. When initiating this publication, FAO intended to present this potential by reviewing AIS-based data in context of global and regional knowledge on fisheries, and to communicate the main findings as well as strengths and limitations of these data and current processing methodology. The aim of this document, hereafter referred to as the Atlas, is to enable stakeholders to understand the opportunity and challenges of mapping and analysing fishing activity with AIS data. For each FAO Area, based on AIS data, this Atlas presents the number and percentage of vessels broadcasting AIS, the spatial patterns of presence and intensity of fishing activity, and an analysis by gear type. For these data, the Atlas includes detailed methods, case studies, and comparisons with outside data. These comparisons, explanatory text, and caveats are presented with the goal of helping member countries understand how this new dataset can be applied. To ensure the accuracy of the conclusions, over 50 fishery experts from around the world reviewed and assessed the maps, charts, and supporting text produced by the authors and editorial team. |
| FAO040 | FAO | 2019 | Report of the Twenty-Sixth Session of the Coordinating Working Party on Fishery Statistics, Rome, 15-18 May 2019 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/b31bd116-982e-4402-b5f0-22e31b910386/full | FAO | This document contains the report of the twenty-sixth Session of the Coordinating Working party on Fisheries Statistics (CWP) and meetings of the Aquaculture Subject Group and Fishery Subject Group held in Rome, Italy, from 15-18 May 2019. The CWP provides a mechanism to coordinate the statistical programs conducted by intergovernmental organizations including regional fishery bodies with a remit for fishery statistics. Ten CWP Members, two observers’ regional fishery bodies and three invited international and national organizations participated in the meetings. | |
| FAO041 | FAO Regional Office for Africa | 2019 | Stories from Africa | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/061e0f32-c7ad-4796-b87b-8a41048d9b55/full | FAO | Without rapid progress in reducing and eliminating hunger and malnutrition by 2030, the full range of Sustainable Development Goals cannot be achieved. We can advance faster if we work together. In its quest to achieve a Zero Hunger world, the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) works in partnership with communities, governments, and organizations across Africa to address malnutrition, boost the productivity and resilience of small-scale farmers, share knowledge about innovative farming practices, and build sustainable food systems. FAO’s bold approach focuses on empowering women and employing youth, providing them with the skills and resources (land, capital, emerging technology) they need to grow their own businesses and engaging them in the decisions that affect their lives. This book celebrates some of the progress made in communities across Africa, showcasing real-life examples of the ways we can work together to achieve Zero Hunger. While there is no magic bullet, many workable and innovative solutions are already out there to help men and women overcome the challenges they face in trying to earn a living and feed their families. | |
| FAO042 | 2019 | Report of the Thirty-third Session of the Committee on Fisheries | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/bcd33eb1-9604-4094-aadf-037294c7a730/full | FAO | The Thirty-third Session of the Committee on Fisheries (COFI) was held in Rome, Italy, from 9 to 13 July 2018. This is a report of the Session reflecting the discussions which took place and containing all recommendations and decisions taken by the Committee. A synopsis of the outcome of the Session is presented in the abstract and all supplementary information is included in the appendixes. | ||
| FAO043 | FAO | 2019 | FAO Statistical Programme of Work 2018-19 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/0a01a098-121b-45ae-98ce-266e1ef62d3f/full | FAO | The FAO Corporate Statistical Programme of Work (SPW) provides an overview and a detailed description of the statistical activities carried out by all FAO divisions active in the field of statistics. It is intended for both internal and external use, as a quick guide to the substantial and complex FAO Statistical System. The SPW is an important tool for improving internal transparency and coordination, as well as the external visibility of the FAO Statistical System, and for achieving effective coordination and stimulating joint efforts among international organizations in many areas. This is the fifth version of the FAO Statistical Programme of Work and it covers the 2018–2019 biennium. | |
| FAO044 | FAO | 2019 | Internation Symposium on Fisheries Sustainability: Strengthening the Science-Policy Nexus | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/1a61933f-f2d7-4028-949a-fe24fb3453db/full | FAO | The objective of this Symposium is to identify pathways to strengthen the science and policy interplay in fisheries production, management and trade, based on solid sustainability principles for improved global outcomes on the ground. Ultimately, the debates and conclusions of the symposium will prepare the way for the development of a new vision for the way we perceive and use capture fisheries, outlining how the sector can respond to the complex and rapidly changing challenges facing society, and support the planning process of the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development (2021-2030). | |
| FAO045 | FAO | 2019 | FAO Partnerships - Access to new technologies (Google case study) | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/02d6f1a8-0af9-465a-91cb-45d242307002/full | FAO | The fact sheet reports on the joint activities that FAO has been carrying out with google to make geospatial surveillance and mapping tools more accessible, help countries tackle climate change with the latest technology, and build the capacity of experts working in the field of forestry policies and land use. | |
| FAO046 | 2020 | Summary report of the International Symposium on Fisheries sustainability | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/7a757ea9-113a-46bb-a132-b457fb1f7e53/full | FAO | The International Symposium on Fisheries Sustainability: strengthening the science-policy nexus took place at FAO Headquarters, Rome, Italy, from 18-21 of November 2019. It gathered around 1,000 participants from different sectors, from around 100 countries. The Symposium was held to address the need for a new vision for capture fisheries, outlining how the sector needs to transform in response to the complex and rapidly changing challenges facing society. It was structured in eight thematic sessions, in which a number of strategic questions were addressed. A total of 107 exceptionally diverse and gender balanced speakers and panelists from a wide range of regions and sectors, contributed to building this new vision through the discussions held in the different sessions. The Symposium included an Innovation Forum, as well as a number of different side events, promoting sustainable fisheries and marine-derived products from different perspectives. It was an occasion to showcase best-practices and innovative blue growth approaches. To improve the design of future events, increase participant engagement during the Symposium, and maximize outcomes, the attendees’ priorities for fisheries sustainability, as well as their experiences during the symposium were assessed through a mixed-methods study. The quantitative and qualitative data of this study contributed to identifying lessons learned and helped identify widely supported messages shaping a shared vision for sustainable fisheries. The outputs of the Symposium include a comprehensive booklet with background information, session description, contents and main challenges addressed by each session, prepared ahead of the meeting in coordination of the Advisory board members and the session leads; an article about the gender-mainstreaming work and discussions around women in fisheries from the Symposium in SPC Women in Fisheries bulletin; a dedicated section in the 2020 FAO State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture Report, with the main key messages of the sessions; a technical document, which acts as the proceedings for the meeting; a digital report; a working document highlighting main conclusions and messages of the Symposium for the consideration of the 34th FAO Committee on Fisheries (COFI), and this summary report as a COFI information paper. | ||
| FAO047 | 2020 | International Symposium on Fisheries Sustainability. List of Registered Attendees | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/c15c3638-2beb-4a86-83ed-9a692adf1708/full | FAO | NA | ||
| FAO048 | FAO | 2017 | FAO and the SDGs Indicators | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/d47704f4-ba36-40f5-93be-4f33545f01ab/full | FAO | On 25 September 2015, the 193 Member States of the United Nations adopted the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development – including 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and 169 targets – committing the international community to end poverty and hunger and achieve sustainable development between 2016 and 2030. Six months later, a global indicator framework for the SDGs – comprising 230 indicators - was identified to monitor the 169 targets and track progress, becoming the foundation of the SDGs’ accountability structure. The number of indicators - four times greater than for the MDGs - represents an immense challenge for countries. FAO - proposed ‘custodian’ UN agency for 21 SDG indicators and a contributing agency for six more – can assist countries in meeting the new monitoring challenges. This publication presents FAO’s work in developing and strengthening indicators that measure food, agriculture and the sustainable use of natural resources, shining a light on the 21 indicators of FAO custodianship. It describes how the organization can support countries track progress and make the connection between monitoring and policymaking to achieve the SDGs. | |
| FAO049 | CWP Secretariat | 2017 | CWP - Report of the Fifth Meeting of the Aquaculture Subject Group and the Twenty-sixth Meeting of the Fisheries Subject, Copenhagen, Denmark, 19-22 June 2017 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/a88ab683-edca-44ca-9b2c-db0e57583102/full | FAO | This document contains the report of the Fifth Meeting of the Aquaculture Subject Group and the Twenty-sixth meeting of the Fisheries Subject of CWP, held during the Intersessional Aquaculture and Fisheries Subject Group meeting of the Coordinating Working Party on Fishery Statistics (CWP-IS), which took place in Copenhagen, Denmark, from 19 to 22 June 2017. The work was organized between joint sessions to address issues of general interest, with the Subject Groups – Aquaculture (CWP-AS) and Fis heries (CWP-FS) –organized in concurrent sessions, to address matters related to the intersessional programme for each Subject Group. The meeting reviewed the progress made since the Twenty-fifth session of the CWP and agreed on actions for the second part of the intersessional period, prior to the upcoming Twenty-sixth session of the CWP to be held early in 2019. The main issues presented and discussed were the dissemination of the revised handbook on the CWP web page and the further enhancemen t of the socio-economic and GIS section of the handbook, the CWP ad hoc task group on “reference harmonization for capture fisheries and aquaculture statistics”, and the progress made by the Task Force in establishing the standard aquaculture questionnaire. | |
| FAO050 | 2018 | JM 2018.2/4 Progress in implementation of the strategies for partnerships with the private | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/2249046f-6e3f-4831-9a68-8abcc77620f0/full | FAO | NA | ||
| FAO051 | 2018 | Follow-up to the decisions and recommendations of the Thirty-second Session of the Committee on Fisheries, Rome, 11-15 July 2016 | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/f2bb7042-3450-4a34-9c90-7ba571c2f7e6/full | FAO | At its Thirty-second Session in July 2016, COFI made a number of decisions and recommendations to the Secretariat and Members. This information paper summarizes actions taken, in collaboration with Members and relevant agencies, to address the principal decisions and recommendations directed to the Secretariat. In the attached table, the "Para" coheres with the paragraph number of the report of the Thirty-second Session of COFI (COFI/2018/Inf.6). | ||
| FAO052 | 2017 | Provisional Programme | https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/f1e7b801-9b10-48e6-865d-ae8e1c78a2d1/full | NA | NA | ||
| GFW003,WOS079 | https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.add8125 | Seto, Katherine L.; Miller, Nathan A.; Kroodsma, David; Hanich, Quentin; Miyahara, Masanori; Saito, Rui; Boerder, Kristina; Tsuda, Masaki; Oozeki, Yoshioki; Urrutia, S. Osvaldo | 2023 | Fishing through the cracks: The unregulated nature of global squid fisheries | GFW,WOS | While most research has focused on the legality of global industrial fishing, unregulated fishing has largely escaped scrutiny. Here, we evaluate the unregulated nature of global squid fisheries using AIS data and night-time imagery of the globalized fleet of light-luring squid vessels. We find that this fishery is extensive, fishing 149,000 to 251,000 vessel days annually, and that effort increased 68% over the study period 2017-2020. Most vessels are highly mobile and fish in multiple regions, largely (86%) in unregulated areas. While scientists and policymakers express concerns over the declining abundance of squid stocks globally and regionally, we find a net increase in vessels fishing squid globally and spatial expansion of effort to novel areas. Since fishing effort is static in areas with increasing management, and rising in unmanaged areas, we suggest actors may take advan-tage of fragmented regulations to maximize resource extraction. Our findings highlight a profitable, but largely unregulated fishery, with strong potential for improved management. | |
| GFW004,WOS038 | https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abp8200 | Park, Jaeyoon; Van Osdel, Jennifer; Turner, Joanna; Farthing, Courtney M.; Miller, Nathan A.; Linder, Hannah L.; Crespo, Guillermo Ortuno; Carmine, Gabrielle; Kroodsma, David A. | 2023 | Tracking elusive and shifting identities of the global fishing fleet | GFW,WOS | Illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing costs billions of dollars per year and is enabled by vessels obfuscating their identity. Here, we combine identities of similar to 35,000 vessels with a decade of GPS data to provide a global assessment of fishing compliance, reflagging patterns, and fishing by foreign-owned vessels. About 17% of high seas fishing is by potentially unauthorized or internationally unregulated vessels, with hot spots of this activity in the west Indian and the southwest Atlantic Oceans. In addition, reflagging, a tactic often used to obscure oversight, occurs in just a few ports primarily by fleets with high foreign ownership. Fishing by foreign-owned vessels is concentrated in parts of high seas and certain national waters, often flying flags of convenience. These findings can address the global scope of potential IUU fishing and enable author-ities to improve oversight. | |
| GFW005,WOS034 | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-23688-7 | Kroodsma, David A.; Hochberg, Timothy; Davis, Pete B.; Paolo, Fernando S.; Joo, Rocio; Wong, Brian A. | 2022 | Revealing the global longline fleet with satellite radar | GFW,WOS | Because many vessels use the Automatic Identification System (AIS) to broadcast GPS positions, recent advances in satellite technology have enabled us to map global fishing activity. Understanding of human activity at sea, however, is limited because an unknown number of vessels do not broadcast AIS. Those vessels can be detected by satellite-based Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imagery, but this technology has not yet been deployed at scale to estimate the size of fleets in the open ocean. Here we combine SAR and AIS for large-scale open ocean monitoring, developing methods to match vessels with AIS to vessels detected with SAR and estimate the number of non-broadcasting vessels. We reveal that, between September 2019 and January 2020, non-broadcasting vessels accounted for about 35% of the longline activity north of Madagascar and 10% of activity near French Polynesia and Kiribati's Line Islands. We further demonstrate that this method could monitor half of the global longline activity with about 70 SAR images per week, allowing us to track human activity across the oceans. | |
| GFW006,WOS067 | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109796 | Carneiro, Ana P. B.; Clark, Bethany L.; Pearmain, Elizabeth J.; Clavelle, Tyler; Wood, Andrew G.; Phillips, Richard A. | 2022 | Fine-scale associations between wandering albatrosses and fisheries in the southwest Atlantic Ocean | GFW,WOS | Bycatch is a conservation concern for marine biodiversity, including seabirds. Analyses of spatio-temporal overlap are an important tool for identifying areas and periods where birds are most at risk, but until recently were only possible at coarse scales using aggregated data on fishing effort. Here, we integrated data from loggers that record GPS positions of birds at sea and scan the surroundings to detect vessel-radar transmissions, with the positions of fishing vessels obtained from the automatic identification system, to identify areas, gear types and flag states representing most bycatch risk for wandering albatrosses (Diomedea exulans) of different life-history stages and sexes. We recorded 157 foraging trips of adult breeders, and 34 tracks of sabbatical breeders, 29 immatures and 31 juveniles. Overall, 55 % of birds encountered and 43 % of birds visited fishing vessels (i.e. were within 30 km and 5 km, respectively). Fine-scale overlap was particularly high for breeders during incu-bation and post-guard chick-rearing when birds travelled to the Patagonian Shelf break. Only 23 % of all en-counters involved vessel visits. Our study found the greatest overlap was with set (demersal) longliners, particularly those from South Korea but also including the Falkland Islands, United Kingdom and Chile, and to lower extents, trawlers flagged to Argentina and Uruguay, and drifting (pelagic) longliners flagged to Brazil, Portugal and Taiwan. These fleets vary greatly in terms of bycatch rates. This study highlights the importance of covering the full range of life-history stages, and the advantages of vessel-detecting loggers and fine-scale ana-lyses for improving risk assessments. | |
| GFW010,WOS055 | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-28916-2 | Selig, Elizabeth R.; Nakayama, Shinnosuke; Wabnitz, Colette C. C.; Osterblom, Henrik; Spijkers, Jessica; Miller, Nathan A.; Bebbington, Jan; Sparks, Jessica L. Decker | 2022 | Revealing global risks of labor abuse and illegal, unreported, and unregulated fishing | GFW,WOS | Taking action to reduce risks of labor abuse and illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing in the fishing sector is hindered by a lack of spatially explicit data and an understanding of different drivers of risks. Here the authors combine expert assessments with satellite information to map and quantify risks of labor abuse and IUU fishing at port, at sea and associated with transshipment globally. Labor abuse on fishing vessels and illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing violate human rights, jeopardize food security, and deprive governments of revenues. We applied a multi-method approach, combining new empirical data with satellite information on fishing activities and vessel characteristics to map risks of labor abuse and IUU fishing, understand their relationships, and identify major drivers. Port risks were globally pervasive and often coupled, with 57% of assessed ports associated with labor abuse or IUU fishing. For trips ending in assessed ports, 82% were linked to labor abuse or IUU fishing risks. At-sea risk areas were primarily driven by fishing vessel flags linked to poor control of corruption by the flag state, high ownership by countries other than the flag state, and Chinese-flagged vessels. Transshipment risk areas were related to the gear type of fishing vessels engaged in potential transshipment and carrier vessel flags. Measures at port offer promise for mitigating risks, through the Port State Measures Agreement for IUU fishing, and ensuring sufficient vessel time at port to detect and respond to labor abuse. Our results highlight the need for coordinated action across actors to avoid risk displacement and make progress towards eliminating these socially, environmentally and economically unsustainable practices. | |
| GFW014,WOS010 | https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.13849 | Rachael A. Orben, Josh Adams, Michelle Hester, Scott A. Shaffer, Robert M. Suryan, Tomohiro Deguchi, Kiyoaki Ozaki, Fumio Sato, Lindsay C. Young, Corey Clatterbuck, Melinda G. Conners, David A. Kroodsma, Leigh G. Torres | 2021 | Across borders: External factors and prior behaviour influence North Pacific albatross associations with fishing vessels | GFW,WOS | Understanding encounters between marine predators and fisheries across national borders and outside national jurisdictions offers new perspectives on unwanted interactions to inform ocean management and predator conservation. Although seabird-fisheries overlap has been documented at many scales, remote identification of vessel encounters has lagged because vessel movement data often are lacking. Here, we reveal albatrosses-fisheries associations throughout the North Pacific Ocean. We identified commercial fishing operations using Global Fishing Watch data and algorithms to detect fishing vessels. We compiled GPS tracks of adult black-footed Phoebastria nigripes and Laysan Phoebastria immutabilis albatrosses, and juvenile short-tailed albatrosses Phoebastria albatrus. We quantified albatrosses-vessel encounters based on the assumed distance that birds perceive a vessel (<= 30 km), and associations when birds approached vessels (<= 3 km). For each event we quantified bird behaviour, environmental conditions and vessel characteristics and then applied Boosted Regression Tree models to identify drivers and the duration of these associations. In regions of greater fishing effort short-tailed and Laysan albatrosses associated with fishing vessels more frequently. However, fishing method (e.g. longline, trawl) and flag nation did not influence association prevalence nor the duration short-tailed albatrosses attended fishing vessels. Laysan albatrosses were more likely to approach longer vessels. Black-footed albatrosses were the most likely to approach vessels (61.9%), but limited vessel encounters (n = 21) prevented evaluation of meaningful explanatory models for this species of high bycatch concern. Temporal variables (time of day and month) and bird behavioural state helped explain when short-tailed albatrosses were in close proximity to a vessel, but environmental conditions were more important for explaining interaction duration. Laysan albatrosses were more likely to associate with vessels while searching and during the last 60% (by time) of their trips. Our results provide specific species-fisheries insight regarding contributing factors of high-risk associations that could lead to bycatch of albatrosses within national waters and on the high seas. Policy implications. Given the availability of Global Fishing Watch data, our analysis can be applied to other marine predators-if tracking data are available-to identify spatio-temporal patterns, vessel specific attributes and predator behaviours associated with fishing vessel associations, thus enabling predictive modelling and targeted mitigation measures. | |
| GFW015 | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03371-z | Enric Sala, Juan Mayorga, Darcy Bradley, Reniel B. Cabral, Trisha B. Atwood, Arnaud Auber, William Cheung, Christopher Costello, Francesco Ferretti, Alan M. Friedlander, Steven D. Gaines, Cristina Garilao, Whitney Goodell, Benjamin S. Halpern, Audra Hinson, Kristin Kaschner, Kathleen Kesner-Reyes, Fabien Leprieur, Jennifer McGowan, Lance E. Morgan, David Mouillot, Juliano Palacios-Abrantes, Hugh P. Possingham, Kristin D. Rechberger, Boris Worm & Jane Lubchenco | 2021 | Protecting the global ocean for biodiversity, food and climate | GFW | The ocean contains unique biodiversity, provides valuable food resources and is a major sink for anthropogenic carbon. Marine protected areas (MPAs) are an effective tool for restoring ocean biodiversity and ecosystem services1,2, but at present only 2.7% of the ocean is highly protected3. This low level of ocean protection is due largely to conflicts with fisheries and other extractive uses. To address this issue, here we developed a conservation planning framework to prioritize highly protected MPAs in places that would result in multiple benefits today and in the future. We find that a substantial increase in ocean protection could have triple benefits, by protecting biodiversity, boosting the yield of fisheries and securing marine carbon stocks that are at risk from human activities. Our results show that most coastal nations contain priority areas that can contribute substantially to achieving these three objectives of biodiversity protection, food provision and carbon storage. A globally coordinated effort could be nearly twice as efficient as uncoordinated, national-level conservation planning. Our flexible prioritization framework could help to inform both national marine spatial plans4 and global targets for marine conservation, food security and climate action. | |
| GFW016,WOS097 | https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2016238117 | Gavin G. McDonald, Christopher Costello, Jennifer Bone, Reniel B. Cabral, Valerie Farabee, Timothy Hochberg, David Kroodsma, Tracey Mangin, Kyle C. Meng, Oliver Zahn | 2020 | Satellites can reveal global extent of forced labor in the world’s fishing fleet | GFW,WOS | While forced labor in the world's fishing fleet has been widely documented, its extent remains unknown. No methods previously existed for remotely identifying individual fishing vessels potentially engaged in these abuses on a global scale. By combining expertise from human rights practitioners and satellite vessel monitoring data, we show that vessels reported to use forced labor behave in systematically different ways from other vessels. We exploit this insight by using machine learning to identify high-risk vessels from among 16,000 industrial longliner, squid jigger, and trawler fishing vessels. Our model reveals that between 14% and 26% of vessels were high-risk, and also reveals patterns of where these vessels fished and which ports they visited. Between 57,000 and 100,000 individuals worked on these vessels, many of whom may have been forced labor victims. This information provides unprecedented opportunities for novel interventions to combat this humanitarian tragedy. More broadly, this research demonstrates a proof of concept for using remote sensing to detect forced labor abuses. | |
| GFW017,WOS051 | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oneear.2020.11.017 | Gabrielle Carmine, Juan Mayorga, Nathan A. Miller, Jaeyoon Park, Patrick N. Halpin, Guillermo Ortuno Crespo, Henrik Osterblom, Enric Sala, Jennifer Jacquet | 2020 | Who is the high seas fishing industry? | GFW,WOS | #N/A | |
| GFW019,GS018,WOS085 | https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.13584 | White, Timothy D.; Ong, Tiffany; Ferretti, Francesco; Block, Barbara A.; McCauley, Douglas J.; Micheli, Fiorenza; De Leo, Giulio A. | 2020 | Tracking the response of industrial fishing fleets to large marine protected areas in the Pacific Ocean | GFW,GS,WOS | Large marine protected areas (MPAs) of unprecedented size have recently been established across the global oceans, yet their ability to meet conservation objectives is debated. Key areas of debate include uncertainty over nations' abilities to enforce fishing bans across vast, remote regions and the intensity of human impacts before and after MPA implementation. We used a recently developed vessel tracking data set (produced using Automatic Identification System detections) to quantify the response of industrial fishing fleets to 5 of the largest MPAs established in the Pacific Ocean since 2013. After their implementation, all 5 MPAs successfully kept industrial fishing effort exceptionally low. Detected fishing effort was already low in 4 of the 5 large MPAs prior to MPA implementation, particularly relative to nearby regions that did not receive formal protection. Our results suggest that these large MPAs may present major conservation opportunities in relatively intact ecosystems with low immediate impact to industrial fisheries, but the large MPAs we considered often did not significantly reduce fishing effort because baseline fishing was typically low. It is yet to be determined how large MPAs may shape global ocean conservation in the future if the footprint of human influence continues to expand. Continued improvement in understanding of how large MPAs interact with industrial fisheries is a crucial step toward defining their role in global ocean management. | |
| GFW020 | https://doi.org/10.1007/s11625-020-00865-z | Christopher Costello, Katherine Millage, Sabrina Eisenbarth, Elsa Galarza, Gakushi Ishimura, Laura Lea Rubino, Vienna Saccomanno, U. Rashid Sumaila & Kent Strauss | 2020 | Ambitious subsidy reform by the WTO presents opportunities for ocean health restoration | GFW | The World Trade Organization (WTO) is in a unique position to deliver on Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 14.6 by reforming global fisheries subsidies in 2020. Yet, a number of unanswered questions threaten to inhibit WTO delegates from crafting a smart agreement that improves global fisheries health. We combine global data on industrial fishing activity, subsidies, and stock assessments to show that: (1) subsidies prop up fishing effort all across the world’s ocean and (2) larger subsidies tend to occur in fisheries that are poorly managed. When combined, this evidence suggests that subsidy reform could have geographically-extensive consequences for many of the world’s largest fisheries. While much work remains to establish causality and make quantitative predictions, this evidence informs the rapidly-evolving policy debate and we conclude with actionable policy suggestions. | |
| GFW022,WOS036 | https://doi.org/10.1038/s43016-020-0121-y | Tony Long, Sjarief Widjaja, Hassan Wirajuda, Stephanie Juwana | 2020 | Approaches to combatting illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing | GFW,WOS | Poor ocean governance enables illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing with negative impacts on seafood value chains, environment, society and global food security. A new Blue Paper outlines strategies - based on transparency and international cooperation - that could turn the tide on IUU fishing practices. | |
| GFW023 | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2020.103927 | Morgan E. Visalli, Benjamin D. Best, Reniel B. Cabral, William W.L. Cheung, Nichola A. Clark, Cristina Garilao, Kristin Kaschner, Kathleen Kesner-Reyes, Vicky W., Y. Lam, Sara M. Maxwell, Juan Mayorga, Holly V. Moeller, Lance Morgan, Guillermo Ortuno Crespo, Malin L. Pinsky, Timothy D. White, Douglas J. McCauley | 2020 | Data-driven approach for highlighting priority areas for protection in marine areas beyond national jurisdiction | GFW | One of the aims of the United Nations (UN) negotiations on the conservation and sustainable use of marine biodiversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction (ABNJ) is to develop a legal process for the establishment of area-based management tools, including marine protected areas, in ABNJ. Here we use a conservation planning algorithm to integrate 55 global data layers on ABNJ species diversity, habitat heterogeneity, benthic features, productivity, and fishing as a means for highlighting priority regions in ABNJ to be considered for spatial protection. We also include information on forecasted species distributions under climate change. We found that parameterizing the planning algorithm to protect at least 30% of these key ABNJ conservation features, while avoiding areas of high fishing effort, yielded a solution that highlights 52,545,634 km2 (23.7%) of ABNJ as high priority regions for protection. Instructing the planning model to avoid ABNJ areas with high fishing effort resulted in relatively minor shifts in the planning solution, when compared to a separate model that did not consider fishing effort. Integrating information on climate change had a similarly minor influence on the planning solution, suggesting that climate-informed ABNJ protected areas may be able to protect biodiversity now and in the future. This globally standardized, data-driven process for identifying priority ABNJ regions for protection serves as a valuable complement to other expert-driven processes underway to highlight ecologically or biologically significant ABNJ regions. Both the outputs and methods exhibited in this analysis can additively inform UN decision-making concerning establishment of ABNJ protected areas. | |
| GFW024 | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41893-019-0459-z | Villaseñor-Derbez J.C., Lynham J., Costello C | 2020 | Environmental market design for large-scale marine conservation | GFW | It is commonly agreed that marine conservation should expand considerably around the world. However, most countries have not yet implemented large-scale no-take Marine Protected Areas (MPAs). When a country closes a large fraction of its waters to fishing, it stands to lose a considerable level of fishery revenue. Although biodiversity and spillover fishing benefits may far exceed these losses, benefits from large-scale MPAs typically accrue to other countries or to the high seas. Here, to overcome this dilemma, we simulate and test an international fisheries management scheme with transferable fishing rights that incentivizes, rather than hinders, large-scale marine conservation. By combining a bioeconomic model of cross-country trading of fishing rights with vessel-level tracking data before and after a large-scale conservation action is implemented, we show that transferable fishing rights and a biomass-based allocation rule are pivotal to incentivize conservation under this market-based setting. Our work focuses on the Vessel Day Scheme (VDS)—an environmental market that is employed by the Parties to the Nauru Agreement (a group of nine Pacific Island nations) to manage their tuna fisheries—and areas in which large-scale conservation interventions have taken place. Overall, these results provide a template for how to incentivize countries to engage in large-scale marine conservation within a market-based setting. | |
| GFW025 | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-14588-3 | John Lynham, Anton Nikolaev, Jennifer Raynor, Thaís Vilela, Juan Carlos Villaseñor-Derbez | 2020 | Impact of two of the world's largest protected areas on longline fishery catch rates | GFW | Two of the largest protected areas on earth are U.S. National Monuments in the Pacific Ocean. Numerous claims have been made about the impacts of these protected areas on the fishing industry, but there has been no ex post empirical evaluation of their effects. We use administrative data documenting individual fishing events to evaluate the economic impact of the expansion of these two monuments on the Hawaii longline fishing fleet. Surprisingly, catch and catch-per-unit-effort are higher since the expansions began. To disentangle the causal effect of the expansions from confounding factors, we use unaffected control fisheries to perform a difference-in-differences analysis. We find that the monument expansions had little, if any, negative impacts on the fishing industry, corroborating ecological models that have predicted minimal impacts from closing large parts of the Pacific Ocean to fishing. | |
| GFW028,WOS092 | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41893-019-0389-9 | Gabriel Englander | 2019 | Property rights and the protection of global marine resources | GFW,WOS | Managing global marine resources by assigning property rights could align economic and conservation incentives, but only if unauthorized resource use is deterred. Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZs) are country-level property rights to marine resources, covering approximately 39% of the ocean's surface and accounting for more than 95% of global marine fish catch. However, EEZs might not be respected by unauthorized resource users because the cost of monitoring and enforcing such large areas may be prohibitive. Here we provide the first evidence that EEZs are in fact respected by unauthorized resource users. Using global, high-resolution fishing effort datasets and the ecologically arbitrary boundaries between EEZs and the high seas, we find that unauthorized foreign fishing is 81% lower just inside EEZs compared to just outside. Consistent with the high cost of enforcing EEZ boundaries, this deterrence effect is concentrated in EEZs that are most valuable near their boundaries. Our results suggest that property rights institutions can enable effective governance of global marine resource use. | |
| GFW032,WOS049 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11090995 | Hsu, Feng-Chi; Elvidge, Christopher D.; Baugh, Kimberly; Zhizhin, Mikhail; Ghosh, Tilottama; Kroodsma, David; Susanto, Adi; Budy, Wiryawan; Riyanto, Mochammad; Nurzeha, Ridwan; Sudarja, Yeppi | 2019 | Cross-Matching VIIRS Boat Detections with Vessel Monitoring System Tracks in Indonesia | GFW,WOS | A methodology had been proposed for cross-matching visible infrared imaging radiometer suite (VIIRS) boat detections (VBD) with vessel monitoring system (VMS) tracks. The process involves predicting the probable location of VMS vessels at the time of each VIIRS data collection with an orbital model. Thirty-two months of Indonesian VMS data was segmented into fishing and transit activity types and then cross-matched with the VBD record. If a VBD record is found within 700 m and 5 s of the predicted location, it is marked as a match. The cross-matching indicates that 96% of the matches occur while the vessel is fishing. Small pelagic purse seiners account for 27% of the matches. Other gear types with high match rates include hand line tuna, squid dip net, squid jigging, and large pelagic purse seiners. Low match rates were found for gillnet, trawlers, and long line tuna. There is an indication that VMS vessels using submersible lights can be identified based on consistently low average radiances and match rates under 45%. Overall, VBD numbers exceed VMS vessel numbers in Indonesia by a nine to one ratio, indicating that VIIRS detects large numbers of fishing boats under the 30 Gross Tonnage (GT) level set for the VMS requirement. The cross-matching could be used to identify dark vessels that lack automatic identification system (AIS) or VMS. | |
| GFW033,WOS082 | https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aau3761 | White, Timothy D.; Ferretti, Francesco; Kroodsma, David A.; Hazen, Elliott L.; Carlisle, Aaron B.; Scales, Kylie L.; Bograd, Steven J.; Block, Barbara A. | 2019 | Predicted hotspots of overlap between highly migratory fishes and industrial fishing fleets in the northeast Pacific | GFW,WOS | Many species of sharks and some tunas are threatened by overexploitation, yet the degree of overlap between industrial fisheries and pelagic fishes remains poorly understood. Using satellite tracks from 933 industrial fishing vessels and predictive habitat models from 876 electronic tags deployed on seven shark and tuna species, we developed fishing effort maps across the northeast Pacific Ocean and assessed overlap with core habitats of pelagic fishes. Up to 35% of species' core habitats overlapped with fishing effort. We identified overlap hotspots along the North American shelf, the equatorial Pacific, and the subtropical gyre. Results indicate where species require international conservation efforts and effective management within national waters. Only five national fleets (Mexico, Taiwan, China, Japan, and the United States) account for > 90% of overlap with core habitats of our focal sharks and tunas on the high seas. These results inform global negotiations to achieve sustainability on the high seas. | |
| GFW034 | https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aau0561 | Manuel Dureuil, Kristina Boerder, Kirsti A. Burnett, Rainer Froese, Boris Worm | 2018 | Elevated trawling inside protected areas undermines conservation outcomes in a global fishing hot spot | GFW | Marine protected areas (MPAs) are increasingly used as a primary tool to conserve biodiversity. This is particularly relevant in heavily exploited fisheries hot spots such as Europe, where MPAs now cover 29% of territorial waters, with unknown effects on fishing pressure and conservation outcomes. We investigated industrial trawl fishing and sensitive indicator species in and around 727 MPAs designated by the European Union. We found that 59% of MPAs are commercially trawled, and average trawling intensity across MPAs is at least 1.4-fold higher as compared with nonprotected areas. Abundance of sensitive species (sharks, rays, and skates) decreased by 69% in heavily trawled areas. The widespread industrial exploitation of MPAs undermines global biodiversity conservation targets, elevating recent concerns about growing human pressures on protected areas worldwide. | |
| GFW035 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0201640 | Jessica H. Ford, David Peel, David Kroodsma, Britta Denise Hardesty, Uwe Rosebrock, Chris Wilcox | 2018 | Detecting suspicious activities at sea based on anomalies in Automatic Identification Systems transmissions | GFW | Automatic Identification Systems (AIS) are a standard feature of ocean-going vessels, designed to allow vessels to notify each other of their position and route, to reduce collisions. Increasingly, the system is being used to monitor vessels remotely, particularly with the advent of satellite receivers. One fundamental problem with AIS transmission is the issue of gaps in transmissions. Gaps occur for three basic reasons: 1) saturation of the system in locations with high vessel density; 2) poor quality transmissions due to equipment on the vessel or receiver; and 3) intentional disabling of AIS transmitters. Resolving which of these mechanisms is responsible for generating gaps in transmissions from a given vessel is a critical task in using AIS to remotely monitor vessels. Moreover, separating saturation and equipment issues from intentional disabling is a key issue, as intentional disabling is a useful risk factor in predicting illicit behaviors such as illegal fishing. We describe a spatial statistical model developed to identify gaps in AIS transmission, which allows calculation of the probability that a given gap is due to intentional disabling. The model we developed successfully identifies high risk gaps in the test case example in the Arafura Sea. Simulations support that the model is sensitive to frequent gaps as short as one hour. Results in this case study area indicate expected high risk vessels were ranked highly for risk of intentional disabling of AIS transmitters. We discuss our findings in the context of improving enforcement opportunities to reduce illicit activities at sea. | |
| GFW036 | https://doi.org/10.1111/conl.12610 | Darcy Bradley, Juan Mayorga, Douglas J. McCauley, Reniel B. Cabral, Patric Douglas, Steven D. Gaines | 2018 | Leveraging satellite technology to create true shark sanctuaries | GFW | Shark sanctuaries are an ambitious attempt to protect huge areas of ocean space to curtail overfishing of sharks. If shark sanctuaries are to succeed, effective surveillance and enforcement is urgently needed. We use a case study with a high level of illegal shark fishing within a shark sanctuary to help motivate three actionable opportunities to create truly effective shark sanctuaries by leveraging satellite technology: (1) require vessel tracking systems; (2) partner with international research organizations; and (3) ban vessels previously associated with illegal fishing from shark sanctuaries. Sustaining the level of fishing mortality observed in our case study would lead even a healthy shark population to collapse to <10% of its unfished state in fewer than five years. We outline implementations pathways and provide a roadmap to pair new and emerging satellite technologies with existing international agreements to offer new hope for shark conservation successes globally. | |
| GFW037 | https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1802862115 | Grant R. McDermott, Kyle C. Meng, Gavin G. McDonald, Christopher J. Costello | 2018 | The blue paradox: Preemptive overfishing in marine reserves | GFW | Most large-scale conservation policies are anticipated or announced in advance. This risks the possibility of preemptive resource extraction before the conservation intervention goes into force. We use a high-resolution dataset of satellite-based fishing activity to show that anticipation of an impending no-take marine reserve undermines the policy by triggering an unintended race-to-fish. We study one of the world’s largest marine reserves, the Phoenix Islands Protected Area (PIPA), and find that fishers more than doubled their fishing effort once this area was earmarked for eventual protected status. The additional fishing effort resulted in an impoverished starting point for PIPA equivalent to 1.5 y of banned fishing. Extrapolating this behavior globally, we estimate that if other marine reserve announcements were to trigger similar preemptive fishing, this could temporarily increase the share of overextracted fisheries from 65% to 72%. Our findings have implications for general conservation efforts as well as the methods that scientists use to monitor and evaluate policy efficacy | |
| GFW038,WOS054 | https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aat7789 | David A. Kroodsma, Juan Mayorga, Timothy Hochberg, Nathan A. Miller, Kristina Boerder, Francesco Ferretti, Alex Wilson, Bjorn Bergman, Timothy D. White, Barbara A. Block, Paul Woods, Brian Sullivan, Christopher Costello, Boris Worm | 2018 | Response to Comment on “Tracking the global footprint of fisheries” | GFW,WOS | Amoroso et al. demonstrate the power of our data by estimating the high-resolution trawling footprint on seafloor habitat. Yet we argue that a coarser grid is required to understand full ecosystem impacts. Vessel tracking data allow us to estimate the footprint of human activities across a variety of scales, and the proper scale depends on the specific impact being investigated. | |
| GFW039 | https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aat3681 | Guillermo Ortuño Crespo, Daniel C. Dunn, Gabriel Reygondeau, Kristina Boerder, Boris Worm, William Cheung, Derek P. Tittensor, Patrick N. Halpin | 2018 | The environmental niche of the global high seas pelagic longline fleet | GFW | International interest in the protection and sustainable use of high seas biodiversity has grown in recent years. There is an opportunity for new technologies to enable improvements in management of these areas beyond national jurisdiction. We explore the spatial ecology and drivers of the global distribution of the high seas longline fishing fleet by creating predictive models of the distribution of fishing effort from newly available automatic identification system (AIS) data. Our results show how longline fishing effort can be predicted using environmental variables, many related to the expected distribution of the species targeted by longliners. We also find that the longline fleet has seasonal environmental preferences (for example, increased importance of cooler surface waters during boreal summer) and may only be using 38 to 64% of the available environmentally suitable fishing habitat. Possible explanations include misclassification of fishing effort, incomplete AIS coverage, or how potential range contractions of pelagic species may have reduced the abundance of fishing habitats in the open ocean. | |
| GFW041 | https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aat7159 | Kristina Boerder, Nathan A. Miller, Boris Worm | 2018 | Global hot spots of transshipment of fish catch at sea | GFW | A major challenge in global fisheries is posed by transshipment of catch at sea from fishing vessels to refrigerated cargo vessels, which can obscure the origin of the catch and mask illicit practices. Transshipment remains poorly quantified at a global scale, as much of it is thought to occur outside of national waters. We used Automatic Identification System (AIS) vessel tracking data to quantify spatial patterns of transshipment for major fisheries and gear types. From 2012 to 2017, we observed 10,510 likely transshipment events, with trawlers (53%) and longliners (21%) involved in a majority of cases. Trawlers tended to transship in national waters, whereas longliners did so predominantly on the high seas. Spatial hot spots were seen off the coasts of Russia and West Africa, in the South Indian Ocean, and in the equatorial Pacific Ocean. Our study highlights novel ways to trace seafood supply chains and identifies priority areas for improved trade regulation and fisheries management at the global scale. | |
| GFW042,WOS014 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2018.00240 | Miller, Nathan A.; Roan, Aaron; Hochberg, Timothy; Amos, John; Kroodsma, David A. | 2018 | Identifying Global Patterns of Transshipment Behavior | GFW,WOS | Transshipment at sea, the offloading of catch from a fishing vessel to a refrigerated vessel far from port, can obscure the actual source of the catch, complicating sustainable fisheries management, and may allow illegally caught fish to enter the legitimate seafood market. Transshipment activities often occur in regions of unclear jurisdiction where policymakers or enforcement agencies may be slow to act against a challenge they cannot see. To address this limitation, we processed 32 billion Automatic Identification System (AIS) messages from ocean-going vessels from 2012 to the end of 2017 and identified and tracked 694 cargo vessels capable of transshipping at sea and transporting fish (referred to as transshipment vessels). We mapped 46,570 instances where these vessels loitered at sea long enough to receive a transshipment and 10,233 instances where we see a fishing vessel near a loitering transshipment vessel long enough to engage in transshipment. We found transshipment behaviors associated with regions and flag states exhibiting limited oversight; roughly 47% of the events occur on the high seas and 42% involve vessels flying flags of convenience. Transshipment behavior in the high seas is relatively common, with vessels responsible for 40% of the fishing in the high seas having at least one encounter with a transshipment vessel in this time period. Our analysis reveals that addressing the sustainability and human rights challenges (slavery, trafficking, bonded labor) associated with transshipment at sea will require a global perspective and transnational cooperation. | |
| GFW043,WOS059 | https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aat2504 | Sala, Enric; Mayorga, Juan; Costello, Christopher; Kroodsma, David; Palomares, Maria L. D.; Pauly, Daniel; Rashid Sumaila, U.; Zeller, Dirk | 2018 | The economics of fishing the high seas | GFW,WOS | While the ecological impacts of fishing the waters beyond national jurisdiction (the "high seas") have been widely studied, the economic rationale is more difficult to ascertain because of scarce data on the costs and revenues of the fleets that fish there. Newly compiled satellite data and machine learning now allow us to track individual fishing vessels on the high seas in near real time. These technological advances help us quantify high-seas fishing effort, costs, and benefits, and assess whether, where, and when high-seas fishing makes economic sense. We characterize the global high-seas fishing fleet and report the economic benefits of fishing the high seas globally, nationally, and at the scale of individual fleets. Our results suggest that fishing at the current scale is enabled by large government subsidies, without which as much as 54% of the present high-seas fishing grounds would be unprofitable at current fishing rates. The patterns of fishing profitability vary widely between countries, types of fishing, and distance to port. Deep-sea bottom trawling often produces net economic benefits only thanks to subsidies, and much fishing by the world's largest fishing fleets would largely be unprofitable without subsidies and low labor costs. These results support recent calls for subsidy and fishery management reforms on the high seas. | |
| GFW044,GS014,WOS078 | https://doi.org/10.1111/faf.12285 | Dunn DC,Jablonicky C,Crespo GO,McCauley DJ,Kroodsma DA,Boerder K,Gjerde KM,Halpin PN | 2018 | Empowering high seas governance with satellite vessel tracking data | GFW,GS,WOS | Between 1950 and 1989, marine fisheries catch in the open-ocean and deep-sea beyond 200 nautical miles from shore increased by a factor of more than 10. While high seas catches have since plateaued, fishing effort continues to increase linearly. The combination of increasing effort and illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing has led to overfishing of target stocks and declines in biodiversity. To improve management, there have been numerous calls to increase monitoring, control and surveillance (MCS). However, MCS has been unevenly implemented, undermining efforts to sustainably use high seas and straddling stocks and protect associated species and ecosystems. The United Nations General Assembly is currently negotiating a new international treaty for the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity beyond national jurisdiction (BBNJ). The new treaty offers an excellent opportunity to address discrepancies in how MCS is applied across regional fisheries management organizations (RFMOs). This paper identifies ways that automatic identification system (AIS) data can inform MCS on the high seas and thereby enhance conservation and management of biodiversity beyond national jurisdictions. AIS data can be used to (i) identify gaps in governance to underpin the importance of a holistic scope for the new agreement; (ii) monitor area-based management tools; and (iii) increase the capacity of countries and RFMOs to manage via the technology transfer. Any new BBNJ treaty should emphasize MCS and the role of electronic monitoring including the use of AIS data, as well as government-industry-civil society partnerships to ensure critically important technology transfer and capacity building. | |
| GFW045 | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-018-0499-1 | Cabral R.B., Mayorga J., Clemence M. et al. | 2018 | Rapid and lasting gains from solving illegal fishing | GFW | Perhaps the greatest challenge facing global fisheries is that recovery often requires substantial short-term reductions in fishing effort, catches and profits. These costs can be onerous and are borne in the present; thus, many countries are unwilling to undertake such socially and politically unpopular actions. We argue that many nations can recover their fisheries while avoiding these short-term costs by sharply addressing illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing. This can spur fishery recovery, often at little or no cost to local economies or food provision. Indonesia recently implemented aggressive policies to curtail the high levels of IUU fishing it experiences from foreign-flagged vessels. We show that Indonesia’s policies have reduced total fishing effort by at least 25%, illustrating with empirical evidence the possibility of achieving fishery reform without short-term losses to the local fishery economy. Compared with using typical management reforms that would require a 15% reduction in catch and 16% reduction in profit, the approach of curtailing IUU has the potential to generate a 14% increase in catch and a 12% increase in profit. Applying this model globally, we find that addressing IUU fishing could facilitate similar rapid, long-lasting fisheries gains in many regions of the world. | |
| GFW046,WOS037 | https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aao5646 | Kroodsma, David A.; Mayorga, Juan; Hochberg, Timothy; Miller, Nathan A.; Boerder, Kristina; Ferretti, Francesco; Wilson, Alex; Bergman, Bjorn; White, Timothy D.; Block, Barbara A.; Woods, Paul; Sullivan, Brian; Costello, Christopher; Worm, Boris | 2018 | Tracking the global footprint of fisheries | GFW,WOS | Amoroso et al. demonstrate the power of our data by estimating the high-resolution trawling footprint on seafloor habitat. Yet we argue that a coarser grid is required to understand full ecosystem impacts. Vessel tracking data allow us to estimate the footprint of human activities across a variety of scales, and the proper scale depends on the specific impact being investigated. | |
| GFW047 | https://globalfishingwatch.org/wp-content/uploads/GlobalViewOfTransshipment_Aug2017.pdf | Kroodsma D.A., Miller N.A., Roan A. | 2017 | The Global View of Transshipment: Revised Preliminary Findings. Global Fishing Watch, SkyTruth | GFW | Transshipment at sea, the offloading of catch from a fishing vessel to a refrigerated cargo vessel far from port, obscures the actual source of the catch and is a significant pathway for illegally caught fish to enter the legitimate seafood market. Occurring out of sight and over the horizon, the practice enables other nefarious activity, ranging from smuggling to human trafficking. Increasing the transparency of transshipment could improve fisheries management and reduce human rights abuses. To address this gap in transparency, SkyTruth and Global Fishing Watch analyzed over 21 billion positional Automatic Identification System (AIS) messages from ocean-going vessels between 2012 and July 2017, and we identified and tracked 641 vessels with refrigerated cargo holds (“reefers”) capable of transshipping at sea and transporting fish. We mapped 71,468 instances where these vessels loitered at sea long enough to receive a transshipment, events that we call “potential rendezvous,” and 5,783 instances where we see a fishing vessel near a loitering transshipment vessel long enough to engage in transshipment. We call those “likely rendezvous.” We considered only events that occurred at sea, ignoring transshipments at port, which are generally less of a management challenge. Our key findings include: 1.AIS can be used to monitor transshipment behavior. Because almost all transshipment vessels are equipped with AIS and keep their devices turned on most of the time, we can create a map showing where and when these vessels exhibit behavior consistent with transshipment. Also, for a portion of these events, the fishing vessels meeting with transshipment vessels use AIS as well, and we can identify both vessels. The result is a first-ever global footprint of transshipments at sea. AIS also allows us to track which ports these transshipment vessels visit following likely and potential rendezvous, adding another layer of transparency. 2.Transshipment behaviors are associated with patterns of illegal, unreported, or unregulated fishing (IUU). In many countries with comparatively high levels of fisheries management, such as in North America and Europe, we see relatively little transshipment behavior. In general, we find that transshipment is more common in regions with a high proportion of IUU fishing, and we find interesting patterns of rendezvous clustering along the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) boundaries of some countries. These correlations do not provide definitive proof of specific illegal behavior, but they raise important questions to be addressed by further investigation. 3.Addressing transshipment will require global cooperation. About 42 percent of the likely and potential rendezvous occur on the high seas, an area that by definition requires international cooperation to manage. An analysis of the flags flown by vessels engaged in transshipment behavior shows a complicated web of relationships. Forty percent of the potential and likely rendezvous are by vessels flying flags of convenience, meaning they are registered in a country with minimal regulation and oversight. Apart from Russian transshipment vessels, which typically only meet up with Russian fishing vessels, we see likely rendezvous between vessels from a diverse range of nations and flag states. Finally, an analysis of transshipment vessel voyages shows that some vessels travel the entire globe, transferring catch literally around the world. All of these facts point to the management challenge of transshipment: managing it will require the cooperation of many nations. In this revised report, we share these findings and suggest the next steps to address the transnational challenge that transshipments represent. We cover: -Methodology for creating a global transshipment dataset; - Relationships between transshipment and IUU; - Patterns of transshipment in strategic locations along EEZ boundaries; - Ports that transshipment vessels visit after likely rendezvous; - Flag states involved in transshipment behavior; - Two case studies of transshipment vessel behavior; - Next steps: New Data, Analyses, and Partnerships. Our list of likely and suspected rendezvous is now published on our website, globalfishingwatch.org. These data are available to the broader community to better understand transshipments and improve the transparency of this industry. Later this year we will also publish much of the code used to generate these data. A note on this revised report: This report is an updated version of a report released by Global Fishing Watch and SkyTruth in February of 2017. We have since received feedback from the wider community, which we have incorporated into revisions of our dataset and the figures in this report. Notable updates include: - Our original report referred to "potential transshipments" and "likely transshipments." We have substituted these labels with "potential rendezvous" and "likely rendezvous" to accommodate readers who believed using "transshipment" was too definitive. Our new language better allows for the possibility that rendezvous may represent something other than transshipment, as vessels may meet at sea for a number of reasons; - More than 300 vessels were flagged by our readers as being potentially unable to transship at sea. We reviewed each of these vessels, one by one, and while we found 111 were capable of transshipment at sea, 216 vessels from our original list are likely only capable of transshipping in port. These 216 vessels have been removed from our database. In our original report, these vessels accounted for 0.3% and 7.1% of likely and potential transshipments respectively. Although this new analysis shows they were unlikely to have engaged in transshipment, the overall patterns of transshipment behavior on a global scale remain unchanged from our original report; - Additions: We have added 97 new transshipment vessels to our database and extended our analysis of both potential and likely rendezvous through June 23 of 2017 (original analysis ran through December 31st of 2016), identifying an additional 699 likely rendezvous. | |
| GFW048 | https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000246839_eng | Kroodsma D.A., Sullivan B. | 2016 | Protecting Marine World Heritage from space | GFW | #N/A | |
| GFW049,WOS106 | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2017.01.009 | White, Timothy D.; Carlisle, Aaron B.; Kroodsma, David A.; Block, Barbara A.; Casagrandi, Renato; De Leo, Giulio A.; Gatto, Marino; Michell, Fiorenza; McCauley, Douglas J. | 2017 | Assessing the effectiveness of a large marine protected area for reef shark conservation | GFW,WOS | Large marine protected areas (MPAs) have recently been established throughout the world at an unprecedented pace, yet the value of these reserves for mobile species conservation remains unclear. Reef shark populations continue to decline even within some of the largest MPAs, fueling unresolved debates over the ability of protected areas to aid mobile species that transit beyond MPA boundaries. We assessed the capacity of a large MPA to conserve grey reef sharks - a Near Threatened species with a widespread distribution and poorly understood offshore movement patterns - using a combination of conventional tags, satellite tags, and an emerging vessel tracking technology. We found that the 54,000 km(2) U.S. Palmyra Atoll National Wildlife Refuge in the central Pacific Ocean provides substantial protection for grey reef sharks, as two-thirds of satellite-tracked sharks remained within MPA boundaries for the entire study duration. Additionally, our analysis of >0.5 million satellite detections of commercial fishing Vessels identified virtually no fishing effort within the refuge and significant effort beyond the MPA perimeter, suggesting that large MPAs can effectively benefit reef sharks and other mobile species if properly enforced. However, our results also highlight limitations of place-based conservation as some of these reef-associated sharks moved surprising distances into pelagic waters (up to 926 km from Palmyra Atoll, 810 km beyond MPA boundaries). Small-scale fishermen operating beyond MPA boundaries (up to 366 km from Palmyra) captured 2% of sharks that were initially tagged at Palmyra, indicating that large MPAs provide substantial, though incomplete, protection for reef sharks. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. | |
| GFW050,GS015 | https://nereusprogram.org/works/policy-brief-satellite-tracking-to-monitor-area-based-management-tools-identify-governance-gaps-in-fisheries-beyond-national-jurisdiction/ | Caroline Jablonicky, Doug McCauley, David Kroodsma, Kristina Boerder, Daniel Dunn | 2016 | Satellite tracking to monitor area-based management tools & identify governance gaps in fisheries beyond national jurisdiction | GFW,GS | #N/A | |
| GFW051,GS043 | http://dx.doi.org/10.5343/bms.2015.1034 | Robards MD,Silber GK,Adams JD,Arroyo J,Lorenzini D,Schwehr K,Amos J | 2016 | Conservation science and policy applications of the marine vessel Automatic Identification System (AIS)—a review | GFW,GS | The continued development of maritime transportation around the world, and increased recognition of the direct and indirect impacts of vessel activities to marine resources, has prompted interest in better understanding vessel operations and their effects on the environment. Such an understanding has been facilitated by Automatic Identification Systems (AIS), a mandatory vessel communication and navigational safety system that was adopted by the International Maritime Organization in 2000 for use in collision avoidance, coastal surveillance, and traffic management. AIS is an effective tool for accomplishing navigational safety goals, and by doing so, can provide critical pre-emptive maritime safety benefits, but also provides a data opportunity with which to understand and help mitigate the impacts of maritime traffic on the marine environment and wildlife. However, AIS was not designed with research or conservation planning in mind, leading to significant challenges in fully benefiting from use of the data for these purposes. We review present experiences using AIS data for strategic conservation applications, and then focus on efforts to ensure archived and real-time AIS data for key variables reflect the best available science (of known limitations and biases). We finish with a suite of recommendations for users of the data and for policy makers. | |
| GFW052 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0158248 | Erico N. de Souza, Kristina Boerder, Stan Matwin, Boris Worm | 2016 | Improving Fishing Pattern Detection from Satellite AIS Using Data Mining and Machine Learning | GFW | A key challenge in contemporary ecology and conservation is the accurate tracking of the spatial distribution of various human impacts, such as fishing. While coastal fisheries in national waters are closely monitored in some countries, existing maps of fishing effort elsewhere are fraught with uncertainty, especially in remote areas and the High Seas. Better understanding of the behavior of the global fishing fleets is required in order to prioritize and enforce fisheries management and conservation measures worldwide. Satellite-based Automatic Information Systems (S-AIS) are now commonly installed on most ocean-going vessels and have been proposed as a novel tool to explore the movements of fishing fleets in near real time. Here we present approaches to identify fishing activity from S-AIS data for three dominant fishing gear types: trawl, longline and purse seine. Using a large dataset containing worldwide fishing vessel tracks from 2011–2015, we developed three methods to detect and map fishing activities: for trawlers we produced a Hidden Markov Model (HMM) using vessel speed as observation variable. For longliners we have designed a Data Mining (DM) approach using an algorithm inspired from studies on animal movement. For purse seiners a multi-layered filtering strategy based on vessel speed and operation time was implemented. Validation against expert-labeled datasets showed average detection accuracies of 83% for trawler and longliner, and 97% for purse seiner. Our study represents the first comprehensive approach to detect and identify potential fishing behavior for three major gear types operating on a global scale. We hope that this work will enable new efforts to assess the spatial and temporal distribution of global fishing effort and make global fisheries activities transparent to ocean scientists, managers and the public. | |
| GFW053 | https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aad5686 | Douglas J. McCauley , Paul Woods, Brian Sullivan, Bjorn Bergman, Caroline Jablonicky, Aaron Roan, Michael Hirshfield, Kristina Boerder, Boris Worm | 2016 | Ending hide and seek at sea | GFW | The ocean remains the least observed part of our planet. This deficiency was made obvious by two recent developments in ocean governance: the emerging global movement to create massive marine protected areas (MPAs) (1) and a new commitment by the United Nations (UN) to develop a legally binding treaty to better manage high-seas biodiversity (2). Both policy goals cause us to confront whether it is meaningful to legislate change in ocean areas that we have little capacity to observe transparently. Correspondingly, there has been a surge in interest in the potential of publicly accessible data from automatic ship identification systems (AIS) to fill gaps in ocean observation. We demonstrate how AIS data can be used to empower and propel forward a new era of spatially ambitious marine governance and research. The value of AIS, however, is inextricably linked to the strength of policies by which it is backed. | |
| GS001 | Nugent J | 2019 | Citizen Science: Collaborative Science Projects You Can Join: Global Fishing Watch | GS | #N/A | ||
| GS002 | de Vos A,Emmert S,Watch GF | NA | Potential application of Automatic Identification System (AIS) data extracted from a public platform to monitor ship-strike of whales | GS | #N/A | ||
| GS003 | Malarky L,Lowell B | 2018 | Avoiding detection: Global case studies of possible AIS avoidance | GS | Oceana highlighted cases of commercial fishing vessels “going dark” to public tracking systems around the world. Despite the associated safety benefits for vessels to use the Automatic Identification System (AIS), a ship’s crew may turn off this public tracking system to hide its location. Global Fishing Watcha (www.globalfishingwatch.org) uses public broadcast data from AIS to track the movement of fishing vessels to determine apparent fishing activity, and Oceana uses the technology to identify potentially suspicious activities at sea. In this report, Oceana identifies events where a ship’s AIS transponder was possibly turned off, which include: • A Panamanian purse seine vessel that seemed to disappear from public tracking systems for 15 days while operating near the border of the Galápagos Marine Reserve. • An Australian longliner that exhibited a pattern of potentially evasive AIS behavior by appearing to disable its AIS near the Heard Island and McDonalds Islands exclusive economic zone and marine reserve on 10 separate occasions during the period of just over one year. • A Spanish trawler that appeared to repeatedly turn off its AIS transponder when approaching the border between Senegal and The Gambia’s national waters over a period of at least one and a half years. • A Spanish purse seiner that appeared to turn off its AIS signal consistently over a seven-month period while operating in the national waters of at least five African countries as well as on the high seas. Proprietary Vessel Monitoring System (VMS) data can complement AIS; however, except for a few countries, VMS data can only be viewed by government or intergovernmental monitoring and enforcement agencies. Oceana is working to help stop illegal fishing, increase transparency at sea, and to require traceability of all seafood. To those ends, Oceana urges governments to require all commercial fishing vessels to be equipped with and continually transmit tamper-resistant AIS technology. These tracking systems are essential for transparency and public accountability of global fishing operations. In addition, they improve maritime safety and can help combat illegal fishing and increase compliance of laws and regulations. | ||
| GS004 | Kerry CR,Exeter OM,Witt MJ | 2022 | Monitoring global fishing activity in proximity to seamounts using automatic identification systems | GS | Seamounts are prominent features of the seafloor that are often located in Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction (ABNJs). Whilst comprehensive biological information is lacking on most of these features, they have been recognised for hosting high biodiversity across multiple trophic levels. Technological advancements have enabled greater exploitation of biological resources further offshore with increasing concern over the long-term impacts of anthropogenic activities on vulnerable distant and deep-sea habitats. Analysis of ex situ vessel tracking technologies such as Automatic Identification Systems (AIS) have enabled spatial patterns of fishing activity to be monitored over large geographical areas. In this study, analysis of fishing activity within 30 km of seamount summits at the global scale found that these features within the waters of the Pacific Island Group and the Mediterranean Sea were subject to the highest levels of longlining and trawling activities respectively. Fishing in proximity to seamounts is dominated by the flag states of Taiwan, China, Japan, South Korea and Spain. Furthermore, our results reveal that the majority of sea areas managed by many Regional Fishery Management Organisations (RFMOs) have experienced increased fishing activity at seamounts compared to areas in the same ocean basin without management. This study demonstrates how free web-accessible data can be used to gain insights into remote areas where in situ research is prohibitively expensive and logistically challenging. | ||
| GS005 | Winnard S,Hochberg T,Miller N,Kroodsma D,Small C,Augustyn P | 2018 | A new method using AIS data to obtain independent compliance data to determine mitigation use at sea | GS | Seabird mitigation measures use is a requirement for all pelagic longline vessels south of 25oS in the Atlantic and Indian Ocean, and south of 30oS in the Pacific. Monitoring the implementation of these measures is difficult due to low levels of observer coverage and the remote environment operations are conducted. Recent advances in technology provide opportunities for improved compliance monitoring at minimal cost. Here we describe a novel method for monitoring night setting compliance using Global Fishing Watch’s AIS data. We assessed more than ~61,000 sets by over 300 vessels for compliance with night setting regulations using a convolutional neural network. Results indicate that in areas where seabird mitigation measures are required a maximum of ~15% of sets have less than two hours overlap with daylight, and the percentage of sets fully compliant with night setting could be much lower (<5%). In future, technology could be used for monitoring night-setting compliance at a broad scale by Member States, RFMOs and the wider public. | ||
| GS006 | Kalaiselvi VKG,Ranjani J,Sm VK,Others | 2022 | Illegal fishing detection using neural network | GS | Illegal fishing has become a worldwide concern resulting in drastic ecological consequences due to activities like overfishing. It is statistically shown that about 11–20 million tonnes of fish have been caught illegally on an annual basis, which amounts to 14%–33% of the global annual fishing catch. The estimated illegal fishing catch is totaled to be around $23 Billion. The vessel's ability to dredge, deplete and damage has lowered the fish stock to 65.8% in 2017 from 90% in 1990 within the biologically sustainable levels. To serve the preservation of biodiversity, illegal fishing detection provides an inclusive analysis strategy on the available data from the automatic identification system (AIS), the relative position of a vessel could be identified and the radar detection aids the tracking of vessels. The data is gathered by satellites and terrestrial receivers which is analyzed by The Global Fishing Watch (GFW) organization. The model based on AIS data, speed of the vessel, and vessel type is used to predict the fishing status of a vessel. The model processes the data being fed and targets the vessel by behavior identification and the likelihood of illegal activity could be monitored. | ||
| GS007 | Watch GF | 2020 | Fisheries Intelligence Report | GS | Since mid 2019 a dramatic increase in Automatic Identification System (AIS) data indicates significant levels of foreign fishing vessel activity that is consistent with fishing operations in the Northwest Indian Ocean (NWIO) region, including on the high seas and inside the Somalia and Yemen EEZs. A small amount of activity was also observed inside Oman EEZ but this is not a focus for this report. From January 2019 to 14 April 2020, 202 fishing vessels and 146 fishing net markers transmitting on AIS have been identified operating inside EEZs in the NWIO region. While these numbers are large, the AIS analysis of the AIS net markers and data from remote sensing techniques in fact suggests the foreign fleets operating in the region are significantly larger that what can be seen from the AIS alone. The tracks from these AIS transponders are consistent with fishing activity. If no license has been issued to these vessels it indicates that illegal fishing by these fleets is a major concern. These activities threaten food and maritime security in the region and represent a considerable loss of potential revenue to the Coastal States. The likely fishing gear used by this fleet is pelagic gillnets; these are a high bycatch fishing gear including sharks and turtles. To mitigate this impact on the high seas this gear type is legally limited by IOTC to 2.5 km long; however reports from sources in Pakistan indicate nets are being used that are significantly longer than this. It is not known if Somalia or Yemen has national limitations on these gears, if so then this may constitute further illegal activity. Inspection of these vessels should confirm gear type and include the length of the nets used. |
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| GS008 | Hsu WW,Hong WS,Hu RH,Wang HH,Zhao JY | 2020 | A Framework to Learn Behaviours of Flag of Convenience Fishing Vessel Activities | GS | Flag of convenience (FOC) vessels is a common practice in which vessel owners register their ship in another country other than the ship owners. This policy creates difficulties in enforcing regulations from the owners company. Mainly, FOC vessels are usually a part of the dark fleet. These vessels are typically invisible to the authorities because they are registered abroad and create problems in management. In fisheries, illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) activities often use FOC vessels as cover. Typically, the country of origin is unable to track vessels registered as FOCs. Thus third-party information must be acquired to detect FOC interactions with domestic vessels. In this research, with the Global Fishing Watch providing information of FOCs and along with our data aggregation techniques, methods are developed to detect and monitor FOC vessels conducting activities with domestic vessels and enforce laws to prevent IUU actions. | ||
| GS009 | Stevens H | 2023 | How disappearing ships could hold the clue to stopping illegal fishing | GS | #N/A | ||
| GS010 | Block B,Ferretti F,White T,De Leo G,Hazen EL,Bograd SJ | 2016 | Assessing Anthropogenic Impacts on Tunas, Sharks and Billfishes with Direct Observations of Human Fishers on the High Seas | GS | Anthropogenic impacts on marine predators have been examined within exclusive economic zones, but few data sets have enabled assessing human fishing impacts on the high seas. By combining large electronic tagging databases archiving mobile predator movements (e.g. Tagging of Pacific Pelagics, TAG A Giant, Animal Telemetry Network) with the global fishing catch and fishing effort data, from satellite tracks of vessels on the high seas (AIS), a better understanding of human use and exploitation at a global scale can be obtained. This capacity to combine the movements of mobile ocean predators (tunas, sharks, billfishes) with analyses of their human predator's behaviors, via examination of the global fishing fleet activities is unprecedented due to the new access researchers are garnering to these big satellite derived AIS databases. Global Fishing Watch is one example of such a data provider, that now makes accessible, the AIS data from the global community of maritime vessels, and has developed along with researchers new algorithms that delineate distinct types of fishing vessel behaviors (longline, purse seiner) and effort. When combined with satellite tagging data of mobile apex predators, oceanographic preferences, records of fishing fleets catches, targeted species and economic drivers of fisheries, new quantitative insights can be gained about the catch reporting of fleets, and the pelagic species targeted at a global scale. Research communities can now also examine how humans behave on the high seas, and potentially improve how fish stocks, such as tunas, billfishes, and sharks are exploited. The capacity to gather information on diverse human fishing fleets and behaviors remotely, should provide a wealth of new tools that can potentially be applied toward the resource management efforts surrounding these global fishing fleets. This type of information is essential for prioritizing regions of conservation concern for megaufauna swimming in our oceans. | ||
| GS011 | Gutierrez M,Daniels A,Jobbins G | 2018 | Fishing for data | GS | New technologies offer unique opportunities to support fisheries monitoring, control and surveillance, particularly for countries without the means to patrol their waters or enforce legislation against illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing and overfishing. • Developed countries and multilateral organisations have been slow to exploit these opportunities, and have failed to produce a single, effective, public global fisheries information tool. • Private initiatives tackling overfishing and IUU fishing using satellite and data technologies have emerged in recent years to bridge this gap, but their potential is undermined by the limited size and insufficient quality of their datasets. • Better data management and closer collaboration between these initiatives is needed, alongside improved fisheries governance and greater efforts to tackle corruption and curtail practices including the use of flags of convenience and secret fisheries agreements |
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| GS012 | Fishing AD | NA | Overview of the Project Goals and Methodology | GS | #N/A | ||
| GS017 | Watson RA,Tidd A | 2018 | Mapping nearly a century and a half of global marine fishing: 1869--2015 | GS | Understanding global fisheries patterns contributes significantly to their management. By combining harmonized unmapped data sources with maps from satellite tracking data, regional tuna management organisations, the ranges of fished taxa, the access of fleets and the logistics of associated fishing gears the expansion and intensification of marine fisheries for nearly a century and half (1869–2015) is illustrated. Estimates of industrial, non-industrial reported, illegal/unreported (IUU) and discards reveal changes in country dominance, catch composition and fishing gear use. Catch of industrial and non-industrial marine fishing by year, fishing country, taxa and gear by 30-min spatial cell broken to reported, IUU and discards is available. Results show a historical increase in bottom trawl with corresponding reduction in the landings from seines. Though diverse, global landings are now dominated by demersal and small pelagic species. | ||
| GS021 | Woodill AJ,Kavanaugh M,Harte M,Watson JR | 2021 | Ocean seascapes predict distant-water fishing vessel incursions into exclusive economic zones | GS | Many of the world's most important fisheries are experiencing illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing, thereby undermining efforts to sustainably conserve and manage fish stocks. A major challenge to ending IUU fishing is improving our ability to identify whether a vessel is fishing illegally and where illegal fishing is likely to occur in the ocean. However, monitoring the oceans is costly, time-consuming, and logistically challenging for maritime authorities to patrol. To address this problem, we use vessel tracking data and machine learning to predict whether a distant-water fishing vessel is fishing within the Argentine exclusive economic zone (EEZ) on the Patagonian Shelf, one of the world's most productive regions for fisheries. We combine vessel location data with oceanographic seascapes—classes of oceanic areas based on oceanographic variables—and other remotely sensed oceanographic variables to train a series of machine learning models of varying levels of complexity. These models are able to predict whether a distant-water fishing vessel is operating inside the EEZ with 69%–96% confidence, depending on the year and predictor variables used. These results offer a promising step towards pre-empting illegal activities, rather than reacting to them forensically. | ||
| GS023 | Watson R | 2019 | Global Fisheries Landings V4. 0 | GS | Global fisheries landings supplied by a number of agencies (FAO/UN, CCAMLR, NAFO, ICES etc) are mapped to 30-min spatial cells based on the range/gradient of the reported taxon, the spatial access of the reporting country's fleets, and the original reporting area. This data is separated to industrial and non-industrial fishing and associated with types of fishing gears. Estimates of illegal, unreported and unallocated landings are included as are estimates of the weight of fisheries products discarded at sea. For appropriate records, spatial information from tuna regional management organisations and satellite-based vessel Automatic Identification System (AIS) were used to allow greater precision. Mapping the source of fisheries capture allows investigation of the impacts of fishing and the vulnerability of fishing (with its associate food security implications) to climate change impacts. This is the most current version of the Global Fisheries Landings dataset. | ||
| GS025,WOS045 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aqc.3685 | Thompson DR,Goetz KT,Sagar PM,Torres LG,Kroeger CE,Sztukowski LA,Orben RA,Hoskins AJ,Phillips RA | 2021 | The year-round distribution and habitat preferences of Campbell albatross (Thalassarche impavida) | GS,WOS | The use of miniaturized electronic tracking devices has illuminated our understanding of seabird distributions and habitat use, and how anthropogenic threats interact with seabirds in both space and time. To determine the year-round distribution of adult Campbell albatross (Thalassarche impavida), a single-island endemic, breeding only at Campbell Island in New Zealand's subantarctic, a total of 68 year-long location data sets were acquired from light-based geolocation data-logging tags deployed on breeding birds in 2009 and 2010. During the incubation and chick-guard phases of the breeding season, birds used cool (<10 degrees C) waters over the Campbell Plateau, but also ranged over deeper, shelf-break and oceanic waters (4,000-5,500 m) beyond the Plateau. Later in the breeding season, during post-guard chick-rearing, Campbell albatrosses exploited generally deep waters (4,000-5,000 m) beyond the Campbell Plateau. During the non-breeding period, adults tended to move northwards into warmer (approximately 15 degrees C) waters and occupied areas beyond western Australia in the west to offshore from Chile in the east. Overall, about 30% of adults spent some of their non-breeding period in the central and eastern Pacific Ocean, substantially expanding the previously reported range for this species. One bird, that failed in its breeding attempt in October 2009, departed Campbell Island and circumnavigated the southern oceans before being recaptured back at Campbell Island in October 2010. This is the first example of an annually-breeding albatross species completing a circumnavigation between breeding attempts. Overlap with fishing effort, using data from the Global Fishing Watch database, was assessed on a monthly and seasonal basis. Generally, levels of overlap between Campbell albatross and fishing effort were relatively low during the breeding season but were approximately 60% higher during the non-breeding period, underlining the need for international initiatives to safeguard this species. | |
| GS027,WOS012,GFW002 | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2023.110026 | Kroodsma D,Turner J,Luck C,Hochberg T,Miller N,Augustyn P,Prince S | 2023 | Global prevalence of setting longlines at dawn highlights bycatch risk for threatened albatross | GFW,GS,WOS | Longline fishing kills over 160,000 seabirds annually, with bycatch in these fisheries contributing significantly to the widespread, global decline in albatross populations. One of the most effective ways to reduce this bycatch is for pelagic longliners to set their hooks entirely at night, when albatross are least active, and setting at night is recommended in some areas of the ocean by Regional Fisheries Management Organizations. To develop a global dataset of where and when longliners actually set their hooks, we apply machine learning to four years of GPS data of the global longline fleet (similar to 5000 vessels). Our data reveal the vast footprint of longline fishing: over 40 % of the ocean is, at least one time during a year, within 30 km of a set, the distance within which an albatross can detect a vessel. On a given day, about 1.5 % of the ocean is within this distance of a set. Almost all of these sets were during daylight hours, with only 3 % of sets occurring entirely at night. In regions with threatened albatross species, night setting is more common (4-9 %), but it is much lower than suggested by on-board observer programs, highlighting the limitations of current monitoring. Furthermore, in albatross habitat, vessels more often set their lines during dawn hours when these birds are most active and bycatch risk is highest. | |
| GS028 | Watson R | NA | Global Fisheries Landings V3. 0 [ARCHIVED VERSION] | GS | NOTE THIS IS AN ARCHIVED VERSION OF THE GLOBAL FISHERIES LANDING DATA. The current version of the data is available from https://metadata.imas.utas.edu.au/geonetwork/srv/eng/catalog.search#/metadata/5c4590d3-a45a-4d37-bf8b-ecd145cb356d and should be used for all future analyses from 16/01/2019. For any questions about version changes to this dataset, please contact the Point of Contact nominated in this record. Global fisheries landings supplied by a number of agencies (FAO/UN, CCAMLR, NAFO, ICES etc) are mapped to 30-min spatial cells based on the range/gradient of the reported taxon, the spatial access of the reporting country's fleets, and the original reporting area. This data is separated to industrial and non-industrial fishing and associated with types of fishing gears. Estimates of illegal, unreported and unallocated landings are included as are estimates of the weight of fisheries products discarded at sea. For appropriate records, spatial information from tuna regional management organisations and satellite-based vessel Automatic Identification System (AIS) were used to allow greater precision. Mapping the source of fisheries capture allows investigation of the impacts of fishing and the vulnerability of fishing (with its associate food security implications) to climate change impacts. | ||
| GS029 | Frankish CK,Phillips RA,Clay TA,Somveille M,Manica A | 2020 | Environmental drivers of movement in a threatened seabird: insights from a mechanistic model and implications for conservation | GS | Abstract Aim Determining the drivers of movement of different life-history stages is crucial for understanding age-related changes in survival rates and, for marine top predators, the link between fisheries overlap and incidental mortality (bycatch), which is driving population declines in many taxa. Here, we combine individual tracking data and a movement model to investigate the environmental drivers and conservation implications of divergent movement patterns in juveniles (fledglings) and adults of a threatened seabird, the white-chinned petrel (Procellaria aequinoctialis). Location South-west Atlantic Ocean. Methods We compare the spatial distributions and movement characteristics of juvenile, breeding and non-breeding adult petrels, and apply a mechanistic movement model to investigate the extent to which chlorophyll a concentrations (a proxy for food resources) and ocean surface winds drive their divergent distribution patterns. We also consider the conservation implications by determining the relative overlap of each life-history stage with fishing intensity and reported fishing effort (proxies for bycatch risk). Results Naïve individuals fledged with similar flight capabilities (based on distances travelled, flight speeds and track sinuosity) to adults but differed in their trajectories. Comparison of simulations from the mechanistic model with real tracks showed that juvenile movements are best predicted by prevailing wind patterns, whereas adults are attracted to food resources on the Patagonian Shelf. The juveniles initially dispersed to less productive oceanic waters than those used by adults, and overlapped less with fishing activity; however, as they moved westwards towards South America, bycatch risk increased substantially. Main conclusions The use of a mechanistic framework provided insights into the ontogeny of movement strategies within the context of learned versus innate behaviour and demonstrated that divergent movement patterns of adults and juveniles can have important implications for the conservation of threatened seabirds. |
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| GS030 | Xing Q,Yu H,Wang H,Ito SI,Chai F | 2023 | Mesoscale eddies modulate the dynamics of human fishing activities in the global midlatitude ocean | GS | Frequent fishing activities are causing overfishing, destroying the habitat of marine life, and threatening global marine biodiversity. Understanding the dynamics of fishing activities and their drivers is crucial for designing and implementing effective ocean management. The fishing activities in the open sea are reported to be characterized by high spatial variability in local waters; however, it is still unclear whether their high spatial variability is random or regulated by oceanographic variations. Mesoscale eddies are ubiquitous swirling currents that dominate locally biogeochemical processes. Previous case studies presented an ongoing debate regarding how eddies exert impacts on high trophic organisms, which imposes limitations on understanding the dynamics of fishing activities based on the bottom-top control hypothesis from eddies to fish and fishing activities. By combining global fishing activities from deep learning and oceanic eddy atlases from satellite monitoring, we showed that the spatial variations in fishing activities were closely related to mesoscale eddies in the global midlatitude ocean, confirming that fishing activities primarily targeting tuna, were aggregated in (repelled from) anticyclonic (cyclonic) eddy cores. This eddy-fishing activity relationship was opposite to satellite-observed primary production but corresponded well with the temperature and oxygen content in deeper water. By integrating existing evidence, we attribute eddy-related fishing activities to a reasonable hypothesis that warm and oxygen-rich deeper water in anticyclonic eddies relieves the thermal and anoxic constraints for diving predation by tuna while the constraints are aggravated in cold and oxygen-poor cyclonic eddies. | ||
| GS032 | Vasudevan R,Chola C | 2024 | AI Based Approach for Transshipment Detection in the Maritime Domain | GS | The identification of transshipment events at sea, employs a spatial-temporal Machine Learning(ML) framework. This research leverages domain expertise to identify specific features indicative of transshipment activities in the maritime environment. The study refines the set of features necessary for accurately classifying these activities. Our findings reveal that features derived from vessel maneuvering characteristics prove to be highly effective in identifying transshipment events. Additionally, Ensemble classifier models, trained on a dataset using stratified k-fold cross-validation, achieved an impressive F1 score of 0.998. To enhance the dataset, the study suggests incorporating information related to external factors and utilizing data from additional sensors. Overall this research presents a pioneering approach in the maritime sector, contributing to the surveillance of vessels in a novel approach. | ||
| GS033 | Welch H,Clavelle T,White TD,Cimino MA,Van Osdel J,Hochberg T,Kroodsma D,Hazen EL | 2022 | Hotspots of Unseen Fishing Vessels Illuminate Areas of Concern for Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing | GS | Illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing incurs an annual cost of up to US$25 billion in economic losses, results in substantial losses of aquatic life, and has been linked to human rights violations. Vessel tracking data from the automatic identification system (AIS) are powerful tools for combating IUU, yet AIS transponders can be disabled, reducing its efficacy as a surveillance tool. We present a global dataset of AIS disabling in commercial fisheries, which obscures up to 6% (>4.9 M hours) of vessel activity. Disabling hot spots were located near the exclusive economic zones (EEZs) of Argentina and West African nations and in the Northwest Pacific, all regions of IUU concern. Disabling was highest near transshipment hot spots and near EEZ boundaries, particularly contested ones. We also found links between disabling and location hiding from competitors and pirates. These inferences on where and why activities are obscured provide valuable information to improve fisheries management. | ||
| GS034 | Guggisberg S | 2019 | The roles of nongovernmental actors in improving compliance with fisheries regulations | GS | Nongovernmental actors play several important roles in promoting compliance with international fisheries regulations. These roles consist on the one hand in monitoring, investigating and reporting occurrences of illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing, and, on the other hand, in direct actions in coastal States’ exclusive economic zones and on the high seas. Some of these actions, in particular data gathering and sharing, fall squarely within the existing regime of the law of the sea. Other actions, such as some types of direct actions on the high seas, may be legally more questionable. In any case, the nongovernmental nature of the actors raises issues of efficiency, accountability, authority and allocation of responsibility. Notwithstanding expected resistance to reform from States and non-State actors, there is a clear need to adapt and clarify the legal regime, at the risk otherwise of undermining the rule of law. | ||
| GS036,WOS011 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps14565 | Arnoldi NS,Carlisle AB,Andrzejaczek S,Castleton MR,Micheli F,Schallert RJ,White TD,Block BA | 2024 | Salmon shark seasonal site fidelity demonstrates the influence of scale on identifying potential high-use areas and vulnerabilities | GS,WOS | Considering habitat use throughout the whole range of a highly mobile marine species is necessary to understand life history, identify vulnerabilities, and inform effective management. We used satellite tagging data from 128 adult female salmon sharks Lamna ditropis to identify seasonal hotspots of activity in an extended California Current region (ECCR; encompassing the California Current Large Marine Ecosystem), an area far away from their well-described primary habitat in the Alaska Downwelling Region where they have been documented, but whose utility has been poorly understood. Tag track durations had a mean of 447.7 +/- 381 d, and 88 sharks (68.8%) visited the ECCR, comprising 33.6% of 28019 total daily Argos detections. Tracking data revealed that the timing and duration of migrations to the ECCR varied, but salmon shark distribution within the ECCR displayed consistent latitudinal shifts in accordance with regional oceanographic seasons. High site fidelity across multi-year tracks to high-productivity features, such as sea banks, and previously published knowledge of salmon shark life history suggest that the ECCR provides important foraging habitat which may be linked to reproductive success. The data reveal high overlap of salmon shark distribution with cumulative fishing effort collected by Global Fishing Watch for 2012-2019, particularly around seasonal hotspots, suggesting that female salmon sharks might be at risk of fisheries encounters. Collectively, our findings emphasize the importance of the ECCR in salmon shark life history and demonstrate the influence of spatial and temporal scale on interpretation of large movement data sets and identification of critical habitat outside of well-studied regions. | |
| GS037,WOS007 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2023.105908 | Morse, Molly; Mccauley, Douglas; Orofino, Sara; Stears, Keenan; Mladjov, Samantha; Caselle, Jenn; Clavelle, Tyler; Freedman, Ryan | 2024 | Preferential selection of marine protected areas by the recreational scuba diving industry | GS,WOS | Extensive research has illuminated the diverse values of marine protected areas (MPAs), including protecting biodiversity, promoting climate change resilience, and enhancing spillover to fisheries. Comparatively less attention has been given to if and how MPAs can benefit and influence marine ecotourism. Here we use Automatic Identification System (AIS) vessel data to create a long-term, high-resolution portrait of how MPAs shape the behavior of one prominent form of marine ecotourism: scuba diving. Specifically, we explore how the spatial use patterns of scuba diving vessels are affected by MPAs in California's Northern Channel Islands when these vessels are engaged in two use scenarios: 1) non-extractive ecotourism diving (e.g., wildlife viewing, photography) and 2) recreational scuba-based lobster fishing. Using analyses of AIS data and resource selection models, coupled with insights from vessel operator surveys, we find that scuba diving vessels preferentially selected for MPAs when engaged in ecotourism activities, and for MPA buffer zones when engaged in lobster fishing (i.e., "fishing the line"). These conclusions provide strong evidence of the benefit of MPAs for the scuba diving industry in Southern California and highlight the value of engaging the ecotourism industry in MPA management decisions. This observation is especially timely as state, national, and international bodies advance on commitments to protect 30% of coastal waters in the coming years. | |
| GS038,WOS026 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2023.116588 | Zhao, Zhongning; Chen, Jiaxuan; Shi, Yuqi; Hong, Feng; Jiang, Guiyuan; Huang, Haiguang; Zhao, Jinhua | 2024 | HiTrip: Historical trajectory interpolation for trawlers via deep learning on multi-source data | GS,WOS | The Vessel Monitoring System (VMS) on trawlers has revolutionized our understanding of spatiotemporal fishing activities. However, the low temporal resolution of historical VMS datasets complicates a precise analysis of fishing effort distribution. One inherent challenge for precise interpolation is the stark contrast between trawler movement patterns during steaming, characterized by straight lines, and fishing, which often involves consecutive turns. In this study, we introduce HiTrip, a deep learning approach that interpolates historical VMS data from two-hour intervals down to three minutes by harnessing both VMS and marine hydrological datasets. The proposed deep learning model, integrating ResNet, LSTM, and MLP, seamlessly synthesizes spatial features from coarse fishing effort distributions, sea surface factor fields, and current fields, while accounting for the temporal relationships within trajectory segments. Evaluated on 1855 East China Sea trawler VMS records and Copernicus Climate Data Store hydrological factor data, HiTrip achieves a 0.20 km interpolation error, meeting a finery 0.005 degrees x 0.005 degrees spatial resolution demand for fishing effort distribution analysis. Ablation study validates the efficacy of our deep learning model integrating multi-source datasets. Moreover, when evaluated on a diverse Global Fishing Watch dataset, which includes 45 trawlers spanning various global maritime regions, HiTrip maintains a 0.40 km error, emphasizing its broad generalization ability. | |
| GS039 | Betsill JD | 2017 | Small Vessel Smuggling of Nuclear and Radiological Material: Innovative Monitoring Approaches for Emerging Maritime Security Threat in the Indian Ocean Region | GS | #N/A | ||
| GS040,WOS068 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/csp2.12919 | Iacarella, Josephine C.; Burke, Lily; Clyde, Georgia; Wicks, Adam; Clavelle, Tyler; Dunham, Anya; Rubidge, Emily; Woods, Paul | 2023 | Monitoring temporal and spatial trends of illegal and legal fishing in marine conservation areas across Canada's three oceans | GS,WOS | Expansion of marine conservation areas (CA) necessitates resource-efficient and achievable strategies for monitoring and evaluation of ongoing fishing activity at national levels. To demonstrate and explore such a strategy, we conducted the first extensive analysis of fishing activity within Canada's static, geographically defined marine CAs with fishing regulations (n = 264 areas). We used 8 years of Automatic Identification System data to estimate fishing effort across three oceans and conducted temporal and spatial comparisons specific to each CA's regulations and enactment date. We addressed questions on CA effectiveness, fishing displacement, fishing the line behavior, and relationships between fishing activity and spatial CA attributes. We estimated 22,000 h of fishing activity within CAs after enactments, 22% of which was identified as illegal. CA effectiveness appeared to be lowest for Atlantic CAs based on illegal fishing effort density within CAs. Fishing displacement and fishing the line was generally not apparent as buffer areas around CAs tended to already have higher fishing effort prior to enactments. CA effectiveness and responses to CAs varied considerably, as was visualized using timeseries plots and maps developed for each CA. Our evaluation of a nation's full suite of CAs provides managers with a foundation and approach for continued monitoring and reporting. | |
| GS041 | Kuczenski B,Vargas Poulsen C,Gilman EL,Musyl M,Geyer R,Wilson J | 2022 | Plastic gear loss estimates from remote observation of industrial fishing activity | GS | Derelict fishing gear is a highly visible source of marine plastic pollution, causing mortality and ecosystem degradation with uncertain long‐term consequences. The quantity of derelict gear entering the oceans remains unknown because of heterogeneity in fishing gear and effort, as well as inadequate monitoring. Prior studies have been limited in scope to specific fisheries and regions, and large‐scale estimates lack an empirical basis. It is critically important for decision makers to have credible information in order to design effective remediation efforts. We estimated the amount of industrial fishing effort and the associated plastic debris entering the ocean globally each year from lost fishing gear. Using remote observations of fishing vessel activity paired with technical fishing gear models, we generated a bounding estimate for gear operation and loss worldwide in 2018. We estimate that industrial trawl, purse‐seine and pelagic longline fisheries operated 2.1 Mt of plastic gear over 2018 to obtain 49.7 Mt of retained and discarded catch, representing 74% of industrial marine capture globally. The median estimate for plastic gear lost during the use of these gear types was 48.4 kt (95% confidence interval: 28.4–99.5 kt). This estimate excludes abandoned and discarded gear. Improved observation, especially of small‐scale fisheries, is needed to better understand the sources of derelict gear. These findings serve as a benchmark for future monitoring and management efforts to reduce derelict gear in the global ocean. | ||
| GS042 | Song AM,Scholtens J,Barclay K,Bush SR,Fabinyi M,Adhuri DS,Haughton M | 2020 | Collateral damage? Small-scale fisheries in the global fight against IUU fishing | GS | Concern over illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing has led to a number of policy, trade and surveillance measures. While much attention has been given to the impact of IUU regulation on industrial fleets, recognition of the distinct impacts on small-scale fisheries is conspicuously lacking from the policy and research debate. In this paper, we outline three ways in which the application of IUU discourse and regulation undermines small-scale fisheries. First, the mainstream construction of “illegal,” “unreported” and “unregulated” fishing, and also the categorical use of “IUU” in an all-inclusive sense, disregards the diversity, legitimacy and sustainability of small-scale fisheries practices and their governing systems. Second, we explore how the recent trade-related measures to counter IUU fishing mask and reinforce existing inequalities between different sectors and countries, creating an unfair burden on small-scale fisheries and countries who depend on them. Third, as IUU fishing is increasingly approached as “organized crime,” there is a risk of inappropriately targeting small-scale fisheries, at times violently. Reflecting on these three trends, we propose three strategies by which a more sensitive and ultimately more equitable incorporation of small-scale fisheries can be supported in the global fight against IUU fishing. | ||
| GS044 | Willis-Norton E,Mangin T,Schroeder DM,Cabral RB,Gaines SD | 2024 | A synthesis of socioeconomic and sociocultural indicators for assessing the impacts of offshore renewable energy on fishery participants and fishing communities | GS | Offshore renewable energy, particularly wind farms, is rapidly expanding globally and has become an essential component of many coastal nations’ decarbonization plans, including the United States. The addition of these physical structures to the marine space may impact fish production and may preclude fishers from traditional fishing grounds - both of which have the potential to affect fisheries outcomes. Understanding the socioeconomic and sociocultural impacts of implementing offshore wind is crucial to determining appropriate mitigation strategies and to developing data collection, monitoring, and adaptive management strategies. This review synthesizes quantitative and qualitative indicators that have been used to assess the impact of fisheries preclusion and shifts in fished species’ biomass on fishery participants. By providing a description of the indicator, a list of the datasets required to calculate its value, and a list of studies that used the indicator, this review can serve as a guide to those designing monitoring plans to determine socioeconomic and sociocultural offshore wind impacts. | ||
| GS045 | Müller OJ,Peters K | 2024 | Positioning possibilities for human geographies of the sea: Automatic Identification Systems and its role in spatialising understandings of shipping | GS | This paper positions possibilities for human geographies of the sea. The growing volume of work under this banner has been largely qualitative in its approach, reflecting, in turn, the questions posed by oceanic scholars. These questions necessitate corresponding methods. Whilst this is not necessarily a problem, and the current corpus of work has offered many significant contributions, in making sense of the human dimensions of maritime worlds, other questions—and methods—may generate knowledge that is useful within this remit of work. This paper considers the place of quantitative approaches in posing lines of enquiry about shipping, one of the prominent areas of concern under the banner of ‘human geographies of the seas’. There is longstanding work in transport geographies concerned with shipping, logistics, freight movement and global connections, which embraces quantitative methods which could be bridged to ask fresh questions about oceanic spatial phenomena past and present. This paper reviews the state of the art of human geographies of the sea and transport geographies and navigates how the former field may be stimulated by some of the interests of the latter and a broader range of questions about society-sea-space relations. The paper focuses on Automatic Identification Systems (or AIS) as a potentially useful tool for connecting debates, and deepening spatial understandings of the seas and shipping beyond current scholarship. To advance the argument the example of shipping layups is used to illustrate or rather, position, the point. | ||
| GS046 | Nomura KJ,Woodill AJ,Sweeney J,Harte M,Jameal FS,Watson JR | 2024 | Emergent geopolitical risks from fishing activities and past conflicts in the Pacific Ocean | GS | Pacific Ocean longline fisheries support numerous international fleets targeting various species. However, global fishing activities has increased the density of vessels flagged to different countries fishing near each other. Such spatial competition increases the risk of fisheries conflicts by potentially introducing resource sharing, gear interactions, or territorial disputes. As international fisheries conflicts increase and fishing patterns evolve, it is important to know who is fishing nearby whom, and where. Enduring rivalries, or countries with historical disputes, can also contribute to a cycle of future conflicts. Here, we use network and geospatial analyses to examine which countries, country pairs, and regions in the Pacific Ocean may be at an elevated risk of fisheries conflict from spatial competition and enduring rivalries. Certain countries dominate fishing activities: Taiwan and Chinese-flagged vessels fish the largest area at 64 million km2 each (33 % greater than the next ranked country), with 7.9 and 7.2 million fishing hours respectively (nearly 2 times greater than the next ranked country). These countries and others (Japan, United States, South Korea) rank among the highest in conflict risk because of large overlapping fishing areas with enduring rivals. International diversity is most widespread in the tropical Pacific, though highest in the south Pacific, reflecting international participation in tropical bigeye and yellowfin fisheries and south albacore fisheries. High-risk regions primarily occur in the tropical Pacific across jurisdictions and similarly appear influenced by regional fisheries management. Overall, our research takes an international-level approach to study how spatial and temporal interconnectedness may influence conflict risk. | ||
| GS047 | Guida R,Rodger M,Bissonauth V,Soreefan Z,Hurnath P,Matthews M,Elseoud A | 2023 | Nereus: A Space-Based Maritime Surveillance System for Fisheries Monitoring and Anomaly Detection | GS | Illegal Unreported and Unregulated (IUU) fishing is a major threat to ocean biodiversity and preservation. A UK-Mauritius team is joining forces to develop a satellite-based monitoring solution that can improve maritime domain awareness in Mauritius Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) since official records of authorized fishing vessels are outdated or incomplete. This paper applies a previously developed methodology for Automatic Identification System (AIS) and Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data matching through Artificial Intelligence (AI) to the case study area showing the potential of the technologies and techniques in detecting anomalies. | ||
| GS048 | Harden-Davies H | 2021 | Marine Technology Transfer | GS | The transfer of marine technology and capacity building are inextricably linked un- der the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (unclos). The unclos framework for the transfer of marine technology includes several elements related to scientific research, such as: scientific training; access to research equipment; and shar- ing information, data and knowledge. These elements are important tools for capacity- building to enable a science-based approach to the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity beyond national jurisdiction (bbnj). However, there are well-known gaps and weaknesses in the international framework for implementing the transfer of marine technology. Several initiatives are already underway through the Intergov- ernmental Oceanographic Commission of unesco that attempt to close the gap in capacity. These initiatives could provide a basis for a bbnj agreement to build on and to contribute to the imminent United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for Sustain- able Development 2021– 2030. This paper examines the unclos framework for ma- rine technology transfer and the challenges and potential opportunities to enhance the implementation of transfer of marine technology in order to build capacity for the conservation and sustainable use of bbnj are proposed. | ||
| GS049 | Yap XS | NA | Opportunities and Challenges of Space-based Infrastructures for Arctic governance: Assessment from an innovation system perspective | GS | #N/A | ||
| GS051 | Hespanha JP,Garagić D | 2020 | Optimal Sensor Selection for Binary Detection based on Stochastic Submodular Optimization | GS | We address the problem of selecting sensors for the estimation of binary random variables, so as to minimize the probability of error. This problem arises when a large number of sensors are potentially available, but only a few can actually be used for estimation purposes. While sensor selection is a combinatorial problem, we show that the optimization of an upper bound on the probability of error can be formulated as a submodular maximization for which computationally efficient algorithms can provide solutions with guaranteed performance. The submodular optimization that needs to be solved involves the computation of an expected value that generally cannot be computed in closed form, but we show that replacing the expected value by a Monte Carlo empirical mean can result in negligible loss of performance with high probability. We illustrate the use of these results in the context of detecting illegal unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing. | ||
| GS052,WOS098 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/acv.12961 | Rutter, J. D.; Borrelle, S. B.; Bose, S.; Carneiro, A. P. B.; Clark, B. L.; Debski, I.; Elliott, G.; Fischer, J. H.; Walker, K.; Pittman, S. J. | 2024 | A probabilistic time geographic approach to quantifying seabird-vessel interactions | GS,WOS | Accounting for uncertainty is essential for precautionary approaches to managing seabird bycatch in commercial fisheries. However, there is no existing mechanism to explicitly quantify the uncertainty of seabird-vessel interactions (i.e. co-occurrence in space and time). Here we develop a time geographic method to measure the probability of individual birds encountering (co-occurring within 30 km) and attending (within 5 km) individual fishing vessels. The approach involves creating voxel-based probabilistic space-time prisms (PSTPs) to model the movements of individual birds and vessels, with trajectory data from bird-borne GPS devices and vessel Automatic Identification Systems (AIS). We intersected these PSTPs to quantify the probability of interaction between bird-vessel pairs over time and space. We demonstrate the approach with a case study of interactions of Endangered Toroa (Antipodean Albatross; Diomedea antipodensis antipodensis) with pelagic longline vessels in part of the South Pacific high seas. We found 15 vessels within 150 km and 3 h of two birds, yet interaction occurred with only two of those vessels. We visualised the probability of encounter and attendance over time and space and determined that interactions lasted several hours each (up to 6.2-14.1 h attendance, 20.8-26.1 h encounter for one bird-vessel pair). Our time geographic approach adds to existing tools to quantify seabird bycatch risk by providing an explicit measure of uncertainty of seabird-vessel interactions. We provide a flexible methodological pathway and R scripts, the application of which would allow managers to estimate interaction probability for multiple marine species and fisheries, including those with lower-resolution positional datasets. M & amacr;tua te whakaaro ki te matawaenga ng & amacr; arunga whakat & umacr;pato ki te whakahaere i te hao pokereh & umacr; o te manu & amacr;-tai i te ahu-h & imacr; ika. Heoi an & omacr;, k & amacr;ore tonu he ara i t & emacr;nei w & amacr; e taea p & umacr; nei te ine i te matawaenga o ng & amacr; p & amacr;hekoheko i waenga i te manu & amacr;-tai me te kaipuke (ko te t & umacr;taki tahi i taua w & amacr;hi, i taua w & amacr; tonu t & emacr;r & amacr;). Ka whakawhanakehia he tikanga e aro ana ki te w & amacr; me te w & amacr;hi kia ine ai te p & amacr;pono o ng & amacr; manu & amacr;-tai takitahi e t & umacr;pono atu ai (ka tae kia 30 manomita te tata) e rokohanga atu (kia 5 manomita te tata) ki t & emacr;tahi kaipuke h & imacr; ika. Kei te aronga nei he poro p & amacr;pono w & amacr;-w & amacr;hi t & umacr;& amacr;papa tongiiti ahutoru (PTSPs) kia whakatakune ng & amacr; nekehanga o ng & amacr; manu takitahi me ng & amacr; kaipuke, me te raraunga ara whiu mai i ng & amacr; p & umacr;rere GPS e kawea ana e ng & amacr; manu me ng & amacr; P & umacr;naha Tautohu Aunoa (AIS) o ng & amacr; kaipuke. I whakap & umacr;tahihia e m & amacr;tou & emacr;nei PTSPs ki te ine i te p & amacr;pono o te p & amacr;hekoheko i waenga i ng & amacr; manu me ng & amacr; kaipuke i te hipanga o te w & amacr;, i te t & umacr; w & amacr;hi an & omacr; hoki. Ka whakaatuhia e m & amacr;tou te aronga ki t & emacr;tahi rangahau whakap & umacr;aho o ng & amacr; p & amacr;hekoheko o te Toroa Tata Koreh & amacr;h & amacr; (Antipodean Albatross; Diomedea antipodensis antipodensis) ki ng & amacr; kaipuke ahoroa whakat & amacr;rewa ki t & emacr;teahi w & amacr;hi ki te tonga o Te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa. I kitea kia 15 kaipuke e 150 manomita, me te 3 h & amacr;ora te tata ki t & emacr;tahi takirua manu, engari e rua anake ng & amacr; kaipuke i p & amacr;hekoheko atu ki aua manu. I & amacr;ta p & omacr;hewatia te p & amacr;pono o te t & umacr;takinga, te w & amacr; me te w & amacr;hi hoki i reira ng & amacr; manu, & amacr;, i whakatauria te hia nei ng & amacr; h & amacr;ora i p & amacr;heko ai aua manu ki aua kaipuke i ia w & amacr; i t & umacr;taki ai r & amacr;tou (tae atu ki te 6.2-14.1 ng & amacr; h & amacr;ora i reira ng & amacr; manu, 20.8-26.1 ng & amacr; h & amacr;ora o te t & umacr;takinga ki t & emacr;tahi o ng & amacr; manu me t & emacr;tahi o ng & amacr; kaipuke). He mea t & amacr;piri t & amacr; m & amacr;tou aronga w & amacr;-w & amacr;hi ki ng & amacr; huinga taputapu k & emacr; o te ine i te t & umacr;raru hao p & omacr;kereh & umacr; o te manu & amacr;-tai i te mea, ka whakatakotohia he inenga mataaho o te matawaenga o ng & amacr; p & amacr;hekoheko o ng & amacr; manu & amacr;-tai me ng & amacr; kaipuke. Ka whakaratohia e m & amacr;tou he ara tikanga p & imacr;ngore me he tuhinga R, m & amacr; te whakamahinga o t & emacr;nei tikanga e & amacr;hei ai ng & amacr; kaiwhakahaere te whakatau tata i te p & amacr;pono ki ng & amacr; momo koiora & amacr;-tai, ki ng & amacr; momo ahu-h & imacr; ika e hia nei hoki, tae noa atu ki & emacr;r & amacr; o aua momo he huinga raraunga t & umacr; ariiti-paku k & emacr; & omacr; r & amacr;tou. We develop a time geographic method to measure the probability of individual seabirds interacting with individual fishing vessels, even when GPS data are low in resolution. We demonstrate the approach with a case study of an Endangered albatross in the South Pacific high seas, but the same method could be used to quantify interaction probability of multiple marine species and fisheries. Photo credit: Charlie Barnett. image | |
| GS053 | Jing Y,Liu Y | 2024 | Spatiotemporally explicit risk assessment of fishing grounds in Asian waters | GS | Risk management for marine fishing is crucial for building a "safe ocean." Current research primarily assesses navigational and operational risks of fishing vessels but rarely considers the fishing grounds' inherent environmental and social risks. Therefore, this study selected eleven environmental and five social risk factors from public databases, satellite remote sensing, reanalysis data, and other multisource data combining Geographic Information System (GIS) analysis to construct a spatiotemporal assessment model for multisource risk of fishing grounds (SAMRFG) in Asian waters. The SAMRFG was validated by the ship accident data from the International Maritime Organization (IMO), with an explanatory rate of 0.71. Results reveal that over 85 % of Asian waters are medium-low-risk areas, with about 2 % being high-risk areas with spatial clustering. The multisource risk of fishing grounds (MRFG) in high-risk areas is declining, whereas most medium-low-risk areas see an escalation. The trends in MRFG imply that 94 % of fishing vessels in medium-low-risk areas may face more significant threats. Conversely, about 4 % of fishing vessels in high-risk areas may experience reduced threats, especially drifting longlines and squid jiggers fishing vessels. Despite complex geopolitics, the continuous change in MRFG underscores the necessity of an area-based risk management framework, making establishing an Asian regional fisheries organization imperative. | ||
| GS054,WOS087 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/env.2876 | Panunzi, Greta; Moro, Stefano; Marques, Isa; Martino, Sara; Colloca, Francesco; Ferretti, Francesco; Lasinio, Giovanna Jona | 2024 | Estimating the spatial distribution of the white shark in the Mediterranean Sea via an integrated species distribution model accounting for physical barriers | GS,WOS | Conserving oceanic apex predators, such as sharks, is of utmost importance. However, scant abundance and distribution data often challenge understanding the population status of many threatened species. Occurrence records are often scarce and opportunistic, and fieldwork aimed to retrieve additional data is expensive and prone to failure. Integrating various data sources becomes crucial to developing species distribution models for informed sampling and conservation purposes. The white shark, for example, is a rare but persistent inhabitant of the Mediterranean Sea. Here, it is considered Critically Endangered by the IUCN, while population abundance, distribution patterns, and habitat use are still poorly known. This study uses available occurrence records from 1985 to 2021 from diverse sources to construct a spatial log-Gaussian Cox process, with data-source specific detection functions and thinning, and accounting for physical barriers. This model estimates white shark presence intensity alongside uncertainty through a Bayesian approach with Integrated Nested Laplace Approximation (INLA) and the inlabru R package. For the first time, we projected species occurrence hot spots and landscapes of relative abundance (continuous measure of animal density in space) throughout the Mediterranean Sea. This approach can be used with other rare species for which presence-only data from different sources are available. | |
| GS055 | Fromant A,Collet J,Vansteenberghe C,Musseau R,Filippi D,Delord K,Barbraud C | 2024 | Fine-scale behaviour and population estimates suggest low exposure but do not exclude high sensitivity to bycatch for Endangered sooty albatrosses | GS | Recent developments in assessing species-specific seabird bycatch risks demonstrated that fine-scale approaches are essential tools to quantify interactions with fishing vessels and understand attraction and attendance behaviours. Matching boats movements with birds tracking data specifically allows to investigate seabird-fishery interaction for cryptic species for which on-board information is critically lacking. The sooty albatross (Phoebetria fusca) overlaps with fisheries throughout its range and is known to be vulnerable to incidental bycatch. Combining GPS and behaviour data from individuals from Crozet Islands and boat locations during the incubation period, we investigated interactions of sooty albatrosses with fisheries in the southern Indian Ocean. Individuals foraged mostly in sub-tropical international waters, where they only encountered a small number of boats. The low interaction rate during this period may suggests that sooty albatrosses are not strongly attracted towards fishing vessels. However, this result should be interpreted with caution due to the low sample size and fishing effort during the study period, as these observations may conceal a higher bycatch risk during intense fishing effort and/or energetically demanding periods. The species conservation status requires further data to be collected throughout the annual cycle to provide an accurate assessment of the threat. | ||
| GS056 | Spedicato MT,Cannas R,Mahe K,Morales B,Tsigenopoulos C,Zane L,Kavadas S,Maina I,Scarcella G,Sartor P,Others | 2021 | Study on advancing fisheries assessment and management advice in the Mediterranean by aligning biological and management units of priority species. MED_UNITs | GS | Stock identification provides a basis for understanding population dynamics and makes the stock assessment process more robust, thereby developing fisheries management strategies. Multiannual Management Plans under the Common Fishery Policy (EU Reg. 1380/2013) are tools for managing shared stocks in the long term and thus this requires improving our knowledge on biological stock units and fishery management units. Methods for delineating stocks advanced considerably in recent years and include genetic techniques, otolith shape and chemistry, acoustic telemetry, tagging, demographic analysis and meristic data. The integration of multiple techniques that operate over different temporal and spatial scales makes it possible to overcome many of the limitations of single technique approaches and strengthens the inference available from stock structure studies (Cadrin et al., 2013). The identification of fishing grounds is an essential information to delineate the fishing footprints on the fish and shellfish stocks. To identify fishing grounds different methods are available, based on Automatic Identification System (AIS) and Vessel Monitoring System (VMS). Linking information on stock boundaries with the one on the localization of the fishing grounds is a key step for the identification of spatial units for fishery management. The overall objective of the MED_UNITs project is to identify and match biological and management stock units of several important demersal species in the Mediterranean: European hake (Merluccius merluccius), red mullet (Mullus barbatus), deep water rose shrimp (Parapenaeus longirostris), giant red shrimp (Aristaeomorpha foliacea), blue and red shrimp (Aristeus antennatus) and Norway lobster (Nephrops norvegicus). The study covers the Geographical Sub-Areas (GSAs) 1-27 (Mediterranean Sea). The project structure consists of 5 Work-Packages (WPs) and 16 Tasks. WP0-Project management and coordination; WP1-Population genetics and phylogeographic studies for identification of biological units of priority species; WP-2 Otolith shape and microchemistry analyses; WP3-Delineate fishing grounds and stock assessment; WP4-Synthesis and proposals. The analyses undertaken in WP1 and WP2 delineate the population units from a biological perspective. WP3 defines the fisheries footprints not necessarily within the boundaries of the current GSAs. The integration of this information takes place in WP4, supported by the explanatory role of ecological/environmental profiles at spatial scale. Overall, this approach is expected to advance fisheries assessment and improve the management advice, reducing the bias associated with the assumption of a given stock unit, when instead multiple stocks are assessed as a single unit or only a portion of a stock is assessed as a closed unit. | ||
| GS057 | Patel SH | NA | KAREN L. JONES | GS | Over the past two decades, the proliferation of remote sensing satellites coupled with improved resolution has yielded vast amounts of new data for environmental monitoring and enforcement. Yet, the most significant advances go beyond space-based assets. They include modern information architecture, which offers new and predictive insights for environmental monitoring. Key use case scenarios suggest that environmental data that is open and shared across disciplinary and geographical silos builds greater transparency, trust, and accountability. This paper addresses how an environmental data-to-action strategy supports multidisciplinary users (e.g., industry, regulatory, nonprofit, and citizen) to encourage cooperation across local, regional, national, and international stakeholders. The paper also suggests a data-to-action framework, which includes a foundation of a modern data architecture and six key pillars for actionable environmental intelligence based on best practices demonstrated by existing programs for meeting environmental and sustainability goals. | ||
| GS058 | Vince J,Hardesty BD,Wilcox C | 2021 | Progress and challenges in eliminating illegal fishing | GS | Illegal fishing is a widespread, global phenomenon that is affecting already heavily depleted wild fish stocks, threatening marine habitats and contributing to marine pollution through discarded fishing gear. Many different measures have been implemented by nation states to deter and prevent illegal fishing. These include coastal surveillance and policing, policies and regulation, and education. In this paper, we examine the case of Australia through an analysis of regulative arrangements, policies and guidelines that form the governance framework to better understand the changing seascape of illegal fishing. We argue that joint efforts with neighbouring states such as Indonesia and regional fisheries management authorities have contributed to a decrease in illegal fishing in and around the Australian EEZ. Finally, we discuss current and future challenges, opportunities, recent advancements and technological approaches for reducing illegal fishing around the world. | ||
| GS059 | Rodríguez JP,Klemm K,Duarte CM,Eguíluz VM | 2024 | Shipping traffic through the Arctic Ocean: spatial distribution, temporal evolution and its dependence on the sea ice extent | GS | The reduction in sea ice cover with Arctic warming facilitates shipping through remarkably shorter shipping routes. Automatic identification system (AIS) is a powerful data source to monitor Arctic Ocean shipping. Based on the AIS data from an online platform, we quantified the spatial distribution of shipping through this area, its intensity, and the seasonal variation. Shipping was heterogeneously distributed with power-law exponents that depended on the vessel category. We contextualized the estimated exponents with the analytical distribution of a transit model in one and two dimensions. Fishing vessels had the largest spatial spread, while narrower shipping routes associated with cargo and tanker vessels had a width correlated with the sea ice area. The time evolution of these routes showed extended periods of shipping activity through the year. We used AIS data to quantify recent Arctic shipping, which brings an opportunity for shorter routes, but likely impacting the Arctic ecosystem. | ||
| GS060,WOS013 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps13586 | Fischer, Johannes H.; Debski, Igor; Spitz, Derek B.; Taylor, Graeme A.; Wittmer, Heiko U. | 2021 | Year-round offshore distribution, behaviour, and overlap with commercial fisheries of a Critically Endangered small petrel | GS,WOS | Without insights into the threats affecting species across their distributions and throughout their annual cycles, effective conservation management cannot be applied. The Whenua Hou diving petrel Pelecanoides whenuahouensis (WHDP) is a Critically Endangered small seabird whose offshore habits and threats are poorly understood. We tracked WHDPs year-round in 2015/16, 2017/18, and 2018/19 using global location-sensing immersion loggers to identify offshore distribution, movements, behaviour, and overlap with commercial fishing effort. During the breeding period, WHDPs ranged from southern Aotearoa (New Zealand) to Maukahuka (Auckland Islands). After breeding, WHDPs migrated southwest towards the Polar Front south of Australia, exhibited clockwise movements, and returned to their breeding grounds via the Subantarctic Front. During the non-breeding period, WHDPs exhibited extreme aquatic behaviour and spent > 95% of their time on, or under, water. The core areas used consistently during breeding and non-breeding periods warrant listing as Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas. Spatiotemporal overlap of commercial fishing effort with breeding distributions was considerable, in contrast with non-breeding distributions. Spatiotemporal management of anthropogenic activity around the breeding colony during the breeding period could help protect WHDPs, but measures should be subjected to a structured decision-making framework. Our results illustrate the importance of year-round studies to inform conservation of marine species. | |
| GS061 | Bernabé P,Gotlieb A,Legeard B,Marijan D,Sem-Jacobsen FO,Spieker H | 2023 | Detecting Intentional AIS Shutdown in Open Sea Maritime Surveillance Using Self-Supervised Deep Learning | GS | In maritime traffic surveillance, detecting illegal activities, such as illegal fishing or transshipment of illicit products is a crucial task of the coastal administration. In the open sea, one has to rely on Automatic Identification System (AIS) message transmitted by on-board transponders, which are captured by surveillance satellites. However, insincere vessels often intentionally shut down their AIS transponders to hide illegal activities. In the open sea, it is very challenging to differentiate intentional AIS shutdowns from missing reception due to protocol limitations, bad weather conditions or restricting satellite positions. This paper presents a novel approach for the detection of abnormal AIS missing reception based on self-supervised deep learning techniques and transformer models. Using historical data, the trained model predicts if a message should be received in the upcoming minute or not. Afterwards, the model reports on detected anomalies by comparing the prediction with what actually happens. Our method can process AIS messages in real-time, in particular, more than 500 Millions AIS messages per month, corresponding to the trajectories of more than 60 000 ships. The method is evaluated on 1-year of real-world data coming from four Norwegian surveillance satellites. Using related research results, we validated our method by rediscovering already detected intentional AIS shutdowns. | ||
| GS062 | Yang S,Wang L,Fei Y,Zhang S,Yu L,Zhang H,Wang F,Wu Y,Wu Z,Wang W,Others | 2024 | Spatio-temporal variability of fishing habitat suitability to tuna purse seine fleet in the Western and Central Pacific Ocean | GS | Understanding the spatial distribution of fishing activity is important for ecosystem-based fisheries management.The dynamic vessel trajectory information provided by Automatic Identification System (AIS) together with local remote ocean environment data, provide an opportunity for new technologies to enable improvements in fisheries management.The spatio-temporal and variability to tuna purse seine fleet suitable fishing were evaluated based on fishing effort from AIS by constructing an integrated habitat suitability index (HSI), which weight of variables were determined with boosted regression trees (BRT) model. The results show that the fishing activity tuna purse-seine fleet and catch data from the Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission (WCPFC) have the same spatial distribution.The tuna purse seine fleet operation concentrate in EEZ area of the Pacifc Island countries and has seasonal environmental preferences. The fishing habitat suitability can be characterized by a few environmental factors. The HSI model had good capacity to predict habitat suitability to tuna purse seine fleet for mostly catch and fishing effort located in the suitable area. The suitable fishing areas showed significant seasonal changes and low utilization of the available environmentally suitable fishing habitat in each month. The most stable suitable area located in the New Guinea Offshore latitudinal region, may be experiencing high tuna purse-seine fishing pressure throughout the year. The research could help to improve the scientific and effective management of distant water fisheries under limited regulatory capacity. | ||
| GS063 | Zec M,Mihalić I,Engelen D | 2023 | REPORT ABOUT SEABIRD AND FISHERIES INTERACTION: EXPLORATIVE BYCATCH RISK ANALYSES | GS | Bycatch is among the major threats facing pelagic birds at sea (Dias et al., 2019). The purpose of this analysis is to explore the spatial distribution of possible areas with an elevated risk of seabird bycatch in the Croatian Adriatic. It is not intended as a conclusive or comprehensive risk assessment for seabird bycatch, but rather as an exploratory analysis to inform decision makers on possible priorities in bycatch mitigation, and as a template for further analysis by conservation practitioners. The focus of this explorative study is on three seabird species which are globally and/ or regionally endangered (IUCN Red List; Tutiš et al. 2013) and breed almost exclusively in the Mediterranean Sea (incl. the Adriatic), namely Yelkouan shearwater Puffinus yelkouan, Scopoli’s shearwater Calonectris diomedea and Audouin’s gull Larus audouinii. In terms of bycatch, among the riskiest fishing method for these three species is long line fishing (Genovart et al. 2017). | ||
| GS064 | Rance L | NA | Bottom trawling in UK’s marine reserves, legally, is apparently a thing | GS | #N/A | ||
| GS065 | Watson JR,Woodill AJ | 2022 | Detecting illegal maritime activities from anomalous multiscale fleet behaviours | GS | To achieve sustainable use of our oceans globally, our ability to detect and even predict illegal maritime activities must improve. The challenge is that most vessels that commit illegal acts will not transmit their location and are in effect unobservable to enforcement agencies. To overcome this challenge, we have developed a method for inferring the location and timing of illegal maritime activities inspired by complex systems theory: by monitoring the multiscale spatial behaviour of those vessels that we can observe, we are able to monitor for anomalous spatial patterns that could be associated with the presence of illegal activities (committed by an unobserved vessel). These spatial anomalies are represented as distortions in the ‘shape’ or multiscale spatial organization of fleets, which can be quantified using methods from information theory. To explore this approach, we developed a spatially explicit agent-based model of fishing vessels, where we examined the utility of several multiscale spatial anomaly indexes. We then examined the performance of these indexes in a real-world test-case, with a focus on illegal events that occurred on the Patagonia Shelf. Our results suggest that this method offers insight into the location and timing of illegal activities at sea, and consequently offers a promising tool for helping to improve the security and sustainability of our oceans. | ||
| GS066 | Recio-Blanco X,Amos J,Carney W,Goldberg M | 2019 | Technology and the seas: enforcement in marine protected areas | GS | Established in over 65 countries and territories, marine protected areas (MPAs) embody a range of habitats, enable the provision of fundamental ecosys- tem services, protect marine biodiversity and cultural resources, and provide spaces to conduct cutting-edge research and implement innovative policies. Yet man- agement of MPAs can face challenges, including the lack of adequate tools, the need for rules to secure com- prehensive monitoring, the vastness of the ocean, and more. There remain questions of how agencies work together to establish these areas both domestically and internationally, what are the innovative technologies that can aid in monitoring, and how MPAs can be enforced. On September 24, 2019, the Environmen- tal Law Institute hosted an expert panel that delved into groundbreaking technologies, innovative legal frameworks, and examples of successful domestic and international MPAs. Below, we present a transcript of the discussion, which has been edited for style, clarity, and space considerations. | ||
| GS067 | Hespanha JP,Garagić D | 2019 | Sensor-reveal games | GS | We introduce two-player nonzero-sum partial in- formation games, called sensor-reveal games, in which one of the players (which we call the attacker) decides whether or not to engage in an illegal activity and the other player (which we call the defender) wants to detect the attacker’s action based on noisy sensor measurements. The partial information character of the game arises from the fact that the attacker controls which sensor provides the measurements that will be revealed to the defender, with the understanding that it may be costly to the attacker to reveal non-informative sensors, rather than sensors that carry useful information about the attack. Such games arise in several areas including computer security and law enforcement. We show that, for a very general sensor model, this game admits a closed form solution and provide explicit formulas for the Nash policies for both players. For scenarios in which the defender may not know the parameters that determine the cost function of the attacker, we provide a data- driven approach for the defender to compute an optimal policy based on fictitious play. The resulting algorithm is guaranteed to converge to a Nash equilibrium when both players rely on fictitious play. A brief numerical example illustrates the use of fictitious play. | ||
| GS068 | Li H,Jia P,Wang X,Yang Z,Wang J,Kuang H | 2023 | Ship carbon dioxide emission estimation in coastal domestic emission control areas using high spatial-temporal resolution data: A China case | GS | It is necessary to accurately calculate ship carbon emissions for shipping suitability. The state-of-the-art approaches could arguably not be able to estimate ship carbon emissions accurately due to the uncertainties of Ship Technical Specification Database (STSD) and the geographical and temporal breakpoints in Automatic Identification System (AIS) data, hence requiring a new methodology to be developed to address such defects and further improve the accuracy of emission estimation. Firstly, a novel STSD iterative repair model is proposed based on the random forest algorithm by the incorporation of13 ship technical parameters. The repair model is scalable and can substantially improve the quality of STSD. Secondly, a new ship AIS trajectory segmentation algorithm based on ST-DBSCAN is developed, which effectively eliminates the impact of geographical and temporal AIS breakpoints on emission estimation. It can accurately identify the ships' berthing and anchoring trajectories and reasonably segment the trajectories. Finally, based on this proposed framework, the ship carbon dioxide emissions within the scope of domestic emission control areas (DECA) along the coast of China are estimated. The experiment results indicate that the proposed STSD repair model is highly credible due to the significant connections between ship technical parameters. In addition, the emission analysis shows that, within the scope of China's DECA, the berthing period of ships is longer owing to the joint effects of coastal operation features and the strict quarantine measures under the COVID-19 pandemic, which highlights the emissions produced by ship auxiliary engines and boilers. The carbon intensity of most coastal provinces in China is relatively high, reflecting the urgent demand for the transformation and updates of the economic development models. Based on the theoretical models and results, this study recommends a five-stage decarbonization scheme for China's DECA to advance its decarbonization process. | ||
| GS069 | Rodger M,Guida R | 2023 | Revealing Dark Vessels in the Mauritius Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) Using Multi-Temporal SAR and AIS Data | GS | The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) launched the Ocean Innovators program to combat illegal fishing and destructive fishing practices, benefiting Small Island Developing States (SIDS) and Least Developed Countries (LDCs). One of the selected projects, ‘Nereus’, currently being developed by Surrey Space Centre (SSC) and Mauritius Research and Innovation Council (MRIC), utilises AI and satellite data fusion to monitor fishing vessel activity in Mauritius’ Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) and Marine Protected Areas (MPAs). The project combines various satellite technologies, including Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR), Automatic Identification System (AIS) and Vessel Monitoring System (VMS). This paper analyses multi-temporal SAR and AIS data to identify "dark" ships that are not transmitting AIS signals. The methodology is applied to the Mauritius EEZ and MPAs, providing authorities with valuable information for informed decision-making and effective Maritime Domain Awareness (MDA). | ||
| GS070 | McCarthy N,CaJacob D,Kawamoto D | 2017 | Eating Your Own Big-Data Dogfood: Exquisite Collection with Non-Exquisite Hardware | GS | Tool sets, algorithms and technologies developed to create value from the availability of big data have potential not only to justify and reward the collection of sensor data from space but also to improve the quality of sensor data collection. The 2017 HawkEye360 Pathfinder mission will demonstrate the use of tight interactions between constrained, space-based compute platforms with sensor hardware and an approach to ground-segment data processing typical of cloud-based, Big Data analysis to maximize the performance of payload hardware on-orbit. We present specific examples related to the improvement of time- and frequency-of-arrival (TOA and FOA) estimation for AIS transmissions due to specific-emitter characterization on-orbit made feasible by the application of machine learning to take place on the ground. Using a small corpus of raw AIS data captured from commodity hardware on planes over the Chesapeake Bay, we investigate early prototype machine-learning models and test hypotheses as to on-orbit collection improvements. Providing a description of the compute resources available as part of the HawkEye Pathfinder payload, we discuss system design considerations and practical approaches to deploying payload sensor data collection enhancement as part of an automated system for smallsat data collection, ingestion and enhancement. Limitations facing the application of techniques derived from Big Data analytics to the problem of enhanced payload data collection via specific-emitter characterization arise as part of the system design discussion. The HawkEye Pathfinder power budget and payload processing resources will not support constant execution for the most effective methods to enhance TOA and FOA estimation on-orbit, and sensor connectivity to the ground system lags most terrestrial Big Data processing systems in most aspects. We describe the HawkEye Pathfinder analytic software stack, focusing on how it leverages code and concepts developed to enable Big Data processing and how those concepts extend to facilitate improved sensor data collection as part of a mutual feedback system between space and ground processing components. Typical Big Data business models involving power-sensitive commodity hardware sensors at the periphery of a system serviced by a backbone of cloud compute resources have evolved a number of effective open-source and academic software resources amenable to the smallsat use case. We posit ideas for mitigating these factors through the application of predictive analytics. | ||
| GS071,GS089 | Widjaja S,Long T,Wirajuda H,Van As H,Bergh PE,Brett A,Copeland D,Fernandez M,Gusman A,Juwana S,Others | 2023 | Illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and associated drivers | GS | #N/A | ||
| GS072 | Filippi DP,Elliott G | 2022 | Use of Innovative Tag Technology to Examine Foraging Patterns of Seabirds and Association with Fishing Vessels | GS | New wildlife tracking devices have demonstrated promising results in seabird monitoring and fisheries management. Xargos and Xsputnik loggers were deployed on Antipodean albatrosses in 2019, making use of X band navigation radar detection and real time GPS technology to study seabird movement and foraging patterns at sea, allowing monitoring of in situ interactions with fishing vessels and analysis of which fisheries pose the highest risk of mortality amongst foraging seabirds. | ||
| GS073 | Rowlanda Z | 2022 | Analysis of the impact of volcanic eruptions on fishery resources using Earth Observation data Zachary Rowlanda*, Minh-Trang Nguyen Thib, Georgia Christodoulouc, Eva Fernández-Rodríguezd*, Chukwuma J | GS | In recent years several volcanic eruptions have made headlines for their significant economic and humanitarian costs. Notably these include the eruptions of Cumbre Vieja (La Palma, Spain) and Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai (Fonuafo’ou, Tonga). Both eruptions disturbed not only the human population living around them but also the natural ecosystem, leading to health consequences for marine life due to the change in habitat conditions. In cases such as Tonga, where an estimated 82% of families survive on subsistence fishing, it is necessary to investigate not only damage to property caused by the eruptions but also the impact of the eruptions on marine conditions and consequently the impact on local livelihoods. The aim of this paper is to analyze and perform a comparative study of the effect of several volcanic eruptions on aquatic ecosystems using available Earth Observation data. The methodology of this research considers the study of four eruptions of different volcanoes from which lava flowed to the sea. The four eruptions are: Kīlauea in 2018, Stromboli in 2019, Cumbre Vieja in 2021, and Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai 2021/22. Marine parameters derived from Earth Observation data used in this analysis include sea surface temperature (SST), sea surface height (SSH) turbidity (NDTI), iron concentration (FE) and chlorophyll (NDCI). The research involves the evaluation of the evolution and correlations between these parameters. The results of this study allow for a modelled characterization of volcanic eruptions through prediction of their socio-economic impact in communities dependent on fishing, while improving the understanding of the impact of these events on marine ecosystems. The findings from this research prove that Earth Observation satellite data parameters are essential for an in-depth analysis of the repercussions of volcanic eruptions. | ||
| GS074 | Díaz H,Soares CG | 2020 | An integrated GIS approach for site selection of floating offshore wind farms in the Atlantic continental European coastline | GS | This study presents a novel method for the selection of sites for floating wind farms based on marine spatial optimization. After providing a review of the present state of the art, a tool based on geographic information systems is presented, consisting of three main stages and built in Python language. The first stage collects and analyses the information of the different regulatory bodies, marine spatial planning, maritime concessions and other sources. The second stage excludes not feasible sites for floating wind farms, based mostly on marine space use and on environmental constraints. The third stage characterises the available locations based on five major categories that are spatially dependent: metocean data, viability data, logistics, facilities, marine environment and techno-economic data. The proposed methodology is implemented at the Europe Atlantic coast, with specific reference to Portugal, Spain and France. These three countries together combine 3.362.408 km2 of the Atlantic Exclusive Economic Zone, where in only 0.22% of that area could host floating offshore wind turbines. While further detailed studies about locations and legislative considerations are required, the effort made has contributed to eliminate unsuitable areas and identify those where sustainability can be maximized. | ||
| GS075 | Mazurek R,Burroughs L | NA | WHO’S IN YOUR BACKYARD? | GS | This brief highlights five state-based solutions, developed with delegates during the Caught Red- Handed workshops, to increase maritime domain awareness and decrease illegal fishing in the Indian Ocean. |
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| GS076 | Dudev E,Meijer M | NA | Detecting suspicious ship outages in the AIS protocol | GS | This paper describes an algorithm for detecting suspicious activity of vessels on water, based on the AIS messages they send periodically. It deals with some large-scale analysis and visualization problems and describes several filters and algorithms that can be combined to detect outages that are suspcious. | ||
| GS077 | Delord K,Poupart T,Gasco N,Weimerskirch H,Barbraud C | 2022 | First evidence of migration across the South Pacific in endangered Amsterdam albatross and conservation implications | GS | Albatrosses are amongst the most globally-threatened species and fisheries bycatch is one of the major conservation issues worldwide. Among the albatrosses the Amsterdam albatross is listed as one of the most endangered species. Within the current National Plan of Actions framework, the present study outlines the first results of a multi-year survey evaluating juvenile dispersal and immature at sea distribution using geolocation and conservation implications. Here we report the first evidence of an Amsterdam albatross wandering for extensive periods outside the Indian Ocean, in the Pacific Ocean. This unprecedented and novel finding is discussed in terms of overlaps with fisheries and conservations issues. This study brings new insights on movements of vagrant stages of an endangered species, paving the way for refined assessments updates of species vulnerability to ongoing anthropogenic threats while providing basic conservation guidance. This makes it possible to point out the responsibility of the various management bodies both for the high seas regional fisheries management organisations and for exclusive economic zones. | ||
| GS078 | Kapsar K,Sullender B,Liu J,Poe A | 2022 | North Pacific and Arctic marine traffic dataset (2015--2020) | GS | In this paper, we present a spatially explicit dataset of monthly shipping intensity in the Pacific Arctic region from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2020. We calculated shipping intensity based on Automatic Identification System (AIS) data, a type of GPS transmitter required by the International Maritime Organization on all ships over 300 gross tonnes on an international voyage, all cargo ships over 500 gross tonnes, and all passenger ships. We used AIS data received by the exactEarth satellite constellation (64 satellites as of 2020), ensuring spatial coverage regardless of national jurisdiction or remoteness. Our analytical approach converted raw AIS input into monthly raster and vector datasets, separated by vessel type. We first filtered raw AIS messages to remove spurious records and GPS errors, then joined remaining vessel positional records with static messages including descriptive attributes. We further categorized these messages into one of four general ship types (cargo; tanker; fishing; and other). For the vector dataset, we spatially intersected AIS messages with a hexagon (hex) grid and calculated the number of unique ships, the number of unique ships per day (summed over each month), and the average and standard deviation of the speed over ground. We calculated these values for each month for all vessels as well as vessels subdivided by ship type and for messages from vessels > 65 feet long and traveling > 10 knots. For the raster dataset, we created a series of spatially explicit daily vessel tracks according to unique voyages and aggregated tracks by ship type and month. We then created a raster grid and calculated the total length, in meters, of all vessel tracks within each raster cell. These monthly datasets provide a critical snapshot of dynamic commercial and natural systems in the Pacific Arctic region. Recent declines in sea ice have lengthened the duration of the shipping season and have expanded the spatial coverage of large vessel routes, from the Aleutian Islands through the Bering Strait and into the southern Chukchi Sea. As vessel traffic has increased, the social and natural systems of these regions have been increasingly exposed to the risks posed by large ships, including oil spills, underwater noise pollution, large cetacean ship-strikes, and discharges of pollutants. This dataset provides scientific researchers, regulatory managers, local community members, maritime industry representatives, and other decision makers with a quantitative means to evaluate the distribution and intensity of shipping across space and through time. | ||
| GS079 | Acuña Barros JA | 2018 | Feasibility study on the expansion to phases 2 and 3 of the global record of fishing vessels, refrigerated transport vessels and supply vessels | GS | The Global Record of Fishing Vessels, Refrigerated Transport Vessels and Supply Vessels (Global Record) is a phased and collaborative global initiative to make available, in a rapid way, certified data from State authorities about vessels and vesselrelated activities. The programme aims towards providing a single access point for information on vessels used for fishing and fishing-related activities with the primary objective being to combat illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing by enhancing transparency and traceability. Given the difficulties that large number of fishing vessels could generate in the usability of the Information System and in the allocation of reliable International Maritime Organization (IMO) numbers to existing fishing vessels, a feasibility study was conducted. This feasibility study aims to identify key criteria and mínimum requirements to minimize the number of fishing vessels that will be needed to increase the usability of the system without undermining its main objective of fighting (IUU) fishing by means of enhancing transparency. The main challenges encountered were the important and numerous gaps related with the current global number of fishing vessels which strongly undermines transparency. Several circumstances as the reluctance of some Flag States to report vessel numbers and a high number of Regional Bodies with no harmonization of databases what difficult data aggregation, among others. Preliminary results emerge that criteria such as vessels fishing activities in High Seas or other Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZs), type of vessel and historical IUU fishing activities reported, could be used to define a minimum length boundary of inclusion. Nevertheless, a complementary study should be realized by the company IHSM&T, in charge of managing the IMO Ship Identification Number Scheme, to determine their issuing capacity to allocate IMO numbers to existing fishing vessels. | ||
| GS080 | Bunwaree P | 2023 | The illegality of fishing vessels ‘going dark’and methods of deterrence | GS | Given recent data regarding fishing vessels switching off their Automatic Identification Systems (AIS) in the Western Indian Ocean, this article assesses the potential illegality of the practice by analysing national and international legislation. It shows that the enforcement of AIS laws is generally poor, and although these are becoming increasingly robust in some jurisdictions, the sanctions are not severe enough to act as deterrents. Furthermore, this article suggests that the insurance industry enables the practice of switching off AIS through weak due diligence practices. Insurers have a role to play in curbing such illegal behaviour, and it is not discretionary. | ||
| GS081 | Gimeno M,Giménez J,Chiaradia A,Davis LS,Seddon PJ,Ropert-Coudert Y,Reisinger RR,Coll M,Ramírez F | 2024 | Climate and human stressors on global penguin hotspots: Current assessments for future conservation | GS | As charismatic and iconic species, penguins can act as “ambassadors” or flagship species to promote the conservation of marine habitats in the Southern Hemisphere. Unfortunately, there is a lack of reliable, comprehensive, and systematic analysis aimed at compiling spatially explicit assessments of the multiple impacts that the world's 18 species of penguin are facing. We provide such an assessment by combining the available penguin occurrence information from Global Biodiversity Information Facility (>800,000 occurrences) with three main stressors: climate-driven environmental changes at sea, industrial fisheries, and human disturbances on land. Our analyses provide a quantitative assessment of how these impacts are unevenly distributed spatially within species' distribution ranges. Consequently, contrasting pressures are expected among species, and populations within species. The areas coinciding with the greatest impacts for penguins are the coast of Perú, the Patagonian Shelf, the Benguela upwelling region, and the Australian and New Zealand coasts. When weighting these potential stressors with species-specific vulnerabilities, Humboldt (Spheniscus humboldti), African (Spheniscus demersus), and Chinstrap penguin (Pygoscelis antarcticus) emerge as the species under the most pressure. Our approach explicitly differentiates between climate and human stressors, since the more achievable management of local anthropogenic stressors (e.g., fisheries and land-based threats) may provide a suitable means for facilitating cumulative impacts on penguins, especially where they may remain resilient to global processes such as climate change. Moreover, our study highlights some poorly represented species such as the Northern Rockhopper (Eudyptes moseleyi), Snares (Eudyptes robustus), and Erect-crested penguin (Eudyptes sclateri) that need internationally coordinated efforts for data acquisition and data sharing to understand their spatial distribution properly. | ||
| GS082 | Oloruntobi O,Chuah LF,Mokhtar K,Gohari A,Rady A,Abo-Eleneen RE,Akhtar MS,Mubashir M | 2024 | Decarbonising ASEAN coastal shipping: Addressing climate change and coastal ecosystem issues through sustainable carbon neutrality strategies | GS | This study analyzes the impact of ASEAN's goal of achieving carbon neutrality by 2050 on climate change and coastal ecosystems by examining carbon emissions and energy usage from 2019 to 2050 using different scenarios to reduce emissions and meet global temperature goals. This research proposes strategies to reduce carbon emissions and mitigate climate change effects on coastal ecosystems, focusing on evaluating CO2 emissions from ASEAN's coastal shipping sector. Geospatial data was used to analyze ship activity and develop carbon neutrality strategies. Various sources are used to gather data, including the Maritime Portal, exact Earth AIS, FASA and GFW. This study finds that container ships emitted 13.7 × 106 t of CO2 in 2019, with the transportation sector contributing 3.8% of the total greenhouse gas in 2020. Without regulations, CO2 emissions could increase fourfold by 2050. The study recommends implementing policies such as adopting clean fuels, energy efficiency standards and fuel-related regulations to reduce CO2 emissions by 65–80% by 2050. It also emphasizes the importance of cleaner technologies, regulatory considerations and collaboration, which would have positive implications for coastal ecosystems. This study is beneficial to professionals in the maritime and shipping industries, policy makers, environmental consultants, sustainability specialists, and international organizations. | ||
| GS083 | Walton GW,Keen M,Hanich Q | 2022 | Can greater transparency improve the sustainability of Pacific fisheries? | GS | International and regional organisations promote transparency on the basis that it can improve the sustainability of fisheries, yet the processes involved, and the outcomes of transparency initiatives, are often opaque and misunderstood. This article examines efforts to improve transparency in the tuna fisheries of the Pacific Island region, with our analysis focusing on members of the Pacific Islands Forum, excluding metropolitan countries New Zealand and Australia. It draws on a tripartite framework to examine transparency initiatives and outcomes associated with the Pacific Islands' tuna fisheries. It finds that efforts to improve transparency have mainly focused on increasing or sustaining economic gains for the region’s governments but much less on enhancing transparency of policy-making, decision-making and policy outcomes, especially at the domestic level. Weaknesses in regional and national institutions, and concerns about corruption, overfishing, and sustainability persist. We argue that to improve transparency and sustainability in the fisheries of the Pacific Island region, policy makers and researchers need to better understand and respond to the multiple interests and actors shaping behaviour in the tuna fisheries between different administrative scales. | ||
| GS084,WOS102 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps13439 | Bonnet-Lebrun AS,Catry P,Clark TJ,Campioni L,Kuepfer A,Tierny M,Kilbride E,Wakefield ED | 2020 | Habitat preferences, foraging behaviour and bycatch risk among breeding sooty shearwaters Ardenna grisea in the Southwest Atlantic | GS,WOS | Pelagic seabirds are important components of many marine ecosystems. The most abundant species are medium/small sized petrels (< 1100 g), yet the sub-mesoscale (< 10 km) distribution, habitat use and foraging behaviour of this group are not well understood. Sooty shearwaters Ardenna grisea are among the world's most numerous pelagic seabirds. The majority inhabit the Pacific, where they have declined, partly due to bycatch and other anthropogenic impacts, but they are increasing in the Atlantic. To evaluate the sub-mesoscale habitat preferences (i.e. the disproportionality between habitat use and availability), diving behaviour and bycatch risk of Atlantic breeders, we tracked sooty shearwaters from the Falkland Islands during late incubation and early chick-rearing with GPS loggers (n = 20), geolocators (n = 10) and time-depth recorders (n = 10). These birds foraged exclusively in neritic and shelf-break waters, principally over the Burdwood Bank, similar to 350 km from their colony. Like New Zealand breeders, they dived mostly during daylight, especially at dawn and dusk, consistent with the exploitation of vertically migrating prey. However, Falkland birds made shorter foraging trips, shallower dives, and did not forage in oceanic waters. Their overlap with fisheries was low, and they foraged at shallower depths than those targeted by trawlers, the most frequent fishing vessels encountered, indicating that bycatch risk was low during late incubation/early chick-rearing. Although our results should be treated with caution, they indicate that Atlantic and Pacific sooty shearwaters may experience markedly differing pressures at sea. Comparative study between these populations, e.g. combining biologging and demography, is therefore warranted. | |
| GS085 | Coro G,Tassetti AN,Armelloni EN,Pulcinella J | NA | COVID-19 lockdowns reveal the resilience of Adriatic Sea fisheries to forced fishing effort reduction-Supplementary Information | GS | This document complements the information reported in the main manuscript. It is organised as follows: Section 1 reports background information on fishing activity monitoring based on vessel tracking data. It also describes the fisheries of the Adriatic Sea and the currently active management strategies, with a mention of COVID-19 restrictions in the Adriatic Sea countries. Section 2 contains the descriptions of the primary data sources used for the experiments described in the main document. Section 3 reports the algorithmic details of our analyses. Section 4 provides numerical details to support the results reported in the main document. Section 5 reports information about the project in which our study was conducted. Finally, Sections S1-S4 report additional charts, per gear, of monthly fishing effort (S1), barycentre shifts (S2), annual (S3) and monthly (S4) effort in locations with medium and high concentrations of endangered, threatened and protected (ETP) species, and fleet-assessment analysis charts (S5). |
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| GS086 | De Santo EM | 2018 | Implementation challenges of area-based management tools (ABMTs) for biodiversity beyond national jurisdiction (BBNJ) | GS | Area-based management tools (ABMTs), including marine protected areas (MPAs) are widely recognized as a key mechanism for conserving and restoring biodiversity. The developing international legally-binding instrument (ILBI) on biodiversity beyond national jurisdiction (BBNJ) is considering a range of approaches to ABMTs. While the process is still in early stages, this paper looks ahead to anticipate implementation challenges for ABMTs, given previous experiences with regional fisheries management organizations (RFMOs) and high seas MPAs. Drawing on the implementation of MPAs under the OSPAR Convention and the Convention on the Conservation of Antarctic Living Marine Resources (CCAMLR), key suggestions revolve around: (1) improving the evidence basis for protecting BBNJ, (2) designing effective compliance and enforcement mechanisms, and (3) engaging adequately with relevant stakeholders. In addition to the case studies, which are primarily marine pollution and fishing-oriented, considerations related to mitigating the effects of deep sea mining and the harvesting of marine genetic resources are also touched upon. | ||
| GS088 | Ebrahimirad AA | 2024 | Technologies of Transparency: The Role of Information and Communications Technologies in Promoting Labour Rights in Distant Water Fisheries | GS | Ethical production networks and supply chains have garnered significant attention in both academia and industry. The ethical supply chain has become a topic of significant debate in the global fishing industry in particular, and especially in distant water fishing (DWF). Monitoring labour rights/abuses presents a challenge in this field, as workers are employed on fishing vessels operating in isolated and remote waters, often outside any effective oversight or regulation. This study aims to investigate the potential of various information and communication technologies (ICTs) in tracking, monitoring, and promoting labour rights in DWF. In pursuing this question, I use the intersection of global production networks (GPN) and labour regimes as a theoretical framework. While GPN theory addresses the institutions, actors and power relations in global production processes, labour regime theory provides a conceptual understanding of how workers are both disciplined and exert agency within global production systems. The study is based on qualitative interviews with stakeholders who are active in both developing and deploying various technologies in relation to migrant labour rights in fisheries, complemented by an extensive review of secondary documentation. The findings indicate that, within this framework, ICTs can be primarily classified into two distinct categories based on their approach to monitoring and observing labour conditions: a) remote monitoring and b) on-board/community-based monitoring and reporting systems. I will argue that the use of such technologies holds significant potential for advancing transparency and accountability in terms of the labour rights and working conditions of fishing crews. In this way, new possibilities for labour agency and the re-regulation of labour regimes in global production are being opened up, while, at the same time, limitations on the application of ICTs still remain. | ||
| GS089 | Frawley TH,Muhling B,Brodie S,Blondin H,Welch H,Arostegui MC,Bograd SJ,Braun CD,Cimino MA,Farchadi N,Others | 2024 | Dynamic human, oceanographic, and ecological factors mediate transboundary fishery overlap across the Pacific high seas | GS | The management and conservation of tuna and other transboundary marine species have to date been limited by an incomplete understanding of the oceanographic, ecological and socioeconomic factors mediating fishery overlap and interactions, and how these factors vary across expansive, open ocean habitats. Despite advances in fisheries monitoring and biologging technology, few attempts have been made to conduct integrated ecological analyses at basin scales relevant to pelagic fisheries and the highly migratory species they target. Here, we use vessel tracking data, archival tags, observer records, and machine learning to examine inter- and intra-annual variability in fisheries overlap (2013–2020) of five pelagic longline fishing fleets with North Pacific albacore tuna (Thunnus alalunga, Scombridae). Although progressive declines in catch and biomass have been observed over the past several decades, the North Pacific albacore is one of the only Pacific tuna stocks primarily targeted by pelagic longlines not currently listed as overfished or experiencing overfishing. We find that fishery overlap varies significantly across time and space as mediated by (1) differences in habitat preferences between juvenile and adult albacore; (2) variation of oceanographic features known to aggregate pelagic biomass; and (3) the different spatial niches targeted by shallow-set and deep-set longline fishing gear. These findings may have significant implications for stock assessment in this and other transboundary fishery systems, particularly the reliance on fishery-dependent data to index abundance. Indeed, we argue that additional consideration of how overlap, catchability, and size selectivity parameters vary over time and space may be required to ensure the development of robust, equitable, and climate-resilient harvest control rules. | ||
| GS090 | Gutierrez M,Lemma A,Gutierrez G,Montenegro C | 2024 | Fishy Business | GS | This study reveals the scale, form and behaviour of the domestic and foreign fleets operating within the exclusive economic zones of Ecuador, Peru, Senegal, Ghana and the Philippines. It also investigates the domestic and foreign companies that own or operate vessels in these countries’ exclusive economic zones (EEZs). For the first time, this analysis estimates the impact of fishing businesses with a track record of unsustainable practices on these five countries’ economies, employment and well-being. The report expresses in human terms the loss of opportunity these five countries face by allowing companies with a history of misconduct to operate in their waters, offering a powerful argument for transparency and grounds for reform. The study – which includes data from 2021 and 2022 – uses data analytics, maps, deep learning algorithms, probabilistic statistics and ontextual data to analyse, compare and interpret registry data, satellite data and economic, employment and poverty indicators – highlighting the importance of data availability and representativeness for sustainable development, too. This study fills a crucial knowledge gap in fisheries, as effective policies hinge on transparency and understanding illicit practices. |
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| GS092 | Phillips-Levine T,Phillips-Levine D,Mills W | NA | Tag Archives: featured | GS | #N/A | ||
| GS093 | Read AD,McBride C,Spencer T,Anderson P,Smith J,Costa T,Clementz S,Dowd A | 2019 | Preventing noncompliance in marine protected areas using a real-time alert system | GS | Effective compliance is a key element to the successful management of marine protected areas (MPAs), and requires a suite of tools to generate awareness of MPA rules, and monitor and regulate their use. Using vessel monitoring systems and creating geo-fences around MPA boundaries is an innovative approach to improve such awareness to vessel masters and commercial fishing licence holders with these systems on-board. In 2014, Parks Australia in partnership with the Australian Fisheries Management Authority (AFMA) introduced a purpose-built alert service for commercial fishing licence holders operating in Australian Commonwealth fisheries managed by AFMA that overlap with MPAs (Australian marine parks). The alert service is customised for each individual fishing vessel to notify masters and licence holders when they enter Australian marine parks where their particular fishing method is prohibited. Since the introduction of the alert service in 25 marine parks, fishers have received 3307 alerts, across eight fisheries. It is estimated that 23 of these alerts averted compliance incidents, in turn protecting marine park values and saving AUD$4.7 million in litigation costs. Of significance, there has been no recorded incidence of noncompliance by Australian commercial fishing licence holders and their vessel master's with access to the alert service since its introduction. The information presented here is the first empirical analysis of the effectiveness of geo-fencing to minimise noncompliance in MPAs. The alert service has the potential to become a front-line tool for supporting compliance by commercial fishing licence holders and their master's in Australian marine parks and other large-scale MPAs and MPA networks, globally. | ||
| GS094 | Bargnesi F,Moro S,Leone A,Giovos I,Ferretti F | 2022 | New technologies can support data collection on endangered shark species in the Mediterranean Sea | GS | In the last 50 yr, shark populations showed steep declines in the Mediterranean Sea.The IUCN lists most Mediterranean species as threatened (55%), while considering 27.5% of them Data Deficient. Here, sharks are currently one of the rarest and more elusive groups of animals, and data from fisheries and scientific monitoring still insufficiently support robust abundance and distribution assessments. New technologies can fill this data gap by linking people and scientists through new monitoring strategies. SharkPulse, an international collaborative project, aims at creating a large world database of shark occurrence records by mining images on the web, social networks, and private archives. Here we analyzed 1186 sharkPulse records from the Mediterranean Sea. We collected records to characterize spatio-temporal patterns on 37 species, highlighting distribution changes for 5, and, by using generalized linear models, estimating trends in sighting for the most abundant species. With 273 records, Hexanchus griseus had the most sighting records since the beginning of the series. We identified pupping areas and aggregation sites for immature Prionace glauca and Isurus oxyrinchus; pinpointed strongholds of the Critically Endangered Squatina squatina to focus conservation efforts; and identified broader than previously reported regional distribution ranges for Alopias superciliosus, Dalatias licha, Heptranchias perlo, H. griseus, Oxynotus centrina, and P. glauca. We confirmed that fishing is still the major threat for Mediterranean sharks and call for a greater effort in controlling the emerging patterns with efficient conservation effort indexes. If properly standardized, opportunistic data can efficiently and cost-effectively advance our understanding of shark abundance, distribution, and conservation status. | ||
| GS095 | Telesetsky A | 2014 | Scuttling IUU fishing and rewarding sustainable fishing: Enhancing the effectiveness of the port state measures agreement with trade-related measures | GS | #N/A | ||
| GS096 | Hassan A,Khokhar SS | 2024 | Internet of Things-Enabled Vessel Monitoring System for Enhanced Maritime Safety and Tracking at Sea | GS | This paper describes a system designed for tracking vessels in maritime environments. The system includes 10 base stations that cover the major regions of the territorial waters of Pakistan. Each base station has two reception towers that can pick up signals from ships on four VHF frequencies. The data is modulated using Binary phase-shift keying (BPSK-500) and sent to a base station, where it is processed using a demodu-lator for BPSK-500 signals. Various data processing algorithms implemented in Python programming language are then used for further data processing. The system was tested by tracking the GPS coordinates of two vessels and plotting them on an interactive map. The results indicate that the system is accurate in tracking vessels' locations, even at large distances. Additionally, the system can determine the distance between a vessel and a base station with a high accuracy of about 50 meters. However, further research is necessary to determine how well the system can track multiple vessels simultaneously. | ||
| GS097 | Darby JH,de Grissac S,Arneill GE,Pirotta E,Waggitt JJ,Börger L,Shepard E,Cabot D,Owen E,Bolton M,Others | 2021 | Foraging distribution of breeding northern fulmars is predicted by commercial fisheries | GS | Habitat-use and distribution models are essential tools of conservation biology. For wide-ranging species, such models may be challenged by the expanse, remoteness and variability of their habitat, these challenges often being compounded by the species’ mobility. In marine environments, direct observations and sampling are usually impractical over broad regions, and instead remotely sensed proxies of prey availability are often used to link species abundance or foraging behaviour to areas that are expected to provide food consistently. One source of food consumed by many marine top predators is fisheries waste, but habitat-use models rarely account for this interaction. We assessed the utility of commercial fishing effort as a covariate in foraging habitat models for northern fulmars Fulmarus glacialis, a species known to exploit fisheries waste, during their summer breeding season. First, we investigated the prevalence of fulmar-vessel interactions using concurrently tracked fulmars and fishing vessels. We infer that over half of our study individuals associate with fishing vessels while foraging, mostly with trawl-type vessels. We then used hidden Markov models to explain the spatio-temporal distribution of putative foraging behaviour as a function of a range of covariates. Persistent commercial fishing effort was a significant predictor of foraging behaviour, and was more important than commonly used environmental covariates retained in the model. This study demonstrates the effect of commercial fisheries on the foraging distribution and behaviour of a marine top predator, and supports the idea that, in some systems, incorporating human activities into distribution studies can improve model fit substantially. | ||
| GS099 | Pécastaing N,Salavarriga J | 2022 | The potential impact of fishing in peruvian marine protected areas (MPAs) on artisanal fishery poverty during El Niño events | GS | In Peru, the fishing sector, particularly artisanal fishing, is one of the most impacted by El Niño phenomenon. One possible adaptation strategy to mitigate the negative economic effects of El Niño is the development of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs). This study measures the effect on poverty of artisanal fishers of being able to fish in Peruvian MPAs in the face of the El Niño. Therefore, using propensity score matching, we estimated the effect of the El Niño 2015 event on the income of fishers by comparing the poverty levels of fishers with and without access to the MPAs. The study estimated no significant effect of the MPAs on probability of poverty reduction in two out of three MPAs but a 29% (17%;42%) was detected at one MPA. The results indicate that fishing in Peruvian MPAs could reduce the vulnerability of artisanal fishers to El Niño. Additionally, this study concludes that the estimated impact in reducing the effects of El Niño on the poverty depends largely on the participation of fishers in its management and highlights the importance of taking a transdisciplinary and cross sector approach to MPA design and management to ensure the potential benefits of MPAs can be realised. | ||
| GS100 | Rousseau Y | 2020 | Predicting the future of global seafood production | GS | Understanding the impact of global fisheries on ecological and human systems is intimately linked to the yield of the ocean, the combination of marine resources and how to access them, i.e. fishing fleets. A major current limitation is the lack of integration of fishing fleets with ecological data, critical for understanding the sustainability of global fisheries. To address this research gap, I collected and classified 151 countries legal definitions of fishing sectors according to language, technology or fishing vessel characteristics. Based on these definitions, I reconstructed the global engine power, vessels number and fishing effort from 1950 to 2015, separating industrial and artisanal sectors. The fishing effort was then mapped, leveraging on existing mapped catch data, and compared with satellite tracking. Various models have attempted to express the global ocean's yield, but the uncertainty was found to be vast, due to disciplinary shortcomings. Lack of harmonization of terms, particularly in fishing sector, impede the comparability of studies, and require further examination. These sectoral-specific hurdles reflected in the fishing fleets, the rate of change varying vastly between sectors. Globally, vessel numbers, engine power and fishing effort have increased in almost all regions since the 1950s. Only the most developed countries showed signs of stabilization and fleet reduction. Conversely, the global catch per unit of effort has decreased drastically since the 1950s, highlighting the strain on marine resources and hinting at future declines, particularly in Southeast Asia. Mapping of the effort confirmed the disparate nature of global fishing and highlighted the lack of detail of the artisanal sector. Future work is required to improve estimates of fisheries efficiency. A better understanding of the global yield and the links between fisheries and the oceans might be facilitated by integrating fleets in models, which this thesis has described in detail. | ||
| GS101 | Pacific MA | 2021 | The quantification of illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing in the Pacific Islands region--A 2020 update | GS | Illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing is a recognised global problem that undermines the integrity of responsible fisheries management arrangements and results in lost value to coastal states (e.g. FAO, 2002; Agnew et al, 2009). The first attempt at quantifying the value and volume of IUU fishing in tuna fisheries within the Pacific Islands region was undertaken in 2016 using data from 2010-2015 (MRAG Asia Pacific, 2016). That study estimated the total volume of product either harvested or transhipped involving IUU activity in Pacific tuna fisheries was 306,440t, with an ex-vessel value of $616.11m. Nevertheless, the authors noted that the data and information underlying many of the estimates were highly uncertain and that the outputs should be seen as a ‘first cut’. In order to assess changes in the nature and extent of IUU fishing since that time, this study was commissioned as part of the Global Environment Facility-funded Pacific Islands Oceanic Fisheries Management Project II (OFMP II) to undertake a ‘2020 update’ of the original estimates. Broadly, the aim was to undertake an ‘apples vs apples’ update of the original estimates, using a consistent methodology and taking into account the latest available information. The study period covered the years 2017-2019. Importantly, this preceded any COVID-19 related impacts on monitoring, control and surveillance (MCS) and IUU activity in the region. Broadly, we used a ‘bottom up’ approach to quantify IUU fishing activity across key IUU risks in four categories: (i) unlicensed/unauthorised fishing, (ii) misreporting, (iii) non-compliance with other license conditions (e.g. shark finning) and (iv) post harvest risks (e.g. illegal transhipping). ‘Best estimate’ and minimum/maximum range values were generated for each risk, taking into account the best available information. Monte Carlo simulation was then used to produce probabilistic estimates of IUU activity, taking into account probability distributions assigned within the minimum and maximum range values. Using this approach, estimates of IUU volume and value were developed for each of the three main fishing sectors - purse seine (PS), tropical longline (TLL) and southern longline (SLL) – and then aggregated to produce an overall estimate for Pacific Islands region tuna fisheries. While the same basic approach to estimating IUU was used between the 2016 and 2020 studies, a number of changes were made to the information underlying estimation of individual risks. In some cases, this was driven by new information becoming available (e.g. to estimate the scope for illegal transhipment), while in other cases the information previously used to support estimates for the 2016 study was no longer available. For some risks, these changes of information had substantial impacts on the estimated volume and value between studies. | ||
| GS102 | Chawla AK,Pvsm A,Nm VSM,Suri CG | NA | Maritime Domain Awareness (MDA) in the Indo-Pacific and the Way Ahead for Indo-Pacific Partnership for MDA (IPMDA) | GS | At the 75th UN General Assembly in September of 2020, Chinese President Xi Jinping announced that China’s overall carbon dioxide (CO 2) emissions will peak by 2030 and that carbon neutrality will be reached before 2060 (China Dialogue, 2020). This is a huge commitment for China as the world’s largest emitter of greenhouse gases (GHG) in 2019 (UCS, 2022) and as the second largest economy. One year later, China released an action plan designed to cap its CO 2 emissions before 2030 (National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) People’s Republic of China, n.d.). But the world is still waiting to learn what “carbon neutralization” means for the country, and what an action plan for reaching this target by 2060 will look like. Informing these goals is a study by the Institute for Climate Change and Sustainable Development at Tsinghua University (ICCSD), which offers insight into China’s long-term, low-carbon development strategy and transition pathways (Tianjie, 2020; ICCSD, 2021). For the transportation sector, the report concluded that an 83% reduction in the sector’s overall CO 2 emissions by 2050 compared to 2020 would be needed to align with the 1.5°C cap on global temperature recommended by the 2015 Paris Agreement. As we await the unveiling of official level of ambition by 2060 and a long-term action plan for the shipping sector, the ICCT takes a first look at China’s domestic coastal shipping sector and provides recommendations for actionable long-term decarbonization pathways designed to avoid exceeding its current share of transportation-sector CO2. Specifically, we used the sector’s 2019 activities, energy consumption, and CO 2 emissions as the study’s baseline and projected those out to 2060 under three scenarios: a) Business-as-usual (BAU), which assumes that the sector’s energy consumption will be governed only by adopted policies, with no new policies proposed and implemented after 2019; b) a 2°C-aligned scenario, which assumes coastal shipping maintains its 2019 share of a 2°C transportation sector CO 2 budget in future years; and c) a 1.5°C-aligned scenario, which assumes that the sector maintains its 2019 share of the 1.5°C CO2 budget for the transportation sector. The 2°C-aligned and 1.5°C-aligned scenarios require 44%, and 83% reductions, respectively, in CO 2 emissions in 2060 compared with the 2019 baseline. We considered two broad categories of policy actions in addition to adopted policies to reach the goals of 2°C-aligned and 1.5°C-aligned scenarios: improving energy efficiency and reducing the carbon intensity of shipping fuel.1 Finally, because fuel carbon intensity regulations (or low-carbon fuel regulations) are crucial to decarbonizing the shipping industry and are currently less mature and more costly than energy efficiency improvements, we considered two different implementation schedules for each of the 2°C-aligned and 1.5°C-aligned scenarios, while keeping their targets intact. We found that: •In 2019, China’s coastal shipping sector emitted about 45 million tonnes of CO 2, or roughly 4.5% of total CO 2 emissions from China’s transportation sector. With no additional policies, CO 2 emissions from China’s domestic coastal shipping would more than triple to more than 162 million tonnes in 2060. •With the help of mandatory energy efficiency standards as well as low-carbon fuel regulations, CO 2 emissions from China’s domestic coastal shipping could peak by 2040 and fall significantly by 2060. We proposed two possible pathways for achieving this: oWith mandatory energy efficiency standards tightened every five years between 2025 and 2045 for newbuild ships, and with low-carbon fuel regulations slowly phasing in from 2030, CO 2 emissions could peak by 2040 and decrease by 56% in 2060 relative to the 2019 baseline, which is aligned with the 2°C-target set for the transportation sector in the ICCSD report. The average carbon intensity of the fleet could fall by 79% relative to the 2019 baseline. oWith more stringent mandatory energy efficiency standards to be implemented between 2025 and 2045, and with low-carbon fuel regulations phasing in five years earlier (beginning in 2025), CO 2 emissions could peak by 2035 and decrease by 83% in 2060 relative to the 2019 baseline, which is aligned with the 1.5°C-target set for the transportation sector in the ICCSD report. The average carbon intensity of the fleet could fall by 92% relative to the 2019 baseline. •It is essential that low-carbon fuel regulations be implemented no later than 2030. If delayed until 2046 after expiration of mandatory energy efficiency standards, the required rate of fuel carbon intensity reduction would be dauntingly high for the industry. |
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| GS103 | Mao X,Meng Z | 2022 | Decarbonizing China’s coastal shipping: The role of fuel efficiency and low-carbon fuels | GS | At the 75th UN General Assembly in September of 2020, Chinese President Xi Jinping announced that China’s overall carbon dioxide (CO 2) emissions will peak by 2030 and that carbon neutrality will be reached before 2060 (China Dialogue, 2020). This is a huge commitment for China as the world’s largest emitter of greenhouse gases (GHG) in 2019 (UCS, 2022) and as the second largest economy. One year later, China released an action plan designed to cap its CO 2 emissions before 2030 (National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) People’s Republic of China, n.d.). But the world is still waiting to learn what “carbon neutralization” means for the country, and what an action plan for reaching this target by 2060 will look like. Informing these goals is a study by the Institute for Climate Change and Sustainable Development at Tsinghua University (ICCSD), which offers insight into China’s long-term, low-carbon development strategy and transition pathways (Tianjie, 2020; ICCSD, 2021). For the transportation sector, the report concluded that an 83% reduction in the sector’s overall CO 2 emissions by 2050 compared to 2020 would be needed to align with the 1.5°C cap on global temperature recommended by the 2015 Paris Agreement. As we await the unveiling of official level of ambition by 2060 and a long-term action plan for the shipping sector, the ICCT takes a first look at China’s domestic coastal shipping sector and provides recommendations for actionable long-term decarbonization pathways designed to avoid exceeding its current share of transportation-sector CO2. Specifically, we used the sector’s 2019 activities, energy consumption, and CO 2 emissions as the study’s baseline and projected those out to 2060 under three scenarios: a) Business-as-usual (BAU), which assumes that the sector’s energy consumption will be governed only by adopted policies, with no new policies proposed and implemented after 2019; b) a 2°C-aligned scenario, which assumes coastal shipping maintains its 2019 share of a 2°C transportation sector CO 2 budget in future years; and c) a 1.5°C-aligned scenario, which assumes that the sector maintains its 2019 share of the 1.5°C CO2 budget for the transportation sector. The 2°C-aligned and 1.5°C-aligned scenarios require 44%, and 83% reductions, respectively, in CO 2 emissions in 2060 compared with the 2019 baseline. We considered two broad categories of policy actions in addition to adopted policies to reach the goals of 2°C-aligned and 1.5°C-aligned scenarios: improving energy efficiency and reducing the carbon intensity of shipping fuel.1 Finally, because fuel carbon intensity regulations (or low-carbon fuel regulations) are crucial to decarbonizing the shipping industry and are currently less mature and more costly than energy efficiency improvements, we considered two different implementation schedules for each of the 2°C-aligned and 1.5°C-aligned scenarios, while keeping their targets intact. We found that: •In 2019, China’s coastal shipping sector emitted about 45 million tonnes of CO 2, or roughly 4.5% of total CO 2 emissions from China’s transportation sector. With no additional policies, CO 2 emissions from China’s domestic coastal shipping would more than triple to more than 162 million tonnes in 2060. •With the help of mandatory energy efficiency standards as well as low-carbon fuel regulations, CO 2 emissions from China’s domestic coastal shipping could peak by 2040 and fall significantly by 2060. We proposed two possible pathways for achieving this: oWith mandatory energy efficiency standards tightened every five years between 2025 and 2045 for newbuild ships, and with low-carbon fuel regulations slowly phasing in from 2030, CO 2 emissions could peak by 2040 and decrease by 56% in 2060 relative to the 2019 baseline, which is aligned with the 2°C-target set for the transportation sector in the ICCSD report. The average carbon intensity of the fleet could fall by 79% relative to the 2019 baseline. oWith more stringent mandatory energy efficiency standards to be implemented between 2025 and 2045, and with low-carbon fuel regulations phasing in five years earlier (beginning in 2025), CO 2 emissions could peak by 2035 and decrease by 83% in 2060 relative to the 2019 baseline, which is aligned with the 1.5°C-target set for the transportation sector in the ICCSD report. The average carbon intensity of the fleet could fall by 92% relative to the 2019 baseline. •It is essential that low-carbon fuel regulations be implemented no later than 2030. If delayed until 2046 after expiration of mandatory energy efficiency standards, the required rate of fuel carbon intensity reduction would be dauntingly high for the industry. |
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| GS104 | Morgan NB | 2021 | A Multiple Scale Approach to Understand Connectivity and Fragmentation of Seamount Megafaunal Assemblages in the North Pacific | GS | In the North Pacific, seamounts are important ecological hotspots for deep-sea species found below 200 m. Connectivity of deep-sea fauna in this area is of great interest to fisheries and conservation management for possible restoration and mitigation of anthropogenic impacts. This work examines how seamount fauna are connected at multiple scales to further understand how the variety of seamount habitats can impact the distribution and connectivity of those assemblages. To look at connectivity at a fine scale, environmental data and assemblage structure was analyzed from image data between three sides of Mokumanamana seamount between 200 and 700 m of depth. The assemblages found at the three sides are significantly different (global R=0.807, p=0.001), though shallower assemblages are more similar to each other at any side than deeper assemblages. Assemblages were also different between shallow and deep samples within any one side of Mokumanamana (global R=0.80, p=0.001), and all assemblage differences were influenced by environmental variables of sediment levels, substrate variability and roughness, oxygen, particulate organic carbon, and surface currents. The microhabitats caused by substrate changes and changes in depth allow for unique assemblages to be found within a feature, and greatly increase diversity of the area. To understand connectivity at a much larger geographic scale, populations of the precious red coral Hemicorallium laauense were sampled at 16 locations across the Hawaiian Archipelago, and seven microsatellite loci were amplified in 270 individuals to compare genetic connectivity within and between seamounts. Corals on these locations show significant population differentiation at a global scale (G'ST = 0.17, p = 0.01), as well as differentiation within features. DAPC showed a pattern of separation of the Main Hawaiian Islands from the Northwest Hawaiian Islands, though samples from Ka'ena Point appear to form their own cluster and Bank 8 clusters with the Main Hawaiian Islands. Membership assignments showed moderate admixture between some locations, while East and West Northampton and Raita Bank showed almost no admixture. K-means cluster assignments instead show five populations that are well distributed throughout the Hawaiian Archipelago, and some pairwise G'ST values are nearly zero for very distant populations. The unexpected pattern of more differentiation at smaller spatial scales compared to wider spatial scales is likely tied to extremely patchy distributions, episodic recruitment, and overlapping generations of long-lived corals that creates a sweepstakes effect on allele frequencies. Also an important location in the North Pacific, the Emperor Seamount Chain and North Hawaiian Ridge (ES-NHR) have been heavily fished by deep-sea trawling vessels since the 1950's, but this high-seas region has recently come under management by the North Pacific Fisheries Commission (NPFC). With an understanding that the affected seamount communities can have very patchy distributions, and be dominated by local recruitment for larvae, a fine-scale approach was taken to better define the fishing footprint of trawling vessels using the open-source satellite Automated Identification System data provided by Global Fishing Watch. Bottom-fishing activity was quantified from 2012 – 2018 at a 0.01 by 0.01-degree scale, and much of the fishing was focused on just four seamounts of 14 features managed by the NPFC. Another four seamounts show minor bottom fishing activity, while no activity was identified on the remaining six features. Voluntary closures on Koko Seamount and C-H seamount to protect known spawning grounds and vulnerable ecosystems appear to be observed by fishing vessels. In addition to satellite data, Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) surveys from 2014 and 2015 provide visual data on the fishing footprint through trawl scars and locations of abundant megafauna where fishing has likely been avoided. AUV data suggests the fishing footprint was either not fully encompassed by satellite data, or it has moved through time. Locations of remnant or recovering coral and sponge populations found in AUV data can provide starting points for further small-scale closures that will likely not impact fishing in the area but will protect vulnerable ecosystems in this area. These studies provide further understanding on the connectivity of seamount assemblages, the potential human impacts on connectivity, and can aid in developing science-based management plans that work with the heterogeneity and patchiness that have been found for seamount ecosystems. | ||
| GS105,GS087 | Vilás González D,Coll M,Corrales X,Steenbeek J,Piroddi C,Macías D,Ligas A,Sartor P,Claudet J | 2021 | Current and potential contributions of the Gulf of Lion Fisheries Restricted Area to fisheries sustainability in the NW Mediterranean Sea | GS,GS | Among FAO’s Major Fishing Areas, the Mediterranean and the Black Sea had the highest percentage (62.5%) of stocks fished at unsustainable levels, especially demersal stocks. Spatial-temporal restrictions of fishing activities are important measures used for the management of marine stocks. However, sometimes these regulations are not fully implemented due to a lack of effectiveness and compliance, which contributes to their failure. Here, we developed a food-web model approach using the Ecopath with Ecosim (EwE) model representing the Fisheries Restricted Area (FRA) of the Gulf of Lion ecosystem (CoSEGoL model) prior to the establishment of the fisheries restrictions (2006–2008). We characterized the structure and functioning of the ecosystem before and after its establishment. The constructed food-web model was then fitted to the available time series of data from 2008 to 2016 to verify whether this FRA has contributed to the recovery of target demersal species and the demersal community. The fitted model was used to explore alternative future management scenarios to explore feasible management options in order to ensure a full ecosystem recovery under climate change conditions. Our results suggest a failure in the recovery of target species in the restricted area under the current management scenario, potentially revealing a lack of protection efficiency and/or enforcement. Scenarios of management options under plausible climate futures revealed possible recovery of targeted species, especially European hake. The study highlighted the importance of considering trophic interactions between predators and prey to identify trade-offs and synergies in fisheries management outcomes and the need to consider both fishing and climate dynamics. | ||
| GS106 | Statistics CW | NA | FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Report No. 1213 FIAS/R1213 (En) | GS | 1. The Intersessional Aquaculture and Fisheries Subject Group Meetings of the Coordinating Working Party on Fishery Statistics (CWP-IS) met in Denmark, Copenhagen from 19 to 22 June 2017 to hold the 5th Meeting of the Aquaculture Subject Group and the 26th Meeting of the Fisheries Subject of CWP. The meeting was attended by eleven CWP participating organizations and two organizations as observers, with two additional organizations partly attending remotely (participants in Appendix 2). The agenda was organized between joint sessions to address issues of general interest, with the Subject Groups – Aquaculture (CWP-AS) and Fisheries (CWP-FS) – taking place in concurrent sessions, to address matters related with the intersessional programme for each Subject Group. 2. During the joint sessions the groups discussed the dissemination of the revised handbook on the CWP web page, the further enhancement of the socio-economic section of the handbook and the CWP ad hoc task group on “reference harmonization for capture fisheries and aquaculture statistics”. Agreements were reached about the general organization of the CWP handbook contents and the website navigation, and regarding the need for a fast-track procedure to agree on minor issues to ensure the timely release of web version of the handbook contents. For the economic section, the groups decided that the contents should be split into core variables and additional variables, the latter to be moved to a specific section of the handbook and linked to particular policy objectives. The core economic variables should be further enhanced however, and the final draft section must be presented to the 26th CWP Session. With respect to the work of the task group on reference harmonization, the group provided feedback on the structural elements and conceptual schemes from an overall perspective, towards the validation of the SDSD and related reference metadata, as well as the need to broaden the scope/data domain SDSD by compiling essential dimensions/concepts for data collection widely employed by the CWP parties. Instructions for the work to be developed during the remaining intersessional period were given and are included in Appendix 4 of the report. Finally, the CWP participant organizations presented the progress on further streamlining of the reporting of national statistics and a review of activities by participating organizations since CWP-25; group discussion then helped to identify potential data sharing agreements between Eurostat, FAO and OECD and activities to streamline statistical activities. Agreement has been reached about the importance of developing a best practice document based on the current CWP organizations’ experience of data sharing agreements; this work is to be steered by FAO in close collaboration with the other organizations. 3. The Aquaculture Subject Group CWP-AS discussed: 1) the progress made by the Task Force in establishing standard aquaculture questionnaires; 2) the proposed revision of the ISSCAAP groupings; and 3) the contents of the aquaculture section of the CWP Handbook. Significant achievements have been reached by the CWP-AS. Regarding the standard questionnaire, agreement has been reached on the setting of minimum required data, medium-level required data and detailed data for "final aquaculture production by intended use", aquaculture hatchery and nursery production, and seed input for use in aquaculture by source of supply. For the ISCCAAP classification – and based on the preliminary needs assessment – a draft proposal has been prepared which included the creation of new ISSCAAP Groups and the revision of the names of several currently existing Groups. The CWP-AS recommended holding further technical consultation with experts and data users regarding the revisions. Finally, the group concluded that the current draft of the aquaculture statistics handbook is overly extensive, at nine chapters; revisions should therefore be made and a revised version put forward for discussion at the CWP session. 4. The main issues discussed by the Fisheries Subject Group CWP-FS were related to the further enhancement of the GIS task group, the International Standard Statistical Classification of Fishing Vessels (ISSCFV) and the role of Global and Regional fisheries nominal catch statistics in support of Sustainable Development Goal 14. Conclusions on the way forward for the GIS Task group and the work to be developed by the Reference Harmonization Task Group during the second part of the intersessional period have been recommended by the CWP-FS. 5. Finally, the groups agreed on the need to identify a venue for the upcoming 26th Session of the CWP. The secretariat will ensure the need to proceed with Members consultation in relation to the venue and the date is launched in due time. |
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| GS107 | Pierucci A,Xuan AN,Kraan C,Bradshaw C,Garcia C,Mangano MC,Smith C,van Denderen D,Connor D,Punzo E,Others | 2022 | Working Group on Fisheries Benthic Impact and Trade-offs (WGFBIT; outputs from 2021 meeting) | GS | The Working Group on Fisheries Benthic Impact and Trade-offs (WGFBIT) develops methods and performs assessments to evaluate benthic impact from fisheries at regional scale, while considering fisheries and seabed impact trade-offs. In this report, new fishery benthic impact assessments are carried out for several sub-regions in the Mediterranean (Greek waters, South Adriatic Sea, Sicily waters). For other regions, updates of the whole assessment or specific steps only were presented. A standard advice sheet for the regional benthic assessments, intended as input to the next generation of the ICES Ecosystem and Fisheries Overviews, was finalised and compiled for some regions as example (Greek waters, Baltic Sea). A validation of the longevity relationships using new data was executed for the Kattegat area and the Southern North Sea. In relation to the methodology, some recommendations were formulated concerning the update on depletion rates, the use of epifauna- or infauna-based data, guidance on which set of epibenthic species to include and the time scale for setting the average swept-area-ratio (SAR) used in model fitting and assessment. A benchmarking process comparing available benthic impact assessment approaches for MSFD descriptor 6 “Seafloor integrity” is needed, as the WGFBIT approach (relative benthic state) is not the only way to assess benthic impacts from physical disturbances. A start was made to explore how to incorporate more explicitly ecosystem functioning in to the WGFBIT seafloor assessment methodology. An improved understanding of the relationships between total community biomass and ecosystem functioning may assist in setting acceptable thresholds for ecosystem impacts from trawling. Furthermore, an improved understanding of the link between species functional effect traits and proxies and processes for specific ecosystem functions could help increase our ability to predict the impact of fishing disturbance on benthic ecosystem functioning more accurately. The ecosystem function we focus on is the biogeochemical cycling of organic matter. Two approaches were discussed (i) Biological traits approach focusing on the linkage between biological traits and ecosystem functions and (ii) biogeochemical modelling approach using the established the OMEXDIA model. |
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| GS108 | Morales NA,Heidemeyer M,Bauer R,Hernández S,Acuña E,van Gennip SJ,Friedlander AM,Gaymer CF | 2021 | Residential movements of top predators in Chile’s most isolated marine protected area: Implications for the conservation of the Galapagos shark, Carcharhinus galapagensis, and the yellowtail amberjack, Seriola lalandi | GS | Marine protected areas (MPAs) are becoming a widely used tool for the conservation of biodiversity and for fishery management; however, most of these areas are designed without prior knowledge of the basic ecological aspects of the species that they are trying to protect. This study investigated the movement of two top predators: the Galapagos shark, Carcharhinus galapagensis, and the yellowtail amberjack, Seriola lalandi, in and around the Motu Motiro Hiva Marine Park (MMHMP) using MiniPAT satellite tags to determine the effectiveness of this MPA for the protection of these species. The Galapagos sharks (n = 4) spent most of their tag deployment periods inside the MMHMP. However, high intraspecific variability was observed in their movement dynamics. Daily individual maximum movements ranged from 17 to 58 km and the maximum distance from Salas y Gomez Island, the only emergent island within the MMHMP, ranged from 31 to 139 km. The maximum linear distance travelled for a female juvenile Galapagos shark (152 cm total length) was 236 km, which is greater than the maximum distance previously documented for juveniles of this species (\textless50 km). For the yellowtail amberjack (n = 1), 91% of the satellite geolocations were within the MMHMP, with a maximum daily distance travelled of 6 km. The maximum distance travelled between points was 111 km and the maximum distance from Salas y Gomez Island was 62 km. All archival tagged fish spent most of their time at depths of This study provides a baseline on the movement of these two top predators in the MMHMP and provides valuable insights for the creation of MPAs in the region and elsewhere. | ||
| GS109 | Wright G,Rochette J,Gjerde K,Seeger I | 2018 | The long and winding road: negotiating a treaty for the conservation and sustainable use of marine biodiversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction | GS | A vast global commons under increasing pressure Marine areas beyond national jurisdiction (ABNJ) cover nearly half of the Earth’s surface and host a significant portion of its biodiversity. The remoteness of ABNJ and a lack of knowledge previously placed them beyond the reach of human activities. In recent decades, technological and scientific advancements, coupled with growing demand for resources, have increased interest in these areas and driven exploration and exploitation. Negotiating a treaty to safeguard the health of the global Ocean The international community has become increasingly aware of the growing threats to marine biodiversity in ABNJ and have been discussing options to conserve and sustainably use their biodiversity. On 24 December 2017, following more than 10 years of discussions, the United Nations General Assembly decided to convene an intergovernmental conference (IGC) to negotiate an international legally binding instrument (ILBI). A package of varied and complex issues Negotiations will cover the ‘Package Deal’ of issues agreed in 2011, namely: marine genetic resources (MGRs), including questions on the sharing of benefits; measures such as area-based management tools (ABMTs), including marine protected areas (MPAs); environmental impact assessments (EIA); and capacity-building and the transfer of marine technology. An indispensable guide to the process The negotiations will begin in September 2018. It is important that States and stakeholders have a clear and comprehensive understanding of the history of the process, the issues discussed, State positions to date, and the challenges that may lie ahead. This report aims to provide a guide to the negotiations for both experienced participants and newcomers to the process. |
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| GS110 | Solway H | 2023 | Assessing changing Baleen whale distributions and incidents relative to vessel activity | GS | Baleen whales in the Northwest Atlantic Ocean (NWA) are increasingly affected by human pressures related to vessel activity, fisheries entanglement, and climate change. Vessel strikes and entanglement in fishing gear, in particular, often result in distress, injury, or death for these animals. These negative interactions or ‘incidents’ are consistently reported to marine animal response organizations throughout Atlantic Canada but have not yet been analyzed for scientific publication. Using all available incident reports, together with opportunistic sightings data, vessel activity data, and habitat suitability projections from species distribution models, I analysed areas where baleen whales are vulnerable to vessel-related incidents both now and in the near future. Current incident reduction strategies were also reviewed, and their present and likely future success was assessed based on my findings. Results suggest that cross-species areas of high current and future habitat suitability are strongly dependent on sea surface salinity and temperature and primarily exist in the Bay of Fundy, Scotian Shelf, Laurentian Channel, Flemish Cap, and Gulf of St. Lawrence. Areas where all species of baleen whales are vulnerable to incidents occur close to densely populated areas, around major shipping channels and fishing areas. Baleen whales may also be more vulnerable than expected to incidents involving small vessels. While some of these high-risk areas have mitigation efforts in place, they likely require new measures to ensure the safety of all species of baleen whale present there now and in the future. | ||
| GS111 | Kannell D | 2023 | Essays in Environmental and Resource Economics | GS | The fields of environmental and resource economics provide us with the tools that allow us to better understand the world around us and the ways in which humans interact with it. People benefit from goods and resources provided by the environment, but can also harm the environment through externalities created by their economic activity. The utilization of environmental resources often requires government and society to implement policies in order to protect and preserve these resources for the future. This dissertation explores three topics in environmental and resource economics. The first measures an environmental externality caused by urban development and proposes a policy that balances continued development with the welfare of those harmed by the externality. The second explores how people adapt to changes in climate resulting from migration, which may inform us about adaptation to climate change and migration in the future. The third topic studies the effectiveness of policies aimed at protecting marine resources, at a time when marine protection is rapidly expanding. The first chapter, titled "Shadow Prices: Measuring the Cost of Shadows from New Construction in New York City," studies one negative externality of urbanization - the blocking of sunlight by construction - and a policy that can be implemented to ensure a balance between urban development and the welfare of those who are harmed by their reduced access to sunlight. I begin by measuring the externality of urban shadows by estimating the impact of shadows created by new highrise construction on nearby housing prices. Making use of publicly available housing transactions data and building shapefiles for New York City, I create a shadow accumulation model to measure the amount of shadow created by highrises that are cast on residential units in Manhattan in each year for highrises constructed between 2005 and 2014. I then use a differenced regression model with spatial-time fixed effects to estimate the effect of a change in shadows on nearby residential unit sale prices. I estimate that a 10 percentage point increase in average daily shadow received by a unit (e.g. 1 hour of additional shadow in a day with 10 hours of sunlight) is associated with an approximately 3.78% decrease in unit price. Finally, I propose a policy that incorporates this estimate in regulating building height. In the second chapter, titled "Estimating the Relationship Between Inter-Climate Migration and Air Conditioning Adoption," which I coauthored with Leopold Biardeau, we measure the relative increase in residential air-conditioning (AC) adoption rates in states that see higher levels of migration from relatively cooler states, within the contiguous United States. We consider how the average percent increase in Cooling Degree Days (CDDs) by migrants to a given destination state increases the average rate of residential AC adoption in the four decades spanning from the 1960s to the end of the 20th century. We find significant positive effects of the percent increase in CDDs experienced by migrants on rates of air conditioning adoption. To confirm the validity of this relationship, we rely on an instrumental variables approach using origin state determinants of emigration, along with the distance between states, to provide evidence that this result is not the byproduct of a reverse causality relationship in which higher residential AC-adoption levels would be responsible for increased immigration from relatively cooler states. These results provide some insights regarding the expected impact relative temperature changes may have on Climate Change adaptation. In particular, we might expect that an increase in population displacements from warmer countries to relatively cooler ones lead to a lower increase in energy demand for cooling purposes that what would have been anticipated. In the third and final chapter, titled "Evaluating the Effectiveness of Very Large Marine Protected Areas at Deterring Fishing Effort," which I coauthored with Leopold Biardeau and David Zilberman, we study the extent to which Very Large Marine Protected Areas (VLMPAs) have been successful at deterring fishing effort. The last decade has witnessed a considerable increase in the designation of VLMPAs, Marine Protected Areas spanning at least 100,000 km-squared. On paper, these protected areas offer conservation benefits not seen in smaller ones. Yet, their large sizes may constitute a challenge for enforcement. Using on satellite-based data that tracks vessel fishing hours, we find evidence that VLMPAs have, on average, been able to deter fishing effort, although a case-by-case analysis reveals varying levels of success. To better understand the nature of possible illegal fishing in these VLMPAs, we investigate the characteristics of the vessels infringing on the fishing bans in these VLMPAs and find that most of the infractions can be traced back to a few industrialized countries. These three chapters fall back on three important question in environmental and resource economics: What are the environmental externalities associated with economic activity and what policies can be implemented to compensate those harmed while balancing the interest of allowing continued economic activity? How do people adapt to changes in their environment? And finally, how successful are current policies that are designed to protect the environment and its resources? The research contained in this dissertation applies each of these questions in different contexts, and in doing so, helps us to better understand the economics of resources and the environment. |
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| GS112 | Bakker K | 2024 | Gaia's Web: How Digital Environmentalism Can Combat Climate Change, Restore Biodiversity, Cultivate Empathy, and Regenerate the Earth | GS | A riveting exploration of one of the most important dilemmas of our time: will digital technology accelerate environmental degradation, or could it play a role in ecological regeneration? At the uncanny edge of the scientific frontier, Gaia's Web explores the promise and pitfalls the Digital Age holds for the future of our planet. Instead of the Internet of Things, environmental scientist and tech entrepreneur Karen Bakker asks, why not consider the Internet of Living Things? At the surprising and inspiring confluence of our digital and ecological futures, Bakker explores how the tools of the Digital Age could be mobilized to address our most pressing environmental challenges, from climate change to biodiversity loss. Interspersed with ten elegiac, enigmatic parables, each of which is based on an existing technology, Gaia's Web evokes the conundrums we face as the World Wide Web intertwines with the Web of Life. A new generation of innovators is deploying digital technology to come to the aid of the planet, using spy satellites to track down environmental criminals, inviting animals to the Metaverse, and biohacking Frankenstein-like biobots as environmental sentinels. But will they end up doing more harm than good? In an engaging take on conservation technology, Bakker looks at the digital tech applications to environmental issues from predatory harvesting of environmental data to human bycatch and eco-surveillance capitalism. If we address these issues and mobilize digitally mediated forms of citizen science, she argues, digital tech could help reverse environmental harms and advance environmental sustainability. And in the process, Big Tech might be transformed for the better. With its uniquely broad scope—combining insights from computer science, ecology, engineering, environmental science, and environmental law—Gaia's Web introduces profoundly novel ways of addressing our most pressing environmental challenges—mitigating climate change, protecting endangered species—and creating new possibilities for ecological justice by empowering nonhumans to participate in environmental regulation. |
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| GS113 | Paradis Vilar S | 2020 | Physical and Biogeochemical Impacts of Deep Bottom Trawling in Sedimentary Environments of the Western Mediterranean | GS | Bottom trawling is considered one of the most harmful anthropogenic activities in the marine environment given its widespread occurrence, high frequency, and intensity. Since bottom trawling gear are in continuous contact with the seafloor, it can modify seabed morphology by erasing natural sedimentary structures and resuspend large volumes of sediment, which can be advected from trawling grounds, eroding the seafloor and altering sediment properties. With the global expansion of bottom trawling to deeper fishing grounds since the mid-XXst century, it is expected that the impacts caused by this activity will be intensified, but studies assessing them are still scarce. The aim of this thesis was to study the physical and biogeochemical impacts of deep bottom trawling in the Western Mediterranean margin. The physical impact of bottom trawling in submarine canyons of the Catalan margin was studied through the analyses of over 30 sediment cores collected in canyon flanks and axes of six major submarine canyons incising the continental slope. This study observed that trawling grounds located along the canyon flanks are highly eroded, and this sediment is displaced towards the canyon axis, leading to a two- to four-fold increase in sedimentation rates in their axes since the expansion of bottom trawling grounds to deeper environments during the 1960s and 1970s. Trawling-enhanced sedimentation in these canyons are limited to areas located next to bottom trawling grounds, and trawling-derived sedimentation rates decrease towards the lower canyon axis with greater distance from bottom trawling grounds, leaving deeper areas unaffected. A second increase in sedimentation rates was observed in one of the canyons in the early XXIst century derived from the recent modernization of bottom trawling fleets, highlighting the clear interrelation between fleet technification and the modification of sedimentary regimes. These continuous physical alterations can also modify the biogeochemistry of deep bottom trawling grounds, depleting sedimentary organic matter. In the Gulf of Castellammare (Sícily), the accumulation of fresh and nutritionally rich organic matter in nutrient-deprived (20-60 % less organic matter) and eroded deep bottom trawling stimulated the microbial response, causing high turnover rates of labile organic matter. However, the high trawling frequency quickly erodes freshly-accumulated sediment, inhibiting the recovery of fishing grounds in the Gulf of Castellammare. This initially suggested that temporal trawling closures could mitigate the impacts of bottom trawling. However, the comparison of sediment cores collected during several seasons, including towards the end of a 2-month trawling closure in fishing grounds of Palamós Canyon revealed that this management strategy is insufficient to mitigate the impacts of bottom trawling. Organic matter in the trawled site was especially impoverished in the most labile biomarkers (52-70 % loss), hampering the preservation of organic matter in deep-sea sediments and diminishing the nutritional quality on trawling grounds, which could have transcendental impacts on benthic communities, including the targeted commercial species. These impacts persisted in every sampling season, even after the temporal trawling closure, since the low sedimentation rates of the area is not capable of restoring these fishing grounds. These results highlight the vulnerability and low resiliency of deep-sea environments, and stresses that deep-sea trawling damages the seafloor's integrity beyond repair. Considering the global expansion of bottom trawling grounds, these impacts could be occurring in trawled continental slopes worldwide. | ||
| GS114 | Crespo GA | 2020 | Opportunities for Enhancing an Ecosystem-based Approach to Pelagic Fisheries Management in the High Seas | GS | Open‐ocean fisheries expanded rapidly from the 1960s and currently represent the largest direct stressor on high seas biodiversity and ecosystems. Open-ocean ecological research and the implementation of management actions to mitigate the impacts of fisheries has lagged behind those of coastal and deep-sea environments. I investigate opportunities to enhance a wholistic ecosystem-based approach to high seas fisheries management by: reviewing our understanding of the impacts fisheries across ecological scales, evaluating the gaps and opportunities in the mandates of existing and future governance frameworks and developing methodologies for creating dynamic spatiotemporal management tools to reduce bycatch. Results demonstrate that fisheries are impacting the open-ocean across ecological scales. Results also show that the population trajectories of most non-target species in the high seas are not being monitored by fishing nations, nor relevant fisheries management organizations. A new implementing agreement under the UN to sustainably manage high seas biodiversity could complement the mandates fisheries bodies. There is an opportunity for new technologies and modeling approaches to contribute to the implementation of an ecosystem-based approach to management by generating knowledge on the spatial ecology commercial fisheries and high seas biodiversity. My results show that the distribution of target and non-target species, as well as longline fishing activities are correlated with environmental conditions and that these can be predicted across spatial and temporal scales to inform spatial management of high seas pelagic fishing activities. Implementing an ecosystem-based approach will require embracing a precautionary approach to reduce the bycatch of non-target species, which can be accomplished through spatiotemporal avoidance and improving our monitoring of fisheries impacts across ecological scales. | ||
| GS115 | Chevrot A | 2022 | Detection of contextual anomalies in air traffic data using neural network models | GS | To face the ever-growing number of aircraft flying in the world airspace, the Air Traffic Control (ATC) needs to adapt and propose new technologies that are both cheaper to produce and more accurate, sometimes at the expense of the cybersecurity of its systems. The Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) protocol is one of the latest compulsory advances in air surveillance and perfectly depicts this tendency: cheaper to maintain and to implement thanks to inexpensive transponders installed in each aircraft broadcasting their GPS information but way more vulnerable than older technologies. This is due to the change of paradigm that the ADS-B embodies. Older technologies like primary and secondary radars were watching the sky using powerful antennas tracking flights in a given area while with ADS-B, radars do not scan the air but rather directly receive information sent by each aircraft. For this reason, and because of the absence of encryption and authentication in the protocol, it is particularly vulnerable to False Data Injection Attacks (FDIA). FDIAs are messages either created, modified, or deleted by malicious individuals with the intent to disrupt traffic management.To limit these threats, different solutions were proposed using both the physical layer (analysis of the signals’ strength, multilateration …) and the logical layer (data fusion, group verification) including Machine Learning models. The main incentives for the latter are the recent data sources and tools available to obtain flight tracking records. This allowed the researchers to create datasets and develop Machine Learning models capable of detecting anomalies in En-Route trajectories. In this context, we propose a novel multivariate anomaly detection model called Contextual Auto-Encoder (CAE). It uses the baseline of a regular LSTM-based auto-encoder but with several decoders, each getting data of a specific flight phase (e.g., climbing, cruising, or descending) during its training. To illustrate the CAE's efficiency, an evaluation dataset was created using real-life anomalies as well as realistically crafted trajectory modifications, with which the CAE, as well as three anomaly detection models from the literature, were evaluated.To complete this work, and to show the genericity of our approach, experiments on the maritime domain are presented at the end of this thesis. This choice was motivated by the Automatic Identification System or AIS being a similar protocol to the ADS-B with similar problematics but for vessels. These new experiments led to an extension of the original model using an affinity score to merge contexts together. | ||
| GS116 | Cabanelas AM,Quelch GD,Von Kistowski K,Young M,Carrara G,Aneiros AR,Artés RF,Ásmundsson S,Kuemlangan B,Camilleri M | 2020 | Transshipment: a closer look An in-depth study in support of the development of international guidelines | GS | Ongoing concerns have been expressed by the international community regarding the risks that transshipment could facilitate the introduction of illegal, unreported or unregulated (IUU) fish or fish products into the seafood supply chain. Owing to such concerns, the Committee on Fisheries (COFI) of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) requested that the subject be studied in-depth for the possible development of international guidelines on transshipment, based on best practice. The FAO fisheries operations and technology branch (NFIO, formerly FIAO) took up this request and formulated a study team to take the work forward. The study methodology was designed around five core elements: field visits, aiming to ensure a broad geographical balance; a global survey, pitched at FAO Members, regional fisheries management organizations (RFMOs), non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and industry stakeholders; specific case studies looking at tuna and squid fisheries; bilateral discussions with a broad range of RFMOs and due reference to published literature on the subject of transshipment and associated activities. Six months were spent applying the methodology, after which the results were collated and analysed, and the draft report prepared. The widespread and diverse nature of transshipment as a practice is striking. It occurs in all kinds of fisheries ranging from small-scale artisanal activities taking place in coastal areas, to large-scale industrial activity taking place on the high seas far from shore. Most operators would argue that transshipment activity is essential to their operations; unsurprisingly this is largely driven by economic factors. The study naturally gravitated towards a focus on risk. Its main line of enquiry focused on the extent to which the risks identified were mitigated by existing managerial arrangements, and what levels of residual risk remained. The implementation of existing measures was identified as a challenge. The study concludes with a discussion centred on identifying those managerial elements which could form the foundation for a discussion on the development of international guidelines based on best practice. |
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| GS117 | Almpanidou V,Doxa A,Mazaris AD | 2021 | Combining a cumulative risk index and species distribution data to identify priority areas for marine biodiversity conservation in the Black Sea | GS | The Black Sea remains one of the most fragile marine systems globally. The six countries that share the coastline of this semi-enclosed sea have declared, through the Convention on Biological Diversity and regional conventions, their intention to conserve biodiversity and increase the coverage of the protected areas. However, currently only a small proportion of the marine area is under protection. Here, we spatially delineated priority conservation sites that could ensure species protection under the impact of different threats. We developed a cumulative risk index, incorporating anthropogenic pressures related to pollution and fisheries. We then combined this information with distribution data of marine species to apply a systematic conservation planning approach. We identified eleven key areas that cover 10% of the Black Sea, the protection of which could attain realistic conservation targets. These sites are mainly located in neritic and coastal habitats, which also host a number of species that avoid the anoxic part of the ocean basin. The management and efficient protection of these key areas require international collaboration, representing the only way to alleviate the severe degradation of this sensitive, but valuable, marine system. | ||
| GS118 | Baldwin CW,Palin PJ,Nieto-Gomez R,Day J | 2016 | Deterrence Impact Modeling Environment (DIME) Proof-of-Concept Test Evaluations and Findings | GS | The exploding use of social media and digital monitoring presents the Coast Guard with a crucial new domain for mission operations. At the very least, the digital domain is a source of situational awareness for maritime operations. Over time and with creative engagement, the digital domain offers the Coast Guard potentially powerful tools to intelligently inform policy, strategy and planning decision making across most even all mission sets. The study explores the Data Driven Decision Making Cycle metaphorical concepts of a Digital Ocean and a pilot project as means to contextually define the exploding data streams associated with the emergence of the socio-technological domain and a means for engaging this domain. The study shows how a pilot project institutionalizes a Coast Guard capability to build tools(mobile applications) that: identify data escapes where digital pheromones are being produced; capture them; identify trends and patterns; and produce a mechanism that allows decision makers to visualize and decide where, when and how to intervene, as well as visualize the results of that intervention. | ||
| GS119 | Rotjan RD | 2019 | evidence and patterns of tuna spawning inside a large no-take Marine protected Area | GS | The Phoenix Islands Protected Area (PIPA), one of the world’s largest marine protected areas, represents 11% of the exclusive economic zone of the Republic of Kiribati, which earns much of its GDP by selling tuna fishing licenses to foreign nations. We have determined that PIPA is a spawning area for skipjack (Katsuwonus pelamis), bigeye (Thunnus obesus), and yellowfin (Thunnus albacares) tunas. Our approach included sampling larvae on cruises in 2015–2017 and using a biological-physical model to estimate spawning locations for collected larvae. Temperature and chlorophyll conditions varied markedly due to observed ENSO states: El Niño (2015) and neutral (2016–2017). However, larval tuna distributions were similar amongst years. Generally, skipjack larvae were patchy and more abundant near PIPA’s northeast corner, while Thunnus larvae exhibited lower and more even abundances. Genetic barcoding confirmed the presence of bigeye (Thunnus obesus) and yellowfin (Thunnus albacares) tuna larvae. Model simulations indicated that most of the larvae collected inside PIPA in 2015 were spawned inside, while stronger currents in 2016 moved more larvae across PIPA’s boundaries. Larval distributions and relative spawning output simulations indicated that both focal taxa spawned inside PIPA in all 3 study years, demonstrating that PIPA is protecting viable tuna spawning habitat. | ||
| GS120 | Granholm G,Aarsæther KG,Uriondo Z,Quincozes I,Jensen JH,Haugen J | 2017 | D3. 1 Fishery Pilot Definition | GS | The objective of WP3 Fishery Pilot is to demonstrate how Big Data can boost the fishery sector. The Fishery Pilot focus is on two separate types of fisheries in two countries: Oceanic Tuna fisheries in Spain and small Pelagic fisheries in Norway. The areas encompassed by these pilots have an annual capture production of above 13 million tons. Six separate pilot cases have been defined, addressing key concerns as the cost of fuel and vessel maintenance as well as overfishing and selection of correct species. The pilot cases cover these three separate viewpoints: Immediate operational choices, fishing vessel trip and fisheries planning and fisheries sustainability and value. Task 3.1 Co-innovative preparations deals with the specification of user and stakeholders’ needs through the specification of user stories to specify the most beneficial areas of interest from different points of view. The potential for different solution technologies were reviewed in this process resulting in a set of scenarios for the fishery sector within the three viewpoints mentioned above. The main objective of the task is to come up with the pilot definition encompassing the goals and strategies for fulfilling the requirements specified from the analysis of these scenarios and setting the direction for the implementation and piloting. The results are the pilot cases definitions including standardized pilot case specifications and motivation, strategy and evaluation plans. According to the Description of the Action, the organizations participating in this task, and their respective planned work effort in person-months are: TRAGSA (1)/TRAGSATEC (3), VTT (2), SINTEF Fisheries (4), ECHEBF (1). The deliverable D3.1 Fishery Pilot Definition specifies the pilot case definitions, requirement specifications, as well as implementation and evaluation plans. | ||
| GS121 | Leung L | 2023 | Should There Be a Negligence Exception to the Autonomy Principle for Letters of Credit? | GS | Fraud is the only widely accepted exception to the autonomy principle applicable to letters of credit. However, a recent decision of the Singapore High Court, Bank of China Ltd, Singapore Branch v BP Singapore Pte Ltd [2021] SGHC 120, [2021] 5 SLR 738, appears to support the possibility of a further exception: the negligence exception. Other lawsuits pending before the Singaporean courts also implicitly refer to (and plead) such a possibility. This paper argues that the negligence exception should be rejected. | ||
| GS122 | Darby J | 2023 | Ollscoil na hÉireann, Corcaigh | GS | #N/A | ||
| GS123 | Darby J | 2023 | How seabirds respond to a changing oceanic environment: a | GS | Marine habitats are undergoing rapid change due to human influences. The intensity and diversity of human impacts on oceanic habitats are increasing with rising demand for energy and resources. For example, fisheries operate in over 90% of the ocean, harvesting marine life and directly affecting ecosystem functions and resilience. Climate change is also changing the physical and chemical properties of the ocean and altering storm frequency and intensity at a global scale. Seabirds are a group of marine predators that are sensitive to such changes, with impacts contributing to global population declines. We broadly understand how stressors affect different species through effects on life histories and physiological traits, and where seabirds are most impacted based on spatiotemporal overlap of seabirds with human activities. However, finer scale behavioural data are required to understand the functional response of seabirds to different stressors. Biologging devices are continuously improving and miniaturising, being applied to collect fine-scale behavioural information for smaller species and for more protracted durations. In this thesis, biotelemetry is used to investigate the at-sea behaviour of three North Atlantic seabird species in order to understand the drivers of distribution. A better understanding of such drivers sheds light on the challenges facing seabird species when far from land, susceptibility to stressors, and provides insights into more effective monitoring and conservation efforts. Chapter 1 provides a broad introduction to seabird ecology, the application of biologging, and identifies model species for investigating seabird responses to a range of environmental stressors. Chapter 2 investigates the diving behaviour of Manx shearwaters (Puffinus puffinus) and how this correlates with water clarity, which is predicted to deteriorate with increasing urbanisation, eutrophication, and climate impacts. Chapter 3 highlights the relative importance of commercial fisheries compared to other environmental variables in driving the foraging distribution and behaviour of northern fulmars (Fulmarus glacialis) during the breeding season. Chapter 4 expands on this by identifying fulmar-vessel encounters in the non-breeding season, showing how nocturnal vessel attendance is increasing over time, and the apparent relationship with migration effort and time-activity budgets. Chapter 5 identifies unusual levels of variability in the moult period of Atlantic puffins (Fratercula arctica), when they are flightless and more susceptible to climate impacts that may prevent them from foraging. Variability in moult strategy is tied to susceptibility of populations to risks posed by severe winter storms. Chapter 6 provides a synthesis of findings from previous chapters, highlighting how the methods and principles developed may be built upon to further improve our knowledge of seabird ecology and design appropriate conservation measures. Building on insights from previous chapters, I discuss how seabirds are likely to functionally respond to several stressors in the marine environment, including fisheries practices, climate change, and shifting prey availability. Several recommendations are made for further research, including exploring mitigative measures that can be employed to tackle the negative effects of changes to their environment. |
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| NU001 | UN. Department of Economic and Social Affairs | 2023 | Mapping report on existing ocean databases in support of SDG 14 : | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/4037863 | NU | The ocean is the largest ecosystem on our planet, providing a range of resources necessary for sustainable development. In 2015, the UN General Assembly endorsed the 2030 Agenda, putting forward 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and 169 targets, the achievement of which is to be measured by proposed indicators. Oceans, seas and marine resources are at the centre of SDG14 “Life below water”, the multifaceted nature of which requires a shared information and knowledge system in order to support its implementation. In recognition of the need to access the data and information related to different aspects of the ocean, this report aims to map existing ocean databases related to each target of SDG 14. The databases are introduced, and information on how to access them is offered. Finally, the gaps in data access, collection, and dissemination are analyzed and policy advice is provided. For each Target of SDG 14, related databanks/datasets and methodologies are introduced. Multiple datasets stored and organized in a single data portal are considered as a databank, and the data on specific topics are introduced as datasets. For some SDG targets, methodologies on how to analyze data are also introduced. The purpose of this handbook is to assist developing countries in increasing access to reliable data, and to enhance capacity of data-supported decision-making on conservation and sustainable use of oceans, seas and marine resources. Ocean data, however, cover a wide range of aspects. With increasing capabilities in observation, huge amounts of data have been collected and accumulated in such a wide variety of organizations, that it’s almost impossible to summarize all the related datasets. Therefore, in this report, only the datasets closely related to each target of SDG 14 are briefly introduced. 2The report was prepared by Dr. Rencheng Yu, assisted by Dr. Huixia Geng, Dr. Zhengxi Zhou, and Dr. Yifan Li. The co-authors appreciate the assistance of graduate students from the Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. | |
| NU002 | UN. Secretariat | 2017 | Increasing scientific knowledge, and developing research capacity and transfer of marine technology : concept paper / prepared by the secretariat | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/1307986 | NU | NA | |
| NU003 | 2022 | Canadian input on the 2020 UN Ocean Conference Interactive Dialogue : concept papers | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/3996803 | NU | NA | ||
| NU004 | UN Open-ended Informal Consultative Process on Oceans and the Law of the Sea | 2024 | Report on the work of the United Nations Open-ended Informal Consultative Process on Oceans and the Law of the Sea at its 22nd meeting : letter dated 19 July 2024 from the Co-Chairs of the Informal Consultative Process addressed to the President of the General Assembly | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/4059170 | NU | NA | |
| NU005 | UN. Committee on Non-Governmental Organizations (2021 sess. : New York) | 2021 | Report of the Committee on Non-Governmental Organizations on its 2021 resumed session (New York, 30 August to 10 September and 17 September 2021) | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/3945330 | NU | At its 2021 resumed session, held from 30 August to 10 September and on 17 September 2021, the Committee on Non-Governmental Organizations had before it 651 applications for consultative status, including 387 applications deferred from earlier sessions. Of the non-governmental organizations submitting those applications, the Committee recommended 264 for consultative status, deferred 320 for further consideration at its regular session in 2022 and closed without prejudice consideration of 65 applications of organizations that had failed to respond to queries over two consecutive sessions of the Committee. The Committee also had before it one request for reclassification of consultative status deferred from a previous session, which it closed without prejudice. The Committee considered seven requests for a change of name and took note of seven of those requests. It also took note of 323 of the 407 quadrennial reports before it. The Committee heard 17 representatives of the non-governmental organizations that attended the session. The present report contains seven draft decisions on matters calling for action by the Economic and Social Council. By draft decision I, the Council would: (a) Grant special consultative status to 264 non-governmental organizations; (b) Note that the Committee decided to take note of the change of name of seven non-governmental organizations; (c) Note that the Committee decided to take note of the quadrennial reports of 323 non-governmental organizations, including new and deferred reports; (d) Note that the Committee decided to take note of the withdrawal by the organizations Democracy Reporting International, gGmbH, and Arab Program for Human Rights Activists of their applications for consultative status; (e) Close without prejudice consideration of the request for consultative status made by 65 non-governmental organizations after the organizations had failed to respond to queries over the course of two consecutive sessions of the Committee ; (f) Close without prejudice the request for reclassification made by Widows for Peace through Democracy. By draft decision II, the Council would withdraw the consultative status of nine non-governmental organizations. By draft decision III, the Council would suspend, for a period of one year, the consultative status of 219 organizations with outstanding quadrennial reports. By draft decision IV, the Council would decide to reinstate the consultative status of 48 organizations that had submitted their outstanding quadrennial reports. By draft decision V, the Council would decide to withdraw the consultative status of 139 organizations with continued outstanding quadrennial reports. By draft decision VI, the Council would approve the provision al agenda of the 2022 session of the Committee. By draft decision VII, the Council would take note of the present report. | |
| NU006 | 2022 | Final list of participants : Intergovernmental Conference on an international legally binding instrument under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea on the conservation and sustainable use of marine biological diversity of areas beyond national jurisdiction, 4th session, New York, 7–18 March 2022 | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/3968211 | NU | NA | ||
| NU007 | UN. Human Rights Council. Special Rapporteur on the Right to Food | 2019 | Right to food : report of the Special Rapporteur on the Right to Food | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/3792443 | NU | Following the interim report devoted to the rights of agricultural workers and the paradoxical challenge they face in realizing their right to food (A/73/164), the present report focuses on two aspects of fishery workers’ rights. First, it details the essential role that fishery workers play in contributing to the food security and nutrition of others, thus enabling the greater realization of the right to food. Secondly, it discusses the unique barriers that fishery workers face to the enjoyment of their own human rights, specifically the right to food, with special attention to vulnerable groups of fishery workers, including women, children, migrants and indigenous communities. Finally, it focuses on the obligations of States under international legal frameworks and the potential contribution of the private sector, international and regional organizations and consumers to enabling the realization of the right to food of fishery workers in a changing global food system. | |
| NU008 | UNEP | 2023 | Environmental rule of law : tracking progress and charting future directions | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/4028034 | NU | Since the publication of the First Global Report on Environmental Rule of Law in 2019, environmental rule of law has both advanced and been challenged. Climate change and addressing historical social inequities have dominated political and social discourse in many countries, shaping recent developments in the environmental rule of law. The COVID-19 pandemic created new challenges in implementing and enforcing environmental laws. However, it also spurred technological developments and the uptake of technologies. Although many countries worldwide have implemented various environmental laws, their effectiveness in practice remains a challenge for addressing the triple planetary crisis of climate change, biodiversity loss and pollution. The existing climate pledges and legislation are not adequate to achieve the goal of limiting global average temperatures to below 2°C, as agreed upon in the Paris Agreement. In addition, the loss of biodiversity caused by landscape transformation is accelerating at an unprecedented rate, and national governments have not fulfilled their commitments to protect and preserve conserved areas. Pollution of both air and water is a widespread problem, with emerging pollutants such as pharmaceuticals and plastic putting waterways at risk. Approximately 99 per cent of people live in areas that do not meet the air quality standards set by the World Health Organization (WHO 2021a). This report aims to support countries in promoting and strengthening environmental rule of law by addressing challenges and good practices. It responds to the need identified in the First Global Report to undertake regular global assessments of environmental rule of law. This report also seeks to fulfil the United Nations Environment Programme’s (UNEP’s) mandate to promote and advance environmental rule of law pursuant to UNEP’s 2013 Governing Council Decision 27/9, the 2019 United Nations Environment Assembly (UNEA) Resolution 4/20 which adopted the Fifth Montevideo Programme for the Development and Periodic Review of Environmental Law, as well as the Political Declaration of the special session of the UNEA to commemorate the fiftieth anniversary of the establishment of UNEP. Building on the First Global Report, this report expands the initial findings to provide a comprehensive data-informed assessment of global trends, gaps and opportunities related to environmental rule of law. UNEP, in collaboration with its partners, developed and collected data on a series of questions related to each of the key components of environmental rule of law: laws, institutions, civic engagement, rights and justice. By analysing data on these indicators, UNEP has created a global snapshot of environmental rule of law to identify which aspects of environmental rule of law are most prevalent across countries, and to track progress over time. The analysis of the data is provided in four substantive chapters. In addition, this report provides a range of good practices integrated into each chapter. These good practices provide evidence of what successful promotion and implementation of environmental rule of law look like in reality. By presenting good practices, UNEP aims to deepen understanding of environmental rule of law through case studies and inspire states and other stakeholders to replicate good practices whenever possible. Six cross-cutting findings are highlighted: The COVID-19 pandemic has had significant impacts on environmental rule of law, both positive and negative; the recognition and integration of environmental rights has accelerated; there is growing attention to specialised environment enforcement, particularly in the development and capacity building of institutions; women are champions of environmental rule of law; environmental rule of law is undergoing a technological revolution; and climate change continues to be both a dominant context for environmental rule of law efforts and a driver of actions to advance it. Furthermore, several overarching recommendations are proposed for future action and collaboration in connection with current global events and challenges, with an eye toward ongoing analyses and efforts to continue strengthening environmental rule of law. Firstly, prioritise the standardization and tracking of environmental rule of law indicators. Secondly, develop guidance on environmental rule of law in emergencies and disasters. Thirdly, integrate social justice in environmental institutions. Finally, establish a technology-policy interface. A number of issues warrant further research and investigation, and will require collaboration between academic researchers and practitioners that are innovating and pilot testing approaches. This horizon- scanning exercise also highlights future directions for exchange, learning and programming. The five issues are: - Expanding conceptions of gender; - Environmental rule of law in areas beyond national jurisdiction: oceans, poles and space; - Challenges of emerging technology; •Environmental rule of law in fragile and conflict-affected settings; - Environmental rule of law and civil disobedience. Understanding and improving environmental rule of law is crucial for addressing the unprecedented challenges that our planet and societies face. In addition to environmental benefits, environmental rule of law provides economic and social benefits by enhancing the protection of nature, public health and economically valuable natural resources. It also supports and inspires the creation and implementation of ecosystem restoration measures. The consistent, fair and effective implementation of environmental laws strengthens the perceived legitimacy of government action and builds public confidence in institutions. It contributes to greater security and can reduce conflicts and promote peace. | |
| NU009 | UN. Secretary-General | 2022 | Situation of piracy and armed robbery at sea in the Gulf of Guinea and its underlying causes : report of the Secretary-General | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/3993689 | NU | NA | |
| NU010 | FAO. Fisheries and Aquaculture Department | 2018 | The state of world fisheries and aquaculture. 2018 : meeting the sustainable development goals | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/3934545 | NU | NA | |
| NU012,NU011 | UN. Secretary-General | 2023 | List of non-governmental organizations in consultative status with the Economic and Social Council as of 31 December 2022 : note / by the Secretary-General | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/4025469 | NU | NA | |
| NU013 | International Organization for Migration | 2023 | Harnessing Data Innovation for Migration Policy: A Handbook for Practitioners | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/4012987 | NU | This contribution provides general guidance on the fundamental-rights compliant use of big data and artificial intelligence. In view of the increasing uptake of big data analytics and artificial intelligence in the area of migration and border management, many ethical and legal issues arise. This chapter starts by framing the discussion around human rights law. This rights-based approach, anchored in law, is the starting point for any ethical and lawful approach to using big data. Apart from the use of big data for the production of statistics, new technological developments often go one step further by trying to use data to automate certain tasks through predictions based on data and machine-learning algorithms – often referred to and discussed under the broad heading of “artificial intelligence”. The contribution outlines main fundamental-rights challenges in relation to the use of artificial intelligence, including data protection and privacy, equality, and non‑discrimination, as well as access to justice. This is followed by a brief overview of the potential and actual use of big data and artificial intelligence by border management authorities in the European Union. The article concludes with some practical guidance on using artificial intelligence in a fundamental-rights-compliant manner, drawing on findings from publications by the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA). | |
| NU014 | IBRD | 2021 | World Development Report 2021 : data for better lives | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/3963929 | NU | NA | |
| NU015 | FAO. Fisheries and Aquaculture Department | 2020 | The state of world fisheries and aquaculture. 2020 : sustainability in action | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/3934505 | NU | NA | |
| NU016 | UN. Department of Economic and Social Affairs. Division for Public Administration and Development Management | 2018 | United Nations e-government survey 2018 : gearing e-Government to support transformation towards sustainable and resilient societies | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/3868848 | NU | The 2018 UN E-Government Survey, with the overall theme “gearing e-government to support transformation towards sustainable and resilient societies”, is published as the implementation of the 2030 Agenda advances to its third year and the 2018 High-level political forum (HLPF) focuses on transformation towards sustainable and resilient societies. Shocks of various kinds can derail progress towards realizing the vision of the 2030 Agenda. Strengthening resilience is at the heart of all sustainable development goals (SDGs) and is thus essential for sustainable progress. Strengthening resilience by ensuring that people, societies, and institutions have the resources, capacities and knowledge to limit, anticipate, absorb and adapt to shocks, underpins all the SDGs. Governments are responsible for pursuing policies to build resilience and assist those most affected. The 2018 United Nations E-Government Survey considers the ways in which, using digital technology, governments can and are responding to shocks emanating from natural or man-made disasters and various types of other crises. The Survey acknowledges the progressive reliance on digital technologies in managing emergency responses, performing essential functions, and swiftly recovering from crises. For example, governments are ramping up their use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS), open data, e-government services, and cutting- edge technologies such as Artificial Intelligence and blockchain to hasten response and strengthen resilience. | |
| NU017 | 2022 | Report of the 2022 United Nations Conference to Support the Implementation of Sustainable Development Goal 14: Conserve and Sustainably Use the Oceans, Seas and Marine Resources for Sustainable Development : Lisbon, 27 June–1 July 2022 | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/3993162 | NU | NA | ||
| NU018 | UN. Economic and Social Council (2021-2022 : New York) | 2022 | Resolutions and decisions of the Economic and Social Council : 2022 session, New York, 23 July 2021-22 July 2022 | https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/3993531 | NU | NA | |
| UE001 | https://doi.org/10.2861/676908 | AZTI Marine Research Department; Directorate-General for Internal Policies of the Union | 2021 | Workshop on electronic technologies for fisheries . Part I, Transmitted positional data systems | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/9ad0f395-2d63-11ec-bd8e-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE | This study is the first research paper in a series of three, prepared for a PECH Committee Workshop. It reviews the state of the art of transmitted positional data systems, high resolution and synthetic aperture radar (SAR) for satellite image data used in fisheries control and fisheries research. It identifies the strengths and weaknesses of such systems and provides policy recommendations for a more effective fisheries control system based on currently applied electronic technologies (ET). |
| UE002 | https://doi.org/10.2760/87451 | Joint Research Centre; Scientific, Technical and Economic Committee for Fisheries | 2022 | Scientific, Technical and Economic Committee for Fisheries (STECF) - 70th plenary report (PLEN-22-01) | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/78925322-751d-11ed-9887-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE | Commission Decision of 25 February 2016 setting up a Scientific, Technical and Economic Committee for Fisheries, C(2016) 1084, OJ C 74, 26.2.2016, p. 4–10. The Commission may consult the group on any matter relating to marine and fisheries biology, fishing gear technology, fisheries economics, fisheries governance, ecosystem effects of fisheries, aquaculture or similar disciplines. The Scientific, Technical and Economic Committee for Fisheries held its 70th plenary from 4 to 8 July 2022. |
| UE003 | https://doi.org/10.2760/185588 | Joint Research Centre | 2023 | Earth observation in support of EU policies for biodiversity - A deep-dive assessment of the Knowledge Centre on Earth Observation | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/bb713e80-e316-11ed-a05c-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE | This report describes the results from a deep dive assessment of the Knowledge Centre on Earth Observation (KCEO) exploring the use of Earth Observation (EO) products and services to support EU biodiversity policies. EU policy needs in the biodiversity domain are analysed with the ambition to verify how and to what extent existing EO products and services meet these needs, highlight existing gaps and provide recommendations on future evolution. The spatial resolution of Copernicus products in most cases matches the user requirements. Improvements are suggested on more regular and frequent updates of products, as well as on products latency. The length of time series and their consistency over time are considered not always adequate. Uncertainty and accuracy of EO products are key but not addressed in the deep dive. Other areas of improvement are related to the thematic detail: existing land cover maps are not sufficient for many biodiversity applications, and this is as well applicable to land use and sea use products. There is a need to map ecosystem types further refining more aggregated land cover classes, to drive the assessment of habitats and ecosystems condition. In this respect, although satellite EO can already offer significant and valuable datasets to support biodiversity related policies, for the full exploitation of available technology, the availability of ground-based and more broadly in-situ data both on land and in marine and freshwater environments, is essential and should be enhanced. |
| UE004 | https://doi.org/10.2830/110399 | Capgemini Invent; European Data Portal; Publications Office of the European Union | 2020 | Enabling smart rural - The open data gap | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/18d1354e-db7d-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE | This analytical report examines collection, availability and use of open data in rural areas. It does this through the lens of the ‘smart city’ and asks what the prioritisation of the development of services and products for urban populations and industries means for rural populations and rural industries and their specific requirements. It finds that these are not currently being met, and are insufficiently examined or supported by open data, with the exception of agricultural, fisheries and forestry data in more urban Member States, which is thriving. Further, it suggests that ‘smart city’ approaches should not be simply transposed onto the rural environment, but that there is value in ‘smart region’ approaches that recognise the relationship between cities and their surrounding countryside. It recommends the following activities directed at Member States with larger rural populations: the institutionalisation of open data skills and knowledge; increasing awareness of High Value Datasets; engaging with complementary data owners such as non-governmental organisations and researchers; developing skills links with urban areas and the creation of hackathons or challenges that specifically target rural issues. |
| UE005 | https://doi.org/10.2926/909535 | Agencia Estatal Consejo superior de Investigaciones Científicas CSIC; COISPA Tecnologia & Ricerca; Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche IRBIM; Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare CoNISMa; Consorzio per il Centro Interuniversitario di Biologia Marina ed Ecologia Applicata “G. Bacci” di Livorno (CIBM); European Climate, Infrastructure and Environment Executive Agency; Hellenic Centre of Marine Research HCMR; IFREMER Département Ressources Biologiques et Environnement - Boulogne sur mer; Instituto Español de Oceanografía IEO; Istituto Nazionale di Oceanograficia e di Geofisica Sperimentale OGS | 2022 | Study on advancing fisheries assessment and management advice in the Mediterranean by aligning biological and management units of priority species MED_UNITs - Final report | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/027a7baf-aa5b-11ec-83e1-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE | Stock identification provides a basis for understanding population dynamics and makes the stock assessment process more robust, thereby developing fisheries management strategies. Multiannual Management Plans under the Common Fishery Policy (EU Reg. 1380/2013) are tools for managing shared stocks in the long term and thus this requires improving our knowledge on biological stock units and fishery management units. Methods for delineating stocks advanced considerably in recent years and include genetic techniques, otolith shape and chemistry, acoustic telemetry, tagging, demographic analysis and meristic data. The integration of multiple techniques that operate over different temporal and spatial scales makes it possible to overcome many of the limitations of single technique approaches and strengthens the inference available from stock structure studies (Cadrin et al., 2013). The identification of fishing grounds is an essential information to delineate the fishing footprints on the fish and shellfish stocks. To identify fishing grounds different methods are available, based on Automatic Identification System (AIS) and Vessel Monitoring System (VMS). Linking information on stock boundaries with the one on the localization of the fishing grounds is a key step for the identification of spatial units for fishery management. The overall objective of the MED_UNITs project is to identify and match biological and management stock units of several important demersal species in the Mediterranean: European hake (Merluccius merluccius), red mullet (Mullus barbatus), deep water rose shrimp (Parapenaeus longirostris), giant red shrimp (Aristaeomorpha foliacea), blue and red shrimp (Aristeus antennatus) and Norway lobster (Nephrops norvegicus). The study covers the Geographical Sub-Areas (GSAs) 1-27 (Mediterranean Sea). The project structure consists of 5 Work-Packages (WPs) and 16 Tasks.WP0-Project management and coordination; WP1-Population genetics and phylogeographic studies for identification of biological units of priority species; WP-2 Otolith shape and microchemistry analyses; WP3-Delineate fishing grounds and stock assessment; WP4-Synthesis and proposals. The analyses undertaken in WP1 and WP2 delineate the population units from a biological perspective. WP3 defines the fisheries footprints not necessarily within the boundaries of the current GSAs. The integration of this information takes place in WP4, supported by the explanatory role of ecological/environmental profiles at spatial scale. Overall, this approach is expected to advance fisheries assessment and improve the management advice, reducing the bias associated with the assumption of a given stock unit, when instead multiple stocks are assessed as a single unit or only a portion of a stock is assessed as a closed unit. |
| UE006 | https://doi.org/10.2861/617655 | Directorate-General for Internal Policies of the Union; Thünen Institute of Sea Fisheries | 2020 | Impact of the use of offshore wind and other marine renewables on European fisheries - Research for PECH Committee | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/84b731bb-53bb-11eb-b59f-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE | The study provides an overview of general impacts of the development of offshore wind farms and other marine renewables on the European fishing sector. It further highlights pathways for possible co-existence solutions of both sectors, a description of best practice examples and lessons learnt, the identification of research gaps and last but not least the presentation of policy recommendations. |
| UE007 | https://doi.org/10.2760/19269 | Joint Research Centre | 2023 | EU bioeconomy monitoring system indicator update | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/e4cc8c00-a11c-11ed-b508-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE | The conceptual framework of the EU Bioeconomy Monitoring System was designed to assess the EU’s progress towards a circular and sustainable bioeconomy. Indicators were selected to cover the various parts of the framework but gaps in the knowledge or data still exist. This document describes the progress made in filling gaps in the indicators that had been identified as being important to understand the progress of the EU Bioeconomy. In 2022, three gaps were addressed: Climate change adaptation in fisheries and aquaculture, climate change adaptation in forestry and share of wood in construction. Indicators of adaptation to climate change in fisheries and aquaculture presented in Chapter 2 of this report are chosen for their ability to indicate changes in these sectors either as technical changes, changes in the behaviour of resource users/producers, or changes in the governance system. Many indicators are proposed here, but the final choice of the indicators selected to inform policymakers through the EU Bioeconomy Monitoring System must be preceded by a period of evaluation, consultation with the productive sectors and assessment of their operation in the medium to long term. For the indicators on climate change adaptation in forestry, indicators need to be applicable in as many forest ecosystems and methods of forest management as possible allowing comparisons across temporal and spatial scales. Moreover, they need to be concise, meaningful, and communicative, easily comprehensible, particularly by decisionmakers. The indicators presented here are proposed based on an in-depth literature review and assessment of data availability at EU level. Regarding indicators to assess the share of wood in construction, there is little data available. Timber use in construction is highly centred around residential construction, its total use varies from country to country and the data available is highly localized, thus there is no centralized EU-level database available for this indicator. The most feasible indicator is for the volume and share of wooden buildings (load-bearing frame mostly of wood) because of the homogeneity with which it is measured across different countries. So far, such data is only available in five countries: Germany, Sweden, Finland, Czechia, and Bulgaria. |
| UE008 | https://doi.org/10.2815/520375 | European Union Institute for Security Studies | 2023 | Africa atlas - Mapping the future of the AU-EU partnership | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/a09e7f31-8500-11ee-99ba-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE | Africa is experiencing a far-reaching social, economic and demographic transformation, while gaining increasing prominence in global geopolitics. To take account of these changes, this Chaillot Paper sets out to update our ‘mental map’ of the continent and zoom in on the trends and dynamics that are reshaping Africa and thus affecting its relationship with the European Union. Modelled on an atlas, it presents a series of visually engaging maps, charts and graphics, to convey key messages and statistics on themes as diverse as food sovereignty, urbanisation, climate resilience, migration and mobility as well as peace and security. Using these infographics, it aims to chart the way forward for a modern and forward-looking partnership between the African Union and the European Union. The volume looks at all areas for collaboration that were identified in the AU-EU Joint Vision for 2030, tracking the progress made and, above all, underlining the opportunities and challenges that lie ahead. |
| UE009 | Directorate-General for Maritime Affairs and Fisheries | 2020 | EUMOFA, European Market Observatory for Fisheries and Aquaculture Products - Monthly highlights. No. 9/2020 | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/277255a5-3060-11eb-b27b-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE | NA | |
| UE010 | https://doi.org/10.2861/572 | Directorate-General for Internal Policies of the Union | 2022 | Role and impact of China on world fisheries and aquaculture | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/74c3d8b8-92f8-11ed-b508-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE | This study reviews China’s mariculture and marine fisheries with emphasis on the operations of its Distant Water Fleets (DWF). China’s DWF are analysed with some emphasis on the subsidies they receive from their government, their Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated catches and practices, the challenges they represent to international agreements, and to competing fleets from the EU, particularly in six focal countries, i.e., Mauritania, Senegal, Madagascar, Mauritius, Ecuador and the Solomon Islands. Finally, the trade of Chinese fishery and mariculture products is reviewed with some emphasis on the import of fish feed by China, which may increasingly impact some food-deficient countries. |
| UE011 | https://doi.org/10.2767/879305 | Directorate-General for Employment, Social Affairs and Inclusion | 2017 | Quality of public administration - A toolbox for practitioners. Theme 1, Policy-making, implementation and innovation | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/d1d02a42-d580-11e7-a5b9-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE | Governments will always face difficult policy choices, even in times of peace and prosperity, and will be judged on the outcomes they produce. Policy decision taken at all levels (supra-national, national, regional and local) will shape the strength of economic renewal and social well-being in the EU in the coming years. This theme poses a series of questions: How is policy designed in practice? What instruments are available? How can more creative solutions be found? In seeking answers, it explores the qualities of good policy-making, approaches to longer-term strategic planning, stakeholder consultation and the advent of co-responsibility with citizens and businesses (co-design, co-production, co-evaluation, etc.). It also sets out tools and techniques for regulatory reform. In pursuing continuous improvement, it emphasises the importance of systematic feedback, the value of external scrutiny in driving up standards, and innovation in its myriad forms. |
| UE012 | https://doi.org/10.2826/35050 | AZTI TECNALIA; CEFAS; Executive Agency for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises; IEO; IPMA; MRAG | 2019 | Scientific approaches for the assessment and management of deep-sea fisheries and ecosystems in RFMOs and RFBs - Final report | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/0f2b559b-4610-11e9-a8ed-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE | Globally, there are ten regional organisations responsible for the management of fisheries for non-migratory species in areas beyond national jurisdiction. Regional Fisheries Management Organisations (RFMOs) have a legal mandate to ensure the sustainable use of marine living resources in these areas, although the two organisations in the eastern and western equatorial Atlantic (CECAF and WECAFC) are limited to an advisory role and formally designated Regional Fishery Bodies (RFBs) only. Unlike RFMOs, RFBs do not have a Convention document, and cannot implement binding measures to which member states must adhere (e.g. areas closed to fishing). In this review, we discuss the varying strategies adopted by these organisations to manage deep-water fisheries (400m and deeper), with a particular focus upon measures designed to limit deleterious impacts upon sensitive benthic ecosystems. Each organisation is scored against 102 criteria which relate to their status, capacity, and actions to manage bottom fisheries. The North Atlantic RFMOs (NEAFC and NAFO), and CCAMLR were the highest scoring organisations, with CECAF, WECAFC and the South Indian Ocean Fisheries Agreement (SIOFA) consistently amongst the lowest scoring organisations. To explore the extent to which each organisation is meeting its objectives, each of these criteria are grouped according to whether they best represent an organisation’s capacity (what it can do); need (what it should do); and action (what it has or is doing), as a means to assess how each organisation is performing. The action and need scores for most organisations are broadly proportional (i.e. the more an organisation does to limit adverse impacts, the less needs to be done), but comparisons between capacity and action highlight where organisational improvements should be made. Several organisations still have substantial capacity gaps (particularly CECAF and WECAFC) and should be targeted for additional technical and financial support. Others, such as the Mediterranean Fisheries Council (GFCM), progress appears not to be commensurate with their collective capacity, perhaps owing to more a more complex geopolitical setting. This review provides detailed background information for each organisation and makes a number of recommendations for future research and policy direction. |
| UE013 | https://doi.org/10.2926/425550 | BlueFarm; CE Delft; ECORYS; European Climate, Infrastructure and Environment Executive Agency; SML | 2024 | Techno-economic analysis for the energy transition of the EU fisheries and aquaculture sector | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/a8d20a8c-39eb-11ef-87a1-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE | A Sustainable Blue Economy offers many solutions to achieve the European Green Deal objectives. However, this requires current activities, technologies and processes to reduce their carbon footprint. In response, the European Commission adopted a package of measures in February 2023 including most importantly for this study the Communication on the Energy Transition of the EU Fisheries and Aquaculture sector. The package proposes a series of actions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and achieve carbon climate neutrality by 2050. This study maps out low-carbon energy innovations and efficiency solutions; analyses current energy use; associated CO2e emissions; the cost to reduce them; and the viability of decarbonisation technologies. It identifies potential solutions for the fisheries and aquaculture sector, assesses their financial viability and provides recommendations for overcoming barriers to implementation. The specificities of fisheries and aquaculture are addressed separately, with recommendations for the two provided accordingly. Potential synergies for the energy transition within the sectors, are also identified. |
| UE014 | https://doi.org/10.2835/726865 | European Fisheries Control Agency | 2022 | Course for EU fisheries monitoring centres’ operators on vessel tracking systems - Non-EU countries | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/5e6281d5-a66e-11ec-83e1-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE | The objective of this training manual is to provide an overview of the systems and tools available in fisheries monitoring centres (FMC) and their use for the purpose of collecting and managing data, in particular information obtained from fisheries control operations. The manual also shows how these resources can be used to guide control operations at sea and in port in the most effective way possible. This manual is aimed primarily at FMC operators located on the African continent, in particular for the control of fishing activities carried out in the Atlantic Ocean, the Indian Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea. |
| UE015 | https://doi.org/10.2826/581374 | Capgemini; Executive Agency for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises | 2021 | Advanced technologies for industry - AT watch : technology focus on data sharing | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/cb3900ea-a635-11eb-9585-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE | This report focuses on the evolution of data sharing as the advanced technology fostering the digital transformation of Europe. Data sharing is vital for companies in general, and SMEs in particular, to reap the benefits that data offers and is a key asset for the EU’s ambitions to become a role model for a data-driven society, to create a single market for data and to facilitate common European data spaces. |
| UE016 | https://doi.org/10.2760/29623 | Joint Research Centre; Scientific, Technical and Economic Committee for Fisheries | 2023 | Scientific, Technical and Economic Committee for Fisheries (STECF) - Evaluation of economic indicators and closure areas in the western Mediterranean (STECF-23-01) | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/c4fcda28-ed5d-11ed-a05c-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE | Commission Decision of 25 February 2016 setting up a Scientific, Technical and Economic Committee for Fisheries, C(2016) 1084, OJ C 74, 26.2.2016, p. 4–10. The Commission may consult the group on any matter relating to marine and fisheries biology, fishing gear technology, fisheries economics, fisheries governance, ecosystem effects of fisheries, aquaculture or similar disciplines. This report is the 10th of a suite of STECF EWG reports dedicated to the evaluation of the implementation of the Western Mediterranean Sea Multi-Annual management Plan (hereafter, MAP), following EWG reports 18-09, 18-13, 19-01, 19-14, 20-13, 21-01, 21- 13, 22-01 and 22-11. |
| UE017 | Directorate-General for Maritime Affairs and Fisheries | 2019 | EUMOFA, European Market Observatory for Fisheries and Aquaculture Products - Monthly highlights. No. 5/2019 | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/f7abc165-5224-11ea-aece-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE | NA | |
| UE018 | https://doi.org/10.2771/813984 | Directorate-General for Maritime Affairs and Fisheries | 2021 | Species analyses - 2020 edition | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/d33345a6-a3db-11eb-9585-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE | NA |
| UE019 | https://doi.org/10.2760/214080 | Joint Research Centre; Scientific, Technical and Economic Committee for Fisheries | 2023 | Scientific, Technical and Economic Committee for Fisheries (STECF) - Validation of selected sustainability indicators and underlying methodologies for the revision of the EU marketing standards for fisheries products (STECF-22-12) | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/897fe1a6-b19b-11ed-8912-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE | Commission Decision of 25 February 2016 setting up a Scientific, Technical and Economic Committee for Fisheries, C(2016) 1084, OJ C 74, 26.2.2016, p. 4–10. The Commission may consult the group on any matter relating to marine and fisheries biology, fishing gear technology, fisheries economics, fisheries governance, ecosystem effects of fisheries, aquaculture or similar disciplines. This report is from the EWG 22-12 on “Validation of selected sustainability indicators and underlying methodologies for the revision of the EU marketing standards for fisheries products”, which met in Brussels from 5th to 9th September 2022. |
| UE020 | https://doi.org/10.2861/882830 | Directorate-General for Internal Policies of the Union; Öko-Institut e.V | 2021 | The role of artificial intelligence in the European Green Deal | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/2c3de271-525a-11ec-91ac-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE | Artificial Intelligence (AI) can be deployed for a wide range of applications to promote the goals of the European Green Deal. However, adverse environmental impacts of AI could jeopardise the attainment of these goals. The report describes environmental potential, clarifies characteristics and causes of environmental risks, and outlines initiatives and best practices for environmental policies. It illustrates the need for regulatory action to align design and deployment of AI with the goals of the European Green Deal and concludes with specific recommendations. This document was provided by the Policy Department for Economic, Scientific and Quality of Life Policies at the request of the Special Committee on Artificial Intelligence in a Digital Age (AIDA). |
| UE021 | https://doi.org/10.2826/387890 | Executive Agency for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises | 2020 | Review of the research knowledge and gaps on fish populations, fisheries and linked ecosystems in the Central Arctic Ocean (CAO) | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/aae1e59e-46fe-11ea-b81b-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE | This report presents a review of the research knowledge and gaps on fish populations, fisheries and linked ecosystems in the Central Arctic Ocean (CAO). The CAO comprises the deep basins of the Arctic Ocean beyond the shelf break, which largely overlap with the High Seas of the Arctic Ocean, i.e. the marine areas outside the Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZs) of the Arctic coastal nations. The authors of the report are members of the European Fisheries Inventory in the Central Arctic Ocean (EFICA) Consortium. This study was funded by the European Commission as an EU contribution to the international cooperation within the Agreement to Prevent Unregulated High Seas Fisheries in the Central Arctic Ocean. |
| UE022 | https://doi.org/10.2771/500972 | Directorate-General for Maritime Affairs and Fisheries; EUMOFA European Market Observatoryfor Fisheries and Aquaculture Products | 2021 | Country analyses - 2020 edition | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/d33149d5-a3db-11eb-9585-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE | NA |
| UE023 | https://doi.org/10.2777/100029 | Directorate-General for Research and Innovation | 2023 | S&T&I for 2050 - Science, technology and innovation for ecosystem performance : accelerating sustainability transitions | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/260eaaf7-6bd7-11ee-9220-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE | This report presents the results of a study on S&T&I for 2050: science, technology and innovation for ecosystem performance – accelerating sustainability transitions. The aim was to identify, map and assess future scientific and technological developments that can radically improve or threaten ecosystem performance. Based on literature review, the project team developed three perspectives on future relations between humans and nature and humans’ role in the flourishing of planetary ecosystems. Drawing in addition on a two-round Dynamic Argumentative Delphi survey on the most dynamic scientific and technological developments, six cased studies on core sustainability issues explored the three perspectives. Reflections on implications for R&I policies in the context of the European Green Deal conclude each case study. |
| UE024 | https://doi.org/10.2830/63132 | Publications Office of the European Union | 2020 | The economic impact of open data - Opportunities for value creation in Europe | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/1021d8a7-5782-11ea-8b81-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE | This European Data Portal study researches the value created by open data in Europe. It is the second study by the European Data Portal, following the 2015 report. The open data market size is estimated at EUR 184 billion and forecast to reach between EUR 199.51 and EUR 334.21 billion in 2025. The report considers how this market size is distributed along different sectors and how many people are employed due to open data. The efficiency gains from open data, such as potential lives saved, time saved, environmental benefits and improvement of language services, as well as associated potential costs savings, are explored and quantified where possible. Finally, the report also considers examples and insights from open data re-use in organisations. |
| UE025 | https://doi.org/10.2771/563899 | Directorate-General for Maritime Affairs and Fisheries | 2021 | The EU fish market - 2021 edition | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/6f87e818-dbd4-11ec-a534-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE | “The EU fish market” aims at providing an economic description of the whole European fisheries and aquaculture industry. It replies to questions such as what is produced/exported/imported, when and where, what is consumed, by whom and what are the main trends. A comparative analysis allows to assess the performance of fishery and aquaculture products in the EU market compared with other food products. In this report, value and price variations for periods longer than five years are analysed by deflating values using the GDP deflator (base=2015); for shorter periods, nominal value and price variations are analysed. This publication is one of the services delivered by the European Market Observatory for Fisheries and Aquaculture Products (EUMOFA). This edition is based on data available as of June 2021. The analyses included in this report do not take into account possible updates occurred in the sources used after this date. |
| UE026 | https://doi.org/10.2878/94903 | European Union Agency for the Space Programme | 2022 | EUSPA EO and GNSS Market Report. 2022 / Issue 1 | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/c7072179-1e9f-11ed-8fa0-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE | The European Union Agency for the Space Programme (EUSPA) and the European Commission (EC) welcome all readers to this first issue of the EUSPA EO and GNSS Market Report. Following two previous issues of the Copernicus Market Report by the EC and six previous issues of the EUSPA GNSS Market Report, this EO and GNSS Market Report combines the market and application insights of both into a single report that provides global coverage of the Earth Observation and Global Navigation Satellite System applications across multiple market segments. For those readers that are new to the report, the EUSPA EO and GNSS Market Report is a continuously evolving publication that builds on a similar structure and format used in previous issues. With the merger of both EO and GNSS into a single report, no less than 17 market segments are featured. The 17 market segments are the following: Agriculture / Aviation and Drones / Biodiversity, Ecosystems and Natural Capital / Climate Services / Consumer Solutions, Tourism and Health / Emergency Management and Humanitarian Aid / Energy and Raw Materials / Environmental Monitoring / Fisheries and Aquaculture / Forestry / Infrastructure / Insurance and Finance / Maritime and Inland Waterways / Rail / Road and Automotive / Space / Urban Development and Cultural Heritage. |
| UE027 | https://doi.org/10.2760/143313 | Joint Research Centre; Scientific, Technical and Economic Committee for Fisheries | 2020 | Evaluation of fishing effort regime in the Western Mediterranean. Part V (STEC-20-13) | https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/935fdb67-4405-11eb-b59f-01aa75ed71a1/language-en | UE | Commission Decision of 25 February 2016 setting up a Scientific, Technical and Economic Committee for Fisheries, C(2016) 1084, OJ C 74, 26.2.2016, p. 4–10. The Commission may consult the group on any matter relating to marine and fisheries biology, fishing gear technology, fisheries economics, fisheries governance, ecosystem effects of fisheries, aquaculture or similar disciplines. This report is the fifth of a suite of STECF EWG reports dedicated to the fishing effort regime in the Western Mediterranean Sea, following EWG reports 18-09, 18-13, 19-01 and 19-14. The group was requested to progress to update mixed fisheries models and F-E analyses with the most recent data and the most recent stock assessments, to run a number of effort scenarios until 2025, to draft a mixed-fisheries advice including relevant scenarios and displays, and to discuss next steps. In EMU 1, good progresses were achieved in combining effort and catch data from both France and Spain into the b |